Cultivation and management of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Chrysanthemum is one of the top ten traditional famous flowers in China. It is suitable for planting in a wide range of areas, many varieties, complex colors, changeable flower shapes, blooming in the withered late autumn frost, and has a high ornamental value. In particular, potted multi-headed chrysanthemum is deeply loved by people because of its compact plant shape, neat arrangement of flowers and the ability to show the characteristics of varieties. How to raise a lot of chrysanthemums, technology is the key.

I. preparation of potted soil

The growth and flowering of chrysanthemum are closely related to the preparation of potted soil.

Chrysanthemums avoid waterlogging and drought tolerance, like a certain amount of fertility, but do not tolerate excessive fertility. Therefore, when preparing basin soil, we should not only pay attention to the aggregate structure of basin soil, but also pay attention to moderate fertility, slow fertilizer effect and long duration. If the potted soil is too rigid, the chrysanthemum is easy to rot its roots, too loose and not easy to retain water. When the soil fertility is too large, the chrysanthemum is easy to grow in vain, and when the fertility is too small, it can not meet the normal growth needs. Therefore, in the preparation of basin soil, we must pay attention to the proportion of raw materials.

The raw materials used are fully mature cow dung, cottonseed shell soaked with human dung and urine, aged slag and sandy soil, which can be used after sieving. The blending ratio varies with the purity of each raw material, and the approximate ratio is cow dung ∶ slag, sandy soil ∶ cottonseed shell = 3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1.

2. Cultivation of Chrysanthemum morifolium

The cutting time of Chrysanthemum morifolium varies according to regional differences, and is also closely related to the characteristics of varieties. Dwarf varieties should be inserted early, high varieties should be inserted late, those who are easy to suffer from disease should be inserted late, and those who are not easy to get sick should be inserted early. The cutting time varies from place to place, from time to time and from variety to variety.

The cutting time of multi-headed chrysanthemum in Kaifeng is mostly carried out from April 20 to May 20. If the cutting time is too early, vegetative growth period is long, the plant is easy to aging, flowering has entered a weak old age, the emergence of willow leaves, the flower is not big. If the cutting time is too late, with the seasonal change, the sunshine is getting shorter and shorter, and the plant enters the reproductive growth period as soon as possible, it can not meet the requirements of multi-head chrysanthemum for bifurcation, which affects the flowering quality and ornamental effect.

The quality of cuttings is directly related to the growth of chrysanthemum. When selecting cuttings, we should pay attention to selecting those chrysanthemum heads which have no diseases and insect pests, strong growth, excellent and stable variety characters. Immediately after picking, sprinkle with water to moisturize, and then use a blade to cut the cuttings about 7 cm long from about 2 mm below the petiole, insert them into the sand bed of full-light spray, and compact them with spray can. After about half a month of spray treatment, they generally take root well and can be put on the basin.

In the vegetative growth period of multi-headed chrysanthemum, it is generally necessary to go through the process of potting and pouring pots. In the pot, the seedlings were first planted in a tile basin with a diameter of about 10 centimeters, and the cultivation soil accounted for half of the basin volume. the small soil in the basin was used to control the amount of water and fertilizer to meet the requirements of deducting water and fertilizer in the vegetative growth period of chrysanthemum. If there is no abnormality after the chrysanthemum seedlings are put on the pot, you can leave 3 to 4 leaves to start.

When the seedlings grow after a period of time and the roots of chrysanthemum have been covered with basin soil, the nutrition in the basin soil can no longer meet the needs of chrysanthemum growth, so it should be poured into a basin with an inner diameter of less than 24 cm. It is best to pour the pot in the afternoon before the summer. Before pouring the pot, you should pay attention to watering the chrysanthemum seedlings in the morning. The chrysanthemum seedlings should be planted in the middle, and the covering soil should be flat with the surface of the original soil mass, and then water thoroughly to facilitate the return of the seedlings.