Introduction and culture method of Huoxiang thistle

Huoxiang thistle (blue Cuiqiu, Sheng red thistle)

Scientific name: ageratum conyzoides

Alias: red thistle. Guangdong called salted shrimp flowers, white flowers, bitter white hair, white flowers stinky grass, Yunnan called Chongyang grass, Guizhou said abscess grass, green cohosh, Guangxi said stinky stove grass. Yunnan Baoshan jelly is called Shuiding medicine.

Morphological features: perennial cropping-annual cultivation, 30cm to 60cm high. Whole plant velutinous, simple leaves opposite, ovate. The flower heads are tasseled, and the florets are all bamboo-shaped flowers with blue, pink, white and other colors.

Ecological habits: like light, not resistant to cold. The branches are strong and resistant to pruning.

Florescence: from July to October.

Flower talk: good temper. It means "beloved". It is the guardian flower of Scorpio and the birthday flower of the person born on August 14.

Garden uses: flower beds, ground covers, potted plants, flower borders, rock gardens.

Medicinal efficacy: herbal medicine, heat-clearing and detoxification, anti-inflammatory and hemostatic effect.

Cultivation. Sexual preference for warm and sunny environment, high temperature and heat or soil too wet will lead to poor growth. It has strong adaptability and can grow in all kinds of soil, but it is suitable for medium fertility soil, fertile or nitrogen fertilizer is too much and flowering less, and it is more resistant to extensive management.

Farming. Huoxiang thistle is mainly cultivated by seeds. After sowing and transplanting in March, the seeds were planted in the open field after the late frost, and the warm ground could be planted directly in the open ground. Before and after cutting seedling the End of Heat (late August), cut the tender stems of the same year, trimmed the leaves, and then took 3 axillary nodes as cuttings, then put the cutting substrate (clean yellow sand or rice chaff ash) into a wooden box that could leak, spread out the surface, made holes with bamboo chopsticks and inserted the cuttings with non-overlapping leaves. After insertion, pour enough water with a small-eye kettle, cover it with plastic film to moisturize, and place it under the shade. After the sun sets, you can uncover the plastic film to breathe and meet the night dew. Water it once in the morning and cover it with plastic film. About 10 days, cuttings can take root, no longer need to cover the plastic film. The nursery box can be gradually moved to the place where you can see the sun, so that the seedlings can be trained by the sun. Due to the enhancement of photosynthesis, the axillary buds of the seedlings will grow faster. After about 20 days, the seedlings can be transferred to pot and get into normal maintenance. A coring by the end of October can enlarge the diameter of plants and increase the number of flowering branches. When the outdoor temperature drops to 10 ℃, it should be moved into the indoor light place in time. Small buds can be seen at the top of the plant in February of the following year, and the flower appearance of patchouli can be seen around the end of March or the beginning of April.

Usage: it is an ideal flower bed material. It can also be used as flower border, forest edge, flower lawn and ground cover material. Culture methods of controlling diseases and insect pests of Huoxiang thistle

The main diseases and insect pests of Huoxiang thistle are root rot, rust, nocturnal moth and whitefly. The following editor will explain in detail the pest control of Huoxiang thistle and the breeding methods and related knowledge of Huoxiang thistle. Let's learn about it together with the editor.

Disease and pest control of Huoxiang thistle

Huoxiang thistle is often harmed by root rot, rust, night moth and whitefly.

Control methods: root rot was sprayed with 1000 times of acetic acid solution, and rust was sprayed with 2000 times of Weiluiling wettable powder.

Planting patchouli thistle in the field can control mite pests. 500 mu of patchouli thistle was introduced in Xiangtian, Gaohu and other orchards. The long flowering period of patchouli thistle can provide abundant pollen as food for the natural enemy Amblyseius mites, so as to reproduce a large number of natural enemies and control the damage of harmful mites. Amblyseius mites are important natural enemies of red spiders, yellow spiders and rust wall lice, which can prey on the eggs and stages of harmful mites. Mites are the main pests in the citrus orchard. When the temperature is suitable, they can reproduce 14-18 generations a year. The harm is serious and it is difficult to eliminate completely. It often forces fruit farmers to use a large number of chemical pesticides, which not only causes fruit and environmental pollution. Planting patchouli thistle in citrus orchard and breeding Amblyseius mites can effectively control the harm of harmful mites, thus greatly reduce the use of pesticides, save labor, reduce costs, improve quality, ensure the hygiene and safety of fruits, and increase the economic income of fruit farmers.

