How to remedy the rotten roots of money trees, cutting off rotten roots and replanting / watering too much is the key.

The money tree, with its green and beautiful leaves and beautiful meaning, is welcomed and loved by the broad masses of people and is kept at home by many people. However, many flower friends respond that their money trees often have rotten roots. Why? How to remedy the rotten roots of the money tree? In this regard, the editor summed up several reasons for the rotten roots of money trees, go in and have a look!

I. causes of rotten roots, stagnant water / diseases and insect pests

Before we solve the problem of how to remedy the rotten roots of the money tree, we need to know how the rotten roots of the money tree. In this regard, according to the editor's inquiry, there are four main reasons for the rotten roots of the money tree: excessive watering, improper fertilization, low temperature and bacterial invasion.

Second, the reasons for the rotten roots of the money tree

1. Overwatering

The money tree has strong drought tolerance and does not have high requirements for water. Once we water too much, it will lead to rotten roots and yellow leaves. Root rot reason: too much watering, basin soil water, the root of the money tree is difficult to breathe, and breed a large number of germs, the formation of rotten roots.

2. Excessive or concentrated fertilization

In the cultivation method of the tree, we have said that the tree likes to be fat, and proper fertilization can make it grow more beautiful. However, once the fertilization is too much or too thick, the root system of the tree is prone to rot if it does not grow well.

3. The temperature is too low

In addition to watering and fertilizing, temperature is also one of the reasons for the rotten roots of money trees. Money grass likes a warm environment, once the temperature is too low, especially when the winter temperature is very low, frost damage will occur, so that the plant is frozen, and then the phenomenon of rotting roots occurs.

4. Pathogen invasion

In addition, germs can also cause rotten roots of money trees, which is easy to happen. If bacteria are accidentally brought into the water when it is raining or watering, the plant will be infected by the bacteria, which may lead to rotting roots.

Third, how to remedy the rotten roots of the money tree

After finding the rotten roots, cut off the rotten roots, soak them with carbendazim solution or sprinkle some charcoal to disinfect them, then put the plants in a cool place to dry, and finally replant them in a pot. In addition, we can also cut off some branches and leaves to make them survive better.

How to remedy the rotten roots of the money tree is simply to remove the rotten roots and replant them, but this is too troublesome, so we should give priority to prevention and control. In daily maintenance, do not pour too much water to avoid the phenomenon of stagnant water; fertilization must not be too thick and do not overwork, it is better to apply thin fertilizer, so as to avoid the occurrence of rotting roots.

Generally speaking, the money tree is easy to rot because of watering and fertilizing, which is also the situation encountered by many flower friends. Therefore, when watering and fertilizing, we must pay attention to the requirements of how to water and fertilize the money tree, so as to make your money tree grow beautiful. With regard to the rotten roots of the money tree, this is the end of the editor's introduction. I hope I can give you some help.

Picture appreciation and introduction of common foliage plants

Rubber tree [alias] big leaf green, red Burmese tree, red mouth rubber tree, Indian banyan [family genus] Moraceae banyan genus [origin] China [morphological characteristics] evergreen trees. The height of the plant is 2m / m. Stem glabrous, with milk. The leaves are thick, leathery and long-stalked, and the leaves are oblong or oval [cultivation substrate]. It is advisable to choose sandy loam soil rich in humus [watering] to keep the soil in a dry or slightly tidal state. Summer is the stage when rubber trees need the most water, and can be watered more. Winter is the period when rubber trees need the least water, less water supply [fertilization] diammonium phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be used as topdressing [light] rubber trees like strong direct sunlight, but also resistant to shady environment. However, in the process of cultivation, it should be exposed to not less than 4 hours of direct sunlight every day. If there are conditions, it is best to ensure that the plant can accept all-day sunlight [ventilation] and keep the environment properly ventilated so that the rubber tree likes the high temperature environment, so it grows most rapidly in summer and autumn. The ambient temperature should be kept between 20 and 30 degrees. When the ambient temperature is lower than 10 degrees, the growth of the rubber tree is basically stagnant. The overwintering temperature should not be lower than 5 degrees [disease control] Rubber trees are prone to anthracnose, and its pathogen is Microsporum. The disease mainly occurs in the summer high temperature season, and the main affected part is the leaf. Its symptom is that there are round or oval gray spots on both sides of the leaf vein, and in severe cases, the disease spot is connected and extends to the whole leaf. The prevention and control methods are to avoid plant mechanical damage and reduce the chance of pathogen infecting plants; timely removal of diseased leaves to prevent spread; reasonable pruning to keep the tree naturally happy and transparent and ventilated.

Ampelopsis grossedentata is also known as Phyllostachys pubescens, mountain grass, Liliaceae, Tianmen winter genus. Origin and habits: asparagus originated from South Africa. Sexual preference is warm, moist and semi-overcast, not resistant to drought and frost. The soil is required to be rich in humus and well drained. Morphological characteristics: asparagus is a perennial herb, the stem is smooth and slender, showing a climbing shape. Leaves slender, horizontally spreading, leaves small, ca. 3 × 5 mm. True leaves degenerate into scales or thorns. Flowers small, bisexual, white. Berries globose, purplish black. The florescence is mostly from February to March or June to July, and some flowers bloom twice. Propagation techniques: asparagus is propagated by sowing and dividing plants. The sowing was carried out from March to April and the seeds were soaked for 24 hours before sowing. Sow in a 10 cm deep basin, cover with glass or plastic film, keep the temperature at 20: 25 ℃ and the basin soil moist, and germinate in 20: 30 days. The seedling height is 5cm to 10cm, which can be planted in greenhouse or upper basin. The 4-year-old 5-year-old plant can be propagated in spring. Management technology: asparagus is a negative plant, should not be placed in a place with too strong light, otherwise it is easy to cause withered and yellow branches and leaves. Watering should be appropriate, keep the basin soil wet and dry, generally watering to make the topsoil moist, dry season should be more to spray water to the leaf. Asparagus likes fertilizer, which is mixed with water and fully mature dilute liquid fertilizer or milk residue dominated by nitrogen and potassium every 10-15 days. Asparagus grows fast and should be thinned too weak, too dense and old branches and withered stems at any time, which is conducive to ventilation and maintain a low posture. Asparagus can also be planted with bamboo tube, its water permeability, water storage are good, there is no need to drill holes at the bottom of the basin. Ornamental value: asparagus is mainly potted foliage, fresh and elegant, and the layout of the study shows more scrolls. The roots, stems and leaves of asparagus can be used as medicine and can be picked all year round. Asparagus branches and leaves are slender, tall and straight beautiful, dense green, chic posture, is a good foil material for cut flowers, bouquets and baskets.

Abelmoschus: evergreen shrubs of the genus Palmae. Origin and habits: originated in Madagascar, Africa, many potted plants all over China. Loose-tailed sunflower prefers a warm and humid environment, and light is more resistant to shade. The height grows slowly, the crown width develops fast, and the natural pruning is good. Require slightly acidic sandy loam with good air permeability, avoid alkaline soil. Morphological characteristics: plant height is 3 to 4 meters. Stems branched from the ground, ringed; leaves extended arched, up to 2 meters long, petiole smooth, yellow, pinnae lanceolate, 60 cm long, apex soft, abaxial main veins 3, raised; flowers small, string, golden yellow, florescence from March to April. Propagation technology: sunflower can reproduce by sowing and ramet. In general, pots are propagated by ramets. Ramets can be propagated all the year round, but autumn is the best. From the strong growth of the mother plant to the well-developed branches, cut off from the root and the mother plant, moved into a new basin and re-planted. The newly planted plants should not be exposed to strong light for a long time because the root system is not yet well developed. Water properly and spray water to the leaves several times a day to keep the leaves moist. The temperature is kept at about 20-25 ℃ and can grow normally in about 20 days. Management techniques: indoor potted sunflower should choose acidic soil, and sandy loam with high humus content should be selected in the north. Watering should follow the principle of "dry and wet" according to the season, more watering should be appropriate in the dry and hot season, and watering should be controlled in low temperature, overcast and rain. In the northern region, especially where there is more salt and alkali in the water, attention should be paid to the frequent use of black alum to regulate soil acidity. Liquid fertilizer can be applied all the year round, nitrogen-containing organic fertilizer can be applied properly in summer, and organic flower fertilizer such as sesame sauce residue can be applied in winter. Rotate the flowerpot regularly, often trim the lower and inner withered leaves, and pay attention to trimming the crown shape. The indoor temperature must be kept above 10 ℃ in winter. If it is below 5 degrees for a long time, it will suffer frost injury. Ornamental value: the sunflower plant is tall, the leaves are green, the posture is free and easy, the four seasons are evergreen, and the potted plants are arranged in the hall, especially majestic, reflecting the tropical scenery. This species is a good material for park and courtyard greening in South China, and in Hong Kong, Macao and other places, because its leaves grow radially in all directions, it is regarded as a symbol of "rising in all directions". Very popular.

Sea taro (dripping Guanyin) dripping Guanyin is a trade name. when the soil water content is large, it drips down from the tip or edge of the leaf, so it is called dripping Guanyin in many places. This plant is a perennial evergreen herb of the genus Alocasia-Alocasia macrorrhizos of the Araceae family. It is native to the subtropics, has a sexual preference for warm, humid and semi-shady environment, and is not hardy. It is potted in the north of the Yangtze River Basin in China and moved indoors before winter. Amorphophallus does not have high requirements for soil, but it grows best in sandy loam or humus loam with good drainage and organic matter. Generally, the basin soil adopts the mixture of 2 ∶ 2 ∶ 1 rotten leaf soil, peat soil and coarse sand. Keep the basin soil moist during the growing season and apply N, P, K dilute liquid fertilizer once or twice a month. Put it in a semi-overcast ventilation place in summer, and often spray water around and leaves to increase air humidity, reduce leaf temperature and keep leaves clean. Stop fertilizing in winter and control the times of watering. Sea taro grows very fast, so in its growth process, fertilizer and water must be appropriate to avoid causing empty baldness at the lower end of the stem and affecting the ornamental value.

Malaba chestnut (wealth tree) [alias] rich tree American kapok chestnut tree American peanut [family] kapok family melon chestnut genus [origin] Central America, Mexico to Costa Rica [soil] to well drained sandy loam rich in humus [light] the wealth tree is not strict in light requirements, no matter in the strong light and low light indoor can better adapt. But all-day sunshine can make the leaf node short, the plant shape compact and plump. Due to the lack of light, the growth of cultured trees is slow. Do not suddenly transfer the plant from the shade to the strong light, otherwise the leaves will be burned and scorched, affecting the beautiful [temperature] rich trees prefer a warm and humid climate, and the general growth stage of 15 degrees 30 degrees is the most suitable. Winter should be indoors for the winter, the best room temperature is not less than 5 degrees [watering] the wealth tree should be kept moist at ordinary times, be sure not to be too wet, so as to avoid rotting roots. The wealth trees placed indoors are watered every 5 days in summer, and once every 8 days in spring and autumn. In winter, watering should be controlled. If the basin soil is slightly moist, organic liquid fertilizer can be applied once in 2-3 months. Multi-element compound fertilizer with high content of phosphorus and potassium can also be applied to promote the hypertrophy of the base of the stem and improve the ornamental value. The high temperature and humidity season in summer is very beneficial to the growth of wealth trees, so at this stage, the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened [economic value] the wealth tree has beautiful shape, bright green leaves, spindle shape, and can compile a variety of shapes. You can also make bonsai with a variety of unique styles. Because of its oily seeds, it has been widely popularized as a woody oil plant in the tropics.

Cuff coconut [alias] dwarf coconut, dwarf coconut, pocket coconut sunflower, pocket coconut, sunflower, pocket palm, coconut, sunflower, coconut, coconut, cocon The basin is changed once every two years in spring, because the root is very slender, so we should avoid injuring too many roots, and the suitable temperature for its recovery growth [temperature and environment] is 20 degrees 30 degrees, 13 degrees into dormancy, and the overwintering temperature is 10 degrees. Afraid of direct sunlight, not resistant to drought. In the hot sun, the color of its leaves will turn pale or yellow, and when it is serious, it will cause sunburn, produce scorched leaves and black spots, and lose its ornamental value [fertilization and watering] the growth period of this species is from March to September, so it is necessary to water in time to keep the basin soil moist, but watering should be based on the principle of dry rather than wet. When the air is dry and hot in summer and autumn, the foliar surface is often sprayed with water to increase air humidity. Water less during the dormant period to keep the basin a little dry. Fertilize 1 mi twice a month in the growing season, and stop applying fertilizer at the end of September [economic value] this species has a small plant shape, beautiful and elegant shape, green and glossy leaves, strong negative tolerance and tropical amorous feelings.

King coconut [family] wax palm subfamily stream palm genus [origin] eastern Madagascar [growth habits] born in marshes and river eyes along Rain Water and sunny areas. Sex likes the environment with sufficient light and water, and is more cold-tolerant, and the shade-tolerant soil is not strict on the soil, but the loose, fertile and well-drained soil is more favorable for its growth [temperature]. The optimum temperature for growth is 22m / 30 degrees. When potted, you can enter the house to spend the winter in cold areas [fertilize] like magnesium fertilizer, topdressing once a month, can make the leaf color emerald green, lack of magnesium leaf color yellowing [economic value] this species trunk is stout, the plant shape is elegant and light, green and beautiful, and its feathery compound leaves are like feathers. At the same time, because of its large adaptation area and good growth, it is an increasingly popular landscaping tree species. Potted plants are used for indoor furnishings and are quite tropical.

Goose palm wood [alias] goose foot wood [family genus] Araliaceae Araliaceae [origin] New Hebrides in the South Pacific Ocean [growth habits] like high temperature, high humidity [soil] cultivated soil with good drainage loam or sandy loam is the best [temperature and environment] the suitable temperature for growth is about 20 ℃ 28 degrees. The temperature is generally no less than 12 degrees and no higher than 30 degrees. If the winter temperature is too low, the leaves will fall and the ornamental value will be lost. Keep warm when the temperature drops to 5 degrees. Avoid strong direct sunlight throughout the day in summer. Not only should Chen put it in a bright place in the room, but also can not let the sun shine directly. When placed in the dark, the yellow-and-white patches of variegated leaf varieties will gradually disappear. After being directly exposed to strong light, the leaves are easy to turn yellow and fall off. When the balcony was planted. It should be shaded in spring and summer and light in autumn and winter. The basin soil should be dry and wet in spring and autumn, wet in summer and dry in winter. The selectivity of water quality is not strong. The growing period is mainly from April to October, fertilizing once a month [economic value] the leaves are oil-green, palmately compound and leathery; variegated varieties, alternating yellow and green, are an ideal indoor ornamental plant. Goose palm wood is resistant to pruning, strong germination, elegant plant posture, especially used to beautify the room can be comparable with high-end flower species. The goose palm firewood is the source of nectar in winter, and the root bark and leaves can be used as medicine.

Short spike fish tail sunflower [alias] tufted fish tail sunflower wine coconut [family] Palm family fish tail sunflower [origin] China Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan Indo-China [growth habits] semi-positive tree species, growing poorly in strong sunlight, like warm, high humidity and well-ventilated environment, has strong cold tolerance, and is one of the more cold-tolerant palm plants [soil]. The root system is well developed, and the requirements of soil conditions are not strict. when potted, garden soil and humus soil can be used as substrate. Generally change the basin every 1-2 years, remove part of the old soil when changing the basin, cut off part of the old roots, replant with new soil, and add a small amount of rotten organic fertilizer [temperature] the suitable temperature for growth is 18 Mel 30 degrees, the overwintering temperature is 3 degrees, and it can endure a low temperature of 2 degrees for a short time. If the temperature is lower than this for a long time, it will suffer frost damage [light]. It should have sufficient sunlight during the growing period, and it has strong adaptability to light. It is also suitable for the cultivation of ornamental [watering] roots in bright indoor light, which has a strong ability to resist drought. During the growth period from March to October, it can be watered once a day. When watering in other seasons, it is necessary to master moderate dryness and humidity, and avoid stagnant water in the basin soil. so as not to cause rotten roots. You only need to keep the basin soil moist when dormant, and spray water on the leaves in dry climates to ensure that the leaves are green and glossy. During the growth period, liquid fertilizer or compound fertilizer is usually applied twice a month to promote exuberant plant growth [economic value] this kind of plants grow in clusters, with graceful plant shape, luxuriant branches and leaves, full and layered tree shape, strange leaf shape and dark green leaf color. Decorate plants for excellent indoor greening. Often planted in medium and large pots, placed in lobbies, foyer, conference rooms and other places, extraordinary style. The stem pith contains starch, which can be used to make "sago". Inflorescence juice can be used to make sugar and wine.

Green pineapple is also called citrus fruit. Araceae, a large evergreen climbing vine. Native to the Solomon Islands, tropical regions often climb on the rocks and tree trunks of fish forests and can grow into giant vines. The green leaves have yellow patches. Green pineapple is one of the excellent interior decoration plants. The stem of the radish is thin and soft, and the leaves are delicate and beautiful, just like emerald relief. The bright green decoration is full of vitality and adds harmony to the room. It has strong negative resistance and is an excellent material for beautifying the living room. It is furnished indoors and can make the room full of vitality. Temperature: like warm environment; minimum temperature of overwintering is 10-13 ℃; green pineapple is 16 ℃. Light: prefer a semi-overcast environment; grow well in a brighter room; excellent varieties of flowers and leaves are easy to die in weak light. Moisture: there should be sufficient water in the basin soil in spring, summer and autumn, and watering should be reduced when the surface of the basin soil is 1-2 cm dry; low temperature in winter should be reduced. Air humidity: like high temperature and high humidity; should often spray water to the plant. Change the basin: change the basin in spring as needed. Propagation: cuttings with branches in spring and summer are easy to take root; totem poles must be cut with top cuttings with large leaves, so they can take shape more quickly.

Brazilian wood is known as fragrant dragon blood tree, alias Brazilian iron tree, Brazilian millennium wood, Phnom Penh fragrant dragon blood tree, for Liliaceae, dragon blood tree plants. Origin and habits: Brazilian wood is native to the tropics. The sex likes the environment with sufficient light, high temperature, high humidity, shade and dryness, and grows well in the bright scattered light and the dry environment of the northern bedroom. Morphological features: Brazilian evergreen trees, neat plant shape, straight and straight stem. The leaf cluster is born at the top of the stem, 40-90 cm long and 6-10 cm wide, the tip is slightly obtuse, curved into a bow, with bright yellow or milky stripes; the leaf margin is bright green, undulating and glossy. The flowers are small. Yellowish green, fragrant. Propagation technology: Brazilian wood is propagated by cutting method. The technique strips trimmed from the poor plant shape are used as cutting materials, cut into 5-10 cm segments, and cut upright or recumbent on a cutter with coarse sand or vermiculite as medium. Water culture can also be used to promote its rooting. The specific method is to cut off the stem, into the water, the cross section to be smooth, the upper end to prevent water evaporation can be coated with wax, which is particularly important in the dry season, the lower end is immersed in water 2-3 cm, the temperature is above 25 ℃, water and containers should be kept clean. The top with leaves can take root faster, and it can take root in 3-4 weeks, while the stem segment can take root slowly, sometimes it takes 2-3 months to grow new roots and buds. Management technology: as long as the temperature and other conditions are suitable, Brazilian wood can grow all year round. When it is high in summer, it should be shaded properly, and the room temperature in winter should not be lower than 5 ℃. But it is best to make it dormant in winter, dormancy temperature is 13 ℃, the temperature is too low, leaf tip and leaf edge will appear chloasma. Brazilian wood in the room should be in a place with plenty of light. If the light money is too weak, the markings on the leaves will turn green, the basal leaves will yellowing, and lose the ornamental value. During the cultivation period, the water quality should be kept clean and watered once or twice a week. It is not easy to have too much water to prevent the tree trunk from rotting. When it is hot in summer, spray can be used to improve the air humidity and spray water on the leaves to keep it moist. Brazilian wood should be properly fertilized outside the root during the growing period, with 100 times dilution of nutrient spray leaves, once every semimonthly, after several years of cultivation, the plant is too tall or the lower leaves of the stem fall off, and the plant shape is poor, it should be pruned. Change the basin or soil every early spring. Potted Brazilian wood, if the environment is not suitable, there will be red spiders, thrips, shell insects and other harm. In addition, excessive ventilation, drought, irregular watering and excessive fertilization can cause leaf tip scorch. Ornamental value: Brazilian wood is quite popular indoor large potted flowers and trees, especially in the wider living room, study, living room display, elegant style, simple, and with southern flavor. It is a beautiful, regular and world-famous new generation of indoor foliage plants.

Peacock taro, also known as taro, is a foliage plant of the genus Taro of the family Taro. The base has tuber, the plant height 20Mel 30cm, the leaf is long oval, the leaf surface is green and white, the middle rib edge has more than in the original brown spot, the leaf is evergreen all the year round, has the unique metallic luster; the brown patch is like the peacock with open screen, the color is fresh, gorgeous, soft, is the common indoor foliage plant. Many plants of this genus have high ornamental value and are important plants used to decorate indoor environment all over the world. The common varieties are: (1) spotted leaf taro. Also known as Pueraria lobata, leaves long oval, large and thin, green leaves like velvet, leaf ribs on both sides of zebra stripes like feather stripes, leaf back purplish red. (2) Red-backed Pueraria lobata. The leaf is wide oval, the surface is green, the markings are not obvious, the leaf back is purplish red. (3) Pueraria lobata. Also known as arrow feather leaf taro, green leaves, yellow pinnate stripes on both sides of the ribs, dark purple on the back of the leaves, and yellowish flowers. (4) White-spotted taro. The plant is 50ml 60 cm high, the stem is weak, the leaves are large and thin, the leaves are ovate-lanceolate, and there are irregular white patches on the green leaves. (5) double-line taro. Also known as red-feathered taro, long oval leaves, light green surface, white or pink parallel double stripes on both sides of the ribs, very beautiful. Peacock taro is native to America. It has a sexual preference for semi-shade and high temperature and humid environment, and is not resistant to cold. The suitable growth temperature is 20 ℃ 30 ℃, more than 35 ℃ or less than 7 ℃, which is bad for growth. The overwintering temperature should not be on the low side, otherwise the leaves are easy to curl. It is required that the soil is loose, rich in biomass and well drained. The propagation of bamboo taro plants mainly uses the method of dividing plants, which is usually carried out in combination with turning pots from April to May in spring. Ramet should not be premature, otherwise the low temperature is easy to hurt the root, affecting the survival and growth. When ramet, it can be separated into 2mur3 clumps into one plant, too little will affect the growth, pour water once after planting, and keep it in a semi-shady place. Watering should be controlled before the new roots are sent out, so as not to make the soil too wet. Potted soil can be mixed with 3 parts of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of peat or sawdust and 1 part of sand, and a small amount of bean cake is added as base fertilizer. When putting on the basin, the bottom of the basin is padded with 3 cm thick coarse sand as a drainage layer to facilitate drainage. From May to September, the plants are shaded or semi-shaded, and the light transmittance is maintained at 40%, 60%, so as to avoid direct sunlight, otherwise the leaves are easy to burn or the edges are scorched and curled. If it is kept indoors for a long time, the temperature is low and the light is insufficient, it will also grow weak and lose the unique luster on the leaf surface. Direct sunlight through glass is acceptable in winter. Bamboo taro requires higher humidity, usually maintenance can put the flowerpot on the upside-down flowerpot, and often spray water to the leaf surface and the surrounding environment, keep the surrounding and the ground moist, in order to achieve the purpose of increasing environmental humidity. The pot soil should be watered if it is not dry, otherwise the leaves are easy to curl the scorched edge because of the dry. During the peak growing season, apply light cake fertilizer or long-term chemical fertilizer once a week, not too much nitrogen fertilizer. When the summer temperature is high, thin fertilizer can be applied once a month, and the temperature is below 15 ℃ to stop fertilization. Good ventilation should be maintained during maintenance, otherwise scale insects are easy to occur, which affect the growth of stems and leaves and reduce the ornamental value. Peacock bamboo taro is a perennial evergreen herb. The leaves have pinnate markings of dark green and white or yellowish alternation, and have a unique metallic luster, like the tail feathers of peacocks, hence the name. The peacock bamboo taro plant is small and beautiful, and its leaves are fresh and gorgeous, so it has become one of the best foliage plants. Pot culture should choose rotten leaf soil, garden soil and a small amount of river sand mixed culture soil. During the growth period, dilute liquid fertilizer is applied about every 3 to 4 weeks. When applying nitrogen fertilizer, we should pay attention not to apply too much nitrogen fertilizer. Generally, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 2:1:1, which can make the leaves glossy. Soilless cultivation can also be used to irrigate the nutrient solution once or twice a month during the growth period. Water to keep the basin soil moist. Peacock bamboo taro likes the air to be moist, so we should pay attention to the use of water spraying, sprinkling and other methods to improve air humidity, especially in summer, we should pay more attention to humidification and cooling to facilitate growth. Family maintenance, can be placed in bright indoor light, do not direct light, otherwise it is easy to cause leaf edge scorch. If you keep it in a dimly lit place for a long time, the leaves will lose their unique luster. Put it in a place with sufficient light in winter, at the same time, pay attention to cold protection, room temperature should be kept above 13 ℃, stop fertilization and control watering. The indoor air is dry in winter in the north, in addition to spraying the leaf surface with cold boiled water every 3-5 days, it is best to put on a plastic film cover to keep warm and moisturizing at night. Those who have the conditions can use humidifiers to improve indoor humidity. In order to maintain its gorgeous leaf color, it is often necessary to gently scrub the leaves with clean water. The method of dividing plants is often used to breed peacock bamboo taro. When dividing plants, it is better to plant 3-5 plants in one pot. Picture:

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White crane taro (Spathiphyllum kochii) is also known as white palm, bract taro, different stalk white taro, silver bract taro. Araceae, Amorphophallus (Amorphophallus) genus. Native to tropical America. Morphological characteristics: perennial evergreen herbs. The height of the plant is 30cm to 40cm. Leaves basal, leathery, long elliptic or broadly lanceolate, long pointed, leaves dark green. The leaf is 20cm long and 10cm wide, the petiole is about 30cm long, and the vein is obvious. Because the spoon-shaped bud is as white as snow lotus, it is called white palm; because its white bracts sail like a white boat on the green water, it has the meaning of plain sailing in social communication, in order to encourage life to be enterprising and well-developed. The white crane taro is very similar to the white candle, also has white bracts, but the leaves and flowers are different from the spawn. The bud of the white crane taro turns not outward but inward, and the ovate bracts are not as bright and leathery as the white candle. The cultivated hybrids of the same genus are: perfume white palm: its flowers have a faint fragrance. Hulk white palm: also known as the Hulk, the plant is taller than the white crane taro, the leaf is larger than the white crane taro, the parallel distribution of pinnate lateral veins is more obvious, so it is more vigorous, is a trendy indoor potted plant. Habits: like warm, humid and semi-overcast environment, avoid direct sunlight, afraid of cold. Avoid sticking heavy soil, should be rich in humus sandy loam. Cultivation and management: White crane taro is more shade-tolerant, as long as it has about 60% scattered light to meet its growth needs, so it can be kept indoors with bright scattered light all the year round. Summer can cover 60% to 70% of the sun, avoid bright light, otherwise the leaves will turn yellow, and sunburn will occur in serious cases. Greenhouse cultivation in northern winter can not shade or less shade. If the light is too dark for a long time, it is not easy to blossom. White crane taro is a high-temperature-loving species, which should be cultivated in high-temperature greenhouse. The lowest temperature in winter should be 14-16 ℃ at night and about 25 ℃ in daytime. Long-term low temperature is easy to cause leaf shedding or scorched yellow. During the growth period, we should often keep the basin soil moist, but to avoid watering too much, the basin soil is moist for a long time, otherwise it is easy to cause rotten roots and plants withered and yellow. In summer and dry season, we should often use a fine-eye sprayer to spray water on the leaf surface, and sprinkle water on the ground around the plant to keep the air moist, which is very beneficial to its growth and development. If the climate is dry and the air humidity is low, the new leaves will become small and yellow, and when they are serious, they will wither and yellow and fall off. Watering should be controlled in winter, and the basin soil should be slightly wet. In the peak growing season, thin compound fertilizer or rotten cake fertilizer is applied every 1-2 weeks, which is not only conducive to plant growth, but also conducive to continuous flowering. The winter temperature in the north is low, so fertilization should be stopped. Potted soil can be evenly mixed with rotten leaf soil or peat soil plus 1 to 4 river sand or perlite, plus a small amount of bone powder or cake powder as base fertilizer. The basin soil requires good looseness, drainage and air permeability. Generally speaking, before a large number of new buds germinate in early spring, the basin should be changed once every year, part of the persistent soil should be removed, the root system should be trimmed, and the new culture soil should be added and planted in the larger basin to facilitate the root system development and growth. Reproduction: it can be propagated by ramet and sowing, or mass propagated by tissue culture. 1. Ramet propagation: because the white crane taro is easy to sprout, it is often propagated by this method. The plants with strong growth can be divided into plants once every 2 years. Before the emergence of new buds in early spring, the whole plant is poured out of the basin, the persistent soil is removed, and the rhizome is cut at the base of the plant. Each clump had better have more than 3 stems and buds, and should bring as many root groups as possible to facilitate the rapid emergence of new leaves and plump plant shape. 2. Sowing and reproduction: it is not difficult to reproduce in this way. Seeds can be obtained by artificial pollination in a greenhouse. After the seeds are mature, the sowing temperature should be about 25 ℃ when the seeds are harvested and sown, and the seeds are easy to rot at low temperature. Diseases and insect pests: fat, freezing injury, leaves easy to yellow tip. The soil should be changed immediately at this time.

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Mary Andai pink leaves, also known as flowers and leaves evergreen, silver spot evergreen, native to tropical America, plant height 30-90 cm, flowers erect, internodes short, leaves long oval, slightly wavy margin, leaf surface covered with a variety of milky white or milky yellow markings or spots, sexual shade tolerance, green tingling. The main cultivated varieties are Marianne, KIKI, Golden Sun, Baiyu, Duozi zebra, Golden Baoyu, Paradise evergreen and so on. The optimum temperature for the growth of Daifen leaves is 25: 30 ℃, 30 ℃ in the daytime and 25 ℃ at night. The growth range is 18: 30 ℃ from February to September and 13: 18 ℃ from September to February of the following year. The temperature in winter is not lower than 10 ℃, otherwise the leaves are vulnerable to freezing damage. Dai Fan Ye likes the ambient humidity of 80%. If the soil is to dry to the surface, 2cm will have to be watered. During the growing period, it should be fully watered and sprayed to the leaf surface. If you do not spray water for a long time, the leaf surface will be rough and lose its luster. The soil moisture is the most suitable for dry and wet order, which should be watered more in summer and controlled in winter. Daifen leaves are shady and afraid of the sun. When the light is too strong, the leaf surface becomes rough. leaf edges and tips are easy to scorch, even large area burns. If the light is too weak, the color of the yellow-white patch will turn green, grow best under the bright scattered light, and the leaf color is brighter and more beautiful. The soil should be rich, loose and well drained loam. Potted soil uses a mixture of rotten leaf soil and coarse sand. [propagation methods] Cuttage, sowing and tissue culture are commonly used. Cutting propagation is the best in the period of high temperature from July to August, cutting the top of the stem 7cm, cutting off part of the leaves, reducing water evaporation, cutting in the sand bed or bandaging the incision with water moss, keeping high air humidity, room temperature 24: 30 ℃, rooting 15-25 days after cutting, transplanting to pot after new buds germinated on the stem segment. Sowing and reproduction: Dai powder leaves must bear fruit after artificial pollination. The seeds should be sowed immediately after maturity, and the seeds should be cleaned to avoid mildew. The pot soil should be disinfected before sowing, cover 1 cm after sowing, keep room temperature 24-29 ℃, germinate 7-14 days after sowing, and transplant when the seedling is 3 cm high. Tissue culture propagation: at present, lateral buds and terminal buds have been used as explants. After routine disinfection, they were inoculated on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg / L 6-benzylaminoadenine and 2 mg / L naphthylacetic acid. 45 days later, when the adventitious buds grew to 2 cm, they were transferred to 1/2MS medium supplemented with 2 mg / 1 indole acetic acid. After about 20 to 25 days, they could root and form complete plantlets. [cultivation management] 15-20 cm pots are commonly used in potted plants of Dai powder leaves. Fertilize once every semimonthly during the growing period, or use "Huiyou" 20 Mel 8 Mel 20 with high potassium nitrate fertilizer for four seasons. If the room temperature is below 15 ℃, the fertilizer will be stopped. If the winter temperature is lower than 10 ℃, too much watering will cause defoliation and stem top ulceration. If the plant is only deciduous and the stem is not rotten, it can continue to sprout and spread its leaves after the temperature rises. After growing for 1-2 years, there are more tillers at the base of potted plants, which can be combined with changing pots for split propagation. If the plant grows taller, the shoot can be cut off by leaving the basal 2-3 nodes, and the remaining stem nodes can still sprout and branch and maintain a better plant shape. [pest control] there are mainly bacterial leaf spot, brown spot and anthracnose, which can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times. Sometimes root rot and stem rot harm occur, in addition to pay attention to ventilation and reduce humidity, you can use 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 times liquid spray control. [postpartum treatment] Dai powder leaves with large leaves, with beautiful color spots, suitable for potted ornamental, decorated living room, study, very comfortable and elegant. With it placed in public places with low luminosity, Daifen leaves still grow normally, with green leaves, luxuriant branches and full of vitality, which is especially suitable for configuration in modern buildings. Daifen leaves can endure 14 days in the dark and are stored and transported at 15 ℃ and 90% relative humidity. Picture:

Beautiful needle sunflower, also known as soft-leaf sunflower, is a palm jujube foliage plant. Beautiful needle sunflower is an evergreen shrub with short and thick stems, usually solitary and tufted, with a plant height of 1m. The leaves are flaky, erect at birth, slightly curved and drooping after a little longer, with long spines and triangular protuberances on both sides of the petiole base, which is one of its characteristics; the leaflets are lanceolate, about 20ml 30cm long and 1cm wide, soft and arc-shaped. Inflorescences of fleshy spikes axillary, 20ml 50 cm long, dioecious. The fruit is about 1.5 cm long, light green at first and jujube when ripe. Beautiful needle sunflower is native to Indochina and is widely cultivated in the provinces and regions of southern China. There are about 17 species of plants of the same genus, mainly found in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. Its tropical climate of high temperature and humidity, light and shade tolerance, drought tolerance, barren tolerance, like good drainage, fertile sandy loam. It has strong cold tolerance and can survive the winter at about 0 ℃ in winter. Beautiful needle sunflower is used to sow and reproduce. Pollination after flowering is easy to bear fruit. The fruit matures from October to November and is sown immediately after harvest or sown in the following spring. Sow the seeds in the river sand to keep the substrate moist. Seedlings can emerge at 20 ℃ 30 ℃ for 2-3 months or more. Dilute liquid fertilizer was applied when the cotyledon degree of the seedlings reached 5ml / 10cm, then pots were transplanted, and the management of water and fertilizer was strengthened. The pot culture of beautiful needle sunflower can use 2 parts of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of garden soil and 1 part of river mixture as the substrate, and add a small amount of base fertilizer when planting. It has strong adaptability and simple cultivation and maintenance. During the peak growth period from April to September, liquid fertilizer was applied twice a month to keep the basin soil moist, and the dry air sprayed water to the plant once a day to improve the air humidity of the environment and benefit the plant growth; in other seasons, less fertilization or no fertilizer could be applied, and the basin soil could be kept wet. When the light is strong from June to September, it should be shaded (50% shading degree is appropriate) to prevent the leaves from yellowing; other seasons should be given more sufficient light to facilitate plant growth. The beautiful needle sunflower is prone to shell insects when the air is dry and the ventilation is poor. If shell insects are found, they should be prevented and controlled. Generally, 800 times omethoate can be sprayed, and ventilation and ventilation conditions are improved at the same time. Beautiful needle sunflower branches and leaves arch like umbrella-shaped, leaves evenly distributed and green bright, is an excellent potted foliage plant. Use it to decorate the interior, but it is permeated with tropical atmosphere. In general, small and medium-sized pots are suitable for living rooms, study and other places, appear elegant and generous; potted plants in large plants are often used to decorate the meeting hall, hall, etc., appear solemn and majestic. Picture:

One leaf orchid scientific name: Aspidistra elatior English name: Common Aspidistra alias: Spider holding egg. Family name: Liliaceae morphological characteristics: evergreen herbs, with rhizomes. Leaves elliptic needle-lanceolate, dark green, margin microwave-shaped. The flower is bell-shaped. The flowering period is April. The capsule is spherical. Like shade can not tolerate strong light, like warm and cold-resistant, like moist, should be drained well and fertile sandy loam.

