The cultivation method and precautions of watermelon peel pepper grass

Ramet propagation

Can be carried out in the spring and autumn, select the plant with new buds at the root of the mother plant, combined with turning the basin to change the soil to take out the plant, shake off the attached soil, and use a sharp knife to cut the new bud potted plant according to the position of the new bud. When ramet, pay attention to protect the root system of the mother plant and the new bud. It can also be poured out and divided into several pots when the plant is full of pots. Cutting propagation can be divided into branches and leaves. (1) Branch insertion can be carried out in spring and summer. Strong branches are selected, scions of 5cm to 8cm are cut, lower leaves are removed, □ is dried and cut, and then inserted into wet sand bed. In the semi-shade, keep the temperature of 18-25 degrees Celsius, you can take root.

Leaf cuttings

Most of them are carried out from May to October. When inserting leaves, choose strong and full leaves, take off all the full leaves with petioles, take petioles of 2-3 cm, dry for 2-3 hours until the injured □ is slightly dry, and insert them obliquely in the sand bed or basin, the angle between the petiole and the seedling bed is 35 ~ 45 degrees, and the matrix is mixed with washed river sand with 20% vermiculite. Keep moist, put in semi-shade, 20-25 degrees Celsius, about 4-5 weeks can produce adventitious roots and buds, about 2 months can grow into seedlings. When the seedling grows to 4-5 cm, it is transplanted into the basin. But avoid the medium too wet, to avoid cuttings rot. Avoid covering with plastic film or glass when cutting, otherwise it is perishable.

2. Growth habits

The optimum temperature for the growth of watermelon and pepper grass is 20-28 ℃, but the growth is slow when it is over 30 ℃ and below 15 ℃. The cold resistance is poor, and the lowest indoor temperature should not be lower than 10 ℃ in winter, otherwise it is vulnerable to frost injury. Ramet and leaf cuttings are commonly used for propagation.

The culture soil mainly composed of rotten leaf soil should be selected for potted plants. Usually should be placed in a semi-shady place to cultivate, do not bright light direct. Apply thin rotten cake fertilizer and water once a month. If there is too much fertilization, especially too much nitrogen fertilizer and lack of phosphate fertilizer, it is easy to cause leaf markings to disappear and reduce the ornamental value. Watermelon pepper grass plant shape is short, luxuriant growth, whether as a pot decoration, or hanging appreciation are very suitable. Its leaves are striped like watermelons. It is suitable for pot cutting or hanging cultivation. Application of Douban green leaves thick, bright green, evergreen all the year round, is a common small foliage plant. Suitable for potted plants and hanging baskets, often used for interior decoration. Pot culture should be based on rotten leaf soil, plus a small amount of river sand culture soil. Usually can be placed in the indoor bright scattered light place to cultivate, do not have strong light direct. Keep the basin soil moist during the growing season, but there can be no stagnant water in the basin, otherwise the roots and leaves will rot easily, and even the whole plant will die. Apply thin pancake fertilizer and water or all-element chemical fertilizer once a month. If there is too much fertilizer, especially when there is too much nitrogen fertilizer and lack of phosphate fertilizer, it is easy to cause the disappearance of leaf markings and reduce the ornamental effect. It is necessary to spray water on the leaves three times a day in summer and dry season, and sprinkle water on the ground around the flowerpot to maintain high air humidity and promote the formation of leaf markings. For the cultivation of watermelon and pepper grass, it is best to move outside in spring and autumn with good ventilation and a little sunshine for a period of time, and then move back indoors, so that the plant grows healthily and the markings on the leaves are obvious.

3. Planting method

Matrix preparation: with loose, drained and ventilated imported peat of 5-40mm specification, break the peat and mix well with water. (standard of adding water: after mixing well with water, hold a handful of peat tightly and the water seeps from the fingers) to be planted in the cup. The peat consumption in each basin of the 9cm basin is about 250ml, and a packet of 300L imported peat can hold about 1200 cups.

