Antler harvesting technique of deer

Pilose antler is an unossified tender horn growing on the forehead of male deer, which has a variety of pharmacological effects. it is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine. There are many kinds of deer antler. Chinese Pharmacopoeia only recognizes sika velvet antler and red deer antler. Timely harvesting of velvet antler is an important link in the production process of deer production, which directly affects the economic benefits of deer production. In this paper, the author introduces the antler harvesting technology of sika deer and red deer. According to the different requirements of harvesting antler, the harvested velvet antler includes two-bar antler of plum blossom, decapitated antler and saw antler of Sanquan antler, Sanquan antler of red deer, decapitated antler of Siquan antler and pot antler. According to the different methods of Baoding when collecting antler, it can be divided into mechanical Baoding and drug Baoding (the practical application of the combination of mechanical and drug Baoding is less).

First, the preparation work before harvesting antler 1. Personnel preparation professional deer farm is generally composed of deputy field leader in charge of production, captain of antler processing team, captain of deer team, technician and experienced processing personnel to observe the growth of velvet antler in the field every day and know the timing of antler harvest in order to harvest antler in time. 2. The field (household) where the equipment and articles are ready to be collected by mechanical maintenance method should carry out a comprehensive overhaul of the semi-automatic splint retainer (suspension ring) in the field so that it can be in a normal working state. Prepare saw antler saw, anesthetic, hemostatic, technical training of pilose antler processing personnel and equipment needed for processing pilose antler. 3. to grasp the exact time to harvest antler, the specification of antler should be determined according to the information of market demand, and at the same time, the output of antler should be considered. The price of antler is expensive, but the output is low; although the price of antler is lower than that of antler, the yield is high. therefore, when collecting antler, we should comprehensively consider the growth and output of pilose antler while considering the market demand, and decide whether to collect two-bar antler or three-right antler. When sawing sika deer head, it mainly takes two-lever antler; when two-sawing, it generally takes two-lever antler, but if sika deer head saw can produce two-lever antler with fresh weight above 0.5k8, second saw can consider receiving three-weight antler. The stag with more than three saws mainly collect the antler of the three rights. Red deer generally do not receive lotus antler (equivalent to sika deer two bars), mainly receive Sanquan antler, individual antler grows well, vigorous antler can be considered to receive Siquan antler. When collecting antler, pay attention to observe the situation of the mouth and root of the antler. If the mouth of the antler is stout, fat and tender, the growth is exuberant, and the root of the antler does not show the shape of cucumber and mange peel, you can consider receiving a big mouth, on the contrary, you should accept a small mouth.

Second, the main methods of deer Baoding deer are mechanical Baoding and drug Baoding, but the combination of mechanical Baoding and drug Baoding is not widely used in the actual antler harvest in the field. 1. The main equipment of mechanical Baoding is a semi-automatic splint retainer (hanging ring), which is composed of a channel connected with the enclosure and the retainer, which has multiple blocking doors and a disc turnstile. When the deer is dialed into the channel, the deer to be sawed can be pushed into the retainer through these structures to give Baoding. It takes nine people to finish the work. 2. The drug Baoding method of drug Baoding mainly uses anesthetics to anesthetize the deer to make the deer in a coma to achieve the purpose of Baoding. There are two kinds of anesthetics commonly used in the process of Baoding saw antler, namely Scolin and Mianaining. Scolin anaesthetized Baoding. The use of succinylcholine chloride (succinylcholine chloride) began abroad in the mid-1950s. Because the effective braking capacity of the drug is very close to the toxic dose, it is easy to be poisoned, resulting in the death of deer during anesthesia. The application of Scolin anaesthesia Baoding should pay attention to the following points. The body weight of deer (sika deer 0.07-0.10mg/k8, red deer o.065-0.09m8/lg) should be estimated before medication, and the dosage should be accurately determined. It is best to use the best dose at one time, and never supplement the needle after the first dose is insufficient, so as to avoid anesthetic poisoning. Before taking medicine, it is necessary to stabilize the deer herd and prevent the deer from running around in panic, causing adverse reactions and even breaking the pilose antler. The best drug injection site is the deer's neck and arm, in order to promote drug absorption. When the deer falls to the ground, the head should be fixed in time to prevent damage to the antler and lie down in the shade at the same time. When anti-saw antler bleeds too much, put the deer head high, do not saw antler immediately after the deer pour, observe when the deer heart beats faster, the blood circulation is exuberant, wait to wake up before saw antler, and pay attention to stop bleeding. After the deer was anesthetized. Attention should be paid to observing the changes of tongue, eyes and breathing to prevent poisoning and death. Miannai Ning anesthetized Baoding. Mianaining is a kind of special effect braking aid for deer (1.52.0ml/100kg, red deer 1.2-1.5ml/100kg) developed recently. It has high anesthetic speed and antidotes Huisuling No. 3 and No. 4. It is widely used, safe and effective, but the following points should be paid attention to when it is used: 1. It is prohibited when suffering from severe parenchyma organ disease, full food and excited state after strenuous exercise. 2. When fasting condition is used, the head and neck of deer should be raised to prevent rumen contents from overflowing and accidentally inhaling the lungs. 3. When used in the high temperature season, the antidote should be used as a safety guarantee, and the deer will be more tolerant to the drug under severe cold conditions. 4. The drug has a severe effect, and it is strictly forbidden to misuse the human body. 5. The drug is a chemical preservative and should be strictly managed and used by professionals, and pay attention to anti-theft and illegal crimes.

Saw antler technology 1. Saw antler time is in the middle of summer because of the whole antler harvest season. On the basis of testing the deer to be harvested in the evening of the day before, the saw antler is fed early the next morning, when the deer is empty and the environment is quiet. It is convenient for the recovery of saw antler deer and the processing of antiseptic and drying of saw antler. 2. After the saw antler part deer Baoding, use a special antler saw at the upper side of the pearl plate 1.5-2.0cm under the saw, the saw blade plane is parallel to the pearl plate, do not damage the angular base, and then lead to the destruction of the raw antler foundation. The sawed velvet antler is weighed and registered and sent to the processing room for processing. 3. Hemostatic drugs. The commonly used hemostatic drugs are ① Qili powder and zinc chloride in half, mixed evenly into powder and set aside. ② 7% powder, loess stir-fried, grind into powder and set aside. Hemostatic method: divide the hemostatic into uniform cloud fraction on the thick paper, after the saw antler, hold the thick paper by hand to buckle the medicine on the saw, then apply the medicine evenly on the saw with hand twisting and pressing. When individual deer bleed seriously, the hemostatic can be twisted and pressed evenly at the saw mouth, the small plastic sheet covered saw blade is ligated with grass rope to stop bleeding, and the plastic sheet and fine grass rope are removed within 24 hours to prevent excessive time from causing horn base necrosis and loss of antler ability. After the saw antler is finished, the deer in Baoding by mechanical Baoding method, release the retainer and let the deer out. Siklin anaesthesia method deer only let it wake up naturally, sleep Nai Ning anesthetized deer can be used to revive the spirit Cui, can also make it wake up naturally.