Cultivation and management techniques of zinnia

Hundred-day grass-annual herbs, like light, temperature, more like moisture, tolerance-determined drought, strong sex, cultivated soil requires loose, fertile. The soil is barren and too dry, which will directly affect the number, color and diameter of flowers.

Although there are differences in height among varieties of zinnia, the average height is controlled between 20-30 cm. It is not only suitable for flower beds and flower borders, but also an excellent material in art. Sowing and raising seedlings: about 125,300,300 and 1500 seeds per gram of large flower type, medium flower type and multi-flower type respectively. The largest amount is used in flower beds, flower decorations and flower mirrors during the National Day. It is appropriate to control the sowing time from June to July, but autumn sowing is not adopted because of the influence of temperature and other factors, which have a definite effect on flower color and plant shape. The sowing medium is relatively loose, bed sowing and disk sowing can be used, and if possible, it can also be raised with a hole tray. The medium requires a ph value of 5.8-6.2 and an EC value of 0.75. After disinfection, the sowing medium can be kept at 22-24 degrees Celsius and the seedlings will emerge in 3-5 days.

The first stage:

Three days after sowing, the radicle is on display, and the wet degree of the medium should be relatively dry-point, too moist, easy to cause seed rot. However, it is very important to maintain moisture and sufficient oxygen around the seeds at this stage, so covering-thin layer of coarse vermiculite or loose ridge bran ash after sowing is very beneficial to seed germination, and the thickness of the cover is not found. Open seedlings must be covered with shade nets to ensure humidity and lower temperature (if sowing in the germination chamber, appropriate supplementary light can be given). No fertilizer is needed at this stage.

The following phase:

Keep the soil relatively moist, neither too wet nor too dry, too wet can easily cause disease, too dry will lead to wilting of seedlings. At this time, the main root grows to 1-2 cm, the cotyledons unfold, and the true leaves begin to grow, and the seedlings can gradually see light. Fertilization can be started, using 0.05% urea or 50ppm20-10-20 water-soluble fertilizer, n can promote vegetative growth.

The third stage:

When the seedlings enter the rapid growth period, the water management should be strengthened and the circulation process from dry to wet to dry should be carried out, which is beneficial to the root growth of seedlings and can also avoid overgrowth. At this stage, attention should be paid to pest control, 0.1% urea or compound fertilizer can be applied properly, and the proportion of n-p-k can be 15-15-15 (or according to the market supply, the n, k content can be slightly higher. P content can be on the low side). If the conditions permit, the temperature of the medium and environment should be reduced to about 20 degrees Celsius, but it is difficult to control the temperature when sowing in the protected area of the bed. at this stage, full light environment is needed, otherwise it is easy to cause the seedlings to grow. According to the growth trend of the seedling stage, the moisture should be controlled properly. Pay attention to the ventilation of the environment to prevent diseases. Chlorothalonil or methyl topiramate was sprayed every other week or so. If overgrowth occurs at this stage, b9 should be sprayed immediately to control the height. Cultivation techniques of zinnia

Like light, like temperature, more like moisture, but also can withstand a certain drought, strong sex, cultivated soil requires loose, fertile. The soil is barren and too dry, which will directly affect the number, color and diameter of flowers. The 100-day grass pot cultivation used for large-scale commercial production generally uses seed propagation, and occasionally producers use cutting propagation in order to reduce production costs, but the quality can not meet certain requirements. The main varieties used in production are large flower double "dream", "short branch"; multi-flower single petal "first-class gold", "crystal", "star" and so on; medium flower single petal "abundant" series. Its optional colors are red, rose, pink, yellow, white, orange and so on. Although there are differences in height among varieties of zinnia, they are generally controlled between 20-30cm. It is not only suitable for use in flower beds and flower borders, but also an excellent material in art.