Silver queen Latin name: Aglaonema commulatum cv.Silvcr Queen alias: silver queen evergreen, silver queen thick rib grass, silver queen bright silk grass botanical characteristics: > is a perennial herb. The plant height is 30ml 40 cm, the stem is erect and unbranched, and the internodes are obvious. The leaves are alternate, the petiole is long, the base is enlarged into a sheath, the leaf is narrow and long, light green, the leaf surface has gray-green stripes, and the area is larger. The Silver Queen is famous for its unique air purification ability: the higher the concentration of pollutants in the air, the more it can exert its purification ability! Therefore, it is very suitable for dark rooms with poor ventilation. This kind of plant with gray leaves likes to live in a constant temperature. If it is watered with warm water, it can survive for a long time. Can be removed: formaldehyde, nicotine "Silver Queen can absorb radiation from the printer."

Tiger tail orchid, also known as tiger skin orchid, millennium orchid, is a perennial herbaceous foliage plant of Liliaceae. The lower part of the tiger-tail brandy has a tough rhizome and is stemless. Leaves clustered, fleshy linear-lanceolate, hard leathery, erect, base slightly furrowed; dark green, with horizontal stripes of light green and dark green on both sides, slightly powdered. Raceme of white to light green flowers with a sweet and elegant fragrance; flowering in spring and summer. Common cultivated varieties are: Phnom Penh tiger tail orchid: shaped like tiger tail orchid, but the leaf edge is inlaid with golden broad-spotted belt. Magnolia przewalskii: it is a dwarf species with a plant height of about 10mi 20cm. It is a mutant of Phnom Penh with short and broad leaves and overlapping growth. Onion leaf tiger tail orchid: also known as pillar leaf tiger tail orchid. The leaf is cylindrical, the whole leaf is about the same thickness up and down, the end is slightly pointed and thin, the leaf surface has a longitudinal shallow groove, and each leaf grows independently. Tiger tail orchid is native to ten arid areas of Africa and southern Asia, and is cultivated all over China. It has strong adaptability, warm and humid sex, drought tolerance, light tolerance and shade tolerance. The requirement of soil is not strict, and the sandy loam with better drainage is better. The suitable temperature for growth is 20-30 ℃, and the overwintering temperature is 10 ℃. Cymbidium can be propagated by ramet and cuttage. After the temperature rises in spring every year, the whole plant is separated from the basin, the old culture soil is removed, the rhizome is exposed, and it is cut into several plants along its direction, so that each plant contains at least 4 mature leaves, and then planted in the pot with the new culture soil. The cutting propagation material is leaf (that is, leaf cutting), which can be carried out when the temperature is above 15 ℃. The mature leaves were transversely cut into 7 Mel 8 cm long segments, which were used as cuttings, dried slightly and inserted in the river sand. Be careful not to cut upside down when cutting; keep a certain degree of humidity, but it should not be too wet to avoid decay. Adventitious buds and roots can grow from the incision in about a month, and new plants can grow. Phnom Penh and variegated leaf varieties use leaf cuttings to produce green seedlings, Phnom Penh and spotted mausoleum disappear, reducing the ornamental value, so these varieties are not suitable for leaf cutting propagation, can only be propagated by ramets. The pot cultivation of Magnolia can use the same amount of rotten leaf soil and garden soil and a small amount of mature base fertilizer as the substrate. It grows well under the condition of sufficient light, except in midsummer to avoid the direct sun, other seasons should accept more sunlight; if placed in the indoor light is too dark for a long time, the leaves will be dark, lack of vitality. In addition, if it is placed indoors for a long time, it is not advisable to suddenly move directly to the sun. It is better to move to the light first, so that it can have an adaptation process and then see the sun, so that the leaves will not be burned. Watering should be appropriate and master the principle that it would rather be dry than wet. Usually scrub the foliar dust with clean water to keep the leaves clean and bright. When sprouting new plants at the root neck in spring, the basin soil should be properly watered to keep the basin soil moist; in summer high temperature season, the basin soil should always be kept moist; the amount of watering should be controlled after the end of autumn, and the basin soil should be kept relatively dry to enhance cold resistance. It does not have high requirements for fertilizer, and it applies dilute liquid fertilizer twice a month in the growing season to ensure that the leaves are green and thick. Tiger tail orchid leaves are firm and erect, with gray-white and dark green tiger-tail stripes, resolute posture, strange and interesting; it has many varieties, great changes in plant shape and leaf color, exquisite and chic; it has strong adaptability to the environment. It is a kind of indomitable plant, widely used in cultivation and widely used as a common potted foliage plant in home. It is suitable for decorating study, living room and office, which can be enjoyed for a long time.

Fugui bamboo, also known as Xianda dragon blood tree, is a foliage plant of the family Liliaceae. Fugui bamboo is a small evergreen tree with no rhizome underground and yellowish brown roots. The speckle color of the leaf varies from variety to variety. Common cultivated varieties are: Phnom Penh rich bamboo: leaf edge golden yellow, central green. Sex likes high temperature and high humidity environment, light requirements are not strict, Xiguang can also withstand shade. It is suitable for sandy loam with good drainage. The suitable temperature for growth is 20-30 ℃, and the overwintering temperature is 10 ℃. Rich bamboo is propagated by cuttings. Cuttings are mostly combined with shaping and pruning. With the growth and height of the plant for many years, the leaves at the base of the stem often fall off and the shape of the plant becomes worse; in the growing season, the stem can be cut by 5 cm and 10 cm as cuttings, which can be cut in vermiculite or river sand, which can take root and sprout in 1-2 weeks. The pot cultivation of rich bamboo can be planted with the same amount of rotten leaf soil, garden soil and river sand, or coconut bran and rotten leaf soil with a small amount of base fertilizer as culture soil. The key to management is to master humidity and temperature. The growing season should often keep the basin soil moist, and often spray water to the leaf surface, in order to maintain a higher environmental humidity, too dry will make the leaf tip dry; in winter, the basin soil should not be too damp, but it is often necessary to spray water to the leaf surface, and pay attention to cold prevention work at the same time, so as to prevent the leaves from yellowing, atrophy and even shedding. Liquid fertilizer or granular compound fertilizer was applied 2 or 3 times a month from May to September to keep the leaves green and bright. It is not strict with light and is suitable to grow under bright scattered light to avoid direct sunlight. If exposed or dried, it will make the leaves rough, scorched, lack of luster and reduce the ornamental value.

Anthurium andraeanum scientific name: Anthurium andraeanum Anthurium andraeanum alias: fire crane flower, candle, Anzu flower, red crane taro. Anthuriaceae: Anthurium of Araceae. Origin and distribution of Anthurium andraeanum: Anthurium andraeanum is native to the tropical regions of America and likes a warm and humid climate. Sex likes warm, humid and semi-shady environment, but does not bear shade, likes sunshine but avoids direct sunlight, is not resistant to cold, likes fat and avoids salt and alkali. At present, the greenhouse with light, temperature and water regulation system is used for cut flower cultivation. Good cut flowers and potted flowers have also been cultivated in simple shade sheds in frost-free hot areas of Yunnan. With the improvement of economic level, Anthurium andraeanum has a good application prospect as a high-grade flower. The flowers of Anthurium andraeanum are unique, bright and gorgeous, colorful and varied, and the flowering period is long, the flowers bloom continuously in four seasons, the vase life is very long, the aquaculture period can be up to 1 month, and the single flowering period of potted plants can reach 4-6 months. The suitable temperature for growth is 25 ℃, and the overwintering temperature should be kept above 15 ℃. The acid soil with loose air permeability, good drainage, rich humus and pH 5.5 / 6.5 is required. Morphological characteristics of Anthurium andraeanum: it is a perennial herb of Araceae, with a height of 30-70cm, leaves drawn from short stems, leathery, long heart-shaped, all-green, petiole hard and slender, 30 cm long and about 10 cm wide. The flower is terminal, about 50 cm long, the Buddha's flame bract is heart-dirty, 10 ~ 20 cm long and 8 ~ 10 cm wide, the surface is wrinkled, the spawn has a bright waxy luster, the fleshy inflorescence is cylindrical, erect, about 6 cm long, yellow, at first glance, it looks like an artificial false flower, the flower posture is strange and beautiful, and the cut flower has a life span of more than 30 days, which is an advanced flower material for flower arrangement. A wide variety of similar varieties, there are red, pink, scarlet, white, red background green lines, green, orange and other colors, the florescence is long, can blossom throughout the year. Perennial epiphytic evergreen herbaceous flowers. The height of the plant can reach 1 meter and the Internode is short. Leaves extracted from rhizome, long-stalked, solitary, oblong, heart-shaped or ovoid, dark fresh green, glossy. The flower bud is drawn from the leaf axil and the flame is upright, leathery, ovoid, orange or scarlet. Its varieties are milky white, mosaic white-green, five-color and exquisite red edge varieties, which are very varied. Inflorescences sessile, Terete, erect, slightly decumbent. Flowers bisexual, perianth 4-lobed, stamens 4, ovary 2-loculed, each locule with 1-2 ovules. There are 2-4 seeds in the small berries, pink, concentrated on the fleshy inflorescences. It is one of the most valuable cut flower varieties nowadays. Because of its bright flowers, waxy outer cover and long shelf life, it has become an important flower arrangement for high-end occasions. Anthurium andraeanum ecological habits: like the environment with high air humidity and smooth drainage, like shade, warm and hot. It can blossom and bear fruit all the year round in the environment where the temperature is not higher than 28 ℃ in the daytime and no less than 20 ℃ at night. Sunburn occurs when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, growth is affected when the temperature is lower than 14 ℃, and the plant will freeze to death when the continuous low temperature is lower than 0 ℃. The air humidity is required to reach 80%, and the soil pH value is 5.5 and the EC value is 1.2. The soil is required to be loose and fertile, and soilless cultivation is the best. The optimum growth temperature of Anthurium andraeanum for propagation and cultivation is 20-30 ℃, the highest temperature should not exceed 35 ℃, and the lowest temperature is 14 ℃. If it is lower than 10 ℃, it may cause freezing injury at any time. The optimum air relative humidity is 70% Mel 80%, which should not be less than 50%, because keeping a high air humidity in the cultivation environment is the key to the success of Anthurium andraeanum cultivation. Therefore, foliar spraying should be carried out many times throughout the year. Anthurium andraeanum is not tolerant to strong light and should be cultivated in a shady environment throughout the year, that is, it should be cultivated in a greenhouse with protective facilities. It should be properly shaded in spring, summer and autumn, especially 70% shading in summer. Direct sunlight will make the leaf temperature higher than the air temperature, and if the leaf temperature is too high, there will be burns, scorched leaves, bud discoloration and slow leaf growth. 1. Anthurium andraeanum propagation: it is usually propagated in separate plants. at present, tissue culture is often used to propagate in large quantities, and seeds are used in breeding. The tiller buds of the adult mother plant can be divided and planted in spring, and the young leaves are mostly used as explants in tissue culture, which are induced by callus to differentiate buds, then rooting and seedling formation, and it takes about 4 months from inoculation to seedling transplantation. flowering 2-3 years after planting. 2. Cultivation of Anthurium andraeanum: Anthurium andraeanum is cultivated in greenhouse, and it can also be cultivated in pot. A greenhouse with heating, ventilation and shading is required. Soilless cultivation should be carried out, and the suitable culture medium should be the mixture of vermiculite, perlite and peat. Usually from January to May, the seedlings were planted with 7 leaves from January to May, with a height of about 30cm, ridging 30cm, planting on the ridge, the plant row spacing was 30 × 40cm, drip irrigation was used and the nutrient solution was applied twice a week. Pay attention to the adjustment of temperature, humidity and light during growth. The suitable temperature is 27 ℃ and 28 ℃. The temperature is cooled by spraying water and ventilating during the high temperature period in summer, and the night temperature is kept at 15 min in winter. The light is adjusted to 20000 Mel 25000 lux, and shaded when it is too strong. Strong light and high temperature in summer can easily cause leaf burns. Too much watering or poor drainage is easy to rot roots. The suitable time for harvesting cut flowers is when the yellow part of fleshy panicle accounts for 1 / 3 and cut off from the base of pedicel. Insert it into the water immediately after harvest. When it needs to be transported, it is fixed according to a single branch and placed in a flat box in layers. Anthurium andraeanum water for a long time, water culture, every 3 days to change water, and cut off the base of the flower stalk 1 cm, keep the incision fresh, in order to facilitate water absorption. It could be stored in 13 ℃ for 4 weeks and kept fresh, and chilling injury occurred when the temperature was below 7 ℃. When potted, the potted soil is made of peat or rotten leaf soil plus rotten horse dung plus an appropriate amount of perlite, which can also be matched with 2pm 3 rotten leaf soil and 1cm 3 river sand. 5Mel 6 leaves on the pot, the seedlings with a small basin, with the growth gradually changed into a large basin, the bottom of the basin more broken tiles to facilitate ventilation, exhaust. Change the basin every 1-2 years, watering with foliar spray is better to keep the foliage moist. During the growing period, thin alum fertilizer was applied once a week. The main pests of Anthurium andraeanum are red spider and shell insect, and the main diseases are anthracnose and leaf spot, which can be sprayed with 1000 times of omethoate and methyl topiramate respectively. Anthurium andraeanum is very popular because of its unique flower shape, colorful flowers and annual flowering, which can be used as cut flowers and potted flowers. Anthurium andraeanum, which is used as a cut flower, is extremely bright red and waxy, and has a long vase life. Potted ornamental spring flowering green leaves with bright red Buddha flame is very beautiful, there are flowers, when there are no flowers to watch the leaves, is an excellent indoor small potted flowers. Often used for the beautification of family rooms, living rooms and conference rooms, Anthurium andraeanum ranks second only to orchids in the global tropical flower trade. Anthurium andraeanum is mainly cut flowers. In recent years, due to the continuous cultivation of new multi-flower varieties.

Emerald forest taro, also known as long heart leaf green velvet, emerald, is a perennial evergreen vine foliage plant of Araceae. The emerald forest taro is a trailing species with a stout stem and air roots on the nodes. The leaf is long heart-shaped, 25ml 35cm long, 12li 18cm wide, without end protruding point, the base is deep heart-shaped, green, entire, shiny. The tender shoots and leaf sheaths are green. Similar to the same good varieties are: Ruby forest taro: also known as ruby, leaves and stems are dark red. Amorphophallus humilis: petioles, abaxial surface of leaves, and young newborn parts are often dark red. Qin Ye Xi Lin taro: meaning split leaf Xi Lin taro, the leaf is violin-shaped, 5-lobed, the base lobe is wide, ear-shaped, the middle is thin, the apex is long oval, the color is dark green, shiny. Heart leaf Xilin taro: also known as keen climbing Xilin taro, round leaf Xilin taro, green stems and leaves, heart-shaped leaves. Emerald forest taro and other trees are mostly native to tropical and subtropical America and climb on tree trunks and rocks. Sex likes warm, humid and semi-overcast environment. The suitable temperature for growth was 20 ℃ and 28 ℃, and the overwintering temperature was 5 ℃. Emerald like forest taro is often propagated by cuttings, and it is easy to take root in high temperature season. Generally, the stem was cut from April to August, the lower leaves were removed, and the cuttings were inserted into the matrix mixed with rotten leaf soil and river sand to keep the substrate and air moist. It can take root and put on the pot after 2 Mel for 3 weeks. The pot substrate of emerald forest taro is better in loam soil which is rich in humus and well drained. Generally, it can be made of 1 part of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of garden soil, 1 part of peat soil and a small amount of river sand and base fertilizer. When planting, you can stand a column in the basin and plant 5 seedlings around it to let it climb and grow. It likes high temperature and humid environment, must keep the basin soil moist, especially in summer can not lack of water, but also often spray water to the leaves; but to avoid basin soil stagnant water, otherwise the leaves are easy to yellowing. Generally, the water should be watered once a day in spring and summer and every 5 days in autumn. In winter, the amount of water should be reduced, but the basin soil should not be completely dry. In the growing season, we should often pay attention to topdressing, generally fertilizing twice a month; slow or stop growing in late autumn and winter, we should stop applying fertilizer. It likes bright light, avoids strong sunlight, and generally needs to be shaded by 50% to 60% in the growing season; but it can also tolerate a dark indoor environment, but too weak light for a long time can easily lead to overgrowth, elongation and weak growth, which is not conducive to viewing. Emerald like forest taro leaves broad and thick green, climbing cultivation can form a green round school, regular and strong plant shape, rich tropical style. It has strong negative tolerance and is very suitable for indoor decoration and cultivation. It is often cultivated in large and medium-sized plants, and it is arranged in halls, conference rooms, offices and so on.

Cymbidium is a perennial evergreen foliage plant of Liliaceae. Cymbidium is a perennial herb with tufted cylindrical hypertrophic fibrous roots and rhizomes. The most important feature of Cymbidium is that mature plants will grow stems from time to time, and small plants will grow at the end of the stem. Flower pavilions slender, longer than leaves, curved; flowers white, clustered in clusters, scattered on inflorescence axis. The florescence is between spring and summer, and it can also bloom indoors in winter. At present, in addition to pure green leaves, there are three kinds of horticultural varieties: Magnolia, Golden Cymbidium and Phnom Penh. Sex likes a warm, humid, semi-overcast environment. It has strong adaptability and is resistant to drought and cold. Instead of soil, it grows better in loose sandy loam. Light requirements are not strict, a ship is suitable for growing in medium light conditions, but also resistant to weak light. The suitable temperature for growth is 1525 ℃, and the overwintering temperature is 5 ℃. Cymbidium can be propagated by ramets. Except that the winter temperature is too low to be suitable for ramet, it can be carried out in other seasons. When the potted plants were planted for 2 to 3 years, the dense potted seedlings were divided into two to several clusters when changing pots in spring, and the plants were potted into new plants respectively. Cymbidium can also be propagated by small plants on the walking stem. In the growing season, the small plants on the stems are cut, planted in the culture soil or in water, and then transplanted into the basin after the small plants take root. In potted cultivation, rotten leaf soil or peat soil, garden soil and river sand are often mixed with a small amount of base fertilizer as substrate. The pots were changed every 2-3 years, and the culture soil was reprepared. The fleshy root has well-developed water storage tissue and strong drought resistance, but it needs more water during the peak growth period from March to September, so it should be watered and sprayed frequently to increase humidity, and gradually reduce the amount of water after autumn to improve the cold resistance of the plant. During the peak growth period, dilute liquid fertilizer was applied twice a month. Nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer, but Jinxin and Phnom Penh varieties should not apply too much nitrogen fertilizer, otherwise the line spot of leaves will not become obvious. Hanging orchid like semi-shady environment, if the light is too strong or insufficient, the leaves will easily become light green or yellowish green, lack of vitality, lose their due ornamental value, or even die; such as direct sunlight, dry air, the most likely to cause hanging orchid scorched, so it should be placed in a cool and ventilated place, and pay attention to maintain environmental humidity. Cymbidium is not easy to suffer from diseases and insect pests, but if the basin soil is stagnant and poorly ventilated, it will not only lead to rotting roots, but also may cause root rot, so attention should be paid to spray control. Hanging orchid, stems and leaves such as orchid, evergreen all the year round, hanging indoors, can be called "flowers in the air". It takes stolons from the axils of leaves and produces many small plants with roots, which droop along the basin and are very elegant. Hanging orchid is also known as indoor air "purifier", it can absorb carbon monoxide, nitrogen peroxide, and other volatile gases, so that the indoor air is purified, which is beneficial to human health. However, the hanging orchid is often easy to wither at the tip of the leaf, which affects the outlook, so attention should be paid to prevention and control. The methods of prevention and control should start from the causes: there are more than 200 kinds of hanging orchids, including Phnom Penh, silver-edged orchids, golden orchids and whole-edge orchids and so on. Cymbidium is native to South Africa, South America and tropical Asia. It is warm, semi-shady, humid and not cold-resistant. If there is insufficient moisture in summer and autumn, or heavy frost in winter, it is often easy to wither leaf tips. Specific prevention and control methods can be taken: (1) often pay attention to watering, spraying, to keep the basin soil and the surrounding air moist. Because its blade is more, hang in the air again, or place balcony ventilated place, need more water. This should often be watered and sprayed to the basin soil and foliage and around the basin. Generally, it can be watered early and late every day in summer and autumn, and watered every 4-5 days in winter and spring, less in winter and a little more in spring. Only in this way can we keep the basin soil moist and the air moist, and at the same time wash the dust and keep the leaves fresh in time, so as to enhance the ornamental quality. (2) place the flowerpot in a semi-shaded place to prevent strong light exposure. Although the orchid needs the right amount of light, but avoid direct sunlight, otherwise it is also easy to cause leaf withering. (3) the orchid should have a large pot with few plants and prefer sandy loam with good drainage and air permeability. For example, a medium-sized flowerpot is suitable for 2-3 plants. If the number of plants is too much, the need for water is also too much, such as the insufficient supply of water content in small soil, and it is easy for leaves to wither. Attention should also be paid to often cutting off withered leaves. It can also be combined with changing pots every spring or autumn, replacing smaller pots with large pots and removing redundant branches and leaves.

Golden amber, also known as yellow thorn, is the most attractive species of cactus in the family cactus and golden amber genus. There are also several main varieties in planting palms, such as white thorns, wild thorns, short thorns, golden amber brocade, golden amber crown and so on. Origin and habits: Golden vetch originated in the desert of Mexico, and now it has been introduced and cultivated in the south and north of China. Golden amber prefers sunny, fertile and permeable sandy loam. The hot period of high temperature in summer should be properly shaded to prevent the sphere from being burned by strong light. Morphological features: Golden amber stem globular, ball dark green, dense yellow hard thorns, ball top densely golden woolly; flowers yellow, terminal in woolly clumps, Lu size, very beautiful and spectacular; fruit scale and woolly, seeds black and smooth. Per reproduction technique: Golden mackerel was propagated by sowing and bulb grafting. 1. Sowing method: the emergence rate of seeds harvested in the same year is high. Sowing takes place from May to September, and the seedling sphere has the size of rice or mung bean 30-40 days after germination, which can be transplanted or grafted on the rootstock to promote growth. 2. The method of seed ball grafting: the seedlings cultivated for more than 3 months are grafted on a tender ruler to promote growth. When the scion grows to a certain size or the rootstock cannot support it, it can be cut off, dry the wound and then cut into the pot. In the good environment of fertile soil and air circulation, the seedlings without grafting grow very fast. After potting, the seedlings or grafted balls should be placed in a semi-shaded place, avoid direct sunlight, and the sphere will not shrink after 7 days and 10 days, that is, it will survive. Management technology: Jinxing likes calcareous sandy loam, which can be mixed with the same amount of coarse sand, loam, rotten leaf soil and a small amount of old wall ash. The basin should be turned over to change the soil and the old roots should be cut off once a year. In the middle of March, take the ball out of the basin and cut off the old root so as not to hurt the main root. After cutting, leave the bad in a ventilated place for 4-5 days to dry the cut; the newly cultivated soil used in turning the basin should use fermented livestock and poultry manure as base fertilizer and mix well with coal ash, plant ash and a small amount of animal bone powder; the basin should be detoxified by means of sunlight, cooking and spraying to prevent rotten balls. Golden amber likes to have plenty of sunshine, but it should be half-shaded in summer. When the temperature is above 35 ℃, it should be shaded around noon to avoid strong sunlight to burn the sphere. Before 10:00 or after 5pm, it can be exposed to the sun to promote more buds, and to avoid excessive shading, the sphere becomes longer and reduces ornamental value. The overwintering temperature was kept at 8: 10 ℃ and the basin soil was kept dry. When the temperature is too low, the sphere will produce macula. Rain-proof in summer. Summer is the peak growing season, and the water demand is increased. If you want to water frequently in case of drought, the best time is in the early morning and evening, do not water too cold in the hot noon, it is easy to cause "cold" and cause disease. If the basin soil is too dry at noon, you can spray less water to make the basin surface moist, not to spray water to the top of the ball and the grafting part, so as not to accumulate water and rot. During the growing period, the rarefied fertilizer solution containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was applied twice in half a month and watered cleanly. Organic fertilizer should be fully mature and properly concentrated. Golden amber has strong nature and strong disease resistance, but it is vulnerable to diseases and pests such as red spider, shell insect and whitefly in summer because of humidity, heat, poor ventilation and other factors. The prevention and control of red spiders, shell insects, whitefly and other diseases and pests should be strengthened. The red spider was sprayed with 40% dimethoate or 90% trichlorfon 1000-1500 times. When shell insects and whiteflies are found, they can be wiped out manually. Ornamental value: Golden mackerel has a long life, easy cultivation, strong adult golden amber flowers, resplendent, and high ornamental value. Moreover, it is a kind of ideal ornamental plant for urban family greening because of its small size and less space.

Ping an tree (cinnamon) Ping an tree is the elegant name of cinnamon plants in Lauraceae and Lauraceae. It is an evergreen small tree with green branchlets, smooth tomentose-free leaves, opposite or subopposite leaves, ovate-long oval, apex tip, thick leathery, leaves about 10 cm to 22 cm long, 5 cm to 8 cm wide, bright green on the front, metallic luster, gray-green to yellowish green on the back, three veins obvious, for the more popular foliage plants. It likes warm, humid, sunny environment, more shade-resistant, warm and hot, no frost and snow, foggy and humid environment, and is not resistant to drought, cold and salinity. The acid sandy loam with loose and fertile, good drainage and rich organic matter should be used for cultivation. The suitable temperature for its growth is from 22 ℃ to 30 ℃, and it cannot tolerate the low temperature below 5 ℃. It should enter the room before Frosts Descent and leave the room after Qingming Festival. Its requirement for light is that from mid-May to mid-October, 40% to 50% of the light should be shielded. Too much light can easily cause burns to the leaves, but it can also grow well if it is placed in an indoor place with sufficient light for a long time. Always keep the basin soil moist during the growing season, and often spray water on the leaf surface and the environment, so that the relative air humidity in the environment is maintained at about 80%. In the irrigation water in the north, 0.1% ferrous sulfate powder should be added, or a small amount of edible vinegar can be dripped to improve the acidity of the water quality to meet its demand for acidic soil environment. Potted plants should loosen the soil once a month during the growing season and always keep their roots in a good state of penetration. When the plant has new leaves, it can be irrigated with thin cake fertilizer once a month, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be applied twice after autumn to increase the cold resistance of the plant. When fertilizing, do not use raw fertilizer, thick fertilizer, large fertilizer, especially forbid high concentration of chemical fertilizer, otherwise it is very easy to cause fertilizer damage to burn roots, resulting in yellowing and scorching leaves and plant death. Under the conditions of poor indoor ventilation, high temperature, high humidity and poor light, brown spot is easy to occur in leaves, but it usually occurs from April to May. The symptoms are as follows: most of them occur on new leaves, oval yellow-brown spots appear on the leaf surface, and then expand continuously. and there are more small black spots in the front of the leaf, the back of the disease spot is purple, and the whole leaf withered and fell off after yellowing. Prevention and treatment: find a small number of diseased leaves, pick and burn them in time. At the initial stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim wettable powder was sprayed 500 times, once every 10 days, 3 to 4 times in a row. A small number of disease spots on family potted plants can be smeared with Dakening cream, which can inhibit the expansion of disease spots. The withered and yellow leaves may be caused by the following reasons: first, for the newly potted plants bought from the south, the root system is seriously damaged, coupled with long-distance transportation, cold weather and other reasons. Second, the yellowing and fallen leaves are caused by chilling injury when the indoor temperature is lower than 5 ℃ in winter. Third, too much watering causes rotten roots to cause plants to yellowing and falling leaves. Fourth, the water quality is too alkaline, resulting in slow yellowing of leaves. Fifth, improper fertilization, fertilization is too much or too thick, resulting in water loss, atrophy and necrosis of nutrient fibrous roots. For the plants whose leaves are yellowing and falling off, you can check their roots. If the roots have partially rotted, cut off the rotten parts and replant them with clean and fresh culture soil. Near the root cut, a circle of moist fine sand should be around, which can promote wound healing and germinate new roots. All the dead branches and leaves can be cut off. After changing the basin, spray more water and less water to keep the basin soil moist. After the middle of April, when the outdoor temperature is not less than 15 ℃, it can be transferred to the outside, and the normal fertilization can not be restored until the new leaves grow.

Zebra evergreen, also known as Dawangdai powder leaf, dumb sugarcane, is a perennial herb of Araceae, with cylindrical stems, fleshy stems and often white rings on the stems, which are traces of leaf backwardness. The evergreen leaves of zebras are long and oval, with irregular white or goose yellow spots and stripes scattered on both sides of the green main vein, which is particularly graceful and elegant, like zebra stripes, so it is known as zebra evergreen. Zebra evergreen is native to Colombia and likes warm and humid climate. the optimum temperature for growth is 25 ℃ to 30 ℃. In winter, the indoor temperature should be maintained at about 15 ℃, with the lowest 10 ℃. Potted soil can be mixed with 7 parts of rotten leaf soil and 3 parts of loam soil and 1 part of Gaza. Zebra leaves like semi-shady environment, avoid direct sunlight, and can be cultivated indoors all the year round. Resistant to moisture, a water plate can be placed at the bottom of the basin, in which water is released, so that the water can constantly infiltrate the basin soil from the small holes in the basin floor. Watering should be controlled in winter, and the lower the temperature is, the less watering should be paid. Some leaves may turn yellow and fall off in winter, but as long as they are not frozen, they can be reissued in the next spring. If you put it indoors for the winter, the growth is weak, and there is a tendency of overgrowth, you can put it in the outdoor semi-shady place for a period of time in the growing season, and then move back to the room after the vitality is restored. Fertilization can be carried out in the growing season, depending on the growth trend, once or twice a month, apply more rotten liquid fertilizer or compound fertilizer to promote green leaves, but nitrogen fertilizer should not be used more. Its "flower" is a typical spike inflorescence of Araceae. There are few or no seeds, so it is difficult to propagate with seeds. Propagation is basically asexual reproduction, and the main methods are tissue culture and cutting. The success coefficient of tissue culture is large and the cost is low, but certain equipment and conditions are needed. The cutting method is to cut the old stem into small segments of 10 to 15 centimeters in spring, obliquely insert it in the sandy soil, keep it moist, wait for rooting and long leaves, and transplant it into a pot, or cut the stem into a small section with one or two nodes in the growing season, with a length of about five or six centimeters. Hang for a few days after the cut is dry and grow directly in the basin, keep it moist, and you can soon send roots and leaves. The stem segment with leaves can also be cut and inserted in a transparent glass water bottle and fixed with white rice stone for architectural decoration. In about half a month, it can be seen to grow white as jade fibrous roots, which can not only watch the leaves but also appreciate the roots. Because its juice is toxic, care should be taken not to touch the skin, mouth and eyes during operation. There are more than 30 varieties belonging to the same genus as zebra leaf evergreen, which also has certain ornamental value, but this species is the largest, with thick and hard leaves, elegant and beautiful stripes and luster, tall plants and stout stems, so it is an ideal indoor ornamental product.

