Management of mulberry, tea and fruit in autumn and winter

1. Winter mulberry field management to do a good job in mulberry field management in winter is not only to lay a good foundation for mulberry growth in the coming year, but also an important measure to improve mulberry yield and quality.

1. Clear the garden: after the mulberry leaves fall, all the residual leaves and weeds in the mulberry garden are collected for composting or burning, so as to eliminate the pathogens and overwintering pests hidden in mulberry leaves and weeds.

2. End: before turning in winter, tying mulberry strips with straw is not only beneficial to turning and fertilizing in winter, but also can lure pests to sneak into the bunch of grass to survive the winter.

3. Winter turning: the depth of turning the soil is about 20 centimeters. Do not break the soil after turning, and let it weathered naturally, which is helpful to improve the physical and chemical properties and improve the soil fertility.

4. Winter fertilizer: it is better to apply organic fertilizer to household miscellaneous fertilizer, which is applied in ditch or hole.

5. Pruning: pruning can increase the germination rate, reduce flowers and fruits, diseases and increase the yield of mulberry leaves. The pruning time is from late December to early January, and the horizontal pruning method is suitable, cutting off the length of the strip from 4 to 5.

6. Pruning: before the sap flows, the mulberry is pruned from disease and insect pests, twigs, dead punches and dead stakes, and burned to prevent the latent and spread of diseases and insect pests.

II. Winter management of tea trees

The main results are as follows: 1. Spray the whole body of tea tree with 0.4-0.5 Baume stone sulfur mixture to seal the garden.

2. For hole application or furrow rotten cake fertilizer 150kg, or tea special compound fertilizer 100kg, it is required to finish the application of base fertilizer in November.

3. Combined with fertilization, the weeds on the edge of the garden can be removed and the overwintering habitat of pests can be reduced.

4. Good varieties should be selected in the tea garden, such as deep trench, deep application of basic fertilizer, double-row single-plant planting, low hole cultivation, low fixed cutting, and strive to finish planting this winter and next spring.

Third, the autumn and winter management of fruit trees is currently in the deciduous period of peaches, pears and grapes. Fruit growers should strengthen the management of orchards.

1. Carry out a comprehensive cleaning of the orchard, clean the old bark of the trunk, repair large wounds, trim the branches of diseases and insect pests, fruits, immature branches and withered branches, and take them out of the orchard for deep burial or concentrated burning. the "necessary" spraying of the main stem and branches were carried out to sterilize and disinfect the orchard in order to reduce the number of diseases and insect pests in the following year. The fallen leaves can be buried in the orchard as fertilizer. If the hardened orchards with heavy soil viscosity and orchards without improvement and fertilization from September to October should be applied as far as possible before freezing (that is, before the end of November). Loose soil material (rice chaff, sawdust, etc.) plus mature organic fertilizer (such as Lijiang brand organic fertilizer) can be applied to the soil, attention should be paid to minimize the damage to the root system of fruit trees, and water should be applied in time after fertilization. In addition, the cleaning and reconstruction of ditches should be strengthened.

2. Thinning should be strengthened in orchards with strong trees and close planting. If it is a hedge grape, it can be changed to a horizontal scaffolding to avoid overpruning and causing the fruit trees to continue to grow in the coming year. Fruit growers should establish the idea of reducing yield and quality, and determine the yield of high-quality fruit, which is calculated by the unit effective leaf area (that is, the leaf area that can produce photosynthesis), rather than based on the number of fruit trees per mu.

3. Fruit tree pruning in winter should follow the basic principles of fruit tree pruning: clear primary and secondary, clear main branch and leading branch, reasonable arrangement of lateral branch and fruiting branch group, uniform distribution and appropriate distance. The degree of pruning depends on the situation of the tree, the prosperous tree should be cut and put gently, pull the tree shape, reduce the amount of pruning and ease the tree potential. Old and weak trees should be retracted and pruned to reinvigorate the tree. The aim is to achieve a balance between tree potential and fruit.