Current production management technology of spring tea

Early exploitation and early listing of spring tea, so as to increase the output and output value of spring tea, is the key to increase the income of tea farmers in the tea industry. Combined with the reality of tea production in Fuyang City, before spring tea mining, we should mainly do a good job in tea garden fertilization, tea tree pruning, freezing injury prevention, tea factory tea machine maintenance and so on.

1. Shallow ploughing and fertilization. Through shallow ploughing, the soil can be loosened, the soil temperature can be increased, and the early development of spring tea can be promoted. The shallow tillage time is generally carried out from the end of February to the beginning of March. When shallow ploughing is combined with spring tea sprouting fertilizer, spring tea sprouting fertilizer and base fertilizer were applied at the same time in the tea garden without base fertilizer last autumn and winter. The amount of fertilizer applied depends on the tea yield. Generally, 300 kg vegetable cake is used as base fertilizer for tea gardens with 100 kg famous and high quality tea per mu in the whole year, and 50 kg urea is added as topdressing fertilizer. Fertilization time: the early varieties were applied before the end of February, and the middle and late varieties were applied from the end of February to the beginning of March. Fertilization method: it is appropriate to apply and cover the soil after shallow ploughing in the tea garden (ditch depth 3-5 cm) to prevent fertilizer volatilization and loss. If throwing is used in too dense tea garden, it must be carried out before cloudy and rainy days, otherwise it is easy to burn tea leaves and loss of fertilizer.

2. Tea tree pruning. In order to pick early and more famous and high-quality tea, the general adult tea garden changes pruning before spring tea to pruning after spring tea, and the pruning time is generally carried out before May 20, which should be carried out sooner rather than later, otherwise the growth of tea trees will be affected. For the young tea garden of improved clone varieties, we should pay attention to the stereotyped pruning of tea trees during the spring tea period, and top them on the basis of fixed shearing, so as to cultivate the crown quickly and form a flat picking surface. Pruning method: the first stereotyped pruning is carried out when the tea seedlings are transplanted and planted, the main branches are cut off 15-20 cm from the ground, and the second trimming is carried out from the end of February to the beginning of March in the second year after the tea seedlings are planted, generally 30-35 cm from the ground. The third trimming is carried out in the third year after planting, 45-50 cm off the ground, spring tea is supplemented by top picking, generally spring tea is better to leave two leaves.

3. Beware of frost injury in spring. The spring snow in March last year damaged the production of Zaosheng tea garden in our city, especially the Wuniu early variety tea garden suffered heavy losses, so preventing snow freezing or "late spring cold" became an important work during the spring tea period. Prevention and control methods: ⑴ cover anti-frost, cover the surface and tea line with straw, weeds, sunshade net, plastic film and so on before the cold wave comes, to promote the rise of the ground temperature of the tea garden and reduce the frost effect of the tea garden; the amount of grass paving is more than 1500 kg per mu, it is appropriate not to expose the ground; the cover of the tea garden covered with the air temperature above 0 ℃ or sunny weather should be removed in time. The method of ⑵ smoke and anti-freezing is to ignite the turf heap set on the edge of the introverted and well-located tea garden on a rainless and sunny evening before the arrival of the night frost, so as to spread the smoke and reduce the radiation heat at night, which can effectively prevent the harm of the night frost to the tea garden. ⑶ soil heat preservation, strengthen tea garden fertilizer management, apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase guest soil, thicken living soil layer, and establish shelterbelt at the windward mouth of tea garden.

4. Configuration and maintenance of tea machine. Before spring tea, it is necessary to do a good job in the mechanical configuration of the tea factory, the maintenance of the tea machine and the cleanliness of the factory, so as to ensure a clean environment for tea processing to prevent pollution in the process of tea stir-frying.