An introduction to Huoxiang thistle

Huoxiang thistle is also a famous scenic spot of red thistle, which belongs to the genus Asteraceae. Originated in Mexico. It is distributed in areas ranging from low altitude to 2800 meters. China Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Jiangxi, Fujian and other places, there are cultivated, but also naturalized wild distribution 0; raw valleys, mountain slopes under forests or forest margins, riverside or hillside grasslands, field edges or wasteland. It is only cultivated in Zhejiang and Hebei.

1. Morphological characteristics

Rhizome: patchouli thistle is an annual herb, 50-100 cm high, and sometimes less than 10 cm. There is no obvious main root. Stem stout, base 4 mm in diam., or rarely slender, but base less than 1 mm in diameter, unbranched or branched from base or above middle, or lower base procumbent with nodes often adventitious roots. All stem branches are reddish, or distally green, white dusty pubescent or distally densely spreading villous.

Leaves: the leaves of patchouli thistle are opposite, sometimes alternate in the upper part, often with axillary rudimentary leaf buds. Middle stem leaves ovate or elliptic or oblong, 3-8 cm long and 2-5 cm wide; leaves from middle leaves upward and downward and on axillary branchlets gradually smaller or smaller, ovate or oblong, sometimes all leaves of the plant are small, only 1 cm long and only 0.6 mm wide. All leaves base obtuse or broadly cuneate, base 3-veined or inconspicuously pentagonal, apex acute, margin rounded-serrate, petiole 1-3 cm long, both surfaces white sparsely pubescent and with yellow glandular spots, hairs above along veins and below leaves sometimes subglabrous, petioles of upper leaves or axillary young shoots and leaflets on axillary branches are usually covered with white densely spreading villous.

Flowers: Huoxiang thistle has 4-18 heads arranged in usually dense corymbose inflorescences at the top of the stem; inflorescences 1.5-3 cm in diameter, rarely arranged in loose corymbals. Pedicel 0.5-1.5 cm long, pubescent by dust globules. Involucral bracts campanulate or hemispherical, 5 mm wide. Involucral bracts 2-layered, oblong or lanceolate-oblong, 3-4 mm long, outside glabrous, margin lacerate. Corolla 1.5-2.5 mm long, outside glabrous or apex dusty puberulent, eaves 5-lobed, lavender.

Fruit: achenes of patchouli thistle dark brown, 5-angled, 1.2-1.7 mm long, with white sparse puberulent. Crown membranes 5 or 6, oblong, apex sharply narrowed or attenuate growing or shortly Awned, or part of diaphragm tip truncate without awn-shaped acuminate; all crown membranes 1.5-3 mm long.

Huoxiang thistle blossoms and fruits throughout the year.

2. Ecological habits

Huoxiang thistle prefers a warm, sunny environment. It is not strict with the soil. It is not resistant to cold and does not grow well in extreme heat. Strong branching force, resistant to pruning.

Culture method of Huoxiang thistle

1. Colonization

The seedlings of thistle were planted in pots when there were 2-4 branches. One plant was planted in a 4-inch flowerpot, and the pot soil was mixed with agricultural fertilizer, garden soil and fine sand. After the seedlings are planted, the potted soil should be compacted, watered, put in a cool place, and moved to the sun after 7-10 days. At this time, the seedlings basically slowed down and began to grow normally. Pay attention to water and fertilizer management, basin soil surface whitening see dry watering, each watering should be enough, not half of the water. Enter the high temperature season, plant growth peak season, watering twice a day. Thin cake fertilizer and water were irrigated every 10-15 days, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were applied appropriately. In this way, the plant can be dwarfed, the flowers will be colorful, and the ornamental value can be improved.