Dryopteris Dryopteris: also known as Anoplophora, it is a perennial herbaceous foliage plant of the genus Dryopteris of the family Pteridaceae. Dryopteris Dryopteris is a small and medium-sized terrestrial fern with a height of 10 mi 40 cm. Rhizome horizontal, dense brown scaly hair, petiole slender and hard, like thread, hence the name Dryopteris. Its ecological habit is to like warm, humid and semi-shady environment. Dryopteris Dryopteris is mainly propagated by ramet. Ramet should be combined with pot change before new buds germinate in spring. Deduct the plants full of pots from the pot, remove most of the old culture soil, cut off their rhizomes, divide them into two to several clumps, and pot them respectively. In addition, the spores of Dryopteris fern are scattered to reproduce and grow in a warm and humid environment after maturation, and they can also be planted in pots when they grow to a certain extent. Dryopteris prefers loose, permeable and fertile calcareous sandy loam, and the cultivated soil can be mixed with loam, rotten leaf soil and river sand. Liquid fertilizer is applied once a week during the growing period, and pay attention to keep the basin soil moist and high air humidity. In the dry season, water can often be sprinkled on the ground around the plant to increase air humidity. Dryopteris likes bright scattered light and avoids direct sunlight. The light is so strong that the leaves turn yellow and even die. It likes warmth and cold tolerance, the suitable temperature for growth is 13 ℃ 22 ℃, and the overwintering temperature is 5 ℃ in winter.

Mountain kelp (dragon blood tree) mountain kelp (Dracaena draco), is one of the species of dragon blood tree, dragon blood orchid genus of tequila family. Mountain and kelp, originally a kind of wild plant in the tropical forest of Hainan Island, has become a shade plant suitable for indoor decoration after artificial domestication and breeding. Morphological features: evergreen trees. The height of the plant can reach 10m and it is slightly branched. Ye Duomi was born on a flat top, sword-shaped, long 45cm~60cm, wide 3cm~4cm, hard and straight, bright green. Panicle, flowers white and greenish. Young foliage trees with no stem or short stem are common in cultivation. Key points of multiplication: cuttings, striping, sowing and propagation can be used. Cutting can use mature coarse branches in early spring, remove leaves, cut and grow 5cm~10cm segments, put them flat in a hotbed with bottom temperature, keep the temperature at 25 ~ 30 degrees Celsius and moist air, and take root in about 1 month. Cuttings outdoors in summer should be shaded by shade. Sowing seeds can be collected on older plants and sown in spring. The cultivated soil should be mixed with rotten leaf soil, clayey loam and sand. Application value: Dragon blood tree is not only foliage flowers, but also flowers, it is suitable to be used as the background material for the layout of the main platform of the large-scale meeting hall, which is very spectacular. The base of leaves, stems and branches can extract traditional Chinese medicine, which has the effect of hemostasis.

Palm bamboo [alias] Guanyin bamboo palm bamboo [family genus] Palm bamboo genus [Origin] Southeast, southern and southwestern China Japan [growth habits] like warm, humid, semi-shaded, well-ventilated environment, drought tolerance, fear of hot sun, the optimum growth temperature is 25mur30 degrees, winter night temperature is not less than 5 degrees, but can withstand short-term low temperature of about 0 degrees, avoid long-term cold wind and frost Generally potted plants can survive the winter safely in the house [soil] like fertile and well-drained sandy loam, and grow well in slightly acidic sandy loam rich in humus [temperature and environment] like warm, humid, semi-shady and ventilated environment. Grow well in a semi-overcast environment, avoid direct sunlight in summer and autumn, it is best to avoid about 70% shade, especially avoid hot sun exposure in summer, otherwise the leaves will turn yellow and the plants will grow slowly. in winter and spring, it is better to get more light [water and fertilizer] during the peak growth period from May to September, keep the soil moist, rather wet than dry, but do not accumulate water or it is easy to rot roots. High temperature period should also often use water to spray leaves and the ground, increase air humidity, and appropriately reduce the amount of water in autumn and winter. When brown bamboo is applied liquid fertilizer twice a month during its growth, it can make the leaves green and green. In winter, it is necessary to stop fertilization [pest control] A well-ventilated environment has few diseases and insect pests, such as poor ventilation and easy occurrence of shell insects and aphids. If a small amount occurs, it should be scraped manually in time, pay attention to ventilation, timely pruning withered branches and leaves [economic value] this species is a traditional fine foliage plant in China, with compact and beautiful plant shape. The leaf shape is beautiful, full of tropical charm and bamboo chic. Potted plants are suitable for display and viewing in family rooms, offices, conference rooms, foyer, etc.

Spring feather English name: Lacy tree philodendron family genus: Araceae: Philodenron selloum Koch spring feather formerly known as pinnatifid taro (feather split vine green down), native to Brazil, Paraguay and other places, perennial herbs. The plant can reach 1 meter in height, the stem is thick and erect, and the diameter is up to 10 cm. There are obvious leaf scars and wired air roots on the stem. The leaf extends in all directions at the top of the stem and has a petiole about 40 cm long and 50 cm long. the leaf body is fresh and glossy, ovate and heart-shaped, up to 60 cm long and 40 cm wide, but the average potted plant is only about half the size, and the whole leaf is pinnately parted and leathery. The leaves of young seedlings were thinner and triangular, and the leaves became larger with the growth, and the more pinnatifid and deeper the pinnatifid. Chunyu likes high temperature and humid environment, light requirements are not strict, not cold-resistant, dark-resistant, indoor light is only in weak places, can be raised in pots, like fertile, loose, well-drained slightly acidic soil, winter temperature is not less than 5 ℃. Cuttage propagation is commonly used. From May to September, cut the sturdy stem 2Mel 3 nodes, insert them directly into the water moss or coarse sand, keep them moist, and take root in about 20 days. Keep the basin soil moist during the growing period, especially in summer, and often spray water on the foliar surface, fertilizing once a month. The plant grows rapidly, needs to change pots every spring, grows slowly in winter, should stop fertilization and reduce water, and family cultivation should be renewed for 3-4 years. Common leaf spot disease and scale insect damage. Leaf spot disease was sprayed with 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution, and shell insects were sprayed with 50% 1000 times solution. Spring feather leaves are very shade-resistant, suitable for indoor hall decoration, especially suitable for decorating music teahouses and hotel lounges. The species of the same genus are Colocasia rubrum.

Yushu, also known as swallow palm, sedum tree and so on, is a plant of crassulaceae and green lock dragon. Originally from South Africa, it is now cultivated all over the country. Evergreen shrubs. Stem Terete, grayish green, articulate. Leaves opposite, flattened, fleshy, elliptic, entire, apex slightly acute, base rounded clasping stem. It's red. Like warm and dry, sunny and ventilated. Like loose sandy cultivated soil. Avoid getting the soil too wet. Cutting is the main method of propagation. Twigs or leaves can be used for cutting. The cuttings should be dried in the shade before insertion. It can be cut in moist yellow sand or perlite in spring or autumn. The cultivation and management of swallow palm is simple and extensive, but there is indeed some work to be done in order to achieve plump and robust plant shape and full bloom of trees as scheduled. First of all, the swallow palm grows faster, change the basin every spring, add fertile soil, and put it in a sunny place for maintenance. Apply thin fertilizer and water every 10 days and half a month, and water every 2 to 3 days, so that you can see dry and wet. High temperature in midsummer, swallow palm in a semi-dormant state, afraid of strong light burning leaves, at this time to do a good shade maintenance. Stop fertilizing in summer and pay attention to ventilation to prevent leaves from yellowing and falling off. If it rains heavily, avoid torrential rain, so as to avoid stagnant water in the roots and death. When autumn turns cool from August to October, the palm of the swallow begins to grow again. It is necessary to strengthen the light again and remove the shading equipment. At this time, fertilization and watering are in principle the same as in spring. Frosts Descent before entering the greenhouse, put it indoors in the sunny place, stop fertilizing, watering should be controlled, basically once a month, the amount of water is 1/2 of that in summer. Swallow palm is not cold-resistant in winter, the temperature should be kept above 7 ℃. Shaping and pruning once a year, when changing pots in spring or entering the greenhouse at the end of autumn, in order to keep the plant shape simple and elegant all the year round. Swallow palm has fewer diseases and insect pests, and sometimes it will encounter anthracnose and leaf spot disease. It can be sprayed with 1000 times of methyl topiramate wettable powder. If the indoor ventilation is poor, the stems and leaves are vulnerable to shell insects. It is found that pests should be washed manually immediately, and when the damage is serious, 40% omethoate emulsion 1000 times can be used to spray and control. Yushu, whose leaves contain Euphorbia officinalis, can cause skin redness, swelling and pain when the human body comes into contact with the juice from the leaves, and can also cause blindness if spattered into the eyes. Although the appearance of Yushu is not amazing, because this succulent plant has strong posture, drought tolerance, easy cultivation, plump branches and leaves, green leaves all the year round, and the inflated stem nodes on its stem have the posture of an ancient tree stump, so nowadays, potted Yushu is more common on the balcony of urban and rural residents in the south of the Yangtze River. Although Yushu is easy to propagate, easy to plant and easy to manage, it is still common for Yushu on the balcony of some households to face the wind in spring, summer and autumn, but it wilts and turns pale after winter, and even becomes a "shirtless chicken". This is mainly because flower growers only see the easy side of Yushu and ignore its fragile side. After entering the severe cold, they still put it on the open balcony, allowing it to be attacked by the cold wind, causing Yushu to suffer frost damage. After the freezing injury, the fleshy leaves and tender stems of Yushu began to show the same trauma as scalded by boiling water, and then gradually became soft, shriveled, and finally fell off, leaving only the naked main stem in serious cases. Therefore, it is very important to do well the overwintering work of potted jade trees on the balcony, and we should mainly focus on the following links: 1. Move the basin into the room in time. After entering winter, Yushu should be moved to an indoor thermal insulation that can maintain 7 ℃ to 10 ℃. In warmer days, Yushu can be moved to the balcony at noon to bask in the sun, and the night still moves indoors. two。 Control the dry humidity of the basin soil. In winter, the basin soil is mainly slightly dry, and timely spray fine mist to replenish water. In general, there is no need to directly water the basin soil. 3. Move into the greenhouse to keep warm. Conditional pots can be moved into the greenhouse, no conditions can also be sealed with plastic film cover, but need to pay attention to the humidity in the cover, found that the water is too wet, it is necessary to remove the cover in time to change air to prevent rotten leaves. 4. If Yushu has suffered frost damage due to the mistake of early anti-freezing measures, do not discard the plant easily. As long as the frozen leaves and twigs are removed, the full main stem is preserved and fertilized properly in the coming spring, new branches and leaves can still germinate on the main stem. Generally, after 1 to 2 years of cultivation, it can develop into a perfect jade tree.

Yemeni iron Latin name: Dracaena Yemeni iron leaf is wide striped, dark green, sessile, leaf margin microwave-shaped. The leaves can be up to 80 centimeters long. Suitable for high temperature and high humidity environment. Sufficient light and shade are acceptable. The dormancy temperature of 13 ℃ is suitable, the minimum is not less than 5 ℃, the four seasons are green, the adaptability is strong, the management is simple, the growth is slow and the life is long. The conservation method of Yemeni iron, an excellent foliage plant indoor and outdoor, is the same as that of mountain and kelp (dragon blood tree).

Artemisia angustifolia is a foliage plant native to tropical Africa, evergreen perennial, with underground tubers. The shoot has no main stem, the adventitious buds germinate from the tuber to form large compound leaves, the leaflets are fleshy with short petiolule, firm and dark green, bright luster and high ornamental value. Suitable for growth under different light intensity, strong negative tolerance, known as "Yin-tolerant king", is a newly introduced high-grade indoor ornamental plant. The tree has a large tuber, which germinates numerous buds and forms groups of small tubers, and its compound leaves have a life span of more than 2-3 years, and are constantly renewed by new leaves. Money seedlings do not grow fast, can be used for small, medium pot cultivation and ornamental, but also suitable for large pots. The ecological habit of Artemisia mandshurica is native to the tropical (grassland) climate region with less rainfall in eastern Africa. It likes the environment where the temperature is slightly dry, half-shaded and the annual temperature change is small. It is more resistant to drought, but is afraid of cold, avoid strong light exposure, and is afraid of soil viscosity and stagnant water in the basin soil. if the basin soil is not permeable, it is easy to cause its tuber to rot. The soil is required to be loose and fertile, well drained, rich in organic matter and acidic to slightly acidic. The sprouting power is strong, after cutting off the thick compound leaves, the tip of the tuber will soon produce new leaves. Propagation technique in April, when the outdoor temperature is more than 18 ℃, remove the large plant from the pot, shake off most of the persistent soil, break it from the weak combination of tuber sheep, and apply sulfur powder or plant ash on the wound, and plant it in another pot. Be careful not to bury it too deep when planting, with the tip of its tuber buried in the soil 1.5~2cm. That's it. In addition, according to the characteristics of latent buds on the tubers, a large single tuber can be divided into small pieces with 2 or 3 latent buds, and after the wound is drier, it is first buried in slightly moist fine sand, and then planted in a pot after the small tubers to be cut grow into independent plants. Cutting cuttings can use a single leaflet, a leaf axis plus 2 leaves or a single leaf axis. From the rooting effect, the cuttings with leaves on the leaf axis can take root faster, sprout higher in the north, and it is easier to open into larger tubers. After cutting a single leaf on the mixed medium mixed with river sand and vermiculite, a rooting bulb can be formed at the base of the leaf after 10-14 days, and it can grow into a small plant after 2-3 months of cultivation, but the seedling rate is not high in general. If the leaf axis or leaves with leaves are used as cuttings for cutting, the substrate can be made of general fine sand, or peat soil, perlite and river sand can be mixed at the ratio of 3:1:1 to prepare the substrate. The cuttings are buried at a depth of 1pm, leaving only the leaves outside the substrate, sprayed in a shaded place after spraying water, maintaining the ambient temperature of 25 ℃ ~ 27 ℃, and spraying the leaves once or twice a day depending on the dryness and humidity of the substrate. Keep the substrate slightly moist and must not be too wet, otherwise it will cause cuttings to rot and lead to cuttings failure. When the cuttings form a certain root system, the middle of the root gradually expands to form a spherical tuber, and the tuber increases gradually. some of the young cutting leaves will wither and die due to high temperature or poor water management, but the tuber can survive. Old mature leaves and cuttings with total petioles can also maintain green and vitality. A small number of tubers can sprout and grow new leaves in the same year, but the growth is weak and slow, and the tubers grow sturdy new buds and grow normally the next year. The suitable temperature for cultivation and management is 20-32 ℃. No matter it is potted or planted on the ground, the average annual temperature change should be small, and productive cultivation should be carried out in a greenhouse with controllable temperature. Every summer, when the temperature is more than 35 ℃, the growth of the plant is poor. Measures such as covering the black net to shade the light and spraying water to the surrounding environment should be taken to reduce the temperature so as to create a suitable environment with suitable space temperature and dryness. It is best to maintain the greenhouse temperature above 10 ℃ in winter. If the room temperature is lower than 5 ℃, it is easy to cause cold damage and seriously endanger the survival of the plant. In late autumn and early winter, when the temperature drops below 8 ℃, it should be transferred to the room with sufficient light, and the temperature should be kept between 8 ℃ and 10 ℃ during the whole overwintering period, which is more safe and reliable. Light money tree likes light and has strong shade tolerance, so it should create a sunny but shaded environment to a certain extent. It avoids strong light, especially should avoid the hot sun exposure after long rain and early sunshine in late spring and early summer and the unsheltered strong light baking for 5-6 hours before and after noon in summer, otherwise it is very easy to cause burns of newly drawn young leaves. In productive cultivation, it should be placed under a shade of 50% to 70% shade from the end of spring to the Mid-Autumn Festival, but it should not be too dark, otherwise it will lead to slender leaves, yellow leaves and sparse leaflet spacing, thus affecting the compactness and beauty of the plant. Supplementary light should be given to potted plants transferred to the greenhouse in winter. If the water in the basin soil is kept dry, the plant can be kept disease-free for a long time. In addition, the newly extracted pinnate compound leaves do not show obvious phototaxis, and the plant type is good. In order to preserve potted cash tree, efforts should be made to create a moist and dry environment for it. In productive cultivation, the plants placed in the greenhouse should be sprayed with water once a day when the room temperature is more than 33 ℃. Because the plant has strong drought tolerance, it is better to keep the basin soil slightly wet and dry, but the occasional excessive watering and fertilizer will not cause root rot. In winter, we should pay attention to spraying water to the leaf surface and the surrounding environment, so that the relative air humidity can reach more than 50%. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, we should reduce watering, or spray water instead of watering, in order to spend the winter safely in the newly drawn tender leaves yesterday. In addition, in winter, special attention should be paid to the basin soil not to be too wet, and it is better to be too dry, otherwise, under the condition of low temperature, the basin soil is more likely to lead to plant root rot, and even the whole plant death soil due to the special climatic conditions of the origin of the tree, so it forms a strong drought resistance, so the basic requirement for the cultivation substrate is good permeability. The basic requirement of cultivation substrate is good permeability. The cultivation medium was mainly mixed with peat, coarse sand or washed cinder and a small amount of garden soil, and its PH value was adjusted to between 6 and 6.5, showing a slightly acidic state. Because of its large tuber, developed root system and long pinnate compound leaves, its growth should be observed in time during the growing season to decide whether to change the basin or not. Always maintain the good permeability of the cultivation substrate, in order to create a good root environment with good air permeability and water filtration. Check frequently during the rainy season, and when it is found that there is stagnant water in the basin, turn the basin and change the soil in time. Fertilizer Qianshu is more fond of fertilizer. In addition to adding an appropriate amount of retted cake fertilizer or multi-component slow-release compound fertilizer to the cultivation substrate, the mixed solution of 02.0% urea and 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be applied 2 or 3 times a month during the growing season, or 20-10-20 (20-20-20) with a concentration of 200~250ppm combined with calcium nitrate. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, in order to enable it to survive the winter safely, the application of nitrogen fertilizer should be stopped and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution should be applied continuously for 2 to 3 times to promote the hardening and enrichment of its young leaf axis and newly drawn leaves. When the temperature drops below 15 ℃, all forms of topdressing should be stopped so as not to damage the roots under the condition of low temperature. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests when the temperature drops below 5 ℃ in winter, coupled with the dampness of the basin soil, it is easy to lead to the collapse of plant-like young leaves due to freezing and cold, and when it is serious, it will cause tuber rot and it is difficult to restore vitality. Control methods: during productive cultivation, the greenhouse temperature should be maintained at no less than 10 ℃ during overwintering, and the basin soil should be kept slightly dry. Burns in hot summer, or sunny weather after a long rain, or potted dwarf plants that have just moved outdoors for restorative maintenance for a long time, are directly exposed to the sun, which can easily cause their fat and tender leaves to be burned. as a result, part of the leaves lose green and whiten, or the whole leaves are burned, and the necrotic parts turn brown and black in the later stage. Brown spot disease often occurs on the leaves, the spot is nearly round, grayish brown to yellowish brown, the edge color is slightly dark. The disease is easy to occur under the conditions of high temperature, high humidity and poor ventilation. Prevention and control methods: when a small number of diseased leaves are found, they should be removed and destroyed in time, and 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times or 40% chlorothalonil suspension 500 times at the initial stage of the disease should be sprayed every 10 days for 3 times 4 times in a row. The control effect is better. Prevention and treatment: after entering summer, the plant should be transferred to a semi-shady environment in time, and the plant should be planted with shade as soon as possible when it rains for a long time in late spring and early summer. In the environment of poor ventilation and poor light, the leaves of the money tree are easy to be pierced by the scale insect. Control methods: during the peak incubation period of nymphs, 1000 times of chlorpromazine wettable powder can be sprayed during productive cultivation, and the insecticidal effect is good. Happiness tree generally refers to the "bean tree" of the family Liriodendron and Phaseolus. Bean tree, also known as chili tree and elder umbrella, is a deciduous tree native to southern China. From the pictures collected, "Happiness Tree" mainly refers to bean tree, and its scientific name is Radermachera sinica. Twigs with mucilage, 1 to 3-pinnately compound leaves, leaflets entire, stipitate, bark light gray, deeply longitudinally lobed. Capsule oblong, leathery, 85 cm long and ca. 1 cm in diameter. It is mainly distributed in Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places, as well as in Bhutan. Because its leaves are green and clean, covered with metallic luster, both light-loving and shade-tolerant, the potted young trees are advanced foliage plants. Bean trees like high temperature and humid environment, and can be propagated by cutting, sowing, striping and other methods. The cultivation of sandy loam soil is better, which can be full-day sunshine or semi-shade, and the suitable growth temperature is 18 ℃ to 28 ℃. It is suitable for pruning and shaping before spring germination. During the indoor display, in addition to keeping the basin soil moist, you should often spray water on the foliage and place it in a place with sufficient light. In particular, it should be pointed out that in winter, the temperature of the greenhouse should be kept at least 8 ℃, otherwise chilling injury or even death of the whole plant will occur, and watering should be controlled to ensure that the topsoil is not dry or irrigated. If the room is too dry, spray water to the plant and its surrounding environment; no fertilizer.

Malachite trees are small evergreen trees or shrubs of the genus Araliaceae. It is as high as 3m. Leaves alternate, palmately compound with 11 leaflets, resembling slender fingers, with coarsely serrated leaf margin, radiating and staggered. The leaves are leathery and dark green with a copper metallic luster on the leaves. When it grows to more than 2m, the fine leaves will turn into broad leaves, which is its special characteristic. It is suitable to be arranged in more spacious conference halls, restaurants and other brighter places. it can also be used as the lobby decoration of guesthouses and buildings. The specific measures of cultivation and management are as follows: 1. Like humus loam, it is best to use the mixture of rotten leaf soil, garden soil and river sand. Rarefied liquid fertilizer was applied every half month from April to August. 2. Like bright, avoid exposure, the suitable temperature for childbearing is about 20-28 ℃, the air humidity is high, and the fertility is stronger. In summer, if the outdoor shade is 50%, the indoor temperature is generally maintained from 20 ℃ to 30 ℃, and the overwintering temperature should not be lower than 15 ℃. If it is lower than 8 ℃, it is vulnerable to freezing injury. 3. Require basin soil to be moist, avoid dryness and avoid waterlogging. Too dry, easy to make the leaf tip dry, often spray to the leaf surface and around the plant to maintain air humidity. Watering should be reduced as much as possible in winter, as cold and wet can easily lead to fallen leaves. 4. Plants that grow too thin can be re-pruned when the new leaves germinate, leaving about 10 cm at the base, such as the upper branches should also be strongly cut to promote branches and leaves. 5. The cuttage method is used to propagate. From May to June every year, the annual Lignification branches are cut and cut in the environment of 20 ℃. They can take root and survive in about 30 days. Sowing can also be used to propagate, but the seeds are not easy to get and must be kept fresh. 6. The potted plant should be changed once every 2-3 years, and the branches should be trimmed after changing the soil. After planting for many years, if the plant ages and its vitality turns bad, strong cutting should be carried out in spring and fertilizer should be fully given to promote the sprouting of new branches and leaves and make the tree more beautiful.

Turtle back bamboo Turtle bamboo alias Penglai banana, electric orchid, for the Araceae, Turtle bamboo is evergreen vines. Origin and habits: Mexico and Central America. Its sex likes warmth, shade, wet, avoid direct sunlight, soil fertility requirements, good drainage. Morphological characteristics: Turtle bamboo vine length can reach more than 10 meters. Stems stout, aerial roots up to 1~2 meters, transverse, thin column, brown. When the leaves are tender, they are heart-shaped, imperforate, pinnately parted when they grow up, perforated between veins, leathery, pendulous. Propagation technology: Turtle bamboo propagation with layering method and cuttage method. The layering was carried out from May to August, and the mother plant could be cut off after about 3 months. Cutting in April to May, cutting scions from the tip of stem nodes, each section with 2 to 3 stem nodes, remove aerial roots, with leaves or leaves inserted in the sand bed, maintain a certain temperature and humidity, after rooting into the pot. Management techniques: potted turtleback, with the best decayed leaf soil. During the growth period, water should be sufficient. When putting on pots and changing pots, 5~6 cm deep mouth should be left to facilitate more watering. The cultivation soil should be kept moist frequently and watered once every 2~3 days. When the weather is dry, spray water on the leaves to keep the air moist. Master the watering principle of wet rather than dry, so as to facilitate the growth of branches and leaves. The amount of watering can be gradually reduced in autumn and winter. Excessive watering causes rotten roots, but still keep the air moist, spray water on the leaves every 7 to 10 days to keep the plants and leaves fresh and evergreen. Tortoise bamboo is more fertile, in order to make it grow vigorously, April to September twice a month to apply thin liquid fertilizer. The growing season pay attention to shade, with semi-shade is better, avoid direct light, especially in midsummer can not be placed in the sun directly, otherwise easy to cause leaves scorched burns, affecting the ornamental value. Large potted plants with a 1.3~1.5 m stick, inserted in the pot, planted on the turtle bamboo, one anti-lodging, two attached columns grow luxuriantly. Or will be too high stem stem cutting propagation, so that the mother plant to germinate new stems and new leaves. In winter, it needs to be placed indoors above 10℃, but at least keep the temperature above 5℃, otherwise the leaves will freeze, and the pot soil should be dry. Brown spot disease and anthracnose often occur in the growth period of Dorsa chinensis, which can be controlled by spraying 50% thiophane and 75% chlorothalonil 1000 times solution or 50% carbendazim 800~1000 times solution in time. Poor ventilation in summer and winter, often on the back of the stem scale insects and moths sucking juice and eating tender leaves, can be artificially caught insects or brush, the best use of 40% omethoate emulsion 1500 times or 40% hydroaminothion EC 2000 times, or 40% speed kill EC 1500 times spray kill Tortoise is a shade tolerant foliage plants, generally speaking, can be kept indoors for a long time, but in the growth period, it is best placed indoors near the window ventilation, To receive outdoor air and light. In summer, autumn growth season, such as ventilation is not good, its growth will be affected, the new leaves grow thin, light and no light, reduce the appreciation value. Home cultivation of turtleback bamboo has a certain role in purifying the air. Commonly used in small and medium-sized pots, placed in indoor living rooms, bedrooms and study, can also be planted in large pots, placed in hotels, restaurants, halls and indoors, or under the pool and trees in the garden, quite tropical scenery. The leaves can also be used as leaf material for flower arrangement. Turtle bamboo, introduced and cultivated widely in China, beautiful and peculiar Turtle bamboo, is a famous indoor potted foliage plant, lovable. Turtle back bamboo is famous for its shade resistance, which is suitable for indoor living room, decoration and decoration in corridor. In the south, it is mostly planted in the courtyard, scattered beside the park pool, stream ditch, rock and stone gap. The holes and notches on the leaves of Tortoise are false and solid, novel and interesting, and the aerial roots hang at the mouth of the basin, simple and elegant.

Cranberry is also known as star pineapple. Perennial epiphytic herb. Potted plant height of about 30 cm, crown width can reach 80 cm. The leaves are arranged loosely in a rosette. The flower buds are often more than 20 cm higher than the leaf clusters. The flower buds, bracts and several leaves at the base of the flower buds are red and very gorgeous; there are yellow flowers between the bracts; the florescence is spring; although the real flowers open for a short time, the colored flower buds and bracts remain for a long time, and the viewing period can be about 2 months. It is suitable for cultivation in bright scattered light indoors and can be enjoyed by bright windows for many years. Too dark a light makes it difficult to bloom. There are "Red Star" fruit vine,"Torch" fruit vine,"Dennis" fruit vine. Temperature: Normal growth temperature is above 20℃ during the day and above 15℃ at night; the temperature is 25-30℃ during flowering; the lowest temperature for overwintering is above 10℃. Light: Likes bright light. Avoid direct sunlight in summer, shading about 50%, winter does not shade. Moisture: Keep water in the leaf tube regularly, replace it once every 2 weeks; water the pot soil surface when it dries 1 cm; irrigate with soft water or rain water. Air humidity: often spray water on the leaves and around the plants, and spray fertilizer on the leaves. Change pots: If you do not carry out ramet propagation after flowering, wait for the pillars to grow to a very dense time in the change pot. Propagation: When the base of the tiller bud is about 10 cm or more high, cut it from the base and dry the wound slightly with peat soil without fertilizer. Keep it slightly moist and take root in about a month.

Green stem Canpalm [alias] Hawaii coconut Chevri coconut bamboo stem exquisite coconut [family] wax material palm subfamily Canpalm [origin] Mexico and Guatemala and other tropical regions [growth habits] like high temperature, high humidity, shade resistance, fear of direct sunlight, can withstand a short period of 1-2 degrees low temperature [soil] potted plants should be loose, ventilated, well permeable, rich in humus sandy loam [temperature and environment] This species likes high temperature, high humidity environment, The optimum growth temperature is 20-30 degrees, winter temperature can be maintained at 10 degrees above normal growth, but also can withstand short-term 0 degrees of low temperature. It has strong negative resistance and can grow in dark indoor environment for a long time. But bright scattered light is good for growth. To avoid direct sunlight, otherwise the leaf color becomes pale or yellow [watering and fertilization] The growth period requires that the pot soil is often kept moist, and the leaf surface should be sprayed frequently when the air is dry, so as to improve the air humidity of the environment, which is beneficial to the growth of plants, and to keep the leaves dark green and shiny; at the end of autumn and winter, the amount of watering should be appropriately reduced to keep the pot soil moist, so as to enhance the cold resistance and overwintering ability of plants. Growth season 3-10 months, every 1-2 weeks to apply 1 liquid fertilizer or granular compound fertilizer, to promote leaf growth and leaf color thick green [pest control] This species in high temperature, high humidity conditions, brown spot disease and downy mildew may occur, can be used carbendazim or topzin 1000 times liquid spray control [economic value] This species stem like green bamboo, dense branches and leaves, leaf color thick green, and shiny, elegant feathers, giving people a correct, elegant, light elegant, delicate beauty. Because of its strong shade resistance, it is very suitable for garden greening and indoor potted plant viewing

Green ingot original name: chestnut bean tree other name: Australian chestnut, green ingot, pistachio scientific name: Castanospermum australe name: it is called green ingot, because its seeds are similar to the shape of the ingot, so take this name for good luck. Distribution: Native to Australiaceae Genus: One said: Papilionaceae Another said: Leguminosae Castanea Type: belongs to medium trees, odd-pinnate compound leaves, alternate leaflets, leaf shape is long elliptic, about 8 - 12 cm long, entire, leathery. The pods are 20 cm long, and the seeds (green ingots) are oval, as large as eggs, and can be roasted. Uses: The young plants of chestnut bean tree can be used as small potted plants as indoor plants; the adult plants can grow to more than 12 meters, suitable for garden ornamental plants or street trees. Sunshine: young plants are shade-tolerant, with sunshine of about 50~70%; mature plants must have sufficient sunshine management: nature likes high temperature, and the most suitable temperature for growth is 22~30 degrees. Chestnut saplings are important for viewing the swollen base bulb and the buds growing, so keep them clean and shiny, be careful with muddy water when watering daily, and keep the surface in the pot flat. Moisture: suitable for planting in loose fertile loam or sandy loam, drainage must be good. Avoid long-term humidity in winter. Fertilization: Fertilization every 2~3 months in growth period Propagation: sowing method, spring and autumn are the most suitable

Cyclamen cyclamen: also known as rabbit ear flower, radish begonia, scientific name Cyclamen Persicum, cyclamen is a perennial herb of Primulaceae, flower shape strange. The leaf blade is born from the top of the tuber, cordate, ovate or reniform, the leaf margin is serrulate, the leaf surface is green, with white or gray halo spots, the leaf back is green or purple, the petiole is longer, reddish brown, fleshy. Flowers are single and born at the top of flower stems, flowers droop, petals roll upward, especially rabbit ears; flowers have white, pink, rose red, red, purple, snow green and other colors, often with deep red spots at the base; petal edges are diverse, with whole margin, notch, fold and wave shape. Cyclamen originated in southern Europe, the Mediterranean coast and other places. Sexual preference warm and humid, cool and soft lighting environment. The growth temperature is 15℃~20℃, not resistant to cold, afraid of high temperature sun. Suitable for smooth drainage, rich in humus slightly acidic sandy loam. Cyclamen is a light-loving flower, winter and spring is a vigorous flowering period, in order to make the bud luxuriant, in the bud period to give sufficient sunlight, placed indoor sunny place, and every 1 week to apply phosphorus fertilizer, preferably with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate compound fertilizer (containing zinc, boron, molybdenum, manganese, magnesium, copper, iron, sulfur and other trace elements) solution irrigation, each pot dosage of about 150 ml. Usually every one or two days watering 1, so that the pot soil wet, must not pour water, master the pot soil see dry only watering. However, avoid pot soil too dry, too dry will make root hair injury and wilting upper plant, then irrigation water is difficult to restore. When watering, the water temperature should be close to room temperature. It is not suitable to apply nitrogen fertilizer during flowering, otherwise it will cause excessive growth of branches and leaves and shorten the life of flowers. If the leaves are too dense, they can be appropriately sparse to concentrate nutrients and bloom a lot. When picking leaves or removing residual flowers, in order to prevent soft rot infection, 1000 times "carbendazim" solution should be sprayed immediately. When cyclamen begins to bloom and continues to form buds, the room temperature should be kept at 15℃ to 18℃, the minimum should not be lower than 10℃, the temperature is too high to shorten the flowering period, more than 28℃ leaves yellow, do not put the flowerpot on the radiator.

