Key points of daily management of Sanhuang bearded chicken

Sanhuang bearded Chicken is a famous local chicken breed in China, which has the characteristics of tender meat, fine bone, crisp skin and three yellow beard. Sanhuang bearded chicken is a famous meat type local chicken breed in China. It has strong resistance to rough feeding and disease. It originated in Huiyang area of Guangdong Province, with Zijin, Boluo, Longmen, Huidong, Huiyang and other counties (cities) as the main producing areas. It is famous at home and abroad for its tender bones, crispy skin, excellent meat quality and the unique appearance of three yellow (foot yellow, beak yellow, hair yellow) and long chin beard. Its live chicken exports are large and its economic value is high, so it has long enjoyed a high reputation in the Hong Kong and Macao market. Sanhuang bearded chicken is of high value in modern chicken breeding, production and foreign trade market. Sanhuang bearded chicken, as a relatively outstanding excellent meat type local chicken breed, its performance should be improved and vigorously popularized to produce high quality Sanhuang bearded commercial chicken in an intensive form. It is necessary to actively realize the industrial development and utilization of this fine breed resources. As a result, relying on the School of Animal Science of South China Agricultural University, Satefa High-tech Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. implemented the "bumper harvest plan" project of the Ministry of Agriculture in Zijin County, Guangdong Province-- "Comprehensive Technical Promotion of High-quality Sanhuang bearded Chicken breeds". In its implementation, the project relies on leading enterprises, adopts the form of "company + peasant household", and implements the management mode of "four supplies and one recovery" for @ # @ 230 farmers (that is, to provide chicken, feed, medicine and technical services, and commodity broilers for guaranteed price recovery). In the past two years, a total of 359.96 million Sanhuang bearded chickens were promoted, and 34.71 million commercial broilers were listed. The average age of broilers was 115days, the average rate was 96.5%, and the average weight was 1.46kg. The output value of chicken production was 6.58796 billion yuan, and the total net income of chicken farmers was 763.62 million yuan. After two years of implementation, it has completed the promotion task stipulated in the contract, achieved certain economic and social benefits, and won the third prize of Guangdong Agricultural Technology extension Award. In order to give readers a better understanding of the feeding and management methods of Sanhuang bearded chicken, the main points are introduced as follows. When ① was fed and watered in the morning, the mental state and feces of chickens were observed. If diseased chickens were found to have runny nose, tears, swollen face and dyspnea, they should be isolated or eliminated in time. Healthy chickens are lively, responsive and crisp, while diseased chickens are depressed, slow or crouched and sleepy, with loose hair and drooping wings. Normal chicken feces are gray and white urate is attached. ② listens to the abnormal sounds of chickens with or without respiratory diseases at night, especially in winter, due to poor ventilation, it is easy to cause respiratory diseases, such as snoring, wheezing, coughing, etc., it is necessary to isolate and feed alone for treatment. ③ pay attention to the temperature change of the chicken house, especially in winter, there should be no wind, thieves, and so on. ④ observation of pecking chicken, if found should be picked out in time, with purple lotion to wipe off the blood, and timely find out the cause, whether the weather and environment changes, excessive density, poor ventilation, excessive lighting, symptomatic treatment. Feeding technology ① drinking water: provide plenty of clean water. Be sure to clean the drinking fountain every time you add water. ② feeding: the buckets should be evenly distributed, and the buckets and seedling plates should be cleaned frequently. After eating the materials in the buckets, take out the buckets and let the chickens clean the leftovers in the seedling plates. Provide full-price compound feed. The buckets and seedling plates should be cleaned regularly and disinfected once a week. There should be no chicken dung and other dirt in it. If you mix the wet material, do not mix too much, take the chicken flock for an hour and a half to eat as the limit, and then clean the eating utensils to avoid acid deterioration of the remaining wet material to cause chicken disease; in the high temperature and humid season, pay attention to whether the feed caking, the phenomenon of flavor, etc., pay attention to the moldy feed can not be fed. ③ fattening: if the chickens are not fat enough in the later stage (that is, 20 days before the market), you can go to the market to buy some pig fat, fat fat boiled into lard and mixed with feed, oil dregs can also be fed to chickens, generally 1 package of material plus 2 Mui 3 jin of lard. When the uniformity of ④ is poor, the amount of each feeding can be increased and the feeding times can be reduced. ⑤ regularly disinfects chicken farms and chicken utensils, prevention and treatment, and pay attention to temperature changes, so as to prevent chickens from catching colds and respiratory diseases. Environmental hygiene ① keeps the ground clean and dry, especially in summer, when chicken manure contains about 8% water, which makes the house humid and affects heat dissipation, so it should be removed in time. ② cleans chicken droppings every three or four days, no more than one week at most, and flushes once a week if possible. After each cleaning, it must be disinfected with disinfectants (such as permethrin, etc.), or quicklime, but not pesticides. The chicken manure collected by ③ is far from being accumulated in the chicken farm and must not be piled up and fermented next to the chicken house. ④ to strengthen ventilation, chicken coop as much as possible to open more windows or roll up the plastic cloth, etc., the principle of ventilation is to ensure that the smell is not pungent, and then ensure the temperature of the chicken coop. To prevent stress when the number of chickens is large, the male and female should be raised separately. Because the feeding ability of rooster is strong, while the hen is relatively weak, herding