Causes and countermeasures of dead mushroom

Too much reproduction algebra of mycelium aging dead mushroom, or too high production temperature, improper preservation and long storage period can lead to mycelium degeneration and senescence, decline of vitality, insufficient accumulation of nutrients in the body and atrophy and death of mushroom buds. Countermeasures: high-quality bacteria should be selected and contaminated bacteria should be eliminated in time; conditions suitable for mycelium growth and development should be created; indoor cleanliness, fresh air and high temperature culture should be strictly prevented; bacteria should be used as far as possible and should not be preserved for a long time.

In the early stage of mushroom emergence, the temperature of the greenhouse is more than 20 ℃, resulting in the evaporation of water in the mushroom bed and the acceleration of the metabolism of the mushroom body, the lack of water and nutrition supply, and poor ventilation, which can cause the small mushroom buds to wither and die due to lack of nutrition and moisture. Countermeasures: during the mushroom period, we should pay close attention to the changes of the weather, adjust the greenhouse temperature according to the air temperature, strengthen ventilation, and strictly prevent the phenomenon of high temperature in the shed.

Poor ventilation in the dead mushroom shed for a long time, the metabolic heat of the mushroom fruiting body development can not be discharged rapidly, which will cause insufficient oxygen and excessive carbon dioxide concentration (more than 0.1%), thus affecting the normal growth and development of the fruiting body, resulting in the death of some young mushrooms. If the high temperature is encountered again, the phenomenon of dead mushrooms is more serious. Countermeasures: pay attention to frequent ventilation in the mushroom shed (usually 2-3 times a day). When the temperature is high, ventilation should be carried out in the morning and evening or at night.

Improper spraying water did not replenish the dead mushroom cover soil layer in time, and excessive spraying of mushroom water or mushroom preservation water could make the mushroom bud die. Countermeasures: in the mushroom emergence stage, when the white fruiting body has the size of rice grains, the water spraying must be light, the fog droplets should be fine, the amount of water should be less, and strictly prevent infiltration into the material; when the fruiting body grows to the size of soybean grains, the amount of water spraying can be slightly increased and the number of times of water spraying can be increased appropriately. At the same time, pay attention to avoid spraying closing water, after each spray should immediately carry out indoor air circulation, in order to reduce excessive humidity.

The suitable pH value for mycelial growth of Pleurotus ostreatus is 6-8. During the period of mushroom emergence, if the pH value of soil covering and spraying water is less than 5 or more than 9, the mushroom bud will die. Countermeasures: the preparation of culture material and covering soil should be carried out according to the requirements, and the pH of culture material and covering soil should be tested first when spraying water, and then the pH of spraying water should be reasonably determined according to the test results to prevent it from being too high or too low.

Common diseases such as leaf spot, dry rot, red spider, fecal fly, gall mosquito and so on can cause death or reduce the quality of mushroom. In addition, excessive use of drugs in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests will also lead to dead mushroom countermeasures: in production, we should adhere to the comprehensive control principle of "giving priority to prevention and control, supplemented by chemicals", prevent diseases and pests from being brought into the mushroom bed with the culture material, and eliminate the sources of diseases and insect pests in the covered soil. thoroughly remove the pathogenic bacteria and pests in the mushroom shed, and create environmental conditions suitable for mushroom growth. After the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, diseased mushrooms and dead mushrooms should be removed in time, and drugs should be used to prevent and control them so as not to spread.

The first and second tide of mushroom picking is too dense, and some small mushrooms will die due to vibration or mechanical damage during mushroom picking. Countermeasures: when picking mushrooms, the action should be light and thin, in order to avoid man-made injury.