Umbrella tree umbrella tree also known as Queensland umbrella wood, Queensland shade tree, Australian duck foot wood, commonly known as the rich tree, for the Araliaceae Australian duck foot wood woody foliage plants. Umbrella tree is shrub, stem erect, less branched, primary branches green, gradually lignified; epidermis brown, smooth. The leaves are palmate compound leaves, and the number of leaflets varies greatly with growth, from 3-5 when young to 9-12 when grown up, up to 16. Leaflets oblong, apex obtuse, mucronate, base obtuse; leaf margin undulate, leathery; densely stellate pubescent when young, clean and glabrous when slightly larger, leaves 15-25 cm long and 5-10 cm wide, dense and glossy foliage, leaf back light green, petiole reddish brown. Umbels, terminal florets, white, flowering spring, but potted rarely flowering. Umbrella trees are native to Australia and some small islands in the Pacific Ocean, and are also distributed in the tropical regions of southern China. It is suitable for warm, humid and well-ventilated environment, likes sun and bears shade, and grows well in loose, fertile and well-drained soil. Umbrella trees can be propagated by sowing and cutting. When sowing, it is best to sow seeds immediately after harvest, so that the germination rate is high. Spring, summer, autumn three seasons can be cuttage, general cuttage and plastic combination; irregular plant shape from the pot soil surface 10-15 cm cut branches, let the mother branches germinate several branches, cultivate good tree shape. Cut the cut semi-lignified branches into stem segments with a length of 8-10 cm and 2-3 outer nodes, and cut them into cuttings cultured in river sand or pearlite, maintain a certain substrate humidity and air humidity, and pay attention to shading. It usually takes about a month to take root. High pressure propagation can be used for thick branches with high lignification degree. Umbrella potted trees can be used as a mixture of garden soil and moldy soil as a substrate. 3-10 Month is its vigorous growth period, growth volume is larger, generally apply fertilizer once a month, while keeping the soil moist, ensure sufficient moisture, and often carry out foliar spray, so as to avoid dry air, leaves chlorosis. Avoid direct sunlight in summer, pay attention to proper shade, generally shade 30-40%, so as to avoid sun exposure and leaves lose luster or burn, yellow. Indoor furnishings should be placed in a certain diffuse light, and pay attention to ventilation. At the end of autumn and winter, the amount of watering should be reduced and the amount of fertilizer should be controlled; 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be sprayed at the end of autumn for foliar fertilization to promote the aging of branches and leaves and improve winter cold resistance. Greenhouse and indoor high temperature and humidity, poor ventilation conditions will occur anthrax or scale insects, red spiders harm, should pay attention to observation and timely control. Umbrella leaves broad, and soft drooping, umbrella-shaped; branches and leaves layered, elegant plant shape, posture light and not thin, very layered, so in recent years, China's provinces and regions have been widely cultivated. Umbrella tree shade resistance, convenient management and maintenance, can be placed in the indoor for a long time continuously, is suitable for hotels, meeting rooms, living rooms, corridors and other places to decorate the excellent large foliage plants, but also a very ideal family living room, study, bedroom corner ornament plants.

Vincennes Scientific name: Vinca major alias: winding periwinkle, periwinkle family: oleander family, periwinkle is native to the Mediterranean coast, India, tropical America. China's Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Taiwan and other places have cultivated. Evergreen creeping subshrubs, tufted. Vegetative stems recumbent or prostrate. Flowers erect, 30- 40 cm tall. Leaves opposite, elliptic, apex acute, leaves green and glossy; petioles short on flowering branches. The whole plant is glabrous except for leaf margin, petiole, calyx and corolla throat. Flowers solitary in leaf axils of flowering branches, corolla salverform, blue, 5-lobed. Fruit twins erect. Flowering April-May. Cultivated variety Variegata, leaves slightly smaller, yellow stripes. Changchun vine likes warm and humid, semi-shady and well-ventilated environment. Adaptability strong, rapid growth, June-August and October for the growth peak. Light requirements are not strict, especially in a semi-shady environment to grow best. Vines are often propagated by cuttings and ramets. Spring, summer and autumn can be reproduced, easy to survive. Cut 3-4 semi-lignified stems as cuttings. Because the root bud grows out from the node, there must be 1-2 nodes buried in the river sand when cutting, and be compacted and patted, and watered in time to moisturize. Generally after 1-2 weeks can take root long bud. When the plant grows to 20-30 cm, it can be transplanted and planted. Transplantation can be carried out all year round except in cold winter. In addition, dense clumped plants can be cut along rhizomes during the growing season for propagation. The cultivation of vines requires loose and humus-rich sandy loam, and can be used as a substrate when potted in rotting leaf soil garden and river sand mixture. Each pot can be planted into multiple plants at the same time, and timely topping, can be quickly formed. In order to promote multi-branching, can be carried out in the growing season for many times, in the node pile soil can grow adventitious roots, promote vine growth. Because of its fast growth, the growth period should be fully watered, and liquid fertilizer should be applied 1-3 times a month to ensure that the branches grow fast and the leaves are green and bright. It is suitable for bright light environments. However, in midsummer, it is necessary to avoid direct sunlight to avoid burning the leaves; it must be properly shaded, and it is best to have a semi-shady environment. Although the vine grows warmer, it is also cold-resistant and can withstand low temperatures of about 0℃ in winter. Vine is an excellent ground cover plant material. It can be planted in pieces at the edge of forest or under forest, especially suitable for planting on building bases and slopes, which is beneficial to soil and water conservation.

Flower growing manual

Flower growing manual

Spring flower planting points

Flower Growers Manual (February)

February weather characteristics: This month is the last month of winter, and it is also the cold period of the year after January. By the end of February, the weather began to warm up gradually to the transition to spring, and quite a few flowers began to move from winter dormancy to recovery stage. This month's flowers mainly have the following aspects: First, continue to do a good job in protecting the potted flowers in the facilities; Second, do a good job in pruning and changing pots after flowering of some woody flowers; Third, do a good job in the early preparation of cuttage, grafting and seeding of some flower species.

1. Sowing. In February in the greenhouse or greenhouse can be sown in the flower species are: calendula, cyclamen, dwarf sunflower, asparagus, pittosporum, bulb begonia, red blue flowers, cornflower, celestial chrysanthemum, wheat stem chrysanthemum, a string of red, marigold, peacock chrysanthemum, petunia, flower caltrop, phlox, caltrop flowers, moth butterfly flowers, snapdragon grass, golden lotus, pansy and so on. At the end of February, seeds of Magnolia, Michelia, Photinia, Acer and Begonia (Rosaceae) which have been cracked and whitened by sand storage treatment, as well as Cinnamomum mongolicum, Ligustrum lucidum, Fugui seed, Pyracantha, Palm, Koellutea tree, Sapindus mukurosi, Horse chestnut, clove, etc.; seeds of Chimonanthus praecox, Chimonanthus chinensis and Wisteria sinensis should be soaked for 24 to 48 hours, and then sown after the seeds have absorbed enough water. tuberose seed ball, amaryllis seed ball, can also be in February in the greenhouse or greenhouse pot planting.

2. Cutting. The woody ornamental plant species that can be cut in the open field or covered with plastic film in February include: plum blossom (one year old branch cut after flowering of Gongfen, green calyx, etc.), southern Tianzhu, hibiscus hibiscus (southern area), Lagerstroemia, Daphne odora (southern area), Jiexiang, pomegranate, golden bell, Yingchun, jasmine, June snow, hibiscus, hypericum (plum), spiraea, Mahonia, Buxus, oil hemp stalk, etc. After sand storage clove, Lingxiao branches, but also at this time cuttings. In the first ten days of February, we can continue to cut the branches of Hyacinth, Deutzia, hydrangea, Tamarix chinensis, Pholonia formosana, grape, fig, etc. for storage treatment so as to cut at the end of March.

Ornamental plant species that can be cut indoors in February are: Hibiscus hibiscus, triangular flower, African violet (leaf cut), Malus bamboos, Cinnamomum rubrum, A string of red, Pelargonium, Jasmine, Pearl orchid, fingered citron, Yushu, Jade leaf, Stone lotus, Epiphyllum, Arrow lotus, Cold water flower, Ground root, Longevity flower, Rieger begonia, Dragon Tuzhu, Schefflera chinensis, Guangdong Evergreen, Zhu Jiao, etc.

3. Grafting. One-year-old sturdy seedlings of Pinus elliottii were used as rootstocks indoors, and Japanese five-needle pine, brocade pine and white pine were grafted, and then covered with film to keep warm and moisturizing. One-year-old seedlings such as apricot and hairy peach were used as rootstock to cut and propagate red leaf plum, plum blossom, blue peach, Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling, purple leaf peach and so on. In the south of the Yangtze River, when the leaf buds on the branches of Chimonanthus przewalskii grow to the size of the wheat grain, the seedlings of Chimonanthus praecox with a diameter of about 0.8 to 1.2 cm are used as rootstock to propagate excellent varieties such as "Suxin", "Xinkou" and "Tiger's hoof". The survival rate is higher by using bagging inflatable and moisturizing measures. Taking the sturdy branches of rose "Elizabeth" as rootstock, cutting or splitting the scion of rose, and adopting the measures of first grafting and then cutting and then covering with plastic film to keep moisture and cold, the survival rate of grafting can be greatly improved.

4. Press the strip. The ornamental plant species that can be propagated by pressing in February are: plum blossom, wax plum, pedicel begonia, sweet-scented osmanthus, purple magnolia, gardenia, brocade flower, Luohan pine, cypress, snowball, Qionghua, spring, golden bell, hypericum, eight immortal flowers, hemp leaf hydrangea, snow spray, red maple, Michelia mollissima and so on.

5. Ramet. The herbaceous flower species that can be propagated in February are Iris, Shegan, onion orchid, Ophiopogon, auspicious grass, evergreen, purse peony, hairpin, purple calyx, small Taran, pineapple, purple back evergreen, Jianlan, Chunlan, Cymbidium, kidney fern, hanging orchid, ground rooting, canna, bamboo taro, tortoise back bamboo, synthetic fruit taro, crane orchid, gentleman orchid, aloe and so on. The woody flower species that can be propagated in February are: Phyllostachys pubescens, hibiscus, Hypericum, Ten Gonglao, eight Immortals, Begonia, Jiexiang, Yingchun, Golden Bell, Canary, Snow spray, Safflower Spiraea, Jasmine, Pearl Orchid, Tiger thorn, Purple Magnolia, four Seasons Cinnamon, Phoenix tail Bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens and so on.

1. Gather seeds. The seeds of Phyllostachys pubescens, holly, rich seeds and winter corals can be picked in February, and the seeds can be sown after the seeds are exposed to white. Artificial pollination can be given to the plants of Cymbidium in full bloom in greenhouse in order to obtain seeds with better genetic quality.

In February, we should pay attention to check the seeds of all kinds of flowers and trees stored in sand to see if there is mildew. If mildew occurs, it should be cleaned in time; if the seeds are found to be dry, they can be properly sprayed with water to maintain a certain degree of humidity in the sand and seeds. If it is found that there are a small number of cracks in the seeds, they should be sown in a relatively short time. Once the radicle stretches out too long, it is easy to break the radicle and affect the emergence rate of the seed. Large seeds in sand storage can be sowed on demand, while small seeds can be sowed in strips or rows. After sowing, pay attention to covering grass or plastic film to protect moisture and prevent cold.

two。 Transplanting and planting. In February, the soil in the south is not frozen and the temperature is high. The feasible transplanting species of grass flowers are: Carnation, goldfish grass, hollyhock, silver edge holly, daisy, calendula and so on.

In February, most deciduous shrubs and some evergreen tree species can be planted. Among them, deciduous species such as hibiscus, pomegranate, bauhinia, begonia, ginkgo, maple, maple, wisteria, crape myrtle, wax plum, plum blossom (before germination), magnolia, disease-free, acacia, seven-leaf tree, red-leaf plum, cherry, papaya, Lingxiao, Linden, Liriodendron, green peach, Chinese tallow, Spiraea, three branches, Shu Shu, Robinia pseudoacacia, dragon claw Robinia pseudoacacia, Yu Li, elm leaf plum, hypericum (plum), weeping willow, golden silk willow, wood hibiscus, hibiscus, Yellow peel, persimmon, apricot, etc. Evergreen tree species such as Michelia, camphor, du ying, Fa Qing, run nan, purple nan, etc., can be delayed until the end of February to early March; sweet-scented osmanthus, privet, Shu juniper, dragon cypress, Platycladus orientalis, black pine, etc., should be pruned appropriately.

1. Keep out the cold. The weather is still cold in February. After two months of indoor (greenhouse) maintenance, the nutrient consumption of potted ornamental plants is large, and the resistance of flowers and plants is greatly reduced, so we should continue to do a good job of moisturizing and cold protection. If there are heating facilities in the greenhouse or greenhouse, you should continue to give heating and prevent harmful gases or smoke from escaping into the greenhouse or greenhouse; if you hang grass curtains on or around the top of the greenhouse, you can continue to hang grass curtains; and when you encounter the sudden cooling weather after snow, you can't take it lightly.

Overwintering potted flowers shelved in protective facilities should continue to do a good job of ventilation, especially at the end of February, the ventilation time can be extended during the time of the highest temperature of the day. It is worth noting that indoor potted flowers bask in the sun, it is best to put them on the inside of the south window, do not open the window.

A small number of cold-averse flowers planted in the family, such as Milan, Phalaenopsis, peacock taro, synthetic taro, iron cross begonia, variable leaf wood, pink daiye, etc., in particularly cold weather, you can add plastic bags at night, or leave them in the toilet, turn on heating appliances such as "bath tyrants" and other heating to ensure that they can survive the winter safely.

two。 Water it. In February, due to the low temperature, most of the potted flowers can keep the potted soil moist and be able to survive the winter safely, because at this time, the root growth stops, the metabolism is at a low level, and less water is needed. Once there is stagnant water in the potted soil, it is very easy to cause rotten roots to die. In relatively dry rooms, foliar spraying and spraying should be carried out frequently to increase the air humidity of the local environment. If the indoor air is too dry, the light ones will cause the leaves to lack green and lose color, the buds will stop growing, and the heavy ones will dry up and wrinkle, and the buds will shrink and fall off, such as camellia, tea plum, rhododendron, plum blossom, dai dai, kumquat, winter coral and so on. In addition, it is also required to ensure that the water temperature of watering or spraying is basically consistent with the indoor air temperature and soil temperature in the shed.

[page] for those potted plant species that will blossom before and after the Spring Festival, such as melon and leaf chrysanthemum, primrose, longevity flower, camellia, tea plum, Belgian rhododendron, calendula, etc., and fruit ornamental plants such as firethorn, bamboo, daidai, bergamot, lemon, rich seed, tangerine, winter coral, not only to keep the potted soil moist, but also to spray water on leaves, buds and fruits. Only in this way can the leaves be green, the flower buds expand rapidly and the fruit be colorful. Especially for peony, plum blossom, sticking stem begonia, vertical silk begonia and so on placed in the greenhouse, the branches must be sprayed once or twice a day to accelerate the expansion of their buds, so that they can spit out fragrant flowers as scheduled. Buy back the Cymbidium cultivated in the greenhouse, because the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse is quite different from that in the family, if the leaves are not often sprayed with water, the leaves will often shrink and wither. Potted plants and bonsai placed in the air-conditioning room, especially the Japanese five-needle pine bonsai, must ensure that the potted soil is moist and spray water to the plant once or twice a day, otherwise it is very likely to cause plant death.

Although the vast majority of potted flowers do not need much water in February, inspection should be strengthened, especially if the temperature continues to rise for several consecutive days, and supplementary watering and spraying should be strengthened in time.

In February, green trees and flowering shrubs transplanted in autumn and winter should be watered in time, especially for those evergreen trees and flowering shrubs, foliar spray should be given properly around noon in fine weather to prevent the leaves from drying and falling off, affecting the recovery of growth in spring.

3. Fertilize. In February, we can continue to apply base fertilizer to most green trees and flower shrubs planted on the ground, such as cake manure, barnyard manure, chicken feces and pigeon manure, pond mud, septic tank cleaning, etc., and cover the soil after digging annular grooves from the periphery of the plant root system to meet the needs of plant growth, flowering and fruiting in spring and summer.

In February, potted flowers placed in 10 ℃ to 15 ℃ greenhouses (greenhouses), such as camellia, tea plum, melon and leaf chrysanthemum, primroses, cyclamen, Belgian rhododendron, shrimp flowers, golden bracts, Ruixiang, plum blossoms, European daffodils, hyacinths, tulips, crab claw orchids, lotus flowers, colorful pineapples, iron orchids, fruit vines, magnolia, etc., can continue to apply low concentrations of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. In order to facilitate the growth of the plant and bud flowering. For most of the potted flowers, foliage plants and stump bonsai placed in the greenhouse, including small, miniature bonsai, as they are still dormant, fertilizer should be stopped, otherwise it is easy to cause rotting roots of the plant to die.

4. Trim. In February, the ground or potted plum blossom, wax plum, golden bell, and spring after flowering can be shrunk intensively. The branches that have flowered only retain 2 to 3 buds at the base, and the rest are all cut off to promote them to send more new shoots in the same year, and the branches will be more dense in the coming year. In addition, the long branches, dead branches and irregular branches should be pruned together. The species of tree stump bonsai dominated by scissors, such as hammer elm, Finch, banyan, triangular maple, Fujian tea, oak, white wax, bayberry, Elaeagnus angustifolia, wolfberry, holly, June snow, juniper, juniper, etc., continue to prune the pile head that has not been changed for 1 to 2 years.

5. Change the basin. At the end of February and the beginning of March, it is a favorable time for most potted ornamental plants to change pots, usually when the winter dormancy of plants is coming to an end, the root system resumes growth, but the leaf buds have not yet sprouted. The flower species that can be changed at the end of February are: Fusang, geranium, Milan, Magnolia, jasmine, pearl orchid, dichromatic jasmine, red back cinnamon, kidney fern, tortoise back bamboo, rubber tree, hanging bell begonia, bamboo crab crabapple, four seasons begonia, colored leaf begonia, spring orchid, cymbidium, Jianlan, iron tree, gentleman orchid, 12 volumes, aloe, crab claw orchid, lotus flower, Jingtian, jade tree, jade leaf, longevity flower, Zhu Dinghong, asparagus, hanging orchid, Nanyang fir, Goose palm wood, evergreen, crane orchid, shrimp flower, golden bract, coral flower, Longtuzhu, camellia, tea plum, sticking begonia, eight immortal flowers, southern bamboo, variable leaf wood, fruit taro, bamboo taro, rich seeds, fire thorns, daidai, kumquat, bergamot and so on.

6. Pest control. For powdery mildew on leaves of potted melon and chrysanthemum in greenhouse, gray mold on primrose leaves, 1500 times of methyl thiophanate wettable powder was sprayed at the initial stage of the disease, once every 10 days, 2 to 3 times in succession.

Botrytis cinerea on the leaves and Corolla of cyclamen potted in the greenhouse can be sprayed with 1000 to 1500 times of the wettable powder of 50% prohydantoin (mainly composed of isobarbazide).

The Belgian rhododendron potted in the greenhouse should stop spraying foliar fertilizer such as "multi-effect and good", because at this time the temperature is low and the humidity in the greenhouse is high, the foliar spraying of the plant is difficult to be absorbed, and the reverse side is easy to breed mold on the foliar surface. in serious cases, it will form ugly disease spots.

For aphids, scale insects, ants and coal fouling diseases on potted flowers (such as daidai and kumquat) in the greenhouse, they can be brushed away with a hairbrush when they are small, and those with a large number of insects can be sprayed 2000 times with omethoate EC. After aphids, scale insects and ants are killed, coal fouling disease will also be eliminated.

The insect bodies on potted flower plants in the greenhouse, such as pink Tamarix, white shield scale, oyster shield scale, black brown shield scale, etc., can be brushed with a hard hair brush, or killed with cotton stick alcohol, or 2500 times of 2.5% kungfu EC can be sprayed, or 3% carbofuran and 20% Tiemiak granules can be buried in the flowerpot.

Continue to clean up the dead branches and leaves under the flowers and trees, and burn the diseased leaves on the potted flowers and plants, which can significantly reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in the coming year.

7. Compost. Pour the tea seed cake, rapeseed cake and bean cake into the pool or tank, inject clear water and carry out sealed fermentation, so as to be used to irrigate potted flowers after dilution in the growing season. Or the cake fertilizer is piled up and fermented, spread out and dried after about 2 months, and then packed in a plastic bag after being fully dried. The granular powder of cake fertilizer dried after drying is spread in the flowerpot as topdressing. For Cymbidium, Jian Orchid, Cymbidium, Phalaenopsis, Cartland and other potted flowers, it is more convenient than pouring liquid cake fertilizer, especially raising flowers on the balcony, which is not only convenient and hygienic, but also can reduce the occurrence of foliar diseases. In addition, it can also be used for the preparation of culture soil.

8. Reclaim frozen ponds. In the first ten days of February, the unfinished ploughing garden can be reclaimed, frozen over the winter, and then trenched to make a bed for raising seedlings or transplanting flowers and trees in spring.

The plant species that can be used for flat modeling in February are Cuibai, Luohan pine, Sabina vulgaris, Platycladus orientalis, Platycladus orientalis, Sabina vulgaris, ginkgo, June snow, ground cypress, five-needle pine, yellow mountain pine, black pine, thousand-headed red pine, bayberry, golden finch, small money plum, wax petal flower, sticking begonia, crape myrtle, banyan tree, elm, triangle maple and so on.

The plants modeled 1 to 2 years ago were re-banded and adjusted, and it was found that the plants had concave constrictions. The metal or non-metallic wires should be released and replaced with new binding materials for flat binding and fixation.

For shallow pot tree stump bonsai, landscape bonsai, small miniature bonsai, stone bonsai, etc., continue to do a good job of heat preservation and cold protection, so that they are always in an environment of no less than 0 ℃, so as to prevent plants from freezing to death or artificial cemented rocks from being frozen and disintegrated, resulting in unnecessary losses.

Flower planting Handbook (March)

(1) types of flowers suitable for planting in the courtyard

1. Species of flowers planted in the ground

If the front of your courtyard is open and open, the lighting and ventilation conditions are good, or the distance between your courtyard and the front row of buildings is more than 30 meters, and the soil has been improved to a certain extent, you can plant some flower species that like light and have higher requirements for the growth environment. Flowers and trees planted on the ground such as: Magnolia, ginkgo, sweet-scented osmanthus, purple magnolia, Michelia, two-Qiao magnolia, papaya, stick-stalked begonia, weeping begonia, western begonia, Qionghua, snowball, persimmon, hibiscus, Liriodendron, plum blossom, rose, fig, camellia, crape myrtle, peony, pomegranate, wisteria, cherry blossom, grape, green peach, bamboo, red maple, bauhinia, hibiscus, Canadian jujube and so on. If your courtyard is relatively damp, you should choose some kinds of flowers and trees that suit the humid conditions, such as palm, heather, peach leaf coral, French holly, privet, broad-leaved ten meritorious works, Magnolia, camphor, dragon cypress, du ying, Luohansong, star anise gold plate, Shu juniper, cedar, wax plum, plantain, juniper, etc. Regardless of the light and humidity in your courtyard, you should pay attention to the following points when you choose to plant flowers and trees: first, the minimum temperature that flowers and trees can endure should not be lower than the local minimum temperature to avoid freezing damage; second, adapt to the local soil and water conditions to avoid disobedience; third, fewer diseases and insect pests, longer flower and fruit period, fragrance, and auspicious flower name. Fourth, the number of flowers and trees should not be too large, there should be 1 or 2 flowers in small courtyards, and several more can be planted in large courtyards; fifth, the height of adult trees should not exceed the windows and balconies on the second floor, so as not to interfere with the lighting of upstairs residents and affect neighbors; sixth, avoid planting flowers and trees that will cause allergies or toxic substances. Seventh, we should choose large-sized plants that grow slowly but have basically taken shape, which can achieve the effect of greening and beautification as soon as possible, such as ginkgo biloba, Japanese fir, sweet-scented osmanthus, plum blossom, Luohansong and so on. Eighth, there should be some free space for planting grass flowers and potted ornamental plants.

There are many kinds of grass flowers and ground cover plants suitable for planting. The sunny ones are carnation, goldfish grass, kale, pansy, a string of red, cockscomb, thousand-day red, Bubugao, marigold, hollyhock, impatiens, fan beans, daisies, calendula, Yu beauty, onion orchid, Dahlia and so on. The more shade-tolerant species of grass flowers and ground cover plants are: Ophiopogon japonicus, Ophiopogon japonicus, auspicious grass, hairpin, purple calyx, Lycoris, evergreen, purple evergreen, one-leaf orchid, Iris, calamus, Saxifraga and so on.

two。 Species of potted flowers

There are many kinds of flowers suitable for potted plants in the home courtyard, and when the conditions are better, we can choose to plant some kinds of flowers with more precise management requirements. Such as plum blossom, Milan, camellia, poinsettia, wax plum, Belgian rhododendron, southern sequoia, Brazilian iron, rich tree, king coconut, Magnolia, pearl orchid, jasmine, rich seed, pineapple, money tree (dragon and Phoenix wood), ash (commonly known as African jasmine), cinnamon (commonly known as safe tree), calla, primrose, cymbidium, anthurium, Jianlan, Phalaenopsis, New year Orchid, cyclamen, Oncidium, Wandai Orchid, Rieger Haitang, Bulb begonia, crane orchid, Fusang, gentleman orchid, green apple, net grass, variable leaf wood, cherry angel, synthetic taro, bergamot, dai dai, lemon, tulip, hyacinth, purse flower, fish tail sunflower, loose tail sunflower, wine bottle coconut and so on. In the courtyard with relatively poor conditions, we can grow and raise some species that require extensive management. Such as Phyllostachys pubescens, Iron Tree, Brown Bamboo, Chrysanthemum, Chunlan, Cymbidium, Zhu Dinghong, Yingchun, Golden Bell, Golden Finch, June Snow, sticking Begonia, four Seasons Cinnamon, Cactus, asparagus, Rubber Tree, epiphyllum, Ling Arrow Lotus, Turtle back Bamboo, Spring Feather, Goose cactus, Cold Water Flower, Red back Cinnamon, Leaf Flower, Big Spine, Camellia, Camellia, Cuckoo, Banyan Tree and so on.

(2) breeding of flowers in the courtyard

1. Sow seeds. The courtyard flowers that can be sowed in March are: crape myrtle, bauhinia, Chimonanthus chinensis, Chimonanthus chinensis, red maple and Liriodendron chinense. The last five kinds of seeds should be soaked in cold water for 24 to 36 hours before sowing. The species of flowers and trees that can be sown and raised by sand storage are: cycad, ginkgo biloba, bamboo cypress, Luohansong, Pukui, purple magnolia, Michelia, sweet-scented osmanthus, seven-leaf tree, Phyllostachys pubescens, holly, pomegranate, Qionghua and so on. Feasible sowing herbaceous flowers are: impatiens, marigold, thousand-day red, hundred-day grass, a string of red, cockscomb, colorful peppers, winter coral, spring, mallow, purple jasmine, magnolia, asparagus, asparagus and so on. Some species that are not resistant to cold should be sown in a plastic shed.

two。 Cuttings. The flowers and trees that can be propagated by cutting in March are: Fusang, geranium, epiphyllum, Arrow lotus, Portulaca oleracea, gemstone, stone lotus, eight immortals, southern bamboo, sticking begonia, silver bud willow, hypericum, Luohansong, pomegranate, fig, star anise plate, gardenia, Admiralty, welcome spring, emerald, Ruixiang, torch fruit, etc., afraid of cold flower cutting in the shed or indoor.

3. Grafting. The flowers and trees that can be grafted and propagated in March are as follows: using 1-2-year-old black pine seedlings as rootstocks, abdominal grafting to propagate five-needle pine, Osaka pine, golden pine and so on; 1-2-year-old Magnolia magnolia and Magnolia magnolia seedlings as rootstocks; 1-year-old peach and apricot seedlings as rootstock to cut and propagate plum blossom, Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling, green peach, red leaf peach and so on. When the leaf bud grows to the size of the wheat grain, the fine varieties of wax plum ear strips are selected, cut and bagged to keep the moisture, and the survival rate is higher; using the trigonous arrow as the rootstock, the grafted propagation of crab claw orchid and all kinds of fairy balls should be carried out in the greenhouse. In addition, camellia, cherry blossoms, sweet-scented osmanthus and red maple can also be grafted and propagated in March.

4. Press the strip. The species of flowers and trees that can be propagated by pressing in March are: Camellia, Camellia, plum blossom, wax plum, red maple, Luohansong, Cuibai, straight cypress, Michelia mollissima, pedicel begonia, snowball, gardenia, sweet-scented osmanthus, purple magnolia and so on.

5. Ramet. The flower species that can be propagated in March are: orchid, walnut peony, one-leaf orchid, asparagus, iron tree, southern bamboo, ten meritorious works, tapestry begonia, tiger tail orchid, purple triangular leaf sorrel, big flower canna, gorgeous ginger, dahlia, crane orchid and so on.

(3) Management of courtyard flowers

1. Management of flowers and trees in ground-planted courtyard

(1) transplanting. March is the best time for transplanting and planting of ground-planted flowers and trees, in which the transplanting of plum blossom, magnolia, magnolia, Magnolia, Liriodendron and red maple should be arranged as far as possible before sprouting and spreading leaves; evergreen flowers and trees should be pruned in order to reduce transpiration and improve the survival rate. The transplanting of Chimonanthus, crape myrtle, bauhinia, hibiscus, seven-leaf tree, green peach, red leaf plum, cherry blossom, etc., even after sprouting, should be pruned properly. Whether evergreen trees or deciduous trees, they should take enough soil balls when transplanting, and the diameter of soil balls should be more than 6 times of the diameter of the trunk.

(2) fertilization. For the ground-planted flowers and trees that have not been given buried fertilizer in winter, when they have not yet germinated, they can dig circular ditches outside their roots with a depth of about 15 to 20 cm, and apply thoroughly melted cake manure, barnyard manure and chicken droppings and pigeon manure. It can also be a multi-component compound fertilizer to lay a good material foundation for its growth throughout the year.

[page] (3) pruning. For the plants that have not yet been pruned, especially the plum blossom, wax plum, Golden Bell, Yingchun, etc., in addition to the dead branches, disease and insect branches, and only 2-3 buds can be truncated at the base of the branches, and only 2-3 buds can be retained after intensity shearing, so as to sprout more new branches in spring and more pregnant flower buds in summer and autumn, so as to facilitate the flowering in the coming year. For camellia, tea plum, etc., you can prune after flowering to destroy the branches of the plant shape, and at the same time trim off some thin branches and cross branches of the inner chamber. Pomegranate, hibiscus and sweet-scented osmanthus which formed flower buds and bloomed on the new branches in the same year can be pruned in March to adjust the plant shape and improve the ventilation and light transmission of the plant.

(4) Prevention and control of diseases and pests. The branches and leaves that have been infected with diseases and insect pests on the plant should be cut off and destroyed in time, so as to reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in the same year; for some flowers and trees that are easily infected with diseases and insect pests, such as rose, wood claw, pedicel begonia, grape, vertical silk begonia, etc., timely spraying Bordeaux solution after leaf expansion can prevent the occurrence of powdery mildew and rust.

two。 Management of grass and flowers in courtyard planted in the ground

The species of grass flowers that can be transplanted and planted in March are: carnation, goldfish grass, calendula, daisy, hollyhock, mallow, Ophiopogon japonicus, green onion orchid, leek orchid, iris, auspicious grass, book belt grass, Ophiopogon japonicus, safflower sorrel and so on. For grass flowers transplanted before February, or those transplanted a year ago, if the plant has resumed growth, such as kale, pansy, etc., weeding and loosening the soil can be done first, and then low concentration liquid fertilizer can be applied, such as steamless cake fertilizer water, 0.5% urea solution, or other quick-acting compound fertilizer solution.

3. Management of potted flowers and trees in courtyard

(1) change the basin. Potted plants such as Chimonanthus praecox, Plum blossom, Begonia, Tripterygium, Pyracantha, Pinus pentaphylla, Phyllostachys pubescens, Ulmus pumila, Maple, Oak, and White Wax can be changed before germination and leaf extraction, so as to replace the fresh culture soil which is loose and rich in organic matter, so as to lay a good foundation for the growth of spring and summer. For Magnolia, Milan, Zhulan, rose, jasmine, Fusang, crane orchid, iron tree, poinsettia, tea plum, camellia, Belgian rhododendron, rich seed, dai dai, bergamot, lemon, tortoise back bamboo, spring feather, gentleman orchid, cherry, fruit taro, bamboo taro, etc., should be changed before leaving the room.

(2) exercise. In the area north of the Yangtze River basin, most of the potted flowers are still under indoor maintenance in March, and equal attention must be paid to cold protection and ventilation. Due to the unstable weather this month, it is necessary to continue to do a good job of heat preservation and cold protection in the first and middle of March due to the unstable weather this month. In late March, the doors and windows of the bedroom can be opened during the day for ventilation and closed at night. So that Magnolia, Milan, Zhulan, jasmine, Fusang, poinsettia, tortoise bamboo, cherub, rubber tree, southern fir, etc., can gradually accept exercise and adapt to the outdoor environment. Avoid affecting the growth and normal flowering of the year due to early germination. Potted flowers in the north of the Yellow River need to continue to do a good job of heat preservation and cold protection this month, and must not be taken lightly.

(3) pruning. Carry out the necessary pruning of Fusang, Admiralty, dragon spitting beads, jasmine, pearl orchid, magnolia, iron tree, rubber tree, fish-tail sunflower, loose-tailed sunflower, variable leaf wood, asparagus, begonia, combined with changing pots, including cutting off branches of diseases and insect pests, dead branches, disordered branches, thin branches and some yellowed leaves. For Acer truncatum, Luohan pine, cypress, Huangshan pine, black pine, elm, white wax, oak and red num, which are mainly appreciated for stumps, flat binding and pruning can also be carried out before germination in March to further improve their shape. For plum blossom, wax plum, rose, green peach, Yingchun, Admiralty, etc., intensity shearing can be carried out before germination after anthesis.

(4) types of flowers suitable for balcony planting

It is impossible for every urban household to have a small courtyard, to live on the first floor, to have a better environment for growing flowers, and to grow more resistant ornamental plants on the balcony to decorate the interior, improve the living environment, and create an atmosphere of returning to nature.