Sowing and raising seedlings: about 125,300,300 and 1500 seeds per gram of large flower type, medium flower type and multi-flower type respectively. The largest amount is used in flower beds, flower decorations and flower mirrors during the National Day. The sowing time is generally controlled from June to July, and autumn sowing is also carried out, but due to the influence of temperature and other factors, it has a certain impact on flower color and plant shape, so autumn sowing is generally not used. The sowing medium adopts relatively loose artificial medium, such as bed sowing and disk sowing, and burrowing plate can also be used to raise seedlings under certain conditions. The pH value of the medium is 5.8mur6.2 and the EC value is 0.75.After disinfection, the sowing medium can be kept at 22 ℃, and the seedlings will emerge in 5 days.

The first stage: 3 days after sowing, the radicle is on display, the degree of wetness of the medium should be relatively dry, too moist, easy to cause seed rot. However, it is very important to maintain moisture and sufficient oxygen around the seeds at this stage, so it is very beneficial to seed germination to cover with a thin layer of coarse vermiculite or loose ridge ash after sowing. Open seedlings must be covered with shade nets to ensure humidity and lower temperature (if sowing in the germination chamber, appropriate supplementary light can be given). No fertilizer is needed at this stage.

The second stage: keep the soil relatively moist, neither too wet nor too dry, too wet can easily cause disease, too dry will lead to seedling wilting. At this time, the main root grows to 1-2cm, the cotyledons unfold, and the first pair of true leaves begin to grow, and the seedlings can gradually see light. Fertilization can be started, generally using 0.05% urea or 50ppm20-10-20 water-soluble fertilizer, N can promote vegetative growth.

The third stage: when the seedlings enter the rapid growth period, the water management should be strengthened and the circulation process from dry to wet to dry should be carried out, which is beneficial to the root growth of seedlings and can also avoid overgrowth. At this stage, attention should be paid to pest control, 0.1% urea or compound fertilizer can be applied properly, and the proportion of N-P-K can be 15-15-15 (or according to the market supply, the content of N and K can be slightly higher. P content can be on the low side. If the conditions permit, the temperature of the medium and environment should be reduced to about 20 ℃, but it is difficult to control the temperature when sowing under the condition of bed sowing, and the full light environment is needed at this stage, otherwise it is easy to cause seedlings to grow. According to the growth trend of the seedling stage, the moisture should be controlled properly. Pay attention to the ventilation of the environment to prevent diseases. Spray chlorothalonil or methyl topiramate every other week or so. If overgrowth occurs at this stage, B9 should be sprayed immediately to control the height.

The fourth stage: the root system has been well formed, when there are 3 pairs of true leaves, overgrowth occurs, B9 should be sprayed immediately to control height, temperature and humidity requirements are the same as the third stage, after the seedling stage, ready to transplant on the pot.

Transplanting / potting: when there are 2-pairs of true leaves, they can be transplanted into the pot; when there are 4 pairs of real leaves, they can also be planted directly on the pot. According to the requirements of plant height and plant diameter, the nutrition bowl of 12 × 13 is generally used, which can be put in place at one time, and there is no need to change the basin. The root system of hole-plate seedlings is less damaged and the transplant is easy to survive; for open seedlings, more mud should be carried out as much as possible, and the transplanting time should be carried out in the evening or cloudy days to improve the survival rate.

Light regulation: zinnia is a positive plant, growth and flowering require sufficient sunlight, lack of sunlight is easy to produce stem node length, affecting the ornamental effect. There is no need for shade during the whole growing period after potting.

Temperature control: although zinnia likes temperature, but under the extremely hot summer conditions, the growth potential is slightly weaker, the flowering effect is not ideal, and the optimum temperature for growth and flowering is 15 Mel 20 ℃.

The sowing date of zinnia is controlled in summer to prepare flowers for National Day. During the growth period, the high temperature above 35 ℃ generally will not affect the growth.

Cultivation management: when there are too many Rain Water in the rainy season, it is easy to cause excessive elongation of internodes. Attention should be paid to eliminating stagnant water and spraying B9 at an appropriate time.

