Organic cultivation techniques of Pleurotus ferulae

In the cultivation season, the optimum temperature for the growth of Pleurotus ferulae mycelium was 5 ℃ ~ 32 ℃, but it grew fastest at the temperature of 25 ℃, and the best temperature for fruiting body growth was 8 ℃ ~ 15 ℃. When cultivating Pleurotus ferulae, the mushroom bag is usually made from September to October, and the mushroom production management is carried out from November to April of the following year.

Cultivation places and cultivation methods: the cultivation sites can be used as idle houses in rural areas (which must be renovated). If underground projects (civil air defense tunnels, national defense projects, basements) are equipped with light sources and ventilation facilities, they can also be used as cultivation sites. Pleurotus ferulae is mainly cultivated with plastic bag clinker, which can be cultivated not only on the ground in a single layer, but also on a wall, and on a multi-layer mushroom rack in order to improve the utilization rate of the unit area of the mushroom room. No matter which form is adopted to cultivate Pleurotus ferulae, the surrounding environment must be clean, hygienic, pest-free, pollution-free, and fumigated with sulfur. The cultivation area should be well ventilated and the air is fresh and dry.

Cultivation raw materials: agricultural and forestry by-products can be reasonably matched to prepare culture materials with comprehensive nutrition and good physical shape. The commonly used materials are cotton husk, sawdust, bagasse, wheat straw, rice straw, wheat bran, etc., coupled with calcium carbonate, phosphate rock powder and other minerals, these materials require fresh, no mildew, no damp caking phenomenon.

Medium formula: 1. Miscellaneous sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, calcium carbonate 1%, phosphate rock powder 0.95%, yeast slice 0.05%. Cottonseed shell 78%, wheat bran 20%, calcium carbonate 1%, phosphate rock powder 0.95%, yeast slice 0.05%. Bagasse 78%, wheat bran 20%, calcium carbonate 1%, phosphate rock powder 0.95%, yeast slice 0.05%.

Bag production and mycelium culture: Pleurotus ferulae bags can be made of low-pressure polyethylene plastic bags with specifications of 15 cm × 28 cm or 17 cm × 33 cm. The bagging technology can refer to the bagging method of organic cultivation of Lentinus edodes. Sterilization, inoculation and culture techniques can be carried out with reference to the organic cultivation technology of Pleurotus eryngii.

Management of mushroom production: the mycelia of Pleurotus ferulae can be full of mycelia after being cultured at a temperature of about 25 ℃ for 1-1.5 months. When the mycelium grows in the bag for about 7 days, it can enter the mushroom management. First, put the bacterial bag on the mushroom bed after sterilization and insecticidal treatment, and then induce mushrooms by the following methods: first, adjust the temperature to 12 ℃-15 ℃; second, adjust the air relative humidity to 85%-95%; third, adjust the light to 200-1500 lux; fourth, ventilation every day to facilitate air convection and maintain sufficient fresh air in the cultivation space. Primordia grow quickly in the bacterial bag under suitable temperature, humidity, light and air conditions. When the fruiting body primordium appears on the culture material surface of the bacterial bag, the cotton plug of the bacterial bag and the ring on the bacterial bag can be removed, and the air relative humidity can be adjusted to about 95% to promote the primordium to continue to grow. When the primordium grows to 2 cm, the ventilation rate is increased, and the air relative humidity is reduced to 80% to 90%, the temperature can be adjusted to 15 ℃ ~ 18 ℃. Under this condition, the fruiting body cap is harvested after the inner roll begins to spread out gradually. Pleurotus ferulae is generally harvested only once, and the bag should be removed in time after harvest.