The ornamental plants suitable for planting on the balcony are drought-tolerant plant species, which are proliferated on the surface of the body or stratum corneum, or are waxy, or the plants are fleshy and contain more juice, or the leaves are small, transformed into needling, with very little transpiration, or native to arid desert areas and can withstand wind and heat, so they are very resistant to drought. Such as iron tree, cactus (yellow hair cactus, mountain shadow boxing, green lock dragon, golden oyster, big wheel column, Prajna, rat tail, coral tree), purslane, jade tree, stone flower, stone lotus, epiphyllum, arrow lotus, leaf cactus, longevity flower and so on. There are Chimonanthus, Yingchun, Lycoris, silver taro, Guangdong evergreen, hanging orchid and so on, these flowers are generally not watered in 2 to 3 weeks in spring, will not be killed, balcony planting is more appropriate. There is also a kind of flowers that are more resistant to sun exposure and dry and hot wind, which can accept full light and can withstand abnormal high temperature for a short time, and are also suitable for potted plants on balconies (especially high-floor balconies). Such as pomegranate, rose, banyan, stick orchid, lobular privet, tequila, Zhu Dinghong, sparrow, oak, hammer elm, triangular maple, bayberry, black pine, juniper, juniper, cypress, wolfberry, holly, bauhinia, weeping spear, Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling, sunflower and so on. In addition, jasmine, pearl orchid, five-needle pine, Milan, one-leaf orchid, bergamot, daidai, lemon, rubber tree, tortoise back bamboo, spring feather, camellia, goose palm wood, Nanyang fir, etc., can also be used as lower balcony potted plants, but water and shade management should be strengthened.

(1) Propagation of potted flowers on balcony.

Grass flowers suitable for balcony potted plants, such as a string of red, colorful peppers, winter coral, marigold, impatiens, petunia, etc., can be sown and raised in a shallow pot at this time.

If a small amount of asparagus and magnolia seeds are collected and washed, they can be sown indoors first, and then moved to the outdoor balcony for cultivation when the outdoor temperature reaches about 15 ℃.

Succulent plants such as arrow lotus, epiphyllum, Yushu, gemstone, stone lotus, purslane, coral tree, green lock dragon, etc., can be cut indoors with plain sand or clean sandy loam soil, and then moved to the balcony after the spring is warm.

Large flowerpots are filled with loose sandy soil, or vermiculite and perlite are used as cutting substrates. Gardenia, golden bell, Fusang, triangular plum, Luohansong, rose pomegranate, tapping begonia, southern bamboo, Ruixiang, Fugui seeds, etc., but the mouth of the pot should be covered with plastic film to moisturize.

On the balcony, grafting five-needle pine, golden pine, plum blossom, Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling, red maple, wax plum and so on, to carry out bagging moisturizing, otherwise it is not easy to survive.

(2) Management of potted flowers on balcony

1. Keep out the cold. Most of the ornamental plant species suitable for balcony potted plants are still indoors in March. While taking measures such as heat preservation and cold protection and ventilation to see the light, the plants that need to be changed should be changed in time. Flowers and trees with strong resistance placed on the balcony should keep the potted soil from freezing. If the potted soil freezes and pulls out, it will not only affect the normal growth of the plant in that year, but also cause plant death in serious cases. It can be protected by setting up a shed on the spot or moving into the room or shed to protect against cold.

two。 Trim. The stumps such as wax plum, wolfbone, holly, black pine, five-needle pine, Luohan pine, triangular maple, hammer elm, Finch plum, bayberry and lobular privet can be trimmed and reshaped, and the trunk and branches that need to be modeled can be fixed in March, and the plants that have not changed pots for 2 to 3 years can be changed soil; put bonsai on the balcony to keep the basin soil moist, watering every 3 to 5 days, and spray water appropriately. Plum blossom, spring welcome, Golden Bell, Chimonanthus, Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling, Camellia, etc., can carry out necessary shaping and pruning after flowering to promote a good plant shape, carry out a comprehensive cleaning of the plant, cut off the branches and leaves infected with diseases and insect pests, and destroy them; the dry cross section on the stump can be treated with stone sulfur mixture.

3. Preparatory facilities. If the conditions permit, you can also build a small pool on the balcony, support the hard board (prefabricated cement steel bar), make use of the humidity produced by the pool evaporation, and put some flowers on it that prefer the air moisture in summer, such as orchids, tortoise back leaves, hulks, cherubs, rich seeds, southern bamboos and so on. Among them, water storage is ideal for watering flowers.

In March, you can also take advantage of the potted flowers before leaving the room, first set up a ladder shelf to put the potted flowers on the balcony, and choose the support point of the summer sunshade net. once the potted flowers come out of the room and encounter excessive sunlight, shading measures can be quickly put in place.

In March, we should also prepare the cultivation soil to change the basin and prepare all kinds of fertilizers and pesticides to meet the needs of planting flowers on the balcony in a year.

Flower planting Handbook (April)

The weather characteristics of April: with the weakening of the cold air going south in the north, the warm and humid air flow in the south becomes stronger and stronger, and the temperature rises obviously. After the Qingming Festival, although there is an occasional influence of cold air going south, it can no longer pose a threat to most of the potted flowers in the south of the Huaihe River, only to the north of the Huaihe River and the Yellow River. After Grain Rain, the night frost has ended in the south of Jianghuai, the minimum temperature is not less than 5 ℃, and Rain Water has obviously increased. Most of the potted flowers can be moved to outdoor maintenance, while the Huaibei area will not be able to let the potted flowers out of the house until the end of the late frost in May. From south to north in April, the flower show has the following contents:

I. Flower reproduction

1. Sowing seeds

The flowers suitable for sowing in April are drunken butterfly, purple jasmine, cockscomb, wild goose, sunflower, Xiaoli, thousand-day red, a string of red, impatiens, morning glory, rain-leaf pineapple, round-leaf pineapple, safflower tobacco, petunia, emerald chrysanthemum, golden chrysanthemum, snake chrysanthemum, marigold, red yellow chrysanthemum, hundred-day red, asparagus, spring report, dry golden lotus, ground skin, maple, poinsettia, basil, Tianmen winter, Persian chrysanthemum, sand ginseng, sand ginseng, Mimosa and so on. The species of Magnoliaceae that can be sown in April and stored in sand are: Magnolia Magnoliae, Magnolia mandshurica, Magnolia magnolia, Magnolia mandshurica, Magnolia mandsh North American Liriodendron chinense, etc. Can be broadcast in April

Other greening flowers and trees are: Japanese fir, golden pine, Nanyang fir, golden pine, crape myrtle, bauhinia, acacia, yew, Haitong, Chinese tallow, Huangshan moss, free son, maple, maple, flower palm, wax plum, summer wax plum, rhododendron plum, Chinese wolfberry, southern bamboos, rich seeds, palms and so on.

The ornamental plants that can be picked and sown in April are: Fulang flower, asparagus, primrose, winter coral, star anise gold plate, milk eggplant and so on. Among them, star anise gold plate can pick the blackened, whitened and soft fruit at the end of April, scrub out the seeds, sow them on a fertile seedbed, or first hide the seeds to the crack to show white, then sow and cover the grass to moisturize. In general, after two weeks, about 70% of the seeds emerge, the grass should be removed in time, and a shed should be built for shade. On the other hand, the cultivated milk eggplant can peel off the picked golden fruit, wash the seeds, soak the seeds in warm water for 24 hours, sow them in the fertile sandy soil, and sprout the seeds 10 days later. When the seedlings grow 6 to 8 true leaves and the plant height reaches 15 cm, they can be transplanted, which can be cultivated either in pots or as special cut flower materials.

two。 Grafting

The flowers and trees that can be grafted in April are: wax plum, dragon claw locust, green peach, Shouxing peach, safflower black locust, cactus and crab claw orchid and so on.

3. Ramet

The greenhouse foliage plants that can be propagated in April are: White crane taro, tiger tail orchid, one-leaf orchid, fern, brown bamboo, hanging orchid, tequila, silver emperor evergreen, evergreen, Guangdong evergreen, bamboo taro, aloe, pepper grass, tortoise back bamboo, In the trench of the school, the ⑽ rate of  permanent muscle in the trench of Chunyu and other crabs: ⒑, , ⒎, Falcon, ⒆, ⒖, ⒑, pyramidal, ⒔, ⒈, ⑶, caries, ⑶, ⑺, , ⒚, ⒚, , ⑼, scale,  salary, ⑼ scale, en22# trickle umbrella, en24# Linden Do you want to drop out of ⑤, your ⒋, your cynicism, your ⑼ , your shrugged nose?

4. Cuttage

For most species of flowers and trees that are easy to take root, as long as their leaf buds have not yet germinated, they can be propagated by cuttings in April. the main species are: yellow poplar, ten meritorious categories, southern bamboo, cypress, Luohansong, pomegranate, crape myrtle, bauhinia, firethorn, Spiraea, Liriodendron, snowflake, fragrant, sticking begonia and so on.

Second, changing pots and transplanting

1. For potted flowers that do not have time to change pots in March, pots can be changed in April as long as the tips are not too long, or as long as the persistent soil is not broken and the roots are shrunk too much during the change. But it should be pointed out: deciduous flowers and trees, if the shoot is too long, especially the plum blossom, do not change the pot after spreading the leaves.

two。 April is the best time for transplanting flowers and trees in the open field, whether deciduous flowers or evergreen flowers and trees, as long as their leaf buds have not yet unfolded or their shoots are not long, they can be transplanted with soil balls in April; for evergreen flowers and trees, such as camphor, Magnolia, Michelia and Magnolia, some branches and leaves must be cut off in order to reduce the transpiration of the crown to water. For deciduous flowers and trees, it is best to transplant when they are unfoliated, such as Magnolia, seven-leaf tree, Linden, begonia, wax plum, red leaf plum, ornamental peach, plum, apricot, etc.; usually the diameter of the soil ball transplanted should not be less than 6 times the diameter of the trunk of the transplanted flowers and trees, so that the transplanted flowers and trees can have no worries under the condition of not destroying the soil balls.

Third, bonsai modeling

April is one of the best times for bonsai styling. The ornamental plants most suitable for beginners to practice modeling are those with strong adaptability and branches that can withstand repeated twisting and binding of branches by beginners, which do not seriously affect their normal growth, such as Luohansong, Cuibai, June snow, bayberry, cypress, weeping spear, crape myrtle, velvet cypress, flower cypress, banyan tree, melon seed yellow poplar, hammer elm, welcome spring, knot incense, ginkgo, black pine, juniper, and so on. Other kinds suitable for April modeling include wild Hawthorn, five-needle pine, Huangshan pine, green peach, pyracantha, Chinan, white wax, triangular maple, oak, Galo wood, golden marbles, vertical silk begonia, Fujian tea, papaya, Elaeagnus angustifolia, wolfbone holly, golden pine, tiger thorn and so on.

With the beginning of the vigorous growth of bonsai plants, it is necessary to use wire or non-metallic wire in time to carry out flat traction and correction, so that it can always maintain a good ornamental state. For the maintenance of five-needle pine bonsai, special attention should be paid to the following three aspects this month: first, pick buds in time. When winter buds sprout and granular needle primordia appear on them, the length of buds can be removed from 1 canister 2 to 2 canopy 3, which makes the new shoots shorter and denser. The second is to erase the male and female jerseys, when the needle buds and male and female cones can be identified from the new shoots, all the female cones born at the top of the new shoots and the male cones at the base of the new shoots should be erased in time, so as to reduce the consumption of nutrients during reproductive growth; the third is to control watering, starting from the new shoot, we should strictly control watering, do not dry, do not irrigate, spray instead of watering, to ensure that the new needles short clusters, so that branches keep smooth and good.

IV. Fertilization management

1. Fertilizer application

Potted camellia, tea plum, wax plum, rhododendron, spring welcome, Admiralty, Ruixiang, kumquat, daidai, winter coral, crab claw orchid, Cymbidium, etc., because their flowering or fruit consumes a lot of nutrients, it is necessary to apply nitrogen-based fertilizers, such as thin cakes, to promote their growth when they resume growth after spring warming. Potted flowers such as rose, bauhinia, pomegranate, Jianlan, Fusang, and Magnolia should also be fertilized, which can be potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the concentration can be controlled at about 0.2%. Magnolia, Magnolia, Michelia, plum blossom, wax plum, begonia and so on should also be fertilized in time to meet the needs of their vegetative growth.

two。 Shaping and maintenance

The rich tree can braid its hair in April. Dig up the seedlings of the rich trees sown or purchased, spread them out in a shady place for 1 to 2 days, let them lose part of their moisture, and then braid them with odd trunks of 3, 5 and 7, and then press them with heavy objects after braiding. After fixing its shape, choose a suitable pot planting; the vitality of the rich tree is so strong that even if it is not processed into braided or planted in time, it will not affect its survival and normal growth in the future.

3. Adjust plant shape to prevent diseases

For potted flowers moved outdoors, withered branches, yellow leaves and abortive stems should be eliminated in time, plant shape adjustment should be carried out, and water and fertilizer management should be strengthened. For flower species prone to diseases, stone-sulfur mixture or Bordeaux liquid should be sprayed in time to prevent possible diseases.

4. Pot management of viewing fruit

For potted ornamental fruit flowers and trees that bloom in April, such as papaya, ginkgo biloba, pyracantha, peach leaf coral, crabapple, etc., especially dioecious or cross-pollinated species, attention should be paid to creating favorable conditions for pollination and fertilization during the flowering period. so that it can be fertilized normally, do not miss the opportunity.

5. Management of cutting seedbed

For ornamental plants that have just been cut, special attention should be paid to the management of water spray before the healing tissue is formed. except for those with intermittent spraying devices, water (fog) must be sprayed 2 to 3 times a day to keep the cutting substrate moist all the time. to create an optimal environment for its healing and rooting.

Flower planting manual summer

Flower planting Handbook (May)

The climatic characteristics of May: the temperature continues to rise, and the rainfall in our country increases gradually from south to north. After each fall of Rain Water, the temperature increases obviously. The weather with more spring rain and continuous rain turns to muggy after the spring rain of Lesser Fullness of Grain ends, which marks the beginning of summer soon. Therefore, May at the turn of spring and summer is a key period for growing flowers, which plays an important role in laying the foundation for the growth of potted flowers in summer and autumn. The cultivation of flowers from south to north in May mainly includes the following contents:

I. Flower reproduction

1. Sowing seeds

The main types of flowers and trees that can be picked and sown in May are: spring of the four seasons, star anise gold plate, broad-leaf ten meritorious works, loquat and so on. When sowing and raising seedlings in May, we should pay attention to the following three points: first, we should keep the seeding bed moist, so that we can neither accumulate water nor lose water too much; second, we should cover the seeding bed with grass to keep it moist, so as to prevent the seedling bed from becoming dry and wet suddenly, causing the seeds to "sprout"; third, after emergence, we should remove the covered grass several times and set up a shed in time to shade the seedlings so as not to burn the seedlings.

Sweet-scented osmanthus can pick ripe blue-black fruit at the end of May, rub it with sand to remove the pulp, rinse and store it in wet, clean sand until February next year. When the seed cracks and the radicle tip is exposed, the seeds can be sown in the ground. During storage, attention should be paid to prevent rodents from stealing food and keep the sand moist.

Loquat sowing, covering soil should not be too deep, generally no more than 2 to 3 cm is appropriate.

two。 Cuttage

The flower species suitable for cutting propagation in May are: red (pink, purple, white), thousand-day red (white), marigold, peacock, dragon mouth, he's impatiens, colourful leaf grass, begonia, sulfur chrysanthemum, rose, rhododendron, Dahlia, hanging bell begonia, coral flower, poinsettia, geranium, geranium, leaf flower, mulberry, paulownia, golden lotus, hairy jasmine, pearl orchid, red mulberry, Shu Shu, eight immortal flowers, Ditang, jasmine, Pomegranate, hibiscus, drunken fish grass, Lingxiao, gardenia, epiphyllum, unicorn leaf, Arrow lotus, jade tree, gemstone flower, tiannu flower, magnolia, sticking stem begonia, dry umbrella grass, five-colored plum, red-backed cinnamon, shrimp flower, golden bract, longtuzhu, Guangdong evergreen, Zhu banana, green apple, goose palm wood, oleander, fire thorn, ten great efforts and Buddha belly bamboo with gas roots, etc.

3. Grafting

In May, we used potted 1-2-year-old purple magnolia or cuttage seedlings to propagate white orchids with smiling flowers, red maple, feather maple, coir maple, etc. cutting seedlings of 2-to 3-year-old rhododendron were used to split propagation of rhododendron; excellent varieties of Chinese rose were propagated by bud grafting with wild rose as rootstock; superior varieties of chrysanthemum were grafted with Artemisia annua as rootstock The two-year-old seedlings of Chimonanthus praecox are used as rootstock, and the excellent variety of Chimonanthus chinensis can also be grafted with potted rootstocks. In addition, cactus and trigonous arrow can be used as rootstock to propagate crab claw orchid by grafting.

4. Pressing strip

The flowers and trees that can be propagated under high pressure in May are: Magnolia, rubber tree, Milan, rhododendron, camellia, variegated wood, Michelia, red maple, etc.; flowers and trees that can be propagated under low pressure are: plum blossom, wax plum, rose, gardenia, Luohan pine, sweet-scented osmanthus, Lingxiao and so on.

2. Potting and transplanting

1. Upper basin

Most of the potted flowers used for street decoration during the National Day must be planted in May. After three to four months of careful maintenance, they can blossom on time at the end of September and the beginning of October, so as to create a festive, warm and colorful atmosphere. The main species are: a string of red (pink, white, purple), thousand-day red (white), cockscomb, hundred-day red, sulfur chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, ground skin, marigold, Longkou flower, Tianmeng, he's impatiens, colored leaf grass, begonia and so on.

two。 Transplant

At the end of April and the beginning of May, when Magnolia Magnolia was transplanted from the end of April to the beginning of May, the survival rate was the highest. Some flowers and trees that germinate late and are easy to survive can also be planted with soil balls in early May, such as crape myrtle, hibiscus, bauhinia, pomegranate, acacia and so on.

III. Flower management

1. Watering

Due to the rising temperature, the water demand of potted ornamental plants will gradually increase. In addition to paying attention to the combination of root watering and foliar spraying, we must also pay attention to the quality of water used for watering and spraying, and it is best not to use tap water directly. In particular, do not directly use tap water treated with bleach. To this end, tap water can be first injected into a pool or small tank, and then an appropriate amount of acidified substance is added to improve the acidity of water quality, such as ferrous sulfate, whose concentration can be controlled between 0.1% and 0.2%. The main species of potted flowers suitable for acidic water quality are camellia, tea plum, plum blossom, rhododendron, Yingshanhong, gardenia, Ruixiang, magnolia, chrysanthemum, begonia, safflower oil tea, etc.; foliage species are: iron tree, spring feather, tortoise back bamboo, palm bamboo, rubber tree, fern, Luohan pine, variable leaf wood, red (green) gemstone, hulk, green emperor, synthetic fruit taro, bamboo taro, pineapple, Brazilian wood, rich tree, goose palm wood, etc. Fruit categories are: daidai, firethorn, kumquat, bergamot, lemon, southern bamboo, winter coral, rich seeds and so on.

two。 Pruning, picking buds

(1) pruning the shearing of white orchids shortly after leaving the room, special attention should be paid to the loose pith of its branches, and the cross section is easy to lose water and dry up and extend downwards. For this reason, consideration should be given to cutting 8 to 10 centimeters above the bud eye, not too close to the bud eye. Pruning after potted rose flowers should be moderately reduced by 10 to 20 centimeters, and the bud eyes located in the middle of the branches can give birth to flower buds.

(2) picking buds for potted Chimonanthus plants, we should also pay attention to the position of picking buds, generally 3 to 5 centimeters above the selected leaf buds, otherwise they will wither and atrophy because of the wound, which will affect the selected leaf buds downwards. For the rose on the basin in the same year, the terminal buds should be removed in time to promote the formation of a good plant shape.

3. Shade

After entering May, potted plants that like semi-shade or shade should be moved under the shade or in the shade, such as: tortoise back bamboo, brown bamboo, taro, spring feather, hulk, red (green) gemstone, green emperor, pink daiye, sunflower, taro, orchid, rhododendron, crane orchid, camellia, tea plum, etc.; flowers and trees that like light must be given full light, such as wax plum, iron tree, rose, pyracantha, jasmine, magnolia, etc. Bonsai plants, such as hammer elm, sparrow plum, triangular maple, bayberry, oak, June snow, black pine, cotton pine, etc., require sufficient light, while Luohan pine, tiger thorn, Chinan, Cuibai, five-needle pine and so on can be shaded appropriately.

4. Fertilizer application

To Camellia, rhododendron, tea plum, plum blossom, Milan, jasmine, white orchid, gardenia, wintersweet, rose, Ruixiang, gentleman orchid, orchid, begonia, etc.; to pick off the residual flower stem after the flower fade, and to apply nitrogen-based and phosphorus-supplemented compound fertilizer once every semimonthly to lay a good foundation for its pregnant flower buds while restoring its vegetative growth. For foliage-based species, such as rubber trees, tortoise-backed bamboos, hulks, red (green) gems, green emperors, spring feathers, orchids, ferns, etc., the fertilizer and water of thin pancakes are applied once every half month. For foliage plants with colored spots and patterns, such as Phnom Penh tiger tail orchid, colorful pineapple, golden heart Brazilian wood, variable leaf wood, colored leaf taro, white butterfly taro, pink leaves, etc., 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be applied outside the root to make the leaf color look more beautiful and bright.

5. Pest control

For roses, etc., we should pay attention to the control of powdery mildew and brown spot, timely spraying pesticides to kill leaf-eating pests, and to common leaf-eating pests such as daidai, kumquat, golden bean, bergamot, lemon and rue. Citrus butterfly larvae should be killed by spraying as soon as possible.

Fourth, bonsai modeling

The ornamental bonsai plants that can still be modeled in May are: plum blossom, lobular gardenia, mountain gardenia, Luohansong, June snow, emerald cypress, bayberry, Galo wood, ginkgo and so on. It is worth noting that: modeling must be careful, try not to hurt the branches and bones, otherwise it will affect the normal growth of plants.

Flower planting Handbook (June)

The weather characteristics of June: from time to June, the temperature rose further. The Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin has entered the Meiyu season, entering the plum on June 12 and coming out on July 7 this year, when the evenly matched cold and warm air met in the region, causing frequent frontal or cyclone activities. June is the season with the largest number of Rain Water of the year, with long periods of continuous rainfall. Special care should be taken for some dormant or semi-dormant flowers and most bonsai in summer, so as not to cause rotten roots due to Rain Water, or plant growth due to lack of light, disturbing the shape or affecting the normal flowering and fruiting of ornamental plants. The main contents of raising flowers from south to north in June are as follows:

I. Flower reproduction

1. Sowing seeds

The flowers and trees that can be sown in June are: primrose, lotus seed, cycad, loquat, wax plum and so on. For Chimonanthus praecox, when the pot-shaped fruit sac on the fruiting mother tree changes from green to yellow, and then from yellow to brown, the internal seeds are brown; peel off the fruit sacs in time, remove the seeds, soak them in cold water for 24 to 36 hours, wait for the seeds to absorb enough water to expand, and then bury them in clean wet sand to sprout. After about 2 weeks, the seeds can be split and sown in a ditch. The thickness of the covered soil is generally 2 cm to 3 cm, covered with straw to moisturize. After the cotyledons of most seeds are unearthed, remove the grass for 2 to 3 times and build a shed for shade in time.

two。 Cuttage

In summer, the temperature and humidity are high, and the cambium in the branches of flowers and trees is active, which is the best time for cutting to propagate flowers and trees. There are two kinds of flowers and trees suitable for softwood cutting in summer. One is the species of hardwood cuttings that are not easy or slow to take root, such as sweet-scented osmanthus, camellia, Michelia mollissima, medlar, holly, clove, magnolia, tapestry, snowball, Qionghua, coral tree, paulownia, Belgian rhododendron, Buddha belly bamboo (root with air), rubber tree, metasequoia, pond fir, Sequoia lanceolata, etc. The other is the species that are easier to take root. Such as yellow poplar, rose, fiery thorn, golden bell, welcome spring, Jasmine, June snow, pomegranate, hibiscus, golden Finch, jasmine, pearl orchid, dragon leaf bead, five-colored plum, Diitang, leaf flower, bergamot, lemon, Luohansong, southern bamboos, Lingxiao, red back cinnamon, honeysuckle, Fusang, plantain, hypericum, honeysuckle, golden willow, dragon claw willow, banyan, Brazilian iron, cinnabar root, incense, changing leaf wood, Shu Shu, mountain plum, crape myrtle, banyan tree Sea immortal, brocade flower, hemp leaf hydrangea, peach coral, goose palm firewood, ten meritorious categories, star anise gold plate, snowspray, eight immortal flowers, poinsettia and so on. It also includes a large number of other grass flowers, such as five-clawed golden dragon, brocade, golden lotus, piano Finch, Qianqiu tea, perfume grass, dry umbrella grass, geranium, colored leaf grass, begonia, tricolor pansy, thousand-day red, hundred-day red, malachite, marigold, sulfur chrysanthemum and so on.

Take the fully closed moisturizing cuttings of camellia and sweet-scented osmanthus as an example: the cutting time is from early June to mid-July, when the twigs of sweet-scented osmanthus and sweet-scented osmanthus are semi-lignified, and the substrate can be yellow soil, sandy soil or vermiculite. Cuttings are new shoots of the year, 10 cm to 15 cm long, leaving only 2 to 3 leaves at the end. Dip the lower incision with 500mg / kg 1#ABT rooting powder or naphthalene acetic acid solution for 10 seconds, dry slightly and insert it into the seedbed. The depth of the cuttings is 1x2 to 2x3, and the row spacing is 2cm × 8cm. After pouring water, set up a bamboo bow on the seedbed, then cover it with plastic film, press it tightly with mud around, shade the light in a double-layer shade, keep the bed moist, control the temperature in the film at about 30 ℃, and keep the humidity above 90%. Generally, a large number of cuttings can take root after one month.

3. Grafting

Grafted, potted seedlings of Chimonanthus praecox were used as rootstocks, excellent varieties of Chimonanthus were grafted, and potted Magnolia and Magnolia seedlings were used as rootstocks to graft Magnolia and Michelia. Budding, using wild rose seedlings as rootstocks, grafting to breed excellent rose varieties; using apricot, peach, plum and other annual seedlings as rootstocks, budding breeding Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling, green peach, purple leaf plum, red leaf peach, Yu plum, plum blossom, etc.; using 1-2-year-old maple seedlings as rootstocks, grafting breeding red maple, feather maple, red maple and so on. Branch grafting, Camellia oleifera, Camellia oleifera or Camellia oleifera seedlings as rootstocks, Camellia oleifera and Camellia oleifera as rootstocks, "Purple Butterfly" and "Jade Butterfly" in rhododendron as rootstock, split or abdominal grafting of Belgian rhododendron or western rhododendron.

4. Pressing strip

The flowers and trees that can be propagated by pressing in June are: rhododendron, honeysuckle, eight immortals, snowball, Qionghua, brocade, oleander, sweet-scented osmanthus, camellia, plum, wax plum, clove, gardenia, red maple, Milan, pearl orchid, jasmine, magnolia and so on.

5. Ramet

The flower species that can be propagated in June are: kidney fern, calla lily (after anthesis), Phyllostachys pubescens, dry umbrella grass, purple evergreen, pineapple, twelve volumes, one-leaf orchid, calamus, Ophiopogon, and so on.

II. Seed harvesting and transplanting

1. Harvest seeds

The grass flower seeds that can be harvested in June are: carnation, cornflower, goldfish grass, dwarf snow wheel, high snow wheel, hollyhock, mallow, primrose, bungee, Zhu Dinghong (sown with picking) and so on.

Flower and tree seeds that can be harvested in June: after harvest, if the nursery conditions are not allowed, the detached seeds can also be dried and sown until next spring, which will not affect their germination rate; peaches and apricots should be sowed as they are picked, or the seeds should be stored in the crack to germinate and then sow. The sweet-scented osmanthus seeds harvested in June were removed from the fleshy pericarp and washed, stored in wet sand to promote the post-ripening of the embryo, and then sowed in the nursery when they germinated.

two。 Transplanting, planting and potting

In June, a considerable number of grass flowers need to be transplanted and planted or put on the pot. they are: evening primrose, drunken butterfly, impatiens, guinea impatiens, primroses, ornamental peppers, winter corals, red tobacco, petunia, marigold, peacock grass, hundred-day grass, thousand-day red, a string of red, dragon mouth flower, ground skin, sulfur chrysanthemum, cockscomb, red-green grass and so on.

In summer, some large flowers and trees are no longer transplanted, so as not to affect their survival rate and growth after transplanting. However, for some small flowering shrubs, such as star anise gold plate, broad leaf ten meritorious service, ten meritorious service, hypericum, gardenia, Phnom Penh privet, red leaf Berberis, boxwood, under special circumstances, transplanting with the ball is fine, just as the old saying goes: "never move, do not call tree knowledge", but it is necessary to strengthen the management of water spraying and shading after transplanting.

III. Flower management

1. Watering

Watering potted flowers in June should pay attention to the following aspects: first, watering time, 10:00 or 5pm is better, usually watering once a day; second, watering temperature, watering water should be kept basically consistent with basin soil temperature, if the difference between water temperature and soil temperature is too large, it will cause potted flower roots and leaves to be stimulated and then affect their growth. Third, the combination of watering and spraying, when it has not rained for several days, in addition to watering the basin, it is also necessary to spray water around the leaves and potted flowers in order to improve the humidity of the local space. If there is a continuous cloudy day, it depends on the dry and wet condition of the basin soil to decide whether to give watering and spraying.

A species of flower that enters semi-dormancy or dormancy in summer. Semi-dormant people such as safflower sorrel, geranium, golden bell, orchid, calla, begonia, etc., when the temperature is more than 30 ℃, because their growth activity is very weak and metabolic level is low, it is necessary to reduce watering and keep the basin soil moist. The types of deep dormancy, such as cyclamen, Lycoris (class), buttercup, Dutch peony, etc., show that the aboveground stems and leaves wither, the underground nutrient fibrous roots wither, and the underground stems or tubers dormant in the soil for the summer, which must be stopped watering and moved to a cool place to keep the basin soil from being too dry.

[page] if there is continuous rain, check the potted flowers thoroughly after the rain stops and find that there is stagnant water in the pot. pour them away as soon as possible, loosen the soil after the pots are dry, so as not to cause rotten roots, or knock down the potted flowers before the heavy rain, and then straighten the potted flowers after the rain stops.

two。 Fertilizer application

For exuberant species Such as tortoise back bamboo, hanging orchid, synthetic taro, bamboo, kidney fern, spring feather, iron tree, one-leaf orchid, green giant, red (green) gemstone, green emperor, green queen, rubber tree, Anthurium, red back cinnamon, palm bamboo, southern sequoia, Brazilian iron, Luohan pine, wealth tree, wax plum, rose, Magnolia, Milan, jasmine, pearl orchid, plum, camellia, tea plum, Ruixiang, rhododendron, cinnamon, five-colored plum, Longtuzhu, shrimp, dai, dai Lemon, kumquat, pomegranate, crape myrtle, pyracantha, etc. The thin cake fertilizer and water that can be retted thoroughly every half a month, and the species that are blooming, but also apply an appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to meet the needs of its growth, flowering and fruit hanging.

For those flower species that are dormant or semi-dormant, fertilization must be stopped; especially for those succulent flower species, such as jade leaves, crab claw orchid, crystal cactus, cactus pen, squirrel tail, pine chrysanthemum, leopard skin flower, sedum, when the temperature reaches above 35 ℃, stop fertilization to avoid decay.

3. Pruning, picking buds

(1) Pruning the vigorous growth species such as elm, finch plum, podocarpus, Fujian tea, true cypress, cuibai, water bayberry, juniper, Chinese holly, Acer delavayi, Tamarix chinensis, Pyracantha chinensis, etc., pruning or shrinking the branches affecting the modeling as soon as possible, can keep the plants in a well-organized and well-shaped state, and can promote them to shoot more short branches and sprout more, and form perfect modeling as soon as possible.

(2) picking buds Milan, jasmine, pearl orchid, rose and other flowers, their residual flowers and stems should be removed in time, and the flowering branches should be appropriately reduced to promote the lower lateral branches or flower buds to bloom again; Bai Lan, Dai Dai, azalea, camellia, wax plum, plum blossom, begonia and other flowers and trees, in order to promote their formation of good plant shape, in the current year or next year more pregnant flowers, more flowers, good flowers, those branches that grow too vigorously should be top-picked buds, inhibit the growth of the main and lateral shoots, and promote the germination of lateral buds.

4. shading

In June, those flowers and trees that like shade or semi-shade must be moved to the shade to prevent the sun from damaging the plants. Such as hairpin, purple calyx, asparagus, camellia, tea plum, azalea, plant orchid, Stangaria, orchid, palm bamboo, rubber tree, fern, taro, arrowroot leaf, spring feather, green radish, watercress green, green giant, red (green) gem, green emperor, red queen, palm sunflower, daphne, one-leaf orchid, spider orchid, etc. Light loving flower species must be given sufficient light, such as pomegranate, wisteria, firethorn, crape myrtle, jasmine, June snow, cycad, juniper, peach blossom, plum blossom, wax plum, elm, Fujian tea, triangular maple, finch plum, Chinese holly, holly, water bayberry, oak wood, black pine, brocade pine, white peony, Milan, rose, ten mahonia, grape, etc.; Podocarpus, tiger thorn, Tianzhu, Buddha belly bamboo, Guanyin bamboo, five-needle pine, bamboo cypress, etc., can be given appropriate shade.

5. pest control

(1) Sabina, cypress, elm, papaya, firethorn, podocarpus, crabapple and other vulnerable to the harm of dry longicorn beetle, to be timely blocked with poison sticks to prevent and control.

(2) Rose, rose, rose, etc., easy to appear powdery mildew, brown spot disease in plum rain season, to spray Bordeaux mixture as soon as possible for control.

3 Bai Lan, plum blossom, wax plum, etc. are easily harmed by aphids, and appropriate pesticides should be selected as soon as possible.

(4) Orchid leaves are susceptible to anthrax infection, and fungicides such as carbendazim should be sprayed as soon as possible.

(5) Dai Dai, lemon, kumquat, fingered citron, etc., tender leaves are easy to be eaten by citrus butterfly larvae, can be sprayed with pesticides such as contact insecticide and stomach poison to kill.

