Propagation and Greening Application of Celastrus angustifolia

Uncaria przewalskii, also known as Uncaria przewalskii, is a deciduous vine of the genus Celastrus of the family Celastraceae.

1 Botanical characteristics

Lianas shrubs, tufted or solitary, creeping or twining trunk ascending, 10-15 m long, bark reddish brown, greenish when young. Branchlets smooth, with hard hooks, long 1.5~2.5mm. Branchlets with short hooked spiny stipules, curved downward. Leaves alternate, elliptic, ovate or rounded, long 4~8cm, wide 3~5cm, apex broad, mucronate or very shortly acuminate, base narrowed, margin ciliate serrulate or serrate, teeth often hard spiny; lateral veins 4-5 pairs, with sparse short hairs or subglabrous on main veins. Petiole slender, flowers often solitary, Cymes axillary, 1-5-flowered or more, inflorescences subsessile or pedunculate 1~2mm, disk shallowly cup-shaped, apical subtruncate, petals spatulate-oblong, flowers yellowish green; capsule oblate, 2~8mm in diameter, 3-valved at maturity; seeds subellipsoid, ca. 3mm, yellowish brown, flowering in May-June, month, fruit maturity August-September.

2 biological characteristics

The south snake rattan is yin-tolerant, widely distributed, cold-resistant and drought-resistant, and is lax in soil requirements. Happy to live in shady and wet places, often born in valleys, riparian low wetlands of forest margins or shrubs. It is native to Xiaoxinganling and Zhangguangcailing Mountains in Heilongjiang Province, and is also distributed in Liaoning, Jilin and North China.

Uncaria przewalskii has luxuriant branches and leaves, the leaves turn golden in autumn, and the capsule cracks to reveal red aril-wrapped seeds, similar to safflower, which is an excellent scaffolding and vertical greening material. Naturally resistant to shade and like dampness, it is suitable for planting under the forest and on the bank, and can also be shaped and trimmed into shrubs for vertical greening of rockery, embankments and walls. Due to less development and utilization, it is still in a natural wild state, and it is not only a valuable native tree species for urban three-dimensional greening in northern areas, but also a kind of medicinal plant.

3Propagation technology

Under natural conditions, Celastrus angustifolia is propagated by seeds and tillers. Sowing, ramet and cutting propagation can be used under artificial conditions.

3.1 sowing and raising seedlings

It is better to sow and raise seedlings in spring. The seeds are collected from September to October, dried in the shade and removed from the outer seed coat, and stored in a breathable bag in a cool and dry place. Stratification treatment was carried out in the middle and last ten days of February, then soaked in 45 ℃ warm water, fully stirred, cooled naturally, changed clean water twice a day, 2 days later, the seeds were removed and dried, soaked in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour, washed with clean water and controlled dry. According to the volume ratio of seed ∶ sand to 1 ∶ 3, the seed is mixed with fine sand, and the water content of the sand is kept at 60% (kneading and falling to the ground). It is appropriate to store the sand in a 0-5 ℃ environment for about 45 days. 15 days before sowing, put the seeds treated by sand storage indoors or in a leeward direction, keep them 10: 15 ℃, turn them once or twice at noon every day, and if they germinate slowly, they can be covered with plastic film to keep warm and moisturizing. When the seed has more than 1 beat 3 "white", it can be sown. Using bed or ridge cultivation, strip sowing is better, meticulous soil preparation, mixed sand sowing at the density of 400,500 grains per square meter, covered with soil 1cm. In order to improve the speed of seed germination, plastic film was covered on the sowing bed, the plastic film was removed after emergence, the seedlings came out in 3-4 weeks, grass was pulled and watered in time, liquid fertilizer was applied three times, and phosphorus and potash fertilizer was applied mainly in autumn. Before freezing, it is necessary to pour anti-freezing water, bury the soil 5cm to survive the winter, and transplant seedlings or apply greening next spring.

