Key points of summer management of semi-clinker cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus

Dandong area every year from the middle of June, from dry and sultry weather to continuous rainy season, continuous rain, more than 10 days can not see sufficient sunshine, high temperature, humidity, like "sauna" weather. From the middle of July to the opening of the market, it is scorching sun again. The mushroom bags are easy to degenerate or be attacked by diseases and insect pests in high temperature and humidity environment, resulting in soft and rotten mushroom plates (bags) after opening or after the first water supply, which makes mushroom farmers suffer economic losses to varying degrees. According to our cultivation practice in recent years, master a set of summer management methods, management points are introduced as follows:

1. Do a good job in hair management before summer

Select good strains. Cultivation time should be appropriate. The fungus tray (bag) shall be placed indoors or outdoors under the shade, and shall be stacked regularly. After the mycelium grows on the surface of the fungus tray (bag), it shall be placed on the culture rack in time. The fungus tray (bag) contaminated by miscellaneous bacteria shall be placed at the bottom of the culture rack. The low temperature environment shall be used to inhibit the growth of miscellaneous bacteria. Serious ones shall be discarded in time. When the plate (bag) from the original white to orange, indicating that the bacterial cortex has been fully formed, you can enter the summer management.

2 Summer Management

2.1 cooling

Mushroom belongs to low temperature fruiting edible fungi. If the temperature control measures of the mushroom tray (bag) are improper in summer, it will lead to the decline of mycelium vitality, metabolism disorder and gradual death, which is one of the main reasons for the softening of the mushroom tray after opening, the death of mycelium and the so-called "empty bag disease" by mushroom farmers. The main method of preventing disease: when building mushroom shed, the distance between the center of the shed and the ground should not be less than 3.5m, and the distance between the top fungus tray and the top of the shed should be 0.8~1.0m. Cover the shed roof with crop straw or thick straw curtain to avoid direct sunlight on the fungus tray. Climbing vines can also be planted on both sides of the greenhouse, so that branches and leaves can shade the greenhouse and cool down in summer. The temperature in the shed should be controlled within 30℃; if it exceeds 30℃, sprinkle water on the ground and roof around the shed and strengthen ventilation to cool down.

2.2 protected from light

Summer places require light protection and weak light, direct sunlight is strictly prohibited. Because the mycelium penetrates the whole culture medium in the late stage of fungus development, the orange waxy layer is formed on the surface of the fungus plate (bag), the scattered light is too strong, the waxy layer is thickened, the water is not easy to enter the culture medium, the fruiting body is difficult to form, and it can also cause the fungus plate (bag) to dry and die due to rapid evaporation of water, so it is necessary to thicken the bottom of the shed and the surrounding shade.

2.3 dehumidification

The relative humidity of the air shall not exceed 80%. If the humidity is too high, the fungus skin is thickened and the fungus tray (bag) is easy to rot, and the fungus tray (bag) is also vulnerable to pests. Summer high temperature and high humidity weather more, resulting in mushroom flies, mushroom mosquitoes, slugs and so on a large number of reproduction, bite mushroom hyphae, bacteria plate (bag) in a large number of hyphae were eaten, bacteria plate loose, soon decayed after spraying water. The main humidity reduction measures are to strengthen ventilation, in addition to the ground sprinkle quicklime or fresh cinder and other moisture absorption substances, the bacteria tray (bag) water should be discharged in time.

2.4 ventilation

It is required to keep the air in the shed fresh and circulated regularly, and ventilate 2 to 4 times a day. If the temperature in the shed is above 25 ° C, the doors and windows must be opened day and night to ventilate and cool down. If the ventilation is not carried out for a long time, the temperature will rise and the humidity will increase relatively, which will become the breeding source of various diseases and insect pests.

2.5 pest control

It is necessary to spray the whole shed space with 2% lime water regularly, then spray thiophanate-methyl 1000 times diluted solution, spray dichlorvos 200 times solution or 90% trichlorfon 500 times solution once every other day, and comprehensively control twice in the whole summer stage, which can get better control effect.

2.6 other cases

2.6.1 When individual mushroom trays (bags) are fruiting in summer, light ones should not be opened. The film can be cut at the fruiting position, and the mushroom buds can be removed, and then sealed with adhesive tape. When a large number of mushrooms are produced, the fungus tray can be opened for normal moisture management, and the picked fruiting bodies can be sold fresh or salted.

2.6.2 From late summer to one week before opening, the temperature difference between day and night in mushroom shed should be adjusted properly to induce the formation of primordium. Roll up the plastic around the mushroom shed at night and cover it in the daytime for several days to promote the mushroom hyphae to change from vegetative growth stage to reproductive growth stage.