Cultivation techniques of Spiraea in Tuzhuang

Spiraea tuzhuang, also known as spiraea pilosa, is a genus of spiraea of rosaceae. It was introduced from tieling, liaoning province in march 2001 by beilin seedling breeding demonstration and extension center of changji prefecture. Its growth performance in the local area is as follows: deciduous shrub, plant height about 80 cm, cluster shape, pink flowers, terminal panicle. Flowering June, slender branches, flowers ornamental good. At present, it has been extended to Karamay, Shihezi and other places.

I. Biological characteristics

The plant is a deciduous shrub, up to 2 m tall. Branchlets brownish yellow when young, short hairy, grayish brown when old, glabrous; buds ovate or subglobose, outside coated with scales. Leaves rhombo-ovoid to elliptic, 2~4.5 cm long, 1.5~2.5 cm wide, margin deeply sawn from middle above, sometimes 3-lobed, sparsely pilose above, gray pubescent below, petiole 2~4 mm long, pubescent. Umbels pedunculate, with many flowers; pedicels 0.7 - 1.2 cm long; bracts strip-shaped, pubescent; flowers 5 - 7 mm in diameter, calyx campanulate, glabrous outside, gray pubescent inside, calyx lobes triangular, petals ovate, broadly ovate or suborbicular, 2 - 3 mm long and 2 - 3 mm wide, stamens numerous, nearly as long as petals, disk circular with 10 lobes, style shorter than stamens. Fruit open, persistent style terminal, with erect persistent sepals. The flowering period is from May to June and the fruiting period is from July to August.

II. Breeding methods

1. cutting propagation

Hardwood cuttings or greenwood cuttings can be used. Hardwood cuttings before germination in early spring, select strong growth, full bud eyes, after sand storage branches, cut into 12~16 cm cuttings, in the cutting bed with the cut with the insertion. It is best to cover plastic film for heat preservation and moisture preservation, and the rooting rate can reach more than 95%. Greenwood cuttings are generally carried out in June to July. If there are greenhouses and ready-made branches, they can also be carried out earlier. The method is to select semi-lignified branches, cut them into cuttings of 5~8 cm, take 2~3 leaflets, cut them in full-light mist-fog seedling trays or greenhouse sheds, do not insert too deep, and take root after about 2 weeks.

2. Tillering propagation

It should be carried out before germination in spring, and the tiller seedlings around Spiraea will be used for afforestation.

3. seed reproduction

Seed is collected in autumn after seed ripeness, dry stored, seeded in spring, seeding rate is 2.5~3.5 kg/667 square meters, row spacing is 40~50 cm, seedling bed is determined according to terrain, it is suitable for flat land to be convenient for water, the length and width of seedling bed are 2×6~8 meters, sowing is suitable for north-south direction, and the soil is covered with 2~3 cm. If conditions permit, it is best to cover the mixture of river sand and sawdust. Generally 5~30 days can take root, germination unearthed. Soiling, weeding and thinning in time at seedling stage. When the seedling height is 3~4 cm, urea and other quick-acting fertilizers are applied.

III. Field management

Tuzhuang spiraea likes light, cold tolerance, water and fertilizer, low requirements for soil, fast growth, strong branching force, simple management. Generally, 8~10 times of irrigation a year, pay attention to timely loosening and weeding, cut off dead branches and long branches in summer, cut off dried fruit branches in September, strengthen tree vigor, maintain crown shape, and make flowering and fruiting better in the coming year.

Tuzhuang embroidery chrysanthemum period 5~6 months, pink flowers, dense on all sides, ornamental, can be used as garden and landscape greening materials; should be planted in groups, used as a variety of patterns and models; can also be used as a hedge, winter irrigation before winter, pay attention to prevent the occurrence of rodents.