Requirements for potting seedlings: select high-quality seedlings produced professionally, with a height of 5-8 inches, leaves of 6-10 pieces, no diseases and insect pests, no withered leaves and yellow leaves.

Upper basin: for the old basin that is re-used, it must be soaked in potassium permanganate 1000 times solution for more than half an hour, then rinse with clean water and dry for use. The new basin can be used directly. Generally, first use a smaller flowerpot (9cm plastic pot) to plant, first cushion the appropriate substrate at the bottom of the cup, and then move the sieve seedlings into the cup, the seedlings can be appropriately planted deeper, with the base of the flat plant slightly above, 1 ball / pot; the matrix is loose and tight moderately, loaded to the cup 9 minutes full, gently vibrate the basin soil, and pour the roots semi-thoroughly or with surface water.

4. Methods of reproduction

Ramet propagation can be carried out in spring and autumn, select the plant with new buds at the root of the mother plant, combine turning the pot to change the soil, shake off the attached soil, and use a sharp knife to cut the new bud potted plant according to the position of the new bud. When ramet, pay attention to protect the root system of the mother plant and the new bud. It can also be poured out and divided into several pots when the plant is full of pots. Cutting propagation can be divided into branches and leaves. (1) Branch insertion can be carried out in spring and summer, select strong branches, cut 5-8 cm scions, remove the lower leaves, dry the cut, and then insert them into the wet sand bed. It can take root at a temperature of 18-25 ℃ in semi-shade.

Leaf insertion is mostly carried out from May to October. When inserting leaves, choose strong and full leaves, take off all the full leaves with petioles, take petioles of 2-3 cm, dry for 2-3 hours, wait for the wound to dry slightly, and insert them obliquely in the sand bed or basin, the angle between petiole and seedling bed is 35 ~ 45 degrees, and the matrix is mixed with washed river sand with 20% vermiculite. Keep it moist, put it in half-shade, 20: 25 ℃, about 4: 5 weeks can produce adventitious roots and buds, and about 2 months can grow into seedlings. When the seedling grows to 4-5 cm, it is transplanted into the basin. But avoid the medium too wet, to avoid cuttings rot. Avoid covering with plastic film or glass when cutting, otherwise it is perishable.

Cultivation characteristics

Watermelon peel pepper grass likes the environment of high temperature, moist, semi-shade and high air humidity. Not only is not resistant to cold, but also avoid extreme heat. Pot containers should choose tile pots or coarse sand pots with rough texture and strong water permeability, and potted plants should choose rotten leaf soil as the main culture soil, which can be mixed with rotten leaf soil, garden soil and river sand. When the seedlings are in the pot, pay attention to protect the roots, water the plants once and put them in a ventilated shade for about a week, then they can be managed normally. Usually should be placed in a semi-shady place to cultivate, do not bright light direct. Like enough scattered light.

Too strong light is disadvantageous to growth, overcast is easy to produce overgrowth, and lose beautiful markings, reduce the ornamental effect. Branches and leaves are nearly fleshy and have the function of storing water, so they have a certain ability to resist drought. Avoid watering too much, and if the basin soil is too wet, it will cause the rotten roots of the plants to die. During the growing season, the basin soil should be kept moist, but there should be no water in the basin, otherwise the roots and leaves will rot easily, or even the whole plant will die. it is better to irrigate or spray the plant with lukewarm calcium-free soft water, and the cold water will cause the plant to rot. After the beginning of winter, it is more necessary to control the amount of water, and the water temperature should not be lower than room temperature. Apply thin rotten cake fertilizer and water once a month, avoid applying thick fertilizer, and avoid contaminating the leaves. If there is too much fertilization, especially too much nitrogen fertilizer and lack of phosphate fertilizer, it is easy to cause leaf markings to disappear and reduce the ornamental value. 0.1%-0.2% urea can also be used as extra-root topdressing.

