Heilongjiang fennel, a cold-water economic fish with high culture value

Heilongjiang fennel belongs to salmon-shaped order, fennel family, fennel genus, commonly known as spotted trout, red scale fish. In China, it is produced in the upper reaches of Heilongjiang River, Nenjiang River, Mudanjiang River, Wusuli River, Songhua River, Suifen River and so on. Foreign countries are distributed along the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk in Russia and the Sea of Japan.

There are two other subspecies of fennel in China: Yalu River fennel from the Yalu River and Arctic fennel from the Ertix River Basin. The appearance and habits of the above-mentioned Sanya species are quite similar, only the geographical distribution is different.

Heilongjiang fennel has a long and flat body and a well-developed tail stalk. The kiss is blunt and short. The mouth end position is equal to the upper and lower jaw. The mouth is split and tilted. The upper jaw is free, and the end can reach below the vertical line in the center of the eye. There is a row of fine teeth in the upper and lower jaw, and there are no teeth on the tongue. Big eyes. The scales are small, the lateral lines are 80-98, and the lateral lines are straight. The dorsal fin is long and tall, the dorsal edge is round and convex, in the shape of a flag; the fat fin is small, located above the starting point of the anal fin; the dorsal fin and anal fin of the female are larger than those of the male. The back and side of the body are purplish gray, and there are many small dark brown spots scattered on the side of the body; the color is obvious during reproduction, there are many large red spots on the side of the adult fish, and the fins are reddish purple. There are two stripes formed by reddish-brown spots on the dorsal fin. In addition to the spots, there are several dark horizontal spots on the side of the juvenile fish, which will disappear with growth. The belly color is light, and the whole body color is bright.

Heilongjiang fennel is a kind of cold water fish, which is a typical fish inhabiting mountain streams in the north cold temperate zone. it swims in a small range and does not enter major rivers and lakes all the year round. In summer, they often live in the upper reaches of tributaries, and like to live in rivers with luxuriant water plants, numerous insects, clear water color and fast current; in winter, they live in the deep waters of mountains and streams, and still do not stop eating. Each year there are short-distance reproductive, warm and erbium spring migrations, as well as autumn migrations to avoid drought and freezing. Fennel takes invertebrates as the main food, and the time of asking for food is mostly at night. Xia Jixi preys on aquatic insects and terrestrial insects that fall into the water. The mature age is 4 winter years old, and the breeding season is saved from mid-April to early May, when the parent fish swim to the clear and fast current to lay eggs, and the eggs often adhere to the gravel at the bottom of the river.

Fennel meat is delicious, is a valuable edible fish, but the number is not much, did not form a certain catch. Most of the local fishermen catch fish during the migration period, and the fishing intensity is too large, so that the already small amount of resources is significantly reduced. In addition, due to the construction of reservoirs and water conservancy facilities in the rivers, the spawning, feeding and overwintering environment of fennel has been changed, which has also affected its reproduction and survival.