Cultivation techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus in summer

Pleurotus ostreatus is a large rare fungus in the tropics. Its summer cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:

1. Choose the right production period. Pleurotus ostreatus belongs to high temperature type, the mycelium growth temperature is 15: 36 ℃, the best is 25: 30 ℃, the fruiting body formation temperature is 15: 33 ℃, and the best is 23: 28 ℃. The seeds were planted when the temperature was not lower than 15 ℃ from March to April in spring, and the peak growth period was from June to September.

two。 Choose raw materials. The raw materials for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus should be rich in cellulose, such as cottonseed shell, core, rice straw, bagasse and so on. No mildew and deterioration, no harmful substances and pesticides. The applicable formulations are: ① cottonseed hull 96%, gypsum powder 1%, lime 2%, calcium superphosphate 1%; ② corncob 50%, cottonseed shell 46%, gypsum powder 1%, lime 2%, calcium superphosphate 1%: ③ rice straw 76%, cottonseed shell 20%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%.

3. Fermentation sterilization. Pleurotus ostreatus is often cultivated in fermentation bed or bag cultivation in summer. When the culture materials are fermented and sterilized, attention should be paid to: different raw materials of ① are treated separately. The rice straw was cut into 3~5cm long segments, put into the pool, soaked in quicklime for 24 hours and then picked up to reduce alkalinity; corncob was processed into soybean kernel size: cottonseed husk kept in natural state. ② was built to ferment. Add lime, calcium superphosphate and gypsum powder to the main material, and add 110%-120% water, stir evenly, build a heap for fermentation for 10-15 days, and turn the heap 2-3 times. The water content of ③ culture material is 60%-65%, and the pH value is 7-8. The treated culture materials of ④ were put into plastic bags of 17cm × 3cm or 22cm × 40cm, then sterilized under atmospheric pressure, kept for 5 hours at 100 ℃, simmered for 12 hours after cease-fire, and finally unloaded and cooled.

4. Culture bag. When the temperature of the material in the bag drops to about 25 ℃, the seed can be ordered. By using the method of planting at both ends, each bottle of bacteria can be inoculated with 30-40 bags. After planting, the bacterial bag was placed in a clean, dry and light-proof culture room and stacked with 4-5 layers. When the strain germinates and the hyphae grow to 1 beat 2 in the bag, the bag mouth film should be loosened to allow oxygen into the bag and heat up when the culture temperature is lower than 15 ℃. After 30-40 days of culture, the mycelium grew full of bags, and then entered the physiological mature stage.

5. Cover the earth. Summer planting of Pleurotus ostreatus often uses field beds and bags to cover soil and grow mushrooms. The mushroom shed should sit north and face south, and 4-5-story beds should be built in the shed. First spread a piece of woven cloth at the bottom of the bed, and then spread the 2cm thick fine soil. In addition, the bacteria bag should also be covered with soil. After the bag is on the shelf, open the mouth of the bag, cover with 3~4cm thick nutritious soil, spray water, and cover thatch or newspaper to moisturize. The white hyphae climbed onto the soil surface 8-12 days after mulching, and when the surface was covered with hyphae, remove thatch or newspaper to reduce dampness to promote mycelium lodging and induce primordium formation. During bud induction, the relative humidity of the air in the shed was controlled at 85%-90% and the temperature was 20-25 ℃, and ventilation was strengthened, light was increased, mycelium differentiation was stimulated in the soil layer, and the primordium kink was promoted to differentiate the fruit body.

6. Mushroom management. It usually takes 13-18 days for Jinfu mushroom to be covered with soil. The specific management is as follows: young mushrooms generally do not spray water during the occurrence period, and the dry weather should spray water into the air. When the mushroom body grows to 3cm high, spray water once or twice a day, and the air relative humidity is maintained at 85% 90%. The fruiting body stops spraying water when it is mature to avoid rotten mushrooms. When the temperature exceeds 30 ℃ in midsummer, add sunshade, and pour water into the furrow, or spray to cool down.

7. Harvest. It takes 12 to 15 days from primordium formation to fruiting body maturation. When the mushroom stalk is thick and long, the top is small and the bottom is large, the fungus cover is flat and the surface is smooth. After harvest, clean up the residue of the border bed in time, flatten the material surface, stop spraying water, continue to spray water after 5 days, and spray once nutrient solution to make the lower tide mushroom. Generally, the second tide mushroom can be produced after 2 weeks, and a total of 4 tides can be collected.