IV. Bonsai modeling

The plant species that can be modeled in June are mainly woody ornamental plants with strong adaptability and resistance, and must be potted seedlings or planted plants in early spring. They are: Podocarpus, Yingchun, Elaeagnus chinensis, Pinus armandii, Cuibai, Sabina chinensis, Ilex chinensis, Wolfberry, Pinus five-needle, Malus hibiscus, Malus xifuensis, Plum blossom, Peach, Acer triangularis, June snow, Black pine, Buxus chinensis, Ulmus chinensis, Tamarix chinensis, Myrica rubra, true cypress, Ginkgo biloba, snow willow, Pyracantha chinensis and so on. June modeling must be careful, light pan slow tie, must not be too hasty, excessive force.

Solar terms in June: Grain in Ear on June 5; Summer Solstice on June 21.

Flower Growers Handbook (July)

Weather characteristics in July: on July 7, the Meiyu weather ended in the Jianghuai region. Ambush on July 16 and ambush on August 15, most parts of the country entered the hottest period of the year. The monthly mean temperature in July is more than 24 ℃ in most parts of China and 28 ℃ in the south of Jianghuai. Only the average temperature in the north of Northeast China and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is below 20 ℃. The management of flower affairs in July mainly includes the following contents: first, flower reproduction. The grass flowers that can be sown in July are: melon and leaf chrysanthemum, spring of the four seasons, kale, bluebells and so on. When sowing, we should pay attention to moisturizing, shading and increasing ventilation and light transmission. In July, mature fruits such as plum, hairy peach, mountain peach and elm leaf plum can be picked, washed and sown, or the washed drupe can be stored in wet sand to the crack before sowing. Wintersweet seeds can be sowed as they are picked, and the seeds removed from the fruit sac can also be dried and stored for sowing in the following spring, which will not affect its germination rate. two。 The species of grass flowers suitable for cutting propagation in July are: Scutellaria barbata, begonia, colored leaf grass, cold water, red, marigold, peacock grass, thousand-day red, geranium, Dutch chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, umbrella grass, wall-climbing tiger, coral flower, pepper grass, unicorn leaf, fire charcoal mother, ground rooting, green pineapple and so on. The woody flower species suitable for cutting propagation in July are: red-backed cinnamon, southern bamboos, poinsettia, tiger prickly plum, hypericum, golden plum, sea immortal, eight immortal flowers, brocade, hemp leaf hydrangea, snow spray, Ruixiang, gardenia, fragrance, Tiannu, triangular plum, Milan, jasmine, pearl orchid, goose palm wood, ten great efforts, pomegranate, crape myrtle, hibiscus, fiery thorn, Zhu banana, mulberry, June snow, smile, coral tree, mulberry. Rubber tree, Qionghua, Tianmu Qionghua, yellow poplar, Yuanhua fruit, purple magnolia, sweet-scented osmanthus, rhododendron, camellia, tea plum, dragon claw willow, golden willow and so on. Guding flower can also be cut with scales. In addition, some flowers and trees can be propagated by water insertion in July. They are: gardenia, oleander, rose, jasmine, pearl orchid, fig, pomegranate, inverted golden bell, crape myrtle, hibiscus and so on. To propagate flowers and trees by water cutting, one is to have a foam plastic board with a thickness of 1cm to 2cm, which is used as a cutting fixing material after perforation; the other is to keep the water quality of the cutting water clean and put a few pieces of charcoal into it for anticorrosion. 3. Grafting can use annual mountain peach and hairy peach sowing seedlings as rootstocks, bud propagation of blue peach, Shouxing peach, red leaf peach, plum blossom, elm leaf plum, red leaf plum, beautiful plum, etc.; using the cutting seedlings of wild rose, pink rose and "ten sisters" as rootstocks, budding breeding varieties such as rose, cut rose and rose; using potted Magnolia and Magnolia seedlings as rootstocks, * breeding white orchids, Michelia, etc. The 2-year-old seedlings of Chimonanthus praecox in potted plants are used as rootstocks, and the fine varieties of Chimonanthus praecox are propagated. The seedlings of 2-year-old Chimonanthus praecox can also be used as rootstocks, and the method of bagging and moisturizing with twigs can be grafted at 3 cm to 4 cm above the ground, and the survival of rhododendron can be judged after 7 to 10 days. "Purple Butterfly" and "Jade Butterfly" in rhododendron are used as rootstocks to propagate Belgian rhododendron or rhododendron by split or abdominal grafting. The cherry blossoms of fine varieties were propagated by budding with cherry seedlings as rootstocks, and the seedlings of the same year's seeds of Bauhinia mandshurica, Hubei Begonia or Tripterygium and Begonia as rootstocks were grafted with T-shaped buds to breed excellent varieties of Begonia. Acer maple seedlings were used as rootstocks to propagate red maple, feather maple and other seedlings by bag grafting. 4. The types of flowers and trees that can be reproduced by striping in July are: Milan (high pressure), wax plum, honeysuckle, eight immortals, Lingxiao, Qionghua, oleander, brocade, broom, sweet-scented osmanthus, gardenia, purple magnolia, jasmine, pearl orchid, Fujimoto rose, spring welcome and so on. 5. The ornamental plant species of feasible ramet in July are: Hosta, purple calyx, calamus, umbrella grass, one-leaf orchid, purple back evergreen, pineapple, twelve volumes, hanging orchid, Ophiopogon, auspicious grass, onion orchid, kidney fern, iris, hanging bamboo plum and so on. Second, harvest seeds and transplant 1. The grass flower seeds that can be harvested in July are hollyhock, sunflower, morning glory, summer grass, petunia, fluke, Digitalis, snake chrysanthemum, sweet pea, daisy, swallows, pansy, pine chrysanthemum and so on. The seeds of flowers and trees that can be harvested in July are: wax plum, plum, hairy peach, mountain peach, elm leaf plum and so on. two。 Transplanting and potting in July is the main time period for Chen to put grass flowers on the pot during the National Day. At this time, the grass flowers transplanted on the pot can be sowing seedlings or cutting seedlings. After three months of careful maintenance, they bloom just during the National Day period for festive decoration. They are mainly: a string of red, early chrysanthemum, thousand-day red, Xiaoli, Guinean impatiens, Longkou flower, marigold, peacock grass, ground skin, chrysanthemum, sulfur chrysanthemum, cockscomb and so on. Tree transplanting is generally not carried out in July, but in some special cases, it is also feasible to transplant some flowering shrubs with soil balls, such as ten meritorious works, hypericum, golden leaf privet, red leaf Berberis, peach leaf coral, dragon cypress ball and so on. However, it is necessary to prune pertinently, set up a shed for shade in time, and increase the number of water spraying, and then transfer to normal management after its basic survival. We must not be careless. Third, flower management 1. The flower species that enter the semi-dormant state when watering at high temperature, such as safflower sorrel, geranium, inverted golden bell, gentleman orchid, calla lily, begonia, sedum, longevity flower, cactus, crystal cactus, big flower rhino, emerald bead, big string moon, Daphne, crab claw orchid, purslane, aloe and so on, their growth activities basically stop and their metabolic level is very low, so watering should be reduced to keep the basin soil moist. And pay attention to shading and ventilation to create a relatively cool environment. If too much watering, it is easy to lead to rotten roots, but also seriously affect the recovery of its growth after autumn. The species of flowers that entered deep sleep at high temperature, such as cyclamen, Lycoris, buttercup, purse peony and so on, showed that the aboveground stems and leaves withered, the underground nutrient fibrous roots withered, and spent the summer dormant in the soil with underground stems or tubers. For deep dormant flowers, stop watering, move to a cool place, and keep the pot soil not too dry. For exuberant flower species, especially foliage plants, such as cycad, Magnolia, tortoise back bamboo, rubber tree, Magnolia, jasmine, Milan, pearl orchid, southern sequoia, bamboo taro, taro, red (green) gemstone, hulk, green emperor, green queen, pink leaf, Brazilian iron, rich tree, camellia, tea plum, peach leaf coral, torch fruit, daidai, lemon, Luohan pine, pomegranate, bauhinia, wisteria, rose, etc. It is not only necessary to increase the amount of water and times of watering, but also to give foliar spraying water and the combination of spraying and pouring properly. Especially when it comes to continuous cloudy days, due to the high temperature and dry air, it is also necessary to give watering and spraying, and must not be negligent. Once it is found that the basin soil is too dry and the leaves wilt, water should be sprayed on the leaves first, and then the roots should be watered after the leaves are erect again. Do not water the roots violently, otherwise it is very easy to cause the woody flowers to "fall green leaves", or lead to the rot of the vegetative fibrous roots of the plants, or even cause the death of the plants. For potted plum piles, as the flower bud differentiation period is from July to August, appropriate "buckle water" should be given to promote the normal differentiation of flower buds. The method is to keep the leaves of pot plants curled inward slightly in order to control vegetative growth; if the vegetative growth of branches can not be controlled, only one leaf at the base can be cut off when 2 or 3 leaves are pulled out from the second shoot, and flower buds can still be differentiated in the axils of this leaf. In July, watering potted flowers should avoid a few hours before and after noon, and it is appropriate to water before 10:00 and after 4 p.m., so as not to affect the growth of potted ornamental plants. If you encounter continuous rain this month, you should check the flowerpot in time after the rain, pour it when you find stagnant water in the flowerpot, and loosen the soil once after the pot soil dries up, so as not to cause rotting roots of potted plants. two。 There are four types of ornamental plants that should be strengthened in July. First, the flowering period is particularly long, from spring and summer to autumn, such as Magnolia, rose, Milan, jasmine, etc.; second, the species of autumn flowers, such as chrysanthemum, sweet-scented osmanthus, hibiscus, etc.; third, the species of viewing flowers and fruits in winter, such as hawkdai, bamboo, wax plum, rhododendron, etc.; fourth, foliage plants, such as brown bamboo, tortoise back bamboo, spring feather, rubber tree, and so on. For the first three types of fertilization, in addition to the necessary nitrogen fertilizer, appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to meet the overall needs of plants for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and to provide adequate nutritional guarantee for their budding, flowering and fruit hanging; for foliage plants, it should be based on thin cake fertilizer or urea. In the method of fertilization, it is better to apply thin liquid fertilizer. The grass flowers that should be fertilized in July are: a bunch of red (white, purple, pink), cockscomb, chrysanthemum, hundred-day red, thousand-day red, chrysanthemum, black chrysanthemum, petunia, golden bracts, shrimp flowers, Jianlan, marigold, purple jasmine, longkou flower and so on. Woody flowers are: crape myrtle, pomegranate, poinsettia, Michelia, sweet-scented osmanthus, camellia, tea plum, Fusang, jasmine, Prynne, Milan, evening incense, rose, begonia, mandarin duck jasmine, triangular plum, rhododendron, pearl orchid, wax plum, hibiscus, hibiscus, hibiscus and so on. There are many kinds of foliage plants, such as pineapple, Brazilian iron, brown bamboo, southern fir, synthetic taro, bamboo taro, hulk, ruby, cycad, rubber tree, tortoise back bamboo, Zhu banana and so on. In July, fertilization must be stopped for dormant or semi-dormant ornamental plants, especially for those succulent ornamental plants, such as sedum, fairy pen, pine chrysanthemum, leopard skin flowers, etc., to prevent plant decay. 3. The ornamental plants that can be pruned and picked in summer must be species with exuberant growth, strong germination and resistance to pruning. Heart-picking refers to the direct removal of tender tip buds with fingers. The main bonsai plants suitable for heart-picking are: hammer elm, sparrow plum, Chinan, silk cotton wood, melon seed yellow poplar, wax plum, firethorn, Luohan pine, Tamarix, Elaeagnus angustifolia, banyan tree, white wax, maple, crape myrtle, June snow, Jiuli incense and so on. Pruning refers to the use of scissors to trim off part of the new shoot to promote the germination of the lower lateral buds to form a beautiful crown or tree shape. Most of the species of bonsai plants suitable for pruning are woody ornamental plants that are not easy to pick with their fingers, such as juniper, Platycladus orientalis, Sabina vulgaris, cedar, oak, cat thorn, cypress and so on. For those potted flower species that bloom continuously for a long time, such as Milan, rose, jasmine, pearl orchid, etc., the stump should be picked in time, and the branches that have flowered should be shrunk in time, which can promote the germination and re-flowering of the lower lateral buds, while for rhododendron, camellia, tea plum, begonia, wax plum, plum, etc., the overlong branches of the crown should also be shrunk in order to form a better crown shape. 4. Shading July is the month with the strongest sunshine and the highest temperature of the year, so special attention should be paid to shading management for potted ornamental plants. For those ornamental plants that like shade or semi-shade, they must be placed under the shade to avoid damage to plants caused by the scorching sun. Such as ferns, hairpins, purple calyx, tortoise back bamboo, camellia, tea plum, rhododendron, pearl orchid, crane orchid, orchid, palm bamboo, rubber tree, red (green) gem, spring feather, pink leaf, green apple, pepper grass, orchid, hanging bamboo plum, Brazilian iron, unicorn leaf, pineapple, bamboo taro, auspicious grass and so on. For the species that like the light, you can give enough light, such as pomegranate, wisteria, crape myrtle, pyracantha, jasmine, June snow, cycad, round cypress, Platycladus orientalis, peach blossom, plum blossom, wax plum, hammer elm, sparrow plum, triangular maple, black pine, bayberry, oak, golden pine, blue orchid, Milan, rose and so on. On the other hand, it is necessary to give proper shade to Luo Han pine, bamboo and cypress, Michelia mollissima, tiger thorn, cloud bamboo, Guanyin bamboo, five-needle pine and so on. For small, miniature and shallow bonsai, because the temperature is too high this month and the air is relatively dry, in addition to giving necessary shade, flowerpots must also be buried in wet sand, which can reduce evaporation on the surface of potted soil and help to protect the nutrient fibrous roots of plants. 5. If the flowers in the air-conditioned room are air-conditioned, you should choose flowers with a higher degree of leatherization, or the leaves are covered with a thicker stratum corneum, slightly resistant to dry environment, and more resistant, such as rubber tree, star anise plate, Ten Gong Lao, cycad, southern fir, golden sunflower, sunflower, palm bamboo, Canadian jujube, pineapple, spring feather, tortoise back bamboo, goose palm wood, one-leaf orchid, peach leaf coral and so on. It is not suitable to choose kidney fern, colored leaf grass, hulk, taro and so on. In addition, in the management, attention should be paid to the combination of watering and spraying, and away from the air outlet of the air conditioner, so as to prevent the wind from directly attacking the plant, resulting in the withered tip and scorched edge of the leaves. 6. Disease and pest control ⑴ orchid new buds in July, the leaf tip is easy to be infected with anthracnose, gradually spread to the whole plant, serious will lead to plant withering and death. The disease may occur all the year round, poor ventilation, high temperature and humidity, continuous rain, more conducive to the reproduction and spread of bacteria. Ventilation should be strengthened and 75% of chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 times or germicidal Dan 500 times should be sprayed during the onset period for prevention and treatment. ⑵ when plum blossom, peach blossom, begonia, red leaf plum, cherry blossom, elm leaf plum and other stumps or trunk, there is a reddish-brown sawdust feces accumulation, mostly caused by longicorn beetle larvae, which can be controlled by artificial killing, injecting inhalant pesticides, plugging poison labels, burying carbofuran and other methods, which can effectively kill the larvae in the trunk. Pay attention to the injection of pesticides, do not use dimethoate, omethoate and so on, in order to prevent drug damage. In July, ⑶ should timely control the wild borer of Euonymus tomentosa, Populus tomentosa, Populus tomentosa and Populus tomentosa. When the insect occurs seriously, it can gnaw off all the leaves. Once found, pesticides such as trichlorfon, dimethoate or permethrin can be sprayed in time. If a certain pesticide has been used for a long time, it has produced resistance and can be changed to a new type of pesticide. In July, some areas of ⑷ will continue to see the leaves of citrus butterfly larvae harming new shoots, such as daidai, kumquat, golden bean, bergamot, lemon, fragrant circle, rue and so on. ⑸ harms ash insects of Ligustrum lucidum, Ligustrum lucidum, water wax and ash trees. The emergence period is from late July to late August. It is necessary to choose the right time to spray pesticides such as quick culling to prevent the disease from happening again in the coming year. ⑹ Japanese tortoise wax scale is the main pest that harms Populus tomentosa, Fawu, Haitong, Camellia, red leaf plum, cedar and so on. When it is serious, it is often covered with branches and leaves. The nymph hatching period is in the first ten days of July, which can be controlled by spraying dimethoate and quick killing pesticides in time. Fourth, bonsai modeling in July, due to high temperature, low air humidity, and plants are in a period of vigorous growth, it is not easy to recover from infection after branch injury, so most tree stumps are no longer suitable for flat binding. Still can carry on the modelling is some adaptable, tolerant plant species, and the request is the spring pot refines the seedling or the plant planted on the ground. They are: Yingchun, Ginkgo biloba, Luo Hansong, Luo Hanbai, Cuibai, June snow, black pine, melon seed yellow poplar, bayberry and so on. In July, the modeling of the plant should be careful, light and slow, slowly, not eagerly, too hard, otherwise it is easy to cause the branch and stem of the plant to break, endangering its survival. Solar terms in mid-July: Lesser Heat on July 7; Greater Heat on July 23.

Flower planting manual autumn

Flower planting Handbook (August)

Flowers suitable for courtyard display in August, with high temperature, strong light and low humidity, is the period of high temperature and dry heat in a year, second only to July. The monthly average temperature in most parts of the country is between 24 ℃ and 28 ℃. The potted ornamental plants which are suitable for display in the courtyard are some species that like light or bear high temperature. The main woody flowers are: southern fir, black pine, golden pine, five-needle pine, gold pine, Japanese golden pine, white bark pine, Japanese fir, Huashan pine, Luohan pine, round cypress, cycad, Canadian jujube, Chinese ash ash wood, orchid cinnamon, Milan, pomegranate, rubber tree, leaf banyan, Fusang mulberry, five-colored plum, ivory red (paulownia), Dutch iron, deciduous wood, Brazilian wood, palm bamboo, wealth tree, big leaf umbrella, Burma gardenia, four seasons cinnamon, Oleander, Washington Palm, Palm, Wine bottle Coconut, Broad Leaf Top Ten efforts, Octagonal Gold Plate, Golden Peach Leaf Coral, Ginkgo, crape myrtle, Jasmine, Fujian Tea, Banyan Tree, Rose and so on. Herbaceous flowers include impatiens, canna, alpinia officinalis, red flowers, dahlias, emerald chrysanthemums, bamboo begonia, longevity, marigold, peacock chrysanthemum, fluke, multicolor pepper, rhombus, cockscomb, calendula, Lycoris, Catharanthus roseus, thousand-day red, sulfur chrysanthemum, purple jasmine, hundred-day red and so on. In addition, there are one-leaf orchid, Guangdong evergreen, spring feather, tortoise back bamboo, green apple, silver queen bright silk grass and so on. Propagation of flowers in the courtyard 1. Sow. In August, the woody flowers that can be sown are: peony, elm leaf plum, safflower oil camellia, summer wax plum, American summer wax plum, Luohan pine, etc., which can be sowed as soon as they are picked, or the seeds can be stored in wet sand until the crack is white, and then sow in the field. Canadelia jujube, it is feasible to store sand to accelerate budding and sow it in bag. After ripening and cracking, the pomegranate was harvested, scrubbed off the fleshy layer outside the seed, and stored in sand until it germinated before sowing. Feasible sowing grass flowers are: Xiacao, fan orchid, petunia, goldfish grass, echinacea, sorrel, thousand-leaf clover, dry golden lotus, pyrethrum and so on. The greenhouse flowers that can be sown are: Baobao flower, cyclamen, melon leaf chrysanthemum, four seasons begonia, four seasons report spring, colorful leaf grass, calendula and so on. 2. Cutting. By using the mixture of alkaline rice bran ash and wet fine sand in the proportion of 2 ∶ 1, the following species of flowers and trees can be propagated: Hippophae rhamnoides, ten kinds of meritorious fruits, wintersweet, Michelia, leaf flower, paulownia, Milan, Artemisia angustifolia, Qionghua, snowball, Fusang, jasmine, jasmine, rubber tree, Galea, Luohansong, goose palm firewood, Zhu banana, eight immortal flowers, purple magnolia and so on. Yellow soil, sandy soil and other substrates can be cut into yellow poplar, pomegranate, hibiscus, French holly, Phnom Penh privet, red leaf Berberis, bamboo, fig, oleander, crape myrtle, June snow, Spiraea, snow spray, gardenia and so on. In addition, a bunch of red, thousand-day red, marigold, sulfur chrysanthemum and other grass flowers, can also be cut this month. 3. Grafting. In August, the following flowers and trees can be grafted: in the north, tassel is used as rootstock, * sweet-scented osmanthus is grafted; Magnolia magnolia and Magnolia magnolia are used as rootstocks to propagate two Arbor Magnolia; potted Magnolia magnolia as rootstock; current-year seedlings of hairy peach are used as rootstocks to graft plum blossom, green peach, Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling, purple leaf peach, double plum, elm leaf plum, etc.; cherry seedlings are used as rootstocks to graft Japanese cherry blossoms Wild rose, pink rose and other rootstocks were used as rootstocks to sprout excellent varieties of rose; seedlings of bauhinia, Huahong and Hubei begonia were used as rootstocks to graft Begonia and Tripterygium; green maple was used as rootstock to graft red maple and feather maple; single-stem rubber tree was used as rootstock to graft leaves and banyan; single-petal camellia was used as rootstock to graft camellia; Chimonanthus was used as rootstock to graft fine varieties of Chimonanthus mume. In addition, wisteria can be propagated by split grafting. 4. Crimping. In August, the ornamental plants that can be used for strip propagation are: honeysuckle, Lingxiao, woody incense, Fujimoto rose, brocade flower, eight immortal flowers, Qionghua, snowball, oleander, gardenia, broom, spring, Admiralty, stick stem begonia, weeping begonia, west begonia, sweet-scented osmanthus, purple magnolia, jasmine, jasmine, Magnolia, Fusang, Luohan pine, coral tree, rubber tree (high pressure), Milan (high pressure), red maple (high pressure) and so on. 5. Ramet. In August, the ornamental plants that can be divided and propagated are: auspicious grass, hairpin, purple calyx, cherry, multi-headed green emperors, pineapple, magnolia, one-leaf orchid, umbrella grass, water mass flower, red (green) gemstone, Iris, Shegan, purple triangular leaf sorrel, Guangdong evergreen, Dutch chrysanthemum, calamus, kidney fern, silver silk grass, bamboo taro, synthetic taro, twelve rolls and so on. In addition, Lycoris radiata, calla lilies and freesia can also be planted this month. Management of flowers planted in the courtyard 1. Transplanting. For some flowering shrubs with large soil balls and intensity pruning in August, the management of shading, watering and spraying should be strengthened after transplanting, and a higher survival rate can be obtained. Such as Golden Leaf Privet, Red Leaf Berberis, Platycladus orientalis in Phnom Penh, Golden Heart (side), Yellow Poplar, Hypericum, Ten Gongfu, Illicium platinum, Rose, Rhododendron, Gardenia jasminoides, Luo Han Song, smile, Dragon Cypress Ball, Shu juniper Ball, Yellow Poplar Ball, Pomegranate, hibiscus, Peach Leaf Coral, French Holly and so on. In the courtyard, you can also transplant fixed grass flowers, such as a string of red, thousand-day red, marigold, cockscomb, peacock grass, longkou flower, etc., which are expected to bloom in September and October. 2. Trim. In August, the hedges in the courtyard, such as boxwood, lobular privet, privet, golden leaf privet, French holly, spinulosa heather, etc., should continue to be pruned. Balls planted on the ground, such as heather, dragon cypress, Shu juniper, bayberry, pyracantha, Haitong, wolfbone, holly, etc., must also be pruned. For flowers and trees that bloom continuously for a long time, such as rose, pomegranate, hibiscus, crape myrtle, Fusang, triangular plum, five-color plum, etc., the residual flowers should be picked in time, and the branches and tips should be appropriately shrunk. Grass flowers planted on the ground, such as a string of red, thousand-day red, early chrysanthemum, peacock chrysanthemum, marigold, etc., should be topped and picked from the heart. 3. Watering. In August, watering and spraying management should be strengthened for flowers and shrubs transplanted in spring and grass flowers planted in spring. Plants with grass ropes tied to the tree trunk should be sprayed wet to ensure that the plants do not wilt new shoots and tender leaves, and should be sprayed and watered carefully to ensure that the roots do not accumulate water. 4. Fertilizing. Safflower planted on the ground in August? Wood, Phnom Penh (heart) boxwood, red leaf Berberis, golden leaf privet, purple leaf dwarf cherry, variable leaf wood, red mulberry, sprinkled golden peach leaf coral, flower leaf colorful alpinia officinalis, etc., in order to keep its leaf color bright for a long time, quick-acting fertilizer with a balance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be applied. For species that continue to bloom, such as rose, cinnamon, cinnamon, pomegranate, hibiscus, crape myrtle, leaf flowers, dahlias, and five-colored plums, as well as those that will bloom, such as sweet-scented osmanthus, chrysanthemum, hibiscus, autumn peony, etc., we should promptly apply an appropriate amount of available phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. For camellia, tea plum, plum blossom and wax plum which are in flower bud differentiation, a small amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed by foliar topdressing. 5. Prevention and control of diseases and pests. In August, scale insects on cedar, privet, Haitong, sweet-scented osmanthus, crape myrtle, heather, camellia and other plants should be promptly sprayed with 1500-fold solution to control. For chrysanthemum tigers and aphids planted on the ground, 1000 times of trichlorfon crystal can be sprayed to kill them. The larvae such as rose leaf wasp and Spodoptera litura that ate rose leaves were promptly sprayed with 1000 times of fenvalerate to control. 6. Seed collection. In August, the woody flower species that can collect seeds are: peony, elm leaf plum, safflower oil tea, Luohansong, summer wax plum and so on. The grass flowers that can collect seeds are: peony, sunflower, purple jasmine, Fulukao, Lingcao, alpine snow and so on. Management of potted flowers in courtyard 1. Watering. In August, it should be watered between 9 and 10:00 in the morning and after 4 o'clock in the afternoon to keep the water temperature basically consistent with the soil temperature and air temperature. For those ornamental plant species that like acidity, 0.1% ferrous sulfate can be added to the irrigation water. It is worth noting that for ornamental plants with dense hairs on their leaves, such as Baobao, Tripterygium, Tripterygium, Begonia, etc., the leaves are not easy to evaporate after droplets, which can easily lead to leaf rot, and only a small amount of spray is feasible; the flower buds of Fulang flower (African chrysanthemum) and the leaf center of Magnolia can not be drenched with water, and the flow of dirty water into the leaves will cause heart damage. Pineapples must be watered less, sprayed more, and injected water into the leaf tube in order to meet their needs. When watering and spraying potted plants this month, you must pay attention to loosening the soil, but every 10 days, otherwise it will lead to pot soil hardening due to repeated watering. For dormant and semi-dormant flower species, watering and spraying should be controlled to keep the basin soil slightly moist, and a relatively cool environment can be created by spraying water around the flowerpot. 2. Fertilizing. In August, foliage plants Such as tortoise back bamboo, one-leaf orchid, rubber tree, spring feather, brown bamboo, red (green) gemstone, southern sequoia, golden wasabi, beautiful needle sunflower, sunflower, fishtail sunflower, sunflower, green apple, Brazilian wood, Dutch iron, fortune tree, kidney fern, dew tree, ash wood (African jasmine), orchid cinnamon (peace wood), gold coin tree (dragon and Phoenix wood), taro, green emperor, green queen, poinsettia, pink leaf, goose palm wood, peach leaf coral, green queen Pocket coconut, leafy wood, star anise gold plate, etc. Can be applied with low concentration of liquid fertilizer, such as urea, flower special fertilizer or cake fertilizer. For species with long flowering period, such as rose, magnolia, jasmine, pearl orchid, crape myrtle, pomegranate, Milan, four seasons cinnamon, cinnamon, triangular plum, five-colored plum, etc., as well as daidai, bergamot, kumquat, lemon, rich seeds, firethorn, golden marbles, pomegranate, pumpkin, papaya, etc., in addition to ensuring nitrogen supply, we should also apply appropriate amount of available phosphate and potassium fertilizer, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate and so on. For potted grass flowers blooming in autumn, such as red, thousand-day red, dry chrysanthemum, marigold, peacock grass, longkou flower, chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, pocket sunflower, etc., thin liquid fertilizer can be applied every semimonthly to ensure the reproduction of leaves and flowers after autumn. For the species of flowers and trees in flower bud differentiation, such as camellia, tea plum, plum blossom, sweet-scented osmanthus, rhododendron and so on, low concentration of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to the leaves. When applying organic fertilizer to ornamental plants, do not drop the fertilizer on the leaves, so as not to cause the leaves to rot. For the sake of safety, spray water on the leaf surface in time after fertilization to rinse away the fertilizer droplets that may adhere to the leaves. For ornamental plant species in dormant or semi-dormant state, such as orchid, crabapple, calla lily, cyclamen, Daphne, aloe, longevity flower, purslane, crab claw orchid, sedum, purple triangle leaf sorrel, cactus, cactus, etc., it is necessary to stop all forms of topdressing, otherwise it is easy to lead to rotten roots or death. 3. Shade. In August, the heat is still strong, so it is still very important to manage the shade of potted flowers in the courtyard. For those cool ornamental plant species Such as tortoise back bamboo, spring feather, cherry angel, rubber tree, hulk, hulk, taro, taro, red (green) gemstone, brown bamboo, green apple, green emperor, green queen, bluegrass, pink daiye, pepper grass, pineapple, water mass flower, mirror grass, fern, Buddha belly bamboo, Phoenix tail bamboo, hanging orchid, auspicious grass, pocket coconut, netted grass, purple velvet, blood leaf orchid, silver silk grass, black leaf Guanyin lotus, crystal candle, anthurium, anthurium Begonia, rich bamboo, one-leaf orchid, asparagus, purple calyx, etc. Can continue to give shade, pull up the shade net at 9: 00 in the morning, and then withdraw after 4: 00 in the afternoon. If the number of potted flowers is small, they can also be moved indoors for 6 to 7 hours before and after noon. If there are conditions, you can also move it to the shade of big trees and wait until the middle of September to move out from the shade of trees. 4. Trim. In August, those stump bonsai that are vigorous, pruning-resistant and easy to germinate continue to be heart-picked or trimmed, such as hammer elm, Finch plum, Fujian tea, banyan tree, white wax, bayberry, melon seed and yellow poplar. Cut the rose, pomegranate, Milan and so on after each flower. For potted chrysanthemums, it is necessary to do a good job of sprouting and bud removal? BR > 5. Control diseases and insect pests. In August, scale insects, citrus butterflies, rose leaf wasps, peach red-necked longicorn beetles and other pests should be controlled. Pay attention to the prevention of orchid leaf diseases, including anthracnose, Botrytis cinerea, leaf blight and so on. Pay attention to the control of chrysanthemum aphids, leaf moths, borer and so on. Potted plants suitable for balcony display in August, the balcony is still hot and dry, and only some potted ornamental plants with strong resistance or long-term shelving on the balcony can adapt. Such as black pine, brocade pine, five-needle pine, hammer elm, Finch plum, water bayberry, wolfberry, holly, wax plum, fruit pomegranate, pomegranate, melon seed yellow poplar, Platycladus orientalis pile, round cypress, ground cypress, oak, white wax, Fujian tea, rose, leaf flower, tequila, five-colored plum, ginkgo, jasmine, Milan, triangular maple, Luohan pine and so on. In August, some of the flowers and trees on the balcony can be transferred to air-conditioned rooms. Such as Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Cartland, Orchid, Orchid, Oncidium, South American iron tree, black leaf Guanyin lotus, crystal candle, red palm, hulk, red (green) gemstone, taro, sunflower, king coconut, cherry, tortoise back bamboo, orchid, green apple, palm bamboo, rich tree, gentleman orchid, inverted golden bell, reticulate grass, golden bract, Brazilian wood, star anise plate and so on. The propagation of flowers on the balcony in August, large diameter flowerpots can be used on the balcony, covered with plastic film, moisturizing and cutting some ornamental plants, and the cutting substrate can be mixed with rice bran ash and fine sand in the ratio of 2 ∶ 1, or vermiculite can be used alone. The ornamental plants that can be cut are: goose palm wood, golden peach leaf coral, bamboo begonia, gardenia, golden bracts, coral flowers, cinnamon, pearl orchid, plantain, jasmine, Guangdong evergreen, silver silk grass, camellia, camellia, Camellia, Michelia, etc., which should be moved indoors 5 to 6 hours before and after noon. Some ornamental plants can also be inserted indoors, but the water must be changed frequently, such as rose, gardenia, jasmine, pearl orchid, goose palm wood, peach leaf coral, figs, plantains, Burmese gardenia, geraniums, Guangdong evergreen, hanging golden bell and so on. Balcony flower management 1. Watering. The watering and spraying of potted flowers on the balcony in August should be careful. First, the difference between water temperature and soil temperature and air temperature is too big; second, we should pay attention to the time of watering and spraying, which can be carried out before 10:00 or after 4 p.m.; third, while watering, loosening the soil for potted plants should not be ignored. fourth, it is best to put a small amount of ferrous sulfate in irrigation water to meet the needs of most ornamental plants in acidic soil environment. If the balcony is more spacious, you can use bricks to build a simple sand pool with 10 cm thick wet sand, and then put some more humid potted flowers on the wet sand, such as: tortoise back bamboo, one-leaf orchid, cherry, camellia, tea plum, taro, spring orchid, Jianlan, pineapple, red (green) gemstone, magnolia, etc., usually spray water instead of watering, it is very beneficial to its safety over the summer. For Cymbidium, Cymbidium, Oncidium, Cartland, inverted Golden Bell, Dendrobium, Crystal Candle, Black Leaf Guanyinlian and so on, they can be moved to an air-conditioned room and watered instead of watered to ensure that they can spend the summer normally. For flowers that are more heat-resistant on the balcony, such as rose, Milan, jasmine, pomegranate, triangular plum, hammer elm, Finch plum, melon seed yellow poplar, triangular maple, black pine, Jinsong, wisteria, Fujian tea, bayberry, tequila, cycad, etc., can be watered once or twice a day and sprayed once or twice a day. 2. Fertilizing. In August, fertilizer should be stopped for potted plants on the balcony that are dormant and semi-dormant. For exuberant foliage plants, 0.3% urea can be sprayed or poured, or multi-component compound fertilizer particles can be applied on the basin. Flowers and trees that mainly watch flowers and fruits, such as Magnolia, Milan, pomegranate, crape myrtle, jasmine, daidai, firethorn, bergamot, kumquat, etc., should continue to apply quick-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. For hammer elm, sparrow plum, wolfberry bone, holly, Luo Hansong, Fujian tea, triangle maple, bayberry, melon seed, etc., after each pruning, you can apply a thin fertilizer. 3. Shade. In August, potted plants shelved on the balcony to receive full light, especially shallow pot piles, such as five-needle pine, Luohan pine, cypress, Fujian tea, plum blossom, triangular maple, etc., can be covered with soft grass, moss or wet cloth on the potted surface, which can not only keep moisture and cool down, but also protect the nutrient fibrous roots distributed in the topsoil from harm. If the balcony is more spacious, sunshade nets can be used to block the light. If there are not many potted flowers and trees on the balcony and are relatively precious, it is best to move them indoors for 5 to 6 hours before and after noon. 4. Trim. In August, most of the stump bonsai shelved on the balcony, such as hammer elm, Finch, June snow, white wax, oak, small bayberry, triangular maple, banyan, Fujian tea, Platycladus orientalis, lobular privet, melon seed yellow poplar, firethorn and so on, still need to be picked or trimmed this month. The stump flowers, withered branches and yellow leaves on other potted ornamental plants should also be cut off in time. 5. Prevention and control of diseases and pests. In August, red spiders are the most vulnerable to red spiders on the balcony. 1500 times of 25% Baileba wettable powder should be sprayed and killed in time. A small number of scale insects on flowers and trees can be removed by pasting transparent glue. The aphids that often appear on chrysanthemums should be sprayed with 1000 times of trichlorfon crystals.