Humidity requires higher air humidity. In summer and dry season, it is appropriate to spray water on the leaf surface once or twice a day, and sprinkle water on the ground around the flowerpot to maintain high air humidity and promote the formation of leaf markings. In spring and autumn, it is best to move to a place with good outdoor ventilation and a little sunshine, and then move or indoor for a period of time, so that the plant can grow healthily. The pot should be changed once every two years, because the old plant can not maintain a strong ornamental effect, so it should be renewed frequently. When the ventilation is poor, it is easy to be harmed by shell insects. It should be timely removed or sprayed with 1000 times of omethoate EC for prevention and control. When the soil is too wet or even stagnant, it is easy to cause root rot, so it should be drained or changed in time to improve the soil quality.

5. Cultivation and management

Watermelon pepper grass likes the environment of high temperature, humidity, semi-shade and high air humidity. In order to maintain the beautiful markings of the leaves, the following must be done:

The substrate needs to be cultivated in loose, fertile, well-drained soil and grows poorly in clay. The basin soil should be mixed with coarse sand or cinder ash. It can also be cultivated with peat soil and perlite.

The optimum temperature for growth is 20-30 ℃. When the temperature is more than 30 ℃ and below 15 ℃, the growth becomes slow. The lowest temperature in winter should not be lower than 10 ℃, otherwise it is vulnerable to freezing injury. There are even physiological diseases.

Soil. The basin soil is mainly composed of rotten leaf soil and mixed with a small amount of river sand.

Light due to watermelon pepper grass is more shady, so usually should be placed in the indoor bright scattered light, do not direct strong light. Spring and autumn should be moved to a well-ventilated and slightly sunny place for maintenance. Like semi-overcast or scattered light, can only be maintained in the whole sun in winter, shade 50% in summer, otherwise it is easy to burn leaves. But too shady, the leaves are dim, grayish green, and the markings are not obvious.

It is necessary to keep the basin soil moist during the water growing season, but there can be no stagnant water in the basin, otherwise the roots and leaves will rot easily, and even the whole plant will die. In summer and dry season, water should be sprayed on the leaf surface 2 or 3 times a day to increase air humidity and promote the formation of leaf markings. Fear of both drought and waterlogging, drought will wilt, yellow, or even death; waterlogging will produce root rot. The basin soil can be kept slightly moist, and it can also be watered when the basin soil surface is dry. In winter, if the temperature is slightly lower, watering should be controlled to make the basin soil dry and wet alternately.

Fertilizer usually needs to apply dilute pancake fertilizer or compound fertilizer once a month, nitrogen fertilizer should not be too much, such as lack of phosphate fertilizer, it is easy to cause leaf markings to disappear and reduce the ornamental effect. To apply balanced fertilizer, do not apply nitrogen fertilizer alone, otherwise the stripes of "watermelon" will not be obvious and the ornamental value will be greatly reduced. It is best to use thin liquid fertilizer to irrigate basin soil, too thick fertilizer is easy to cause plant necrosis.

Humidity requires high air humidity, not resistant to drying, in addition to normal watering, but also often spray water to the plant, if there are conditions, it is best to sprinkle water to humidify the growth environment, the effect is good. The growth of leaves is extremely abnormal in a dry environment.

Pest prevention

There are few diseases and insect pests, and the diseases are common in leaf spot, which can be controlled by spraying carbendazim, dipropion and so on. The main insect pests are red spiders and shell insects, which can be sprayed with special insecticides, such as triclofenac, Nisolan, parathion and chlorpyrifos to control shell insects. Attention should be paid to the disinfection of cultivation places, pots and pots and soil. Root rot and scab are harmful, and spraying Bordeaux solution can control the spread of the disease.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of watermelon and pepper grass

Watermelon pepper grass is evergreen all the year round, the stem is short and clumpy, the leaves are oval, the veins are silver gray, shaped like watermelon peel, it is a good indoor decoration plant, deeply welcomed by residents. How to cultivate watermelon and pepper grass? What is the reason for the rotten roots of watermelon and pepper grass? How should we solve the problem? The following is an introduction for you, so that you can have a correct understanding in your life. The editor has carefully prepared some knowledge here. Let's go to know it with the editor. I hope the content of the editor will be helpful to you! 、

