Apricot variety: Mai Qianhuang

The short-branch type pre-wheat yellow apricot was selected from the rich apricot variety resources in Weinan area of Shaanxi Province in 1992, and its comprehensive character was better than that of the precocious apricot variety cultivated in production at present. The existing demonstration park is 6.3 mu. Through cultivation observation, professional evaluation and market reflection in the past 4 years, its outstanding characteristics are as follows:

1. The market is very early and the market price is high.

The flowering period of field cultivation is March 23-25, the flowering period is March 30, and the fruit development period is about 60ml 65 days. The mature period of producing area is May 25-27, which is about 7 days earlier than Dragon Boat Yellow Festival and Kate apricot. Around May 20, the fruit noodles can be yellowed and sold on the market. Due to the absolute dominance in the mature period, the wholesale price of orchards for several consecutive years is 5.6 yuan per kilogram, with an average price of 0.6 yuan per apricot. In 1999, most of the prices in Taiyuan market were 10 yuan per kilogram, which was 12% higher than that of Kate apricot.

2. The fruit is very large, decent and beautiful, and the meat is crispy and sweet.

Under the condition of fruit thinning, the fruit has a vertical diameter of 5.8 cm, a horizontal diameter of 5.9 cm and a lateral diameter of 6.2 cm, with an average single fruit weight of 125 grams and a maximum of 153 grams. The fruit is nearly round. The background of the pericarp is yellow and there are red ring spots on the sunny side of the fruit. Pulp thickness 2.5 cm, edible rate 97.25%, crisp sweet slightly sour, semi-free kernel, sweet kernel.

3. The flowering stage is resistant to frost, and the yield is high and stable.

The fruit was hung in the third year of cultivation (the early fruit was slightly lower than Kate and Jinyang), the plant produced 45kg in the fourth year and 75kg in the fifth year. It snowed heavily during the flowering period in 1999, and other apricots were frozen seriously, but the apricot was basically unaffected, and the plant yield still reached 100kg, 125kg in 2000. From March 5 to 6, 2001, the variety suffered rare freezing in history. The variety was safe and sound, showing a certain frost resistance and the characteristics of high and stable yield.

4. No fruit drop, no dehiscence and long soft dissolving period before harvest.

This variety does not drop fruit after ripening, and the harvest period of uncracked fruit can last 10 Murray for 15 days, and it can be stored naturally for 8 days after yellow ripening, and the commercial fruit rate of the orchard is as high as 98%. It is conducive to long-distance transportation, the supply of non-local markets and the development of rural scale.

5. the tree has short branches and good three-dimensional fruiting performance.

The author changed from the demonstration garden to the observation of 4-year-old trees, which showed that the tree shape was dwarfed and the branches were short and dense. Compared with the control tree, the 13-year-old mother tree has a height of 4.4 meters, 2-year-old branches and perennial branches with short branches on the back and on both sides, and the branches bear fruit year after year, mainly bouquet-like fruit-bearing branches and short-fruit branches. The self-flowering seed-setting rate is higher, which is beneficial to close planting and facility cultivation, can improve the utilization rate of greenhouse land, and the management basically does not need pruning.