Flower planting Handbook (September)

Flowers suitable for courtyard display in September, the temperature in most parts of China dropped slowly, and the monthly average temperature was between 20 ℃ and 24 ℃. There are many kinds of potted ornamental plants suitable for display in the courtyard this month. Among them, woody ornamental plant species are: Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus elliottii, Bamboo cypress, cycad, Canadian jujube, Australian iron, Cinnamomum chinense, cinnamon, sweet-scented osmanthus, pomegranate, rubber tree, flower and leaf banyan, Fusang mulberry, hibiscus, Dutch iron, leafy wood, Brazilian wood, wealth tree, umbrella, palm bamboo, Burmese gardenia, wine bottle coconut, broad-leaf coconut, star anise gold plate, Sprinkle peach leaf coral, ginkgo, crape myrtle, jasmine, palm, rose, fish tail sunflower, loose tail sunflower, king coconut, Zhu banana, beautiful needle sunflower, Qin leaf banyan, red maple, South American iron tree, spruce, goose palm wood, Fu wood (Garcinia mandshurica), big Buddha belly bamboo, silver birch, Milan, Bailan, Jiuli incense, dew tree, southern bamboo and so on. Herbaceous flowers are: large flower canna, a bunch of red, early chrysanthemum, bamboo begonia, marigold, colorful pepper, Lycoris, Catharanthus roseus, thousand-day red, dahlia, longkou flower and so on. Propagation of flowers in the courtyard 1. Sow. The species of woody flowers that can be sown are: peony, safflower oil tea, Michelia, magnolia, magnolia, seven-leaf tree, summer wax plum, Canadian jujube and so on. Among them, the seeds of the seven-leaf tree can be sown in trenches, the hilum of the seeds should be facing down when sowing, the thickness of the covered soil should not be too deep, and it is appropriate to cover the soil with plastic film or straw to protect moisture. Chimonanthus seeds can be soaked in cold water for 24 to 36 hours before sowing, and the seedlings can emerge about 2 weeks after sowing. The above-mentioned seeds must be stored in wet sand except that Chimonanthus chinensis can be dried and sown in the following spring. September is a good time to sow grass flowers in autumn. feasible species of grass flowers include hollyhock, carnation, Gao Xuelun, dwarf snow wheel, pansy, goldfish grass, petunia, turnip, daisy, marigold, black chrysanthemum, iris, cherry and so on. In addition, greenhouse flowers such as cyclamen, primroses, golden lotus, melon and leaf chrysanthemum, four seasons begonia, Fulang flower, bao flower, can also be sown at this time, but to spend the winter in a plastic shed. 2. Cutting. Using half-sand and half-grain bran ash as cutting substrate, the species of flowers and trees that can be moisturized and propagated in the courtyard are as follows: firethorn, ten meritorious works, Michelia, leaf flower, sea fairy flower, golden peach leaf coral, hanging bell begonia, Qionghua, snowball, brocade flower, mandarin duck jasmine, jasmine, pearl orchid, golden vein jade bed, coral flower, rubber tree, goose palm wood, Zhu banana and so on. Using general sand as seedbed, woody flowers that can be cut and propagated are: boxwood, purple magnolia, hypericum, Spiraea, pomegranate, hibiscus, crape myrtle, snow spray, eight immortal flowers, French holly, Phnom Penh privet, red leaf Berberis, bamboo, figs, oleander, June snow, gardenia, star anise plate, peony, peony and so on. Can also cut some grass flowers, such as a string of red, thousand red, marigold, sulfur chrysanthemum, cold chrysanthemum and so on. 3. Grafting. The following flowers and trees can be grafted and propagated: peony with peony root as rootstock; peach, apricot and other seedlings as rootstocks to propagate elm leaf plum, green peach, Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling, red leaf peach, plum blossom, etc.; green maple seedlings as rootstocks, bagged and moisturized branches to graft red maple, feather maple, etc.; Magnolia magnolia seedlings as rootstocks, budding excellent varieties Magnolia magnolia, Erqiao Magnolia magnolia Potted purple magnolia as rootstock, white orchid; citrus seedling as rootstock, kumquat bud, etc.; tassel as rootstock, sweet-scented osmanthus; potted wintersweet as rootstock, fine variety Chimonanthus mume. 4. Crimping. The ornamental flowers and trees that can be propagated by pressing are: Begonia, brocade flower, eight immortals, gardenia, oleander, spring welcome, Admiralty, sweet-scented osmanthus, purple magnolia, jasmine, Michelia, camellia, pearl orchid, French holly, snowball, Qionghua, snowspray, Spiraea and so on. 5. Ramet. The ornamental plant species that can be ramified are: Cymbidium, Cymbidium, Jian Lan, Paeonia lactiflora, Peony, Guangdong evergreen, Euphorbia angelica, Chrysanthemum, Magnolia, Little Angel, Multi-headed Green Emperor, Silveria, Kidney Fern, Phyllostachys pubescens, Tripterygium, Magnolia, Artemisia angustifolia, Ophiopogon, etc. In addition, hyacinths, tulips, freesia, calla lilies, Lycoris radiata and Mediterranean blue bell flowers can also be used to cultivate flowering bulbs at this time. Management of flowers planted in the courtyard 1. Transplanting. As the temperature in September is still relatively high, it is not necessary to transplant flowers and trees in the courtyard. For example, for the layout of the new courtyard or the transformation of the old courtyard, transplanting can also be carried out on the premise of bringing a good earth ball. Species such as oleander, dragon cypress, Michelia, Shu juniper, sweet-scented osmanthus, camellia, red leaf Berberis, golden leaf privet, yellow poplar, hypericum, French holly, safflower? Wood, sprinkled golden peach leaf coral, etc. Transplanting should carry out intensity pruning, and strengthen watering, spraying and shading management in order to ensure that transplanting is foolproof. Some grass flowers can still be planted or potted for viewing in October in golden autumn. Species are: red, thousand-day red, marigold, peacock grass, longkou flower, chicken crown flower, Catharanthus roseus, sulfur chrysanthemum, Xiaoli, marigold, short canna, morning chrysanthemum and so on. 2. Trim. Continue to prune the garden hedges and ball ornamental plants with strong growth and budding, which is also the last pruning of balls in the growing season in the northern region this year. The main species of courtyard hedges and color blocks suitable for pruning are: boxwood, French holly, spinulosa Photinia, privet, lobular privet, red leaf Berberis, gold leaf privet, Phnom Penh Platycladus orientalis and so on. Suitable for pruning ball ornamental plants are: Dragon cypress, Shu juniper, yellow poplar, bayberry, wolfberry, holly, heather, Haitong, firethorn, Admiralty and so on. The ones that can be planted on the ground are: a string of red, thousand-day red, sulfur chrysanthemum, ground skin, marigold, peacock grass and so on. It is appropriate to pick the heart every 10 days to promote it to form a plump plant shape, and give birth to more inflorescences on the lateral shoots, and stop picking the heart after late September. For woody flowers that bloom continuously for a long time, such as variety rose, abundant rose, miniature rose, rattan rose, crape myrtle, pomegranate, five-color plum, triangular flower, etc., the stump should be cut off in time, and the branches that have flowered should be appropriately shrunk to effectively promote them to blossom again. 3. Watering. In September, the climate is relatively dry, and continuing to do a good job in watering and spraying the trees and shrubs transplanted in the spring in the courtyard is one of the key measures to consolidate their survival effect. The first is to water the roots to keep the soil moist, but not to accumulate water; the second is to spray water on the grass rope wrapped around the trunk to create a locally moist protective layer for the trunk; and the third is to spray water on the crown to reduce foliar transpiration and increase the humidity of the local space. In addition, for the newly planted grass flowers, it is also necessary to do a good job of spraying water and moisturizing. 4. Fertilizing. Colorful foliage plants planted on the ground, such as golden leaf privet, red leaf Berberis, red maple, safflower? Wood, alpinia officinalis, alpinia mandshurica, golden peach leaf coral, red mulberry, red leaf dwarf cherry, red leaf plum, red leaf peach, etc., in order to keep its bright leaf color, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied properly. For land-planted flowers and trees that blossom continuously or watch flowers and fruits in autumn, such as crape myrtle, rose, cinnamon, tangerine, pomegranate, leaf flower, hibiscus, chrysanthemum, canna, dahlia, plum, southern bamboo, firethorn, cinnabar root, kumquat, etc., as well as a large number of autumn grass flowers, it is appropriate to apply balanced available fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. For the flowering kumquat, cinnamon, cinnamon and so on, fertilization can be stopped during the flowering period. 5. Pest control. The green thorn moth that harms flowers and trees such as crape myrtle, pyracantha and begonia can be sprayed with 1000 times liquid of trichlorfon crystal for control; for longicorn beetles that harm crape myrtle, papaya and begonia, poison labels can be inserted from the wormhole to control powdery mildew on rose and chrysanthemum plants. 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times solution can be used at the initial stage of the disease. 6. Seed collection. The woody ornamental plants that can be collected are mainly flowers and trees of Magnoliaceae. Such as Tiannu, Michelia, Magnolia, Magnolia, Yunshan Magnolia, Lechang Michelia, Michelia mollissima, Michelia mollissima, Magnolia magnolia and so on. In addition, there are seven-leaf trees, crape myrtle, cloves, begonia, bauhinia, rhododendron, yew, bright-leaf wax plum and so on. The seeds of Magnoliaceae, yew, seven-leaf tree, begonia, etc., must be stored in wet sand until early spring next year, and then sow in the field after the seed crack. The seeds of grass flowers that can be harvested are: marigold, zinnia, impatiens, purple jasmine, cockscomb, Catharanthus roseus, wheat straw chrysanthemum, emerald chrysanthemum and so on. Management of potted flowers in courtyard 1. Watering. In September, the light is strong, the temperature is high, and the air is quite dry, so the watering management of potted flowers can not be ignored. Watering times, for the general wet foliage plants, the first half of the month can be watered or sprayed once in the morning and afternoon, and watered once in the second half of the month, and give foliar spray water appropriately. For most potted flowers and bonsai, it can be watered once a day, supplemented by foliar spraying. Watering time is before 10:00 in the morning and after 3pm. For ornamental plant species that like acid environment, a small amount of 0.1% light green ferrous sulfate powder can be added to the irrigation water. For summer dormant or semi-dormant flower species that resume growth after autumn, the number and frequency of watering (or spraying) can be gradually increased. When watering potted plants, they should loosen the soil every half a month. 2. Fertilizing. September is the period of exuberant growth of most flowers, some dormant and semi-dormant flower species in summer, with the gradual cooler temperature, also began to restore growth, this month should attach great importance to fertilization management. For foliage plants, such as tortoise back bamboo, rubber tree, wealth tree, Brazilian wood, spring feather, brown bamboo, ash ash, cinnamon, money tree (dragon and Phoenix wood), Nanyang fir, fish tail sunflower, green apple, red (green) gem, green emperor, silver queen, bamboo taro, synthetic taro, fir, etc., it is still dominated by low concentration of light fertilizer, such as 0.3% urea, etc. For flowers and trees with special flowering or full flowering in autumn, such as rose, tricolor plum, five-colored plum, pomegranate, crape myrtle, Milan, blue blue, jasmine, four seasons cinnamon, cinnamon, sweet-scented osmanthus, etc., ornamental plants such as daidai, Phyllostachys pubescens, cinnabar root, firethorn, papaya, golden marbles, purple beads, fruit pomegranate, etc., colorful leaf plants such as variable leaf wood, gold-sprinkled peach leaf coral, pineapple, flower leaf banyan, Phnom Penh Brazil wood, Zhu banana, colored leaf grass, etc. Fertilizer types with balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be applied. For the resuming growing crabapple, geranium, calla lily, cyclamen, four seasons begonia, Daphne, crab claw orchid, sedum, purslane (jade leaf), purple triangle leaf sorrel, gentleman orchid, arrow lotus, etc., low concentration liquid fertilizer can be restored. For flowers that have completed flower bud differentiation and entered the stage of flower bud expansion, such as Camellia, Camellia, Chimonanthus, Plum, Michelia, rhododendron, etc., low concentration nutritionally balanced fertilizers can be applied to potted grass flowers, such as red, marigold, chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, dahlia, pocket sunflower, etc., thin fertilizer can be applied every 10 days to meet the needs of their pregnant buds and next month's flowering. 3. Shade. In September, the temperature is high and the sun is still strong, so the shading management of potted flowers in the courtyard can not be relaxed. For those species of foliage plants that like shade Such as tortoise back bamboo, rubber tree, kidney fern, Boston fern, bird's nest fern, synthetic taro, taro, green apple, brown bamboo, green emperor, silver queen, orchid, pink daiye, golden horseradish, orchid, autumn begonia, unicorn leaf, cherry, red (green) gemstone, crystal candle, black leaf Guanyin lotus, reticulate grass, red vein jade bed, asparagus, goose palm wood, flower leaf Phoenix tail fern, watermelon pepper grass, flower and leaf evergreen, green giant, red palm, red palm Antler fern, mirror grass, water mass flower, emperor sunflower, rich bamboo, etc. Give 5 to 6 hours of light a day through shade Full light can be given to the species that like light, such as triangular maple, hammer elm, Fujian tea, ginkgo, bayberry, black pine, Platycladus orientalis (pile), round cypress, crape myrtle, southern fir, wisteria, Milan, jasmine, fire thorn, rose, oak, white wax, etc. Wood, epiphyllum, Phyllostachys pubescens, Yushu, rhododendron, camellia, tea plum, bergamot, daidai, kumquat, etc., can be given appropriate shade around noon. The newly transplanted autumn grass flowers should also be shaded properly to prevent the plant from wilting and affecting its growth. 4. Trim. For potted chrysanthemums, we should continue to peel off buds and remove buds, and prune rose, pomegranate, Milan, jasmine, pearl orchid, triangular plum, five-colored plum, golden bract, coral flower and so on after each flowering. For those tree stump bonsai species that are resistant to pruning, easy to germinate and thrive, such as hammer elm, sparrow plum, triangular maple, Fujian tea, banyan tree, red nan, lobular privet, bayberry, melon seed yellow poplar, Platycladus orientalis (pile), true cypress, white wax, Tamarix, etc., continue to prune or pick buds. In addition, the seedlings of the rich trees can be braided and put on the pot. 5. Pest control. The red-necked longicorn beetles on potted plum blossom, begonia, Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling, green peach and other plants can be injected with poison and can also be controlled by burying carbofuran granules. The Japanese tortoise wax scale, cotton blowing scale, shield scale, velvet scale and so on appeared on potted flowers and trees were controlled with 1500 times liquid of 40% speed culling. Potted plants suitable for balcony display in September, the balcony is still strong light, dry air, only some long-term put on the balcony potted flowers or potted plants with strong resistance, can adapt to the special environment on the balcony. They are: black pine, golden pine, red pine, five-needle pine, hammer elm, Finch plum, bayberry, triangular maple, wolfberry, holly, wax plum, pomegranate, melon seed yellow poplar, Platycladus orientalis (pile), round cypress, Fujian tea, white wax, banyan, leaf flower, rose, tequila, ginkgo, Milan, jasmine, park tree, Luo Han pine, thorn, five-colored plum and so on. For some flower species that prefer a cool environment, they can continue to be placed in air-conditioned rooms, such as Cymbidium, Oncidium, Dendrobium, Cartland, Wandai Orchid, Spider Orchid, Black Leaf Guanyin Lotus, Crystal Candle, Anthurium, Gentleman, inverted Golden Bell, Reticulate Grass, etc. For some common foliage plants, they can be moved indoors in 4 to 5 hours before and after noon, such as brown bamboo, tortoise back bamboo, Brazilian wood, rich tree, green apple, one-leaf orchid, loose-tailed sunflower, fish tail sunflower, king coconut, spotted oak tree, sprinkled peach leaf coral, goose palm wood and so on. The breeding of flowers on the balcony in September, you can continue to use large-caliber flowerpots as containers on the balcony, with a mixture of bran ash and wet sand accounting for 1 and 2 respectively, moisturizing with plastic film, and can be cut and propagated some ornamental plants, such as gardenia, plantain, sprinkled peach leaf coral, goose palm wood, Japanese cinnamon, four seasons cinnamon, camellia, tea plum, pearl orchid, jasmine, red back cinnamon, coral, golden bract, smile, silver bright silk grass and so on. You can also insert goose palm wood, rose, gardenia, figs, Guangdong evergreen and so on in indoor water. Balcony flower management 1. Watering. For some ornamental plants that like wetting, such as Chunlan, Jianlan, Magnolia, tortoise back bamboo, one-leaf orchid, camellia, tea plum, cherry, pearl orchid, pineapple and so on, they can be put on the plank on the balcony pool or tank, or in the simple sand pool built by themselves, and usually spray water instead of watering. For potted foliage plants shelved indoors, they should also spray more water and less watering, so as to keep the pot soil loose and moist; especially in the air-conditioning room, spray water at least once or twice a day, otherwise even the five-needle pine bonsai, which is more drought-resistant, will lose water and die without watering or spraying for 5 to 7 days. Potted ornamental plants with strong resistance on the balcony can continue to be watered once a day and sprayed once or twice a day, or soaking pot method can be used to prevent the occurrence of wet and dry soil. Watering time should still avoid 2 to 3 hours before and after noon, pay attention to the difference between water temperature, soil temperature and air temperature, and add a small amount of light green ferrous sulfate to the irrigation water to avoid physiological yellowing. 2. Fertilizing. Low concentration liquid fertilizer should also be applied to potted flowers that gradually recover from dormancy or semi-dormancy; for potted pile heads with vigorous growth, dilute liquid fertilizer can be applied once after heart-picking and pruning; for potted flowers and trees that mainly view flowers and fruits, such as Magnolia, rose, pomegranate, crape myrtle, jasmine, pearl orchid, daidai, hot thorn, bergamot, kumquat, etc., we should continue to apply quick-acting phosphate and potassium fertilizer. For potted flowers that have completed flower bud differentiation and whose buds are growing, such as Camellia, Camellia, Chrysanthemum, Plum, Osmanthus, Chrysanthemum, etc., according to different species, appropriate amount of available phosphorus and potassium fertilizer or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium balanced multi-component compound fertilizer can be applied. On the balcony to the kinds of flowers and trees topdressing, do not have a peculiar smell, especially can not have a bad smell, pouring attention to do not splash downstairs, careful operation. 3. Shade. For the stump bonsai and potted flowers shelved on the balcony to receive full light, in order to reduce watering, prevent soil hardening, and protect the nutritious fibrous roots distributed in the surface of the potted soil, you can continue to cover the potted surface with wet grass, moss, wet cloth, etc.; when the number of potted flowers is small, it can be moved indoors in 5 to 6 hours before and after noon; if there are more potted flowers and the conditions are available, you can continue to stand and pull up the sunshade to block the light. 4. Trim. In September, bonsai stumps placed on the balcony, such as hammer elm, sparrow plum, bayberry, melon seed yellow poplar, triangular maple, banyan tree, Fujian tea, Platycladus orientalis (pile), round cypress, cedar, lobular privet, white wax, etc., still need to be coring or pruning. The withered branches, yellow leaves and abortive stems of other potted flowers and trees should also be cut off in time. 5. Pest control. In September, when the temperature on the balcony is high and the air is dry, potted flowers and trees are most vulnerable to the harm of red spiders, which can be sprayed with 1500 times of 25% Begonia wettable powder. Longicorn beetles on dragon cypress, cypress and juniper bonsai, and pink-necked longicorn beetles on plum blossoms, begonia, papaya, Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling and other flowers and trees can continue to be injected with poison labels or buried with carbofuran for control. A variety of scale insects harmful to camellia, pyracantha, crape myrtle, wax plum and other flowers and trees can be artificially erased when the number is small, and can be sprayed with 1500 times of quick culling liquid to control when the number is large.

Flower planting manual winter

Flower planting Handbook (October)

Flowers suitable for courtyard display

In October, temperatures dropped in most parts of the country, with a monthly average temperature of between 10 ℃ and 19 ℃. There are many kinds of potted ornamental plants suitable for courtyard display this month. Among them, woody ornamental plant species are: Nanyang fir, five-needle pine, Japanese golden pine, white bark pine, Japanese fir, spruce, Luohan pine, bamboo cypress, cycad, Canadian jujube, Dutch iron, ash ash, orchid cinnamon, sweet-scented osmanthus, hibiscus, rubber tree, goose palm wood, flower leaf banyan, mulberry, golden pine, variable leaf wood, Brazilian wood, wealth tree, palm bamboo, wine bottle orchid, broad leaf ten work, star anise plate, sprinkler peach coral, Thick-leaf banyan, fish-tail sunflower, loose-tailed sunflower, king coconut, Zhu banana, beautiful needle sunflower, Qin leaf banyan, desert rose, South American iron tree, Fukumi, big Buddha belly bamboo, red maple, silver birch, Milan, Bailan, dew tree, Jiuli incense, southern bamboo and so on. Herbaceous flowers are: a bunch of red, big flower canna, dahlia, chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, small chrysanthemum, bamboo begonia, Longkou flower, peacock grass, marigold, five-color pepper, cockscomb, calendula, Catharanthus roseus, thousand-day red, petunia, guinea impatiens and so on. It should be noted that in North China, Northeast China and other places, when the temperature drops below 10 ℃, we should pay attention to the cold protection of the species planted in the south and north.

Propagation of flowers in the courtyard

1. Sow seeds. The species of woody flowers that can be sown are: peony, safflower oil tea, Michelia, magnolia, magnolia, seven-leaf tree, summer wax plum, rich and noble son, free from trouble, Kuding tea, Luohansong, bamboo cypress, French holly, du ying, beautiful needle sunflower, yew, sunflower, privet, lobular privet, camphor, sea immortal flower, palm, pond fir and so on. Among them, the hilum of the seven-leaf tree should be facing down when sowing, and the seeds of Chimonanthus should be soaked for 24 to 36 hours before sowing. Except for the seeds of Chimonanthus przewalskii and Prunus mandshurica which can be dried and sown in the following spring, the seeds of other species can be treated clean and stored in wet sand to accelerate germination until the seeds are white in spring. It should be noted that the seeds should be washed clean before storage, the water content of the sand should be clustered and loosened, and the ratio of seed to sand is about 1: 3. Seeds should be checked frequently during storage to prevent seeds from drying or mildew. The species of grass flowers that can be sown are: hollyhock, mallow, Yu Mei, calendula, goldfish grass, carnation, pansy, Parthenocissus, Shegan, short snow wheel, high snow wheel, turbot, daisy, black chrysanthemum, iris, beautiful cherry and so on. Greenhouse flowers such as golden lotus, paulownia, petunia, melon and leaf chrysanthemum, spring of the four seasons, African chrysanthemum, balsam flower, can also be sown in a plastic greenhouse.

2. Cutting. Feasible species of woody flowers for cutting propagation are: red-backed cinnamon, goose palm wood, evening incense, five-colored plum, fire thorn, ten meritorious works, bergamot, dragon spitting pearl, plantain, Michelia, peach coral, Fusang, leaf flower, jasmine, pearl orchid, red leaf Berberis, golden leaf privet, four seasons cinnamon, gardenia, sea immortal, hemp leaf hydrangea, safflower Spiraea, snow spray, hypericum, red leaf plum, rose, Qionghua, crape myrtle, hibiscus, oleander, hibiscus, oleander, Figs, pedicel begonias, etc. The cutting substrate can be either sandy soil or yellow soil, or a mixture of half sand and half bran ash, using fully closed moisturizing cuttings. In addition, some southern flowers and trees cutting, Frosts Descent arrived, we should pay attention to do a good job of cold prevention. Feasible cutting species of grass flowers are: red, thousand red, marigold, four seasons crabapple, bamboo crabapple, hanging bamboo plum, golden Pueraria, cold water flower, coral flower, golden bract flower, shrimp flower, golden vein jade bed, cold chrysanthemum and so on. Feasible cuttage (this part is short! )

3. Grafting. One-to two-year-old seedlings of black pine were used as rootstocks, five-needle pine (including Osaka pine) and golden pine were grafted by bagging, peony was grafted with peony root as rootstock, one-year-old Acer maple seedlings were used as rootstocks, red maple and feather maple were grafted with bags, and one-year-old Magnolia magnolia seedlings were used as rootstocks to bud superior varieties such as Magnolia magnolia, Magnolia magnolia and Magnolia safflower. With three-rowed arrow as rootstock, various fairy balls were grafted, and annual citrus seedlings were used as rootstock to graft kumquat.

4. Crimping. The species of flowers and trees that can be propagated under low pressure are: Camellia, plum blossom, sea immortal, eight immortal flowers, brocade belt, pedicel begonia, eight laurel, snowball, Qionghua, purple magnolia, gardenia, hypericum, French holly, welcome spring, Admiralty, Michelia, snowflake, safflower Spiraea and so on.

5. Ramet. The feasible woody flower species are: Phyllostachys pubescens, broad-leaf ten merit, ten merit, peony, stick begonia, hemp leaf hydrangea, double tapetum, spray flower, Spiraea, iron tree and so on. The feasible species of grass flowers are: peony, hairpin, spring orchid, purple calyx, crane orchid, cymbidium, Jianlan, buttercup, golden chrysanthemum, iris, shoot dry, lily of the valley, Guangdong evergreen, silver queen bright silk grass, purple triangle leaf sorrel, multi-headed green emperor, kidney fern, one-leaf orchid and so on. Feasible flower species are: calla lily, Zhu Dinghong, freesia, Lycoris, tulip, Mediterranean blue bell flower and so on.

Management of flowers planted in courtyard

1. Transplant. According to the local climate change, some deciduous ornamental plants can be transplanted after Frosts Descent's defoliation, such as hibiscus, bauhinia, elm plum, pomegranate, clove, red leaf plum, purple magnolia, green peach, Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling, Fenghua rose, red leaf Berberis, golden leaf privet and so on. For some evergreen flowering shrubs, such as broad-leaved ten meritorious shrubs, Phyllostachys pubescens, Shu juniper, dragon cypress, Platycladus orientalis, four Seasons, Gardenia jasminoides, Populus tomentosa, etc., when transplanting, one is to cut before transplanting, the second is to bring good soil balls, and the third is to strengthen watering and spraying management after transplanting. The species of courtyard grass flowers that can be planted are: carnation, daisy, hollyhock, kale, pansy, marigold, cherry, fluke, goldfish grass, onion orchid, Ophiopogon japonicus, auspicious grass and so on. Feasible bulb flower species are: daffodils, Hongkou daffodils, tulips, hyacinths and so on.

2. Trim. The hedges and balls in the courtyard should be trimmed for the last time this year, and the standard is flat, straight and round. The courtyard color blocks and hedge plants suitable for pruning are: Phnom Penh privet, red leaf Berberis, safflower tree, Phnom Penh Platycladus orientalis, Phnom Penh yellow poplar, big leaf yellow poplar, melon seed yellow poplar, French holly, privet, Ligustrum lucidum, lobular privet and so on. The balls that need to be pruned are: Dragon cypress, yellow poplar, red bayberry, wolfberry, holly, heather, Haitong, firethorn and so on. For continuously flowering flowers and trees in the courtyard, such as rose, crape myrtle, five-colored plum, triangulated plum, etc., we should continue to cut off the stump and stem, and cut the branches that have flowered moderately. For the grass flowers planted in the courtyard, such as red, marigold, thousand-day red, etc., it is necessary to cut off the open inflorescences in time to promote their lateral shoots to continue to blossom and blossom, so as to prolong the ornamental period.

3. Watering. For the newly planted courtyard flowers and trees in that year, we should continue to do a good job in watering and spraying: first, we should keep the soil at the roots moist, but there should be no stagnant water; second, we should continue to spray water on the leaves. In addition, we should also do a good job of spraying water and moisturizing the newly planted grass flowers.

4. Fertilizing. For autumn grass flowers planted in the courtyard, it is appropriate to apply balanced quick-acting fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; for sweet-scented osmanthus flowers that have already bloomed, base fertilizer can be opened in annular trenches; for pruned rose, begonia, crape myrtle, hibiscus, camellia, Michelia, plum blossom, wax plum, etc., appropriate amount of compound fertilizer can be applied. For Phyllostachys pubescens and Firethorn, as well as bergamot, kumquat, daidai and golden marbles in the south, a small amount of available phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be properly applied to prolong the fruit appreciation period.

5. Pest control. Stem borer pests such as plum blossom, red leaf plum, cherry blossom and begonia planted in the ground will continue to be controlled with poison swabs. The withered branches and leaves falling in the courtyard should be cleaned and burned in time. In the north, the thick tree trunks in the courtyard can be whitened at the end of the month, or stone-sulfur mixture can be applied directly on the trunk.

[page] 6. Seed collection. Available woody plant species are: Luohan pine, bamboo and cypress, disease-free, seven-leaf tree, purple magnolia, magnolia, magnolia, Taxus, Camellia oleifera, etc. These seeds must be stored in wet sand. The feasible seed species for dry storage are: crape myrtle, Liriodendron chinense, red maple, chicken claw maple, golden pine, metasequoia, Cryptomeria fortunei, Sapium sebiferum, Albizia glabra, Luan tree, hibiscus, southern sour jujube, bauhinia, camptotheca, Chongyang wood, Wujiao maple and so on. Available grass flowers are: a bunch of red, cockscomb, zinnia, thousand-day red, Xiaoli chrysanthemum, marigold, peacock grass, chrysanthemum, impatiens, purple jasmine, ground skin, wheat straw chrysanthemum, Persian chrysanthemum, alpine snow, poinsettia, mimosa, dance grass and so on.

In addition, at the end of October, the underground roots of canna and dahlia were dug up when the aboveground part was close to withering, and the sand was stored indoors, keeping the room temperature not less than 5 ℃, and then cut and planted again in the spring of next year.

Management of potted flowers in courtyard

1. Watering. Although the weather has turned cool, in most areas south of the Huaihe River, the temperature is still above 17 ℃, and the air is quite dry, so watering of potted flowers must be managed carefully. For some foliage plants that like to be moist, such as rubber tree, orchid orchid, tortoise back bamboo, green apple, synthetic taro, ash ash wood, orchid cinnamon, hulk, ruby, etc., it is appropriate to water once a day in sunny days, supplemented by foliar spray; for summer dormant flowers that resume growth after entering autumn, including semi-dormant species, such as calla lily, cyclamen, gentleman orchid, purslane, incense, geranium, hanging bell crabapple, etc., need to increase the amount of water. For wax plum, plum blossom and camellia that blossom in winter and early spring, watering should be controlled and more water should be sprayed to facilitate the expansion of the bud. For the cold-afraid flower species in the northern region, it is necessary to reduce watering, which can accelerate the Lignification of their new shoots, so as to facilitate their safe passage through the winter. The best watering time is 10:00 or 3pm.

2. Fertilizing. For summer dormant flowers that resume growth after cool autumn, it is necessary to apply low concentration quick-acting liquid fertilizer in time; for camellia, plum blossom, wax plum, melon and leaf chrysanthemum, primrose, gentleman orchid, cyclamen, cyclamen, Belgian rhododendron, red daffodil, etc., the mixture of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% urea should continue to be applied. For most foliage plants, the application of nitrogen fertilizer should be stopped after the middle of October, and some low concentration potassium fertilizer should be applied properly in order to increase the cold resistance of plants; for ornamental fruit potted plants, such as daidai, lemon, kumquat, Tianzhu, winter coral, rich seeds, golden marbles and so on, a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied in the first and middle of October.

3. Shade. For some very shady foliage plant species, such as Daifen leaf, tortoise back bamboo, bamboo taro, synthetic taro, emerald, Boston fern, pepper grass, etc., they still need to be shaded 2 to 3 hours before and after noon.

4. Trim. For most of the bonsai and potted flowers that must be moved indoors in the middle and late October, the withered branches, disease and insect branches, and thin branches should be cut off first; for the long branches, they should be shrunk in strength; the binding objects that have been modeled for 1 to 2 years can be removed, or they can be re-tied after they are untied, so that they will not be strangled and bound in a fixed position for a long time, injuring the cambium of the branches, causing the branches and leaves to die.

5. Keep out the cold. In the middle and last ten days of October in the northern region, some ornamental plant species that cannot tolerate the low temperature below 10 ℃ can be moved into the greenhouse in time; for some more hardy woody potted flowers or tree stump bonsai, they can be buried in the leeward and sunny soil at the end of the month to prevent the basin soil from freezing. The Yangtze River basin should accurately grasp the information of weather changes and avoid the threat of cold wave going south.