3.2 Cuttage seedling

All the branches of Celastrus przewalskii can be cut and rooted, but the rooting effect of tender branches is the best. From July to August, combined with pruning, semi-lignified branches were selected and cut into cuttings with long 10~12cm length, the lower leaves were removed, the upper 1-2 leaves were left, and 50 bundles were tied, and the lower incisions were aligned and dipped in 5 × 10~5NAA solution for 30 minutes. Spread fine sand 10cm thick in greenhouse or nursery box, disinfect with chlorothalonil, scrape the bed surface, punch holes with bamboo stick, hole distance 3 × 3cm, insert cuttings into seedling bed, deep 5~6cm, spray water, cover plastic film to moisturize, shade 60% with shading net, control temperature at 21: 23 ℃, spray water 3 times a day, rooting in 12-14 days, remove cover film after rooting, see light moderately, spray foliar fertilizer in the later stage. To promote the growth of aboveground parts, it can also be cultured in a bowl.

(4) Greening application

Tripterygium wilfordii has strong natural viability, natural creeping and climbing ability, but it is rarely used in greening. The author has been applied in campus greening since 1990 and achieved good results. The main application methods are as follows:

4.1 the ground is cultivated

Celastrus angustifolia not only likes to be wet but also resistant to drought, has a strong adaptability, and has a very good effect in covering exposed land such as embankment, waterside, slope and so on. Because of the strong natural creeping ability, it can cover the surface quickly, and a large number of adventitious roots can be produced at the same time, and the effect of soil consolidation and slope protection is better than that of Dijin. The planting density of the ground is determined according to the seedling age, 2-year-old seed seedlings or 1-year-old cutting seedlings can cover the surface of the ground for 2 years according to the plant and row spacing of 40 × 40cm, and if the density is increased to 20 × 20cm, it can cover the surface of the ground in the same year. Weed in time after planting without pruning to prevent fire in autumn and winter. If the ground cover has been covered for more than 5 years, it can be re-cut and thinned, or combined with cutting pruning in summer to reduce the cover thickness. Because of its tight cover and dense thorns, this kind of ground cover is used cautiously in primary school campuses, kindergartens and other scenes.

4.2 three-dimensional greening

Celastrus angustifolia has strong natural climbing ability, climbing by twig winding and stipule hook, close attachment, strong wind resistance, stable three-dimensional greening effect, green new leaves, golden autumn leaves, fruit cracking and red aril exposed to frost. it has high ornamental value. Bao Nan Snake vine can be arranged with all kinds of scaffolding, walls, pile scenes, etc., the wall needs to be arranged with climbing objects, other forms of self-climbing. At the initial stage of scaffolding planting, the direction of manual traction should be appropriate to make it climb upward as soon as possible. In order to form a scene quickly, large seedlings with a height of more than 2m of the main vine should be selected for planting. The annual growth of the surviving seedlings can reach 1m to 2m, which can become a scene quickly. Uncaria przewalskii has a good greening effect in fence or protective wall, which can not only beautify the wall but also be a kind of protective material. At the initial stage of climbing, you need to pull a wire or nailwood lath every 30cm on the wall to provide an attachment point for the branch hook climbing. After the fixed branch reaches the top of the wall, you can climb naturally and trim the shape moderately every year. Scaffolding greening, which needs moderate pruning every year, needs to be renewed from the bottom after the branches are too dense, leaving a long vine at the top, and all the others are cut off.

4.3 shrub cultivation

After shaping and pruning management, Celastrus angustifolia can be cultivated in shrub type, which can form all kinds of modeling effects, such as spherical shape, umbrella shape, scattered shape, drape shape and so on. In the seedling stage, it is necessary to artificially set up the pillar upward traction, in the growing period combined with heart picking to promote lateral branches, while accumulating nutrition to thicken the trunk, so that the trunk can stand upright naturally. The 20~30cm of the trunk can be increased every year. In order to improve the thickness of the trunk, 3-5 seedlings are bundled together in the first planting, and the trunk can reach about lm in 3 years. In summer, the branches that grow too fast should be pruned in time to prevent the overlap of two branches, reduce the main branches and promote side branches, so as to make the crown complete. The drape shape needs to be guided by bamboo pole or iron wire at the top. After the branches are wooded, the new branches will sag naturally.

4.4 points for attention in cultivation

Celastrus angustifolia plants grow vigorously and like to be moist, but there can be no stagnant water in the planting site. Because of the strong entanglement and covering ability, if there are other trees around it, they should be checked at any time to prevent them from being attached to it, but some dead trees can be used to re-play their greening effect. The diseases and insect pests of Uncaria przewalskii are mainly diamondback moth and red spider. if there is any occurrence, it can be sprayed with 1000 times of phoxim EC, and the effect is better.