Planting techniques of Codonopsis pilosula

1. Land selection and preparation

Nursery ground, want to choose close to water source, loose soil, fertile, good drainage sandy loam or humus loam and shady slope of the back sun is good; The planting land should be selected from gentle slopes, terraces, uncultivated land and flat land with high dry terrain and good drainage, but the soil layer should be deep, fertile and well-structured. After the soil easy to cultivate is withered, the shrubs and weeds on the uncultivated land should be removed and burned as fertilizer in the winter of the first year. Then, the soil should be deeply ploughed 30 cm, leveled and raked fine to make a high ridge 1.3 meters wide, 30 cm deep and 15 cm deep. Cultivated rehmannia, suitable for autumn or spring pre-sowing soil preparation. Combined with soil preparation, apply 2000~2500 kg of decomposed manure or compost per mu, turn it into soil as base fertilizer, then rake it into 1.3 m wide high bed, and open drainage ditch around it.

2. transplanting

After sowing seedlings, the stem leaves on the ground in the autumn of the same year are yellow and withered, or the soil is thawed 10 cm in the early spring of the second year, immediately. It should be early rather than late, otherwise, the growth of Dangshen seedlings will be affected after germination. Before transplanting, the ginseng seedlings are dug up, and the inferior seeds without bud heads, damaged roots and too young are removed, and tied into small handles, which are taken along with planting. If it is not finished that day, it should be buried in wet soil, and it must not be watered. Transplanting, according to the row spacing of 20 cm, in the planting ground transverse ditch, 15-18 cm deep, according to the plant spacing of 4 - 5 cm inclined into the dry ditch, the tail shall not bend, the root system should naturally stretch. Then, cover fine soil more than 6 cm above the root head; pour through the fixed root water after compaction. 25-30 kg of ginseng seedlings are needed per mu.

3. intertilled weeding

After the spring seedlings emerge, immediately pull out weeds; after that, in the thinning and replanting of seedlings to carry out 1 weeding, it is appropriate to pull out by hand, loose topsoil, to avoid root damage. Seedling height 9 cm or so can be loosened weeding. Stop after closing the line.

4. fertilization

No topdressing was applied to seedling stage in order to control excessive growth of ginseng seedlings. The planting land is combined with intertillage and weeding in spring every year, and 1000~1500 kg of human and animal manure water is applied per mu. For the second time, 1500 kg of thin human and animal manure water was applied per mu before sealing or erecting frames. For the third time, before autumn cultivation, compost 1000-1500 kg per mu, calcium superphosphate 50 kg, or bone meal 15 kg are applied evenly and scattered between rows, and then turned into soil. After application, soil is cultivated for cold protection to facilitate winter. Remove the cold soil after the ginseng seedlings return to green in the following spring.

5. drainage water

Less irrigation and frequent watering should be done after seedling stage and transplanting. After planting or transplanting, water less or stop watering. Pay attention to drainage in rainy season to prevent rotten roots.

6. bracket

When the seedling height is 30 cm, bamboo stems or branches should be used to set up supports to make the vines climb upward, which is beneficial to ventilation and light transmission, enhance photosynthesis, and prevent diseases and insect pests caused by excessive humidity in the field. It is a yield-increasing measure for codonopsitis cultivation.