Summer long sunny little rain, too dry, easy to cause the growth potential to weaken, affect the color, at this time should pay attention to water and fertilizer management. During the whole growth period, proper water control and dry humidity between basin and soil are beneficial to root development and height control. Potted fertilizer is usually applied once every 10 days, depending on the growth, top dressing can be carried out, 0.2% urea and compound fertilizer can be used at intervals, and urea will be stopped after one month. According to the growth condition after flowering, the interval of topdressing application of compound fertilizer can be prolonged appropriately. Because the lateral branches of zinnia have the habit of terminal bud flowering, if the natural growth is not controlled, the flowering site will be higher and higher, affecting the beautiful plant shape, timely coring before and after transplanting and controlling the plant shape. In general, 3 pairs of true leaves are retained in 2 Mel. Hundred-day grass can be pruned, but it grows poorly after pruning, so this method is generally not used.

Diseases and insect pests: the main diseases of zinnia are: seedling stage quenching disease, growing period bacterial wilt disease, stem rot disease, leaf spot disease; insect pests are: night moth, red spider, cabbage worm and so on.

Out-of-nursery quality: 13cm nutrition bowl is used in production, which can come out of the nursery before the first flower is in full bloom, and the crown width should be between 20-25cm, with full plant shape, neat and consistent flowering.

It is very easy to grow seedlings in the later stage of growth. in order to prevent overgrowth, one is to appropriately reduce the temperature and increase the ventilation rate; the second is to ensure adequate nutritional area and increase the row spacing; the third is to coring to promote the growth of axillary buds. It is generally carried out when the plant height is about 10 cm, leaving 4 pairs of true leaves to pick the heart. If you want to make the plant low and blossom, you often spray dwarfing agent when the axillary buds grow to about 3 cm after coring. If the seedlings are not only grown in the open field, you should also pick the heart in order to limit the height. Strong wind was released 7 days before planting to adapt to the environmental conditions in the open field.

The method of regulating the length of sunshine can be adopted to control the flowering period. Because it is a relatively short-day plant, the sunshine is longer than 14 hours, the flowering is delayed, it takes 70 days from sowing to flowering, and there are more tongue-shaped flowers; if the sunshine is less than 12 hours, the flowering is earlier, and it takes only 60 days from sowing to flowering, but more tubular flowers. In addition, the flowering period can also be controlled by adjusting the sowing time and coring time.

(reporter China Garden Network)

