Discussion on the technology of increasing the output of high-grade tea

With the development of China's economy, the improvement of people's living standards and the deepening of opening up to the outside world, high-grade tea is more and more favored by the market, and the sales volume is increasing year by year. Therefore, how to improve the output of high-grade tea has become an important research topic in tea production. For this reason, the author has carried on many aspects of technical discussion, explored some experience, and achieved good results. The main links are introduced as follows

1 strengthen the fertilization of tea garden in autumn and winter

Apply sufficient base fertilizer in winter, increase the application of available nitrogen fertilizer, and give full play to the spring effect of fertilizer to make spring tea with high quality and high yield. Usually, available nitrogen fertilizer is mainly used as budding fertilizer before spring tea picking, but not in autumn and winter. According to relevant reports, more than 80% of the nutrients needed for spring tea, especially nitrogen nutrition, come from the nitrogen absorbed and stored by tea trees in the autumn and winter of the previous year. Therefore, the sufficient application of fertilizer in autumn and winter is the basis for increasing the yield of spring tea, while the budding fertilizer before spring tea is absorbed and utilized by less than 13% of spring tea. Therefore, in order to increase the high-grade tea in spring, we must take the spring tea as the nitrogen fertilizer applied in the ditch, and extract part of it to apply the base fertilizer in autumn and winter last year. In this way, on the basis of sufficient base fertilizer, combined with the application of some available nitrogen fertilizer, and then some of the available nitrogen fertilizer was sprayed on the leaves in spring, so as to improve the utilization rate of available nitrogen fertilizer in spring tea, and the effect of increasing yield was obvious.

(2) pruning before changing spring tea to pruning after autumn tea to promote early and multiple occurrence of tea buds in spring.

With light pruning before spring tea, the wound suffered by tea trees is difficult to heal and the growth is inhibited, which delays the germination of spring tea and reduces the germination point, which affects the yield of spring tea, especially the yield of high-grade tea. On the other hand, it is changed to light pruning after autumn tea, so that tea trees have plenty of time to heal wounds and restore vitality, which can promote early and multiple buds and fat buds in spring, which is conducive to the production of high-grade spring tea. The production practice has proved that by changing the light pruning before spring tea to light pruning after autumn tea, the mining period of spring tea can be advanced by 5-7 days, and the output of spring tea can be increased by more than 10%. Light pruning after picking autumn tea must be carried out after the growth of the aboveground part of the tea tree stops, but it should not be too late, and it will end by late October at the latest.

(3) carry out delicate picking and pick as soon as you see the bud, so as to directly increase the output of high-grade tea.

The traditional picking method is to pick when 10% to 15% of the bud leaves in the tea garden meet the picking standard, and to pick again after being stored for a period of time. In order to increase the output of high-grade tea, it is necessary to emancipate the mind, break the traditional picking mode, do not engage in "big picking", carry out delicate picking, and pick as soon as the bud is seen, that is, "one bud emerges and picks the next one in time". Willing to invest more labor in touring horse picking in the tea garden every day, as much as possible to produce some high-grade famous and quality tea, although the output of tea is lower than that of rough picking in the past, but the output value and income have greatly increased.

4 to do a good job in the comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The tea garden was cleaned in late autumn and early winter, and 0.5 Baomedo stone sulfur mixture was sprayed to seal the garden, so as to reduce the overwintering base of diseases and pests, and prevent the harm of small green leafhopper, tea aphid and tea inchworm to tender shoots in early spring tea. If it occurs, it should be controlled in time combined with diligent harvesting to avoid pesticide control.