2. Pruning

Huoxiang thistle has a long flowering period. in order to keep the plant type short, compact and beautiful, it is necessary to pick the heart for many times, usually for 3-4 times. To form a round plant type, the top of each branch can form buds and blossom at the same time, making its branches and leaves luxuriant and colorful.

After the first batch of flowers bloom, pruning and pruning in time, generally the old branches remain 5-6 cm high, the upper part is cut, and the dense branches are thinned at the same time. Then it is necessary to ensure sufficient water and fertilizer to promote the germination of new branches in order to produce fresh chlorophyll.

3. Humidity

Like the humid or semi-dry climate environment, the relative temperature of the air in the growing environment is required to be 50-70%. When the air relative humidity is too low, the lower leaves yellowing and falling off, and the upper leaves are not glossy.

4. Temperature

Because it is native to the subtropics, it has strict requirements for winter temperature and stops growing when the ambient temperature is below 8 ℃. The ability to adapt to light is strong. Put in indoor maintenance, as far as possible in places with bright light, such as well-lit living room, bedroom, study and other places. After indoor maintenance for a period of time (about a month), it should be moved to an outdoor place with shade (heat preservation in winter) for a period of time (about a month), so alternately.

5. Management

Thistle is not cold-resistant. It should be moved indoors before frost and put in a sunny place. The temperature should be above 5 ℃ at night and 10 ℃-15 ℃ during the day can grow and blossom normally. Water once every 3-5 days and thin cake fertilizer water once every half month.

The Propagation Mode of Huoxiang Thistle

1. Sowing and reproduction

Huoxiang thistle seeds are small, sowing requires meticulous work. In general, sowing in the greenhouse in early February can also be sown in the open field in early April. The cultivated soil should be half of agricultural fertilizer and half of garden soil, mixed with a small amount of rotten leaf soil, mixed evenly and sifted. A small amount of seedlings can be raised in flowerpots (a large number of seedlings can be used as beds), the culture soil will be loaded into the basin, compacted and poured through water, and after the water seeps, the seeds will be spread evenly on the wet soil. Do not cover the soil too thick, so as to cover the seeds strictly. Keep the potted soil moist. The seedlings can emerge in about 10 days. The seedlings were divided into two pairs of true leaves, and one plant was planted in a small plastic nutrition bowl. The seeds of thistle are small and the seedlings grow slowly.

2. Cuttage propagation

In order to form early and blossom early, cuttings can be used to raise seedlings. Cuttage seedlings should prepare large mother plants, put them in the greenhouse in winter, take strong branches in early spring, retain 2-4 true leaves, and do not leave growth points. The length of the branch is 5-6 cm, the shearing mouth should be under the node and cut along with the cutting. The depth of cuttage is 1ax 3-1pm 2 with long cuttings. In high temperature season, put it in a cool place after cutting to prevent high temperature and sun exposure. It takes about 10 days to take root, and the seedlings can be divided. Except for the low temperature in winter, cutting seedlings can be carried out in other growing seasons and are easy to survive.

Key points of conservation of Huoxiang thistle

1. Cultivate strong seedlings

Huoxiang thistle seeds are small, sowing requires meticulous work. In general, sowing in the greenhouse in early February can also be sown in the open field in early April. The cultivated soil should be half of agricultural fertilizer and half of garden soil, mixed with a small amount of rotten leaf soil, mixed evenly and sifted. A small amount of seedlings can be raised in flowerpots (a large number of seedlings can be used as beds), the culture soil will be loaded into the basin, compacted and poured through water, and after the water seeps, the seeds will be spread evenly on the wet soil. Do not cover the soil too thick, so as to cover the seeds strictly.

Keep the potted soil moist. The seedlings can emerge in about 10 days. The seedlings were divided into two pairs of true leaves, and one plant was planted in a small plastic nutrition bowl. The seeds of thistle are small and the seedlings grow slowly. In order to form early and blossom early, cuttings can be used to raise seedlings. Large mother plants should be prepared for cuttage breeding, which should be put in the greenhouse in winter, strong branches should be taken in early spring, and 4 true leaves should be retained, leaving no growing point. The length of the branch is 5ml / 6cm, and the cut should be under the node and cut as you go. The cutting depth is the length of the cuttings, which is the length of the cuttings, which is the length of the cuttings. In high temperature season, put it in a cool place after cutting to prevent high temperature and sun exposure. It takes about 10 days to take root, and the seedlings can be divided. Except for the low temperature in winter, cutting seedlings can be carried out in other growing seasons and are easy to survive.