6. Pest control. Cut off the dead branches and leaves from potted flowers and trees, collect them uniformly and burn them. For potted chrysanthemums, aphids, chrysanthemum tigers, leaf miner larvae, inchworm and other pests should be controlled.

Potted plants suitable for balcony display

On the balcony in the first and middle of October, the light is strong and the air is dry. Only those potted flowers and trees that have been left on the balcony for a long time and have strong resistance can adapt to the open-air environment of the balcony. They are: black pine, golden pine, hammer elm, sparrow plum, triangular maple, water bayberry, white wax, Fujian tea, Luohan pine, Platycladus orientalis, round cypress, dragon cypress, melon seed yellow poplar, pomegranate, leaf flower, thick-leaf banyan, ginkgo, rose, jasmine, Milan, iron tree, firethorn, five-colored plum, Tamarix, red maple and so on. Some cold-resistant southern flowers and trees can no longer be placed on the balcony when the temperature drops to 10 ℃. For some flower species that like a cooler environment, they can be placed indoors at the beginning of the month. Such as Cymbidium, crystal candle, netted grass, Cartland, Phalaenopsis, Oncidium and so on. For some common foliage plants, they can be moved indoors in 3 to 4 hours before and after noon, and can be placed on the balcony at other times, such as palm bamboo, Brazilian wood, wealth tree, green apple, one-leaf orchid, loose-tailed sunflower, fishtail sunflower, king coconut, spotted cymbidium, goose palm wood and so on. In the north, when the temperature drops to 10 ℃, most flowers and trees can no longer be placed on the balcony. The propagation of flowers on the balcony in the first ten days of October, we can continue to use the wide-mouth flowerpot as the cutting container on the balcony, containing the mixed cutting substrate of 1% of bran ash and 1% of wet sand, or vermiculite can be used alone as cutting substrate, covered with plastic film to moisturize, and cuttings propagate a small amount of ornamental plants. Such as gardenia, goose palm wood, rubber tree, peach leaf coral, Michelia, jasmine, pearl orchid, Guangdong evergreen, coral flower, golden bract, shrimp flower, mulberry, bergamot, silver queen silk grass, golden kudzu, geranium and so on.

Management of balcony flowers

1. Watering. For woody ornamental plants placed on the balcony, such as cycads, banyan trees, rubber trees, goose palm wood, Brazilian wood, rich trees, Milan, Prynne, jasmine, etc., can be watered once a day, supplemented by foliar spray; for the already pregnant bud, the species that will blossom in winter and early spring, such as wax plum, plum blossom, camellia, tea, Belgian rhododendron, etc., should not be watered too much, and spraying the branches and leaves at the same time can effectively promote the expansion of the bud. For potted foliage plants shelved indoors, such as tortoise back bamboo, spring feather, cherry angel, one-leaf orchid, plantain, bird's nest fern, Anthurium andraeanum, taro, green apple, etc., should be watered mainly and watered as a supplement, in order to keep the basin soil dry.

2. Fertilizing. Potted flower species that resume growth from dormancy or semi-dormancy, such as Cymbidium, cyclamen, calla, and Cymbidium, pineapple, orchid, etc., can be poured with a mixture of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% urea; for fruit-viewing daidai, kumquat, kumquat, lemon, bamboo, golden marbles, rich seeds, hot thorns, winter corals, etc., can continue to apply a small amount of low concentration available phosphate and potassium fertilizer. For Milan, Magnolia, Pearl Orchid, Jasmine and so on, thin phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied 1 or 2 times in early October to facilitate its smooth winter.

3. Shading. In the first and middle of October, in order to reduce the amount of water, protect the nutritious fibrous roots distributed on the surface of the potted soil, and prevent the consolidation of the potted soil, we can continue to cover the surface of the potted soil with wet grass, moss, wet cloth and so on, especially the shallow potted tree stump bonsai, in order to reduce the amount of water, protect the nutritious fibrous roots distributed on the surface of the potted soil and prevent the consolidation of the potted soil. For some shade-loving foliage plants, they can be moved indoors for 3 to 4 hours before and after noon in sunny weather. The sunshade net built in summer can be removed after mid-October.

4. Trim. The stump bonsai shelved on the balcony in mid-late October, such as hammer elm, sparrow plum, triangular maple, banyan tree, Fujian tea, Platycladus orientalis (pile), Luohan pine, round cypress, dragon cypress, privet, etc., must be pruned and reshaped as necessary. The wire or non-metal wire which has been bound for more than a year can be solved first. if the modeling requirement is not met, a new binding position can be changed and then fixed, so as to avoid serious damage to the plant caused by deep constriction. For general potted flowers and trees, such as rose, wax plum, plum blossom, pedicel begonia, vertical silk begonia, etc., can also be pruned appropriately.

5. Pest control. In late October, the dead branches and leaves of all potted flowers on the balcony can be collected and burned together. The stump bonsai with partially exposed xylem of the trunk can be smeared with stone-sulfur mixture, which can not only protect the xylem of the trunk, but also reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in the coming year. Flower planting Handbook (November)

November weather characteristics: this month is the turn of autumn and winter, November 7, the Beginning of Winter, the beginning of winter in China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River will freeze; November 22, Lesser Snow, the Yellow River basin and the north began to snow, the Yangtze River basin also began to enter winter. The conservation of flowers and trees this month should pay attention to two aspects of work: one is to trim and clean up the flowers and trees planted on the ground, to whiten and disinfect the trunk, to turn the ground and apply basic fertilizer, and the other is to do a good job in preventing cold and freezing from bonsai and flowers in the greenhouse and greenhouse. The management of flower events this month mainly has the following contents.

I. Flower reproduction

1. Sow seeds. The kinds of flowers that can be sown in the greenhouse in November are: Golden Lotus, Big Rock Tree, Begonia bulb, cyclamen, African Chrysanthemum, Magnolia, asparagus, Hosta and so on.

The types of flowers and trees that can be sown on demand in November are: hemp leaf hydrangea, lobular privet, camphor, pencil cypress, bamboo cypress, Luohan pine, disease-free seed, rich seed (cinnabar root), palm, French holly, heather, cypress and so on.

two。 Cuttings. It is feasible to cut in the open field in November, but it must be covered with plastic film. the main types of flowers and trees for heat preservation and cold protection are: red leaf plum, plum blossom (refers to green calyx, palace powder and other varieties), rose (refers to abundant rose, Elizabeth and other easy-to-root varieties), sticking begonia and so on.

The species of flowers and trees that can be propagated by root insertion in November are: red leaf plum, weeping begonia, sticking stem begonia, wolfbone, holly, Lingxiao, hammer elm, June snow and so on. Some of these root seedlings can be used to make small, miniature bonsai.

The flowers and trees that can be closely planted and propagated in the greenhouse or greenhouse in November are: melon seed and yellow poplar, sparrow tongue yellow poplar, big leaf yellow poplar, silver edge yellow poplar, cold water spray, Phnom Penh privet, gardenia, hypericum, golden plum, ten meritorious efforts, Phnom Penh June snow and so on. If properly managed, intact roots can be grown next spring, which can be used to cultivate the green shape of balls. In winter, bamboo crabapple, borer leaf begonia, lotus leaf begonia, geranium, Fusang, hanging bell begonia, Yushu, purslane, red back cinnamon, golden bract, shrimp flower and so on can be cut and propagated in the greenhouse.

In November, ear cuttings such as hibiscus, Lingxiao and grape can be cut and stored in the Yangtze River valley, and cutting in the next spring can obviously accelerate the rooting speed and improve the survival rate of cuttings.

3. Grafting. Red maple and feather maple were grafted with green maple seedling as rootstock, red maple and feather maple were grafted with apricot seedling and peach seedling as rootstock, plum blossom was cut (grafting interface was buried in soil for overwintering), sturdy branches of rose (Elizabeth variety) were used as rootstock, branches of excellent rose were used as scion, split grafting or cutting were carried out after cuttage, interface healing and lower incision rooting were synchronized, which could speed up the process of cultivating grafted seedlings of rose.

4. Press the strip. The main species of flowers and trees that can be propagated under low pressure in November are: Tripterygium, Gardenia jasminoides, gardenia, pomegranate, camellia, plum blossom, wax plum, Luohansong, brocade flower, sweet-scented osmanthus, eight immortal flowers, purple magnolia, emerald cypress, Michelia, hemp leaf hydrangea, snowball, Qionghua, spray snow and so on.

5. Ramet. The woody ornamental plant species that can be propagated in November are: Begonia, hemp leaf hydrangea, snow spray, red Spiraea, three branches, hypericum, golden plum, ten meritorious works, drunken fish grass, peony, broom, welcome spring, golden bell, Jasmine, jasmine, Zhu orchid, Phoenix tail bamboo, Fei Baizhu and so on.

In the south of the Yangtze River basin, the underground roots or tubers of Dahlia, canna and canna can be dug, stored in sand and then cut and planted in March of the following spring.

Feasible plant and flower species are: Bletilla striata, Jian Lan, Chunlan, Cymbidium, Hosta, Purple Calyx, Shegan, Iris, ornamental pineapple, Ophiopogon japonicus, auspicious grass, onion orchid, evergreen, one-leaf orchid, rooting and so on.

1. Gather seeds. The grass flower seeds that can be harvested in November are: a string of red, thousand-day red, hundred-day red, emerald chrysanthemum, peacock grass, marigold, maple sunflower and so on.

The species of flowers and trees that can be collected for dry storage in November are: black pine, Huangshan pine, five-needle pine, metasequoia, cypress, Japanese cypress, Japanese flat cypress, acacia, maple, Camptotheca acuminata, Eucommia ulmoides, red redwood, Sapium sebiferum, wisteria, crape myrtle, Caragana, hemp leaf hydrangea. The types of flowers and trees that can be sowed on pick or must be stored in wet sand are: privet, lobular privet, palm, camphor, pencil cypress, disease-free seed, Chinese wolfberry, yew, magnolia, holly, wolfberry, firethorn, heather, Chinese rose (used to cultivate rootstocks) and so on.

two。 Transplanting and planting. The species of grass flowers that can continue to plant and transplant flower beds in November are: short snow wheel, carnation, hollyhock, mallow, pansy, goldfish grass, daisy, calendula, kale and so on.

The species for transplanting big trees in November are: Cinnamomum camphora, Magnolia grandiflora, Albizia mandshurica, Sapium sebiferum, Ligustrum lucidum, Luan tree, tallow, white magnolia, sweet-scented osmanthus, red maple, red leaf plum, plum blossom, wax plum, seven-leaf tree, Linden tree, giant bauhinia, horse Liriodendron, two Qiao magnolia, papaya, begonia and so on. Among them, when transplanting evergreen trees, the branches and trunk must be properly cut or truncated, and most of the leaves must be deleted, and the trunk should be tied up with grass rope, and at the same time, a large soil ball (generally the diameter of the soil ball is about 6 to 7 times the diameter of the trunk). To ensure its survival; transplanting deciduous trees, you can cut the trunk short, cut the big branches, bring the soil balls and tie up the trunk. After transplanting, the management of watering and trunk spraying must be strengthened in order to survive. In addition, the incisions of the trunk and big branches should be sealed with wax or bound with plastic film to prevent a large amount of water evaporation in the tree.

In November, plum piles, wax plums, camellias, camellias, camellias

In November, potted hyacinths, tulips and daffodils should be transferred to the greenhouse to promote them to blossom around the Spring Festival.

1. Water it. For most of the ornamental flowers (including bonsai) placed in the greenhouse, greenhouse or room, the amount of watering in November should be based on keeping the basin soil moist and should not be too wet. if the temperature is too low and the plants are watered too much, the roots are easy to die. If the indoor temperature is high, the amount of water should be increased appropriately, and the necessary foliar spray should be given.

For those species of potted flowers that bloom before and after the Spring Festival, such as camellia, tea plum, rhododendron, plum blossom, wax plum, melon and leaf chrysanthemum, as well as fruit ornamental plants such as dai dai, bergamot, lemon, firethorn, bamboo, winter coral, rich seeds, etc., not only to keep the potted soil moist, but also to spray water frequently to the plant, so as to facilitate the expansion and growth of the plant flower buds, and also make the fruit appear more colorful.

For foliage plants shelved in greenhouses, greenhouses and rooms, we should not only keep the basin soil moist, but also spray water on the leaves regularly to keep them green and clean all the time. In the greenhouse and living room with higher temperature, the amount of water can be increased. For less hardy foliage plants, such as taro, bamboo taro, pink daiye, green emperor, variable leaf wood, silver queen, etc., the amount of water should be controlled to help them survive the winter safely.

[page] the suitable watering time for potted flowers in November is from 10 am to 11:00, and the water temperature should be basically consistent with the soil temperature, so as to avoid adverse reactions caused by low water temperature, which will affect their safety in overwintering.

two。 Fertilize. For potted flowers shelved in the room above 15 ℃, such as rhododendron, camellia, camellia, plum blossom, wax plum, golden bract, shrimp flower, Rui Xiang, melon and leaf chrysanthemum, cyclamen, tapestry begonia, hyacinth, gentleman orchid, tulip, ornamental pineapple, crab claw orchid, colorful pineapple, etc., they can continue to apply low concentrations of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution can promote their growth and flowering.

For most of the potted plants, foliage plants and bonsai placed in the general greenhouse, topdressing should be stopped to facilitate its normal dormancy and overwintering. Most of the flowers and trees planted on the ground, such as begonia, Magnolia, Michelia, Gardenia, seven-leaf tree, camphor, Spiraea, sweet-scented osmanthus, grape, rose, wax plum, plum blossom, cherry blossom, trouble-free, acacia, palm, red maple, peony, golden bell, peony, hypericum, etc., can be buried with biscuit fertilizer The dosage of each plant is 0.5 kg to 1.5 kg, and the smaller plants can be less, laying a good material foundation for the growth and flowering of next year.

3. Trim. Continue to trim hedges, green walls and ball shapes that have not been trimmed, and base fertilizer can be applied after pruning.

Carry out omni-directional shaping and pruning of bonsai plant species dominated by scissors, such as hammer elm, Fujian tea, Finch, maple, oak, white wax, fire thorn, June snow, cypress, Luohan pine, wintersweet, begonia, etc., to lay a good skeleton for next year's growth.

Pruning the ground or potted rose that has not yet been pruned, except for retaining 3 to 5 1-to 2-year-old sturdy stems with a base of 30 cm to 50 cm, the rest of the old stem is amputated from its base, and all the thin branches are cut off. The current year's branches on the untrimmed crape myrtle were shrunk intensively, except for retaining 20 cm to 30 cm at the base of several thick branches, and all the other branches were cut off, so as to draw more sturdy shoots in the coming year and lay a good foundation for its more flowering.

Common flowers and trees on the flower bed, along the street, and in the courtyard, such as crape myrtle, hibiscus, sweet-scented osmanthus, camphor, Fatong, purple magnolia, Admiralty, plum blossom, wax plum, cherry blossom, camellia, acacia, firethorn, Haitong, begonia, etc., cut off all the irregular branches, thin branches, bore branches, disease and insect branches, and cut the long branches protruding the crown properly. In addition, the thick palm trees can be peeled off in November to do a good job in trunk cleaning, so that it shows its due ornamental effect.

4. Keep out the cold. Potted flowers and trees that are not too afraid of cold, such as Camellia, Camellia, rhododendron, Cymbidium, Cymbidium, Phyllostachys pubescens, Sequoia, Jasmine, Magnolia, Magnolia, Dai Dai, bergamot, lemon, kumquat, cinnabar root, goose palm wood, tortoise back bamboo, spring feather, fish tail sunflower, rubber tree, wealth tree, Canadian jujube, palm bamboo, etc., can be put in a plastic greenhouse, as long as the room temperature is not less than 5 ℃.

For non-cold-resistant potted flower species, such as bamboo taro, pink daiye, synthetic taro, deep feather split vine green velvet, Milan, variable leaf wood, golden vein jade bed, golden bract, Brazilian iron, red (green) gemstone, hulk, green emperor, silver queen, egg flower, rich bamboo, Phalaenopsis orchid, Cartland, magnolia, etc., should be kept indoors at room temperature not less than 10 ℃, or you can use a double-layer plastic greenhouse to protect the winter.

For those more hardy bonsai or potted plants, such as wax plum, plum blossom, begonia, Yingshanhong, pomegranate, hammer elm, crape myrtle, melon seed yellow poplar, Finch, Luo Hansong, five-needle pine, green cypress, round cypress, triangular maple, red maple, etc., can be directly buried in the leeward and sunny soil together with the flowerpot, under the condition of not less than-10 ℃, generally will not occur frost injury. In case of particularly cold weather, it can be covered with film soft grass to prevent cold.

For potted flowers or bonsai placed in greenhouses, greenhouses or bedrooms in November, in addition to ensuring certain temperature conditions, we should also do a good job of ventilation, which can be ventilated around noon to prevent plants from falling flowers, fruits and leaves due to being stuffed indoors for a long time; in addition, there should be no gas and other toxic gases indoors, otherwise it is also easy to cause fallen leaves and fruits. When ventilating, you should also be careful not to let the plant be directly attacked by the cold wind.

5. Pest control. For the flowers and trees which are prone to leaf diseases, such as grape, begonia, rose, rose, camellia, chrysanthemum and so on, collecting and burning the fallen leaves under their plants can significantly reduce the occurrence of diseases in the coming year.

Continue to whiten the trunk of the street; dry and split-dry stump bonsai can be coated with stone-sulfur mixture to prevent the deep decay of the stump xylem.

Whitefly and scale insects on potted flowers and trees placed in greenhouses or greenhouses (dai dai, bergamot, cycad, orchid, camellia, gentleman orchid, orchid) are all likely to be wiped off with a wet cloth and sprayed with pesticides such as quick culling.

For aphids on potted plants put indoors (which may occur in Magnolia, Milan, daidai and rose), tobacco water can be sprayed to control them.

For the rhododendron placed in the greenhouse, it is necessary to stop spraying Yemianbao fertilizer, otherwise coal pollution will occur easily due to poor indoor ventilation and high air humidity.

The main types of bonsai plants suitable for modeling in November are: Luo Hansong, Cuibai, round cypress, velvet cypress, Yanbai, weeping spear, June snow, plum blossom, wax petal flower, oak, Chinese wolfberry, holly, melon seed, yellow poplar, pearl yellow poplar, hammer elm, vertical silk begonia and so on.

For the bonsai pile head which has been suspended with brown rope for 1 to 2 years, when it is found that there are deep constrictions on the stem and branch, the old brown rope can be disassembled in November and the hanging adjustment of the dry branch can be carried out again.

After preliminary root cutting, stem cutting and branch cutting, new tree stumps such as hammer elm, sparrow plum, triangular plum, bayberry, pyracantha and Elaeagnus angustifolia were planted in sandy soil by the method of shallow burial and high culture, and then modeled after branch in the coming year.

After 1 to 2 years of maintenance and modeling, the stumps that have been basically formed can be replanted in November according to the modeling characteristics of stump trunks, roots and branches, equipped with fist stones and covered with moss for indoor display before and after the Spring Festival.

Tall plum piles, Luo Hansong, green peaches, crape myrtle, cypress, tapestry, etc., can be planted in pots in November to strengthen water management and can be used for display in squares, parks and auditoriums in the coming spring.

Flower planting Handbook (December)

Weather characteristics in December: winter has entered in most parts of our country this month, and the weather is getting colder. The snowfall in China has increased from north to south, the temperature in Jianghuai and Jiangnan has dropped to below zero one after another, and the frost is frequent. The maintenance of flowers and trees this month should pay attention to three aspects: first, to do a good job in the heat preservation and anti-freezing of flowers and trees in greenhouses, greenhouses and rooms, and second, to do a good job in pruning and cleaning flowers and trees in the open field and fertilizing the fields. The third is to do a good job in the preparation of compost organic fertilizer and preparation of cultivated soil.

I. Flower reproduction

1. Sow seeds. The flower species that can be sown in the greenhouse in December are: big rock tree, asparagus, gentleman orchid, bulbous begonia, cyclamen, winter coral, African chrysanthemum and so on; the flowers and trees that can be sown outdoors or sand hide are: rose (such as Elizabeth), celadon, rich seeds, holly, fire thorns, palms, privet, camphor, lobular privet, disease-free son, heather, wood heather and so on.

two。 Cuttings. The woody ornamental flowers and trees that can be cut in the open field in December are plum blossom (mainly palace powder, green calyx, etc.), rose (mainly Elizabeth, abundant rose, miniature rose, etc.). Red leaf plum, wax plum (with heel cutting), Spiraea, yellow poplar and so on. Among them, yellow soil should be used for cutting plum blossom and red leaf plum, mixed substrate of rice chaff ash and fine sand 2 ∶ 1 should be used for rose cutting, and general sandy soil should be used for other kinds of cutting, which can be covered with plastic film to keep heat and moisture.

In the greenhouse, African violets can be propagated in leaves; combined with pruning, mulberry, geranium, lotus, epiphyllum, gemstone, stone lotus, purslane, rooting, longevity flowers, golden bracts, shrimp flowers, four seasons begonia, bamboo begonia, Rieger begonia, pearl orchid, jasmine, Longtuzhu, five-colored plum, goose palm wood, Ruixiang, green apple, Zhu Jiao and so on. Using cold room seedbed, gardenia, Jinxin (Phnom Penh) boxwood, ten meritorious services, hypericum, Admiralty, Yingchun, Luohansong, Luohanbai, June snow, firethorn, silver bud willow, three branches and so on can be propagated by cutting. In addition, branches such as Lingxiao, cloves and grapes can be cut for sand storage and cut again next spring.

3. Grafting. Fine varieties of plum blossom, such as bone red and cinnabar, can use the seedlings of apricot, fruit plum and peach sown in the same year in December to dig up the rootstocks and then split or cut them, then plant them on the seedling bed according to a certain row spacing, bury the soil above the grafting site, or even cover most of the grafted ear, pay attention not to infiltrate into the joint when watering, cover the plastic film to keep warm and wet, and then remove the covered plastic film after the scion sprouts in spring. Use the excavated wild rose plant to bud the rose of the superior variety, or use the robust branch segment of the Elizabeth rose variety (10 to 12 cm long) to cut or split the scion of the superior variety at the top, and then sow the grafted Elizabeth ear segment into a loose seedbed. The grafting part can be buried in the sandy soil, do not infiltrate into the interface when watering, cover the plastic film to keep moisture and heat preservation, remove the covered plastic film after the scion sprouts in the next spring, and then cut the binding belt of the joint with a blade after it is completely alive. In addition, it can also be bagged indoors to moisturize the abdomen and connect the red maple.

4. Press the strip. The feasible species of flowers and trees for strip propagation in December are: Luohansong, plum blossoms, camellias, sweet-scented osmanthus, Michelia, pedicel begonia, purple magnolia, snowballs, brocade flowers, gardenia, Yingchun, Admiralty, eight immortal flowers, hemp leaf hydrangea, Qionghua, snow spray, pomegranate and so on.

5. Ramet. The herbaceous flower species that can be propagated in December are: onion orchid, Ophiopogon japonicus, auspicious grass, hairpin, purple calyx, safflower grass, one-leaf orchid, Jian orchid, spring orchid, cymbidium, kidney fern, shoot stem, iris, big leaf Ophiopogon japonicus, along the steps, evergreen, rooting, Guangdong evergreen. The offspring at the base of the ramet cut from the large colored leaf pineapple must be small plants that have grown on the mother plant for three or four months, otherwise the color bands of the cut offspring are easy to disappear, which should be paid special attention.

The species of woody ornamental plants that can be propagated in December are: Phyllostachys pubescens, Hypericum, Ten Gonglao, Begonia, Brown Bamboo, Safflower Spiraea, Golden Finch, Golden Bell, Yingchun, Jasmine, Jasmine, Magnolia, Gardenia, sisal, Phoenix tail Bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens and so on.

1. Gather seeds. The grass flower seeds that can be harvested in December are generally the species of grass flowers transferred in the greenhouse or cold room, such as a string of red, thousand-day red, marigold, malachite, cyclamen, gentleman orchid and so on. The seeds of Cymbidium should be sown as they are picked.

The main woody ornamental plants that can collect seeds in December are: rose, wisteria, privet, lobular privet, pyracantha, rich seeds, holly, camphor, and heather. After treatment, these seeds are basically required to sprout in sand and can not be sown until the seeds are white in the coming year. Under dry storage, it is easy to lose vitality, resulting in the failure of sowing and breeding in the coming year.

two。 Transplanting and planting. The herbaceous flowers that can be planted in flower beds and flower beds in December are: carnation, kale, pansy, goldfish grass, calendula, daisies and so on. Some grass flowers can also be put in the greenhouse after potting, such as daisies, calendula, goldfish grass, kale, carnation, pansy and so on, which can be used for street display next spring.

In December, most deciduous greening trees and shrubs can be transplant, such as hibiscus, pomegranate, bauhinia, begonia, wax plum, plum blossom, white magnolia, purple magnolia, disease-free son, Luan tree, acacia tree, seven-leaf tree, red leaf plum, cherry blossom, papaya, two Arbor magnolia, crape myrtle, wisteria, Lingxiao, Linden, Liriodendron, red maple, blue peach, Robinia pseudoacacia, etc. On the other hand, the transplanting of evergreen trees and shrubs should be more cautious. the evergreen species that can be transplanted in winter are: privet, sweet-scented osmanthus, palm, Magnolia, camphor, rhododendron, holly and so on. When transplanting, we should first cut the strength of the main shoots and branches and delete most of the leaves. At the same time, we also need to bring large soil balls, the trunk is bound with grass rope to cover the plastic film, the trunk and big branches are cut to seal wax or film, so as to reduce water transpiration. After transplanting, we should often spray water on the leaves and tree trunks in order to ensure their normal survival.

The stumps and flowers that can be put on the pot in December are: plum blossom, wax plum pile, camellia, tea plum, pedicel begonia, vertical silk begonia. It is expected to blossom during the Spring Festival by putting it in the greenhouse and promoting the flowering treatment.

In December, potted hyacinths, tulips and daffodils continue to be put in the shed to promote flowering, which can promote their flowering before and after the Spring Festival.

1. Keep out the cold. In a simple plastic greenhouse with a temperature of no less than 0 ℃, the following ornamental plants can be placed without freezing damage, such as Penglai pine, Tianmeng, one-leaf orchid, star anise plate, coral of golden peach leaves, sunflower, kidney fern, palm bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens, Michelia, rich seeds, fire thorns, camellias, spring orchids, cymbidium, Phoenix tail bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens, cycads, etc.

Ornamental plant species with an overwintering temperature of not less than 5 ℃, such as southern fir, goose palm wood, rubber tree, jasmine, brandy, pearl orchid, pocket coconut, calla lily, spring feather, tortoise back bamboo, Jianlan, Mulan, Belgian rhododendron, triangular flower, cyclamen, primrose, five-colored plum, kumquat, daidai, lemon, loose-tailed anemone, geranium, mulberry, Buddha belly bamboo, etc., can overwinter in a double-layer plastic greenhouse. For the species requiring a winter temperature of not less than 10 ℃, such as variable leaf wood, taro, pepper grass, bamboo taro, rich bamboo, fishtail sunflower, Brazilian iron, rich tree, reticulate grass, pineapple, pink leaf, poinsettia, Cymbidium, Longtuzhu, golden bract, Milan, Phalaenopsis, Cartland, Magnolia, South American iron tree, red (green) gemstone, Oncidium, tiger orchid, etc., in a double-layer greenhouse with good sealing performance. It is also necessary to heat it up properly. in the particularly cold period, from 4: 00 p.m. to 9: 00 the next day, put a grass curtain on the roof of the greenhouse, and then remove it until the temperature gets warmer.

For those more hardy potted and bonsai plant species, such as wax plum, plum blossom, begonia, Yingshanhong, pomegranate, hammer elm, sparrow plum, oak, crape myrtle, wisteria, yellow poplar, Luohansong, triangular maple, Cuibai, garden cypress, red cypress, bayberry, Chinese wolfberry, white wax, etc., generally will not be frozen when not less than-10 ℃; in particularly cold weather, cover with plastic film or soft grass to prevent cold.

[page] whether the bonsai, potted flowers, foliage and fruit plants are placed in the greenhouse, greenhouse or in the living room, in addition to maintaining the appropriate indoor temperature, we should also pay attention to ventilation. The doors and windows can be opened around noon with the highest temperature of the day to prevent the occurrence of fallen leaves, flowers and fruits. In the ventilation, we must also pay attention not to let the cold air directly attack the plant, so as to avoid adverse reactions.

two。 Water it. For most of the potted flowers and bonsai placed in the greenhouse, greenhouse and bedroom, the degree is to keep the basin soil moist. If the temperature is too low and watered too much, it is easy to cause rotting roots. When the temperature rises, the amount of water can be increased and proper foliar spray can be given.

For those potted flowers that blossom before and after the Spring Festival, such as camellia, tea plum, Belgian rhododendron, plum blossom, wax plum, melon chrysanthemum, primrose, longevity flower, hyacinth, European daffodil, etc., ornamental fruits such as daidai, lemon, bergamot, tangerine, golden bean, winter coral, rich seeds, Phyllostachys pubescens, etc., should not only keep the potted soil moist, but also spray the leaves to facilitate the expansion of flower buds. It can also increase the freshness of flowers and fruits.

For most foliage plants in the shelving room, we should not only keep the basin soil moist, but also spray water on the foliage surface, and always keep the foliage surface clean; for those foliage plant species that are not very cold-resistant, such as Fendai leaf, fruit taro, bamboo taro, leaf-changing wood, silver queen, etc., when the room temperature is close to the minimum temperature they can bear, special attention should be paid to controlling the amount of water to ensure that they can survive the winter safely.

The watering time in December should be 3 to 4 hours before and after noon, and the water temperature should be basically consistent with the air temperature and soil temperature, so as to avoid adverse reactions caused by low water temperature.

Newly transplanted flowers and trees outdoors should be checked frequently and replenished in time; for transplanted evergreen trees, foliar spray can be given around noon to prevent leaves from drying and falling off.

3. Fertilize. For most of the potted flowers and trees, foliage plants and bonsai placed in the general greenhouse, fertilizer should be stopped, otherwise it is easy to cause the plant to rot and die.

Most of the green trees and flowers planted on the ground Such as Begonia, Magnolia, Magnolia, Magnol Cryptomeria fortunei, cedar, cypress, Robinia pseudoacacia, elm leaf plum, Yu Li, white silk plum, heather, bauhinia, hibiscus, etc. While ploughing the garden field in December, fertilizers such as cake fertilizer, pig and cow manure, pond mud and septic tank residue can be applied to the periphery of the plant root system, so as to lay a good material foundation for next year's growth and flowering.

For potted flower species placed in the room from 10 ℃ to 15 ℃, such as camellia, tea plum, rhododendron, plum blossom, wax plum, golden bract, shrimp flower, pineapple, Ruixiang, melon leaf chrysanthemum, primrose, cyclamen, pedicel begonia, hyacinth, gentleman orchid, tulip, freesia, etc., 1.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be applied to promote the pregnant bud and flowering of the plant.

4. Trim. The hedgerows, green walls and ball shapes that have not been pruned in November are trimmed, such as privet, lobular privet, Fa Qing, big leaf boxwood, Shu juniper, four seasons cinnamon, spinulosa heather, etc.; balls such as gooseberry, bayberry, heather, yellow poplar, Haitong, Admiralty, pyracantha, dragon cypress, juniper, etc., can be fertilized while completing pruning.

The ground-planted flowers and trees that have not been pruned in November, such as rose, crape myrtle, palm, red leaf plum, heather, Fatong, plum blossom, wax plum and so on, can be pruned and fertilized around the root system after pruning.

For bonsai plant species dominated by shearing, such as hammer elm, sparrow plum, medlar bone, Fujian tea, maple, oak, white wax, fire thorn, June snow, Luohansong, cypress, cypress, begonia, papaya, etc., continue to prune in December to lay a good skeleton for next year's growth; plants that have not changed pots for many years can be combined with pruning to change pots.

5. Pest control. For flowers and trees that are prone to diseases and insect pests in the leaves of grape, begonia, rose, rose, camellia, crape myrtle, etc., the litter under their plants will be collected and burned, which can reduce the occurrence of diseases next year. At the same time, spray stone sulfur mixture for sterilization and disinfection.

For powdery mildew of potted melon-leaf chrysanthemum and Botrytis cinerea of primroses, the former was controlled by triadimefon or thiophanate-methyl in time, and the latter was controlled by thiophanate-methyl.

For the species of scale insects that are easy to appear in flowers and trees in the greenhouse, such as hadai, bergamot, cycad, camellia, orchid, etc., you can first wipe them with a dishcloth, and then use pesticides such as quick culling.

When there is poor ventilation, aphids often appear on potted plants, such as Magnolia, Milan, daidai, rose, Fujian tea, etc., can be controlled by tobacco water.

On the trunk and big branches of flowers and trees such as Haitong, sweet-scented osmanthus, Fatong, camellia, lobular privet, pyracantha, oleander, begonia, Magnolia, bauhinia, gardenia, cedar, heather, crape myrtle, wax plum, etc., there are many kinds of scale insects that often appear on the trunk and big branches of flowers and trees, such as horned wax scale, Japanese tortoise wax scale, red wax scale, shield scale, sagittal scale, pink scale, velvet scale, etc., at this time, spray and kill with high concentration of pesticides such as quinathulfan, quinathulene, buprofezin and other pesticides. Drug damage is rarely caused.

6. Compost. In order to meet the needs of raising seedlings and preparing culture soil next year, rapeseed cake, bean cake and tea seed cake can be poured into water tank and pool for sealed soaking fermentation.

Dry withered grass, fallen leaves, shrubs, branches, etc., are piled up in layers with the garden soil, ignited and burned to form burning soil, which is a good covering soil for sowing and raising seedlings next year.

Compost, pond mud, chicken droppings and pigeon manure were mixed with garden soil and sealed fermentation, which can be used for topdressing seedlings and preparing culture soil in the coming year.

7. Prepare culture soil. Make use of