How to raise watermelon and pepper grass

How to raise watermelon pepper grass 1, fertile soil: pot cultivation of watermelon pepper grass should be based on rotten leaf soil, which can be used after mixing rotten leaf soil with coarse sand or cinder ash, or peat soil + perlite. Pot containers should choose tile pots or coarse sand pots with rough texture and strong water permeability. 2, scattered light maintenance: watermelon pepper grass is more shady, avoid strong light, usually put it in a bright indoor place with scattered light. Too strong light is bad for the growth of watermelon pepper grass, and the light is too dark, it will make the watermelon pepper grass grow, the markings are not obvious, and reduce its ornamental. 3. Suitable temperature: the optimum temperature for the growth of watermelon prickly ash is 20-25 ℃. When the air temperature is more than 30 ℃ and below 15 ℃, its growth will slow down. When the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the watermelon and pepper grass is vulnerable to freezing injury and even physiological diseases. 4. Keep the air humidity: the dry environment is disadvantageous to the growth of watermelon pepper grass, so it is necessary to increase the environmental humidity by spraying water to the plant besides watering the watermelon pepper grass normally. 5. Reasonable watering: keep the soil moist in the growing season of watermelon and pepper grass, but there can be no stagnant water in the basin, otherwise the roots and leaves will rot easily, or even the whole plant will die. In summer and dry season, water should be sprayed on the leaf surface 2-3 times a day to increase air humidity and promote the formation of leaf markings. If the temperature is slightly lower in winter, watering should be controlled to make the basin soil dry and wet alternately. Too cold water will cause plants to rot, so the water temperature should not be lower than room temperature when watering in winter. 6, appropriate fertilization: watermelon pepper grass usually apply thin rotten cake fertilizer and water once a month, do not apply thick fertilizer, and avoid contaminating the leaves. If there is too much fertilizer, especially too much nitrogen fertilizer and lack of phosphate fertilizer, it is easy to cause the leaf markings of watermelon and pepper grass to disappear and reduce the ornamental value. 0.1% Mel 0.2% urea can also be used as extra-root topdressing.

7. Pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: if the basin soil is too wet for a long time, watermelon and pepper grass will get root rot and stem rot. The wet air will cause anthrax, so the cultured watermelon pepper grass must be grown in a ventilated environment, and the appropriate amount of watering should be given, and it is best to choose to water in the morning, and the disease can be treated by spraying in time. Regular prevention and treatment can also be carried out.

Causes of rotting root of watermelon and pepper grass and its solution

The causes and solutions of root rot of watermelon pepper grass 1. After the water temperature is too low, the water temperature of watermelon pepper grass needs to be controlled after winter. if the water temperature is lower than room temperature, it will make the root rot caused by freezing. Generally, the effect of watering or spraying plants with mild temperature calcium-free soft water is better. 2. The most common cause of watermelon peel pepper root rot is too much watering. If the rot is not too serious, you can put it in a place where there is plenty of scattered light. Pay attention not to change the basin to water at this time, and then manage it normally when the rot becomes dry and healed. If the rot is serious, you can cut off the top with two or three leaves, or cut off a leaf with a stem of about 0.5 centimeters, soak it in loose soil, and it is easy to root in a cool place. 3. Phytophthora infestation of Phytophthora infestation is another cause of root rot of watermelon peel and pepper. In this case, careful maintenance should be taken, be careful not to get too wet, do everything possible to lower the humidity, do not splash soil on the base of plant stems when watering, and drain water in time after rain to prevent moisture retention. Spraying 27% copper noble suspension at the initial stage of the disease could kill 2000 dry suspension 1000 times, 70% ethyl phosphine ·manganese zinc wettable powder 1000 times, and 70010 Baidefu wettable powder 500,700 times. The watermelon peel pepper grass plant is small and lovely, the leaf color is strange, the shape is like watermelon peel oblique hanging under the petiole, novel and interesting. In the hot summer, decorating or hanging indoors can give people a fresh and cool feeling. The potted plant is placed on the bookcase, the writing desk and the coffee table.