2. Planting and management

The seedlings of thistle were planted in pot when there were 4 branches of 2 Mel. One plant was planted in a 4-inch flowerpot, and the pot soil was mixed with agricultural fertilizer, garden soil and fine sand. After the seedlings are planted, the potted soil should be compacted, watered, put in a cool place, and moved to the sun after 10 days. At this time, the seedlings basically slowed down and began to grow normally. Pay attention to water and fertilizer management, basin soil surface whitening see dry watering, each watering should be enough, not half of the water. Enter the high temperature season, plant growth peak season, watering twice a day. Thin cake fertilizer and water were irrigated once every 10 min 15 days, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were added appropriately. In this way, the plant can be dwarfed, the flowers will be colorful, and the ornamental value can be improved.

3. Plant pruning

Huoxiang thistle has a long flowering period. in order to keep the plant type short, compact and beautiful, it is necessary to pick the heart many times. To form a round plant type, the top of each branch can form buds and blossom at the same time, making its branches and leaves luxuriant, colorful, beautiful and spectacular. After the first batch of flowers bloom, pruning and pruning should be made in time. Generally, the old branches are kept 5m high, the upper part is cut off, and the dense branches are thinned at the same time. Then it is necessary to ensure sufficient water and fertilizer to promote the germination of new branches in order to produce fresh chlorophyll.

4. Winter management

Thistle is not cold-resistant. It should be moved indoors before frost and put in a sunny place. The temperature should be above 5 ℃ at night and 10 ℃-15 ℃ during the day can grow and blossom normally. Water is watered every 3 times every 5 days, and thin cake fertilizer is watered once a month.

Related knowledge of Huoxiang thistle

1. Variety classification

The common cultivated varieties of thistle are "Blue Danube": dwarf species with a height of 15cm and 18cm, with blue-purple flowers. "Hawaii" series: dense and neat stems and leaves, plant height of 15 cm, flowers dark blue to red, pure white and other colors. "Pacific" series: the plant is 20 cm high and the flowers are dark blue and purple. "powdery": the plant is 15cm to 20cm in height, with red pollen.

2. Overview of species and genera

Huoxiang thistle originated in Mexico and is now widely distributed in the tropics of the Old World. "FloraofHongKong", which was first recorded in G.Bentham (1861) in China, was found in southern Yunnan at the end of the 19th century. It is now widely distributed in the low mountains, hills and plains of the Yangtze River basin and all parts of the south. Another kind of bear ear grass (A.houstonianum) originating from Central America is introduced and cultivated as an ornamental in southern China and is often used as a weed.

Annual herbs, born in fields, wastelands, hillside grasslands, valley thickets and so on below 2800m above sea level. The seed setting rate is high and the reproduction speed is fast. Huoxiang thistle mainly has three colors: blue, white and pansy, and the plant can grow to 20cm to 25cm high. It is best to be used as a potted plant and edge plant in the courtyard, or to decorate the rock garden, or for indoor ornamental. If a large area is used in flower beds, it can be used as a base color adjustment configuration, which also has a unique effect.

Huoxiang thistle is a perennial herb of the genus Asteraceae. It is a biennial or perennial herb with about 7000 seeds per gram. The seed germinated 7-10 days after sowing at the temperature of 26-29 ℃, and the germination period should be placed in sunlight. Flowers small, heads densely branched apically. Resistant to pruning, it can blossom again after cutting. Multipurpose seeds are used for propagation, but they can also be cut. It can be transplanted 15-20 days after sowing, blossom in about 13 weeks, and blossom in 11-12 weeks in the south.

3. Function and use

Huoxiang thistle potted plant is used to decorate the terrace, balcony or roof garden.

Huoxiang thistle is planted in flower beds, flower belts, planting grooves and lawn edges, and the landscape is clear and bright. Decorate the small courtyard, roadside, natural and elegant, rendering the breath of spring.