Softening cultivation techniques of softened chicory

After the root plant harvest, it is best to go through a certain low temperature treatment, and then soften the cultivation. The time of low temperature treatment varies with the variety. The treatment time of early-maturing varieties can be shorter, while late-maturing varieties should be longer, so that tighter bud balls can be formed. The method of softening cultivation is very flexible, which can be divided into soil culture method and water culture method. Soil culture is a more traditional cultivation method, which can be dug on the ground in greenhouse and greenhouse. It is characterized by low cost and simple operation, but its biggest disadvantage is that the bud ball is not clean. The water culture method needs special facilities and equipment, which increases the cost, but the environmental conditions are easier to be controlled manually and can create excellent cultivation conditions. The water culture method is divided into two kinds: water-liquid culture and substrate culture, and the substrate generally uses peat (peat has good air permeability, strong water storage and few miscellaneous bacteria).

The soil cultivation method is generally carried out on the ground, and the hot line can be added in the greenhouse and greenhouse in Beijing area. The trough with a width of 1.5 meters and a depth of 25 centimeters is dug first, and the length depends on the site. The hot line of the lower floor is covered with 3 centimeters of soil. With a little arrangement of the roots (breaking off the rotten leaves and cutting off the root length by 14cm), you can code one by one in the trough. After a border is good, sprinkle soil 6cm to 8cm above. When the soil above is removed into the root gap, stop watering, then cover the soil with 15cm, leave a space of more than 20cm, cover with black film or use other shading materials. When the temperature is kept at about 18 ℃, the bud balls can be harvested in about 20 days. Note that used grooves and soil can no longer be used.

Hydroponics can be carried out indoors or in greenhouses. In France, growers use wooden grooves with four legs for softening to cultivate in the dark, mechanically and efficiently. A small amount of cultivation can be carried out in containers 40cm to 50cm high, or 30cm high grooves can be used in greenhouses or chambers. When cultivating with water, we should pay attention to wash the roots, break off the rotten leaves and outer leaves first, and the water level should be below 2 and 3 of the root, and it is best to use circulating water and clean water. When using peat as substrate, spread wet peat first, and then code root. The peat should reach more than 2 stroke 3 of the root, and water again when the size is full. The hydroponic root plant is not covered with substrate, so it is relatively clean.

No matter the soil culture method or the substrate culture method, the requirements can be met only at the beginning of watering until harvest. The softening cultivation of chicory can be carried out according to local conditions, and the bud balls of chicory can be produced as long as the water, greenhouse and dark conditions meet the requirements of chicory growth, but each has its own advantages and disadvantages.

After the main bud ball of chicory is harvested, it can also produce lateral buds, cut off the roots of short stems, and grow many and thin buds after tissue callus, but much slower, and the buds harvested for the second time are also very characteristic. It is called monk beard in the French market. The yield of chicory bud ball is equivalent to the field yield of about 7500-15000kg per hectare, and the output value can reach more than 150000 yuan.