Cultivation and management techniques of zinnia annual herbs, like light, temperature, more like moisture, but also can withstand a certain drought, strong sex, cultivation soil requirements of loose, fertile. The soil is barren and too dry, which will directly affect the number, color and diameter of flowers. Although the height of zinnia varieties is different, it is generally controlled between 20-30cm. It is not only suitable for use in flower beds and flower borders, but also an excellent material in art. Sowing and raising seedlings: about 125,300,300 and 1500 seeds per gram of large flower type, medium flower type and multi-flower type respectively. The largest amount is used in flower beds, flower decorations and flower mirrors during the National Day. The sowing time is generally controlled from June to July, and autumn sowing is also carried out, but due to the influence of temperature and other factors, it has a certain impact on flower color and plant shape, so autumn sowing is generally not used. The sowing medium adopts relatively loose artificial medium, such as bed sowing and disk sowing, and burrowing plate can also be used to raise seedlings under some conditions. the medium requires a pH value of 5.8-6.2 and an EC value of 0.75. after disinfection, the sowing medium can be kept at 22-24 ℃ and the seedlings will emerge in 3-5 days. The first stage: 3 days after sowing, the radicle is on display, the degree of wetness of the medium should be relatively dry, too moist, easy to cause seed rot. However, it is very important to maintain moisture and sufficient oxygen around the seeds at this stage, so it is very beneficial to seed germination to cover with a thin layer of coarse vermiculite or loose ridge ash after sowing. Open seedlings must be covered with shade nets to ensure humidity and lower temperature (if sowing in the germination chamber, appropriate supplementary light can be given). No fertilizer is needed at this stage. The second stage: keep the soil relatively moist, neither too wet nor too dry, too wet can easily cause disease, too dry will lead to seedling wilting. At this time, the main root grows to 1-2cm, the cotyledons expand, and the first pair of true leaves begin to grow, and the seedlings can gradually see light. Fertilization can be started, generally using 0.05% urea or 50ppm20-10-20 water-soluble fertilizer, N can promote vegetative growth. The third stage: when the seedlings enter the rapid growth period, the water management should be strengthened and the circulation process from dry to wet to dry should be carried out, which is beneficial to the root growth of seedlings and can also avoid overgrowth. At this stage, attention should be paid to pest control, 0.1% urea or compound fertilizer can be applied properly, and the proportion of N-P-K can be 15-15-15 (or according to the market supply, the content of N and K can be slightly higher. P content can be on the low side. If the conditions permit, the temperature of the medium and environment should be reduced to about 20 ℃, but it is difficult to control the temperature when sowing under the condition of bed sowing, and the full light environment is needed at this stage, otherwise it is easy to cause seedlings to grow. According to the growth trend of the seedling stage, the moisture should be controlled properly. Pay attention to the ventilation of the environment to prevent diseases. Spray chlorothalonil or methyl topiramate every other week or so. If overgrowth occurs at this stage, B9 should be sprayed immediately to control the height. The fourth stage: the root system has been well formed, and when there are 3-4 pairs of true leaves, overgrowth occurs. B9 should be sprayed immediately to control the height, and the temperature and humidity requirements are the same as the third stage. After the seedling refining stage, it is ready to be transplanted into the pot. Transplant / upper basin: when there are 2-3 pairs of true leaves, they can be transplanted into the pot; if they are seeded on the plate or in the bed, they can also be put on the pot directly when there are 3-4 pairs of real leaves. According to the requirements of plant height and plant diameter, the nutrition bowl of 12 × 13 is generally used, which can be put in place at one time, and there is no need to change the basin. The root system of hole-plate seedlings is less damaged and the transplant is easy to survive; for open seedlings, more mud should be carried out as much as possible, and the transplanting time should be carried out in the evening or cloudy days to improve the survival rate. Light regulation: zinnia is a positive plant, growth and flowering require sufficient sunlight, lack of sunlight is easy to produce stem node length, affecting the ornamental effect. There is no need for shade during the whole growing period after potting. Temperature control: zinnia likes temperature, but under the extremely hot summer conditions, the growth potential is slightly weaker, the flowering effect is not ideal, and the optimum temperature for growth and flowering is 15-20 ℃. The sowing date of zinnia is controlled in summer to prepare flowers for National Day. During the growth period, the high temperature above 35 ℃ generally will not affect the growth. Cultivation management: when there are too many Rain Water in the rainy season, it is easy to cause excessive elongation of internodes, so attention should be paid to eliminating stagnant water and spraying B9 at an appropriate time; long sunny and little rain in summer, too dry, easy to weaken the growth potential and affect the color of flowers, water and fertilizer management should be paid attention to at this time. During the whole growth period, proper water control and dry humidity between basin and soil are beneficial to root development and height control. Potted fertilizer is usually applied once every 7-10 days, and topdressing can be carried out depending on the growth. 0.2% urea and compound fertilizer are used at intervals, and urea is stopped one month later. According to the growth condition after flowering, the interval of topdressing application of compound fertilizer can be prolonged appropriately. Because the lateral branches of zinnia have the habit of terminal bud flowering, if the natural growth is not controlled, the flowering site will be higher and higher, affecting the beautiful plant shape, timely coring before and after transplanting and controlling the plant shape. In general, 2-3 pairs of true leaves are retained. Hundred-day grass can be pruned, but it grows poorly after pruning, so this method is generally not used. Diseases and insect pests: the main diseases of zinnia are: seedling stage quenching disease, growing period bacterial wilt disease, stem rot disease, leaf spot disease; insect pests are: night moth, red spider, cabbage worm and so on.