is disadvantageous to hen fattening. ① avoids the stimulation of sudden high temperature, bright light, sudden sound, poisonous gas and so on. Once you hear the loud noise of the flock, you should rush to the henhouse at any time to comfort them. When ② keeps chickens in captivity in the henhouse, be careful not to force them out of the house so as not to cause stress or do not know how to return to the pen. Instead, they should let nature take its course and take the bucket out of the house. Deworming management ① in vivo deworming, mainly refers to the elimination of Ascaris lumbricoides, taeniasis, nematodes, etc., generally in the process of feeding with deworming drugs to drive worms twice, the first is 50ml 60 days old, the second is 90Mel 100 days old. Insect repellents commonly used are: a: levamisole, oral 30mg / kg body weight; b: albendazole, 50mg / kg body weight; c: tetraimidazole, 40mg / kg body weight. ② in vitro deworming, mainly refers to the elimination of mites, mosquitoes, midges, ticks and so on. In the process of feeding, under the condition of improving environmental hygiene, we should always observe whether the skin of the flock has protuberance and red spots, especially the abdomen and legs. Commonly used drugs are: a: diformamidine, according to the instructions, the spraying effect is not ideal must be soaked. B: trichlorfon, take a bath with 0.1% trichlorfon, be careful not to let your head into the potion. C: Chong Li Ling, 0.1% mixture, continuous use of 3mi for 5 days. Disease prevention and control, adhere to prevention-based, prevention is more important than treatment, strict disinfection, timely administration. ① to strengthen the feeding and management of chicken flocks, so that chickens in a good state of health, is the first condition for the reduction of diseases. Disinfect the whole field with chicken spray with disinfectants such as Baidu every week, it is best to wash the floor and all utensils before disinfection; do not let unrelated personnel enter the farm at will When the temperature difference between day and night is too large, add some drugs such as doxycycline, oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin to feed or drinking water, such as doxycycline, oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, etc. multidimensional and antibiotics are added to feed or drinking water when there is heavy rain or high temperature in hot summer. ② disinfection measures: the aim is to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms in the polluted environment, cut off the way of disease transmission, and control the occurrence and spread of chicken infectious diseases. Preventive disinfection, combined with chicken house cleaning and hygiene, 5mi once every 7 days; temporary disinfection, when chickens are threatened with infection; disinfection with chickens to prevent the spread of germs through the body surface or feathers of chickens. Deal with special cases in time, such as 22-month-old 35-day-old pay attention to the occurrence of bursal disease, drink water with 5% glucose immediately once it occurs, and inject double antibodies as soon as possible; or chickens that are difficult to move in front and back of their legs should be eliminated in time. Medication precautions ① strictly grasp the indications, each drug has a unique chemical structure, a certain scope of action, a clear antibacterial spectrum of various drugs, the use of drugs will be targeted. ② in injection treatment or immunization, to constantly drive away the accumulation of chickens, in order to prevent chicken pile injury and crushing to death, do not be negligent. There are two ways to inject drugs: one is subcutaneous injection, the other is intramuscular injection. Hypodermic injection, generally away from the head in the middle or lower part of the back of the neck, hold the skin of the midline of the neck with the thumb and index finger and lift it up to form a sac, pay attention to pinch the skin, not just pinch the feather, and ensure that the needle is inserted under the skin to prevent the drug from being injected into the body. Intramuscular injection, with the wings against the shoulder hairless chest muscle is better, should be oblique forward into the needle, in case of insertion into the liver or chest caused by an accident; can also be injected into the leg, the chicken thigh without blood vessels is the best. ③ was used for mixing materials and drinking water. The dosage is accurate, the course of treatment should be sufficient, the dosage is too small, can not reach the effective concentration, too large, the body is difficult to bear, resulting in poisoning and increasing the cost at the same time. The course of treatment usually takes 3 mi for 5 days, and it is not advisable to stop the drug prematurely and lead to recurrence. Medicine for mixing: it is suitable for drugs that are insoluble in water; it is best to take medicine in the morning, if in the afternoon, stop feeding for 2 hours before use; the amount of medicine should be sure that every chicken can eat it, and after the medicine is finished, stop for 2 hours before feeding to the full price. The medicine should be mixed evenly, after weighing the medicine for a day, first mix 5 jin of feed with the medicine, then mix well with 10 jin of material, so many times, and finally mix to the required amount of feed. Drinking water medicine a: stop water for 4 hours first, if the hot season, the chicken age is older, the water suspension time can be shorter, to make the chicken have a certain thirst, if the chicken no longer drink water, then achieve the purpose of treatment, another injection or administration; drinking buckets should be sufficient, so that more than 80% of chickens can drink water at the same time, the water quality should be clean when preparing medicine, first put medicine in large buckets and mix well, and then evenly pack buckets. To ensure that the potion can only be drunk within 2 hours, pay attention to the potion not to be put in the sun as far as possible; b: drugs added to drinking water can only be water-soluble drugs, drugs that are insoluble or slightly soluble in water, and drugs that are easy to be destroyed and deteriorated in the water, it is forbidden to give them in the way of drinking water, so as not to affect the efficacy or poisoning, such as dysentery, etc.; when throwing antibiotics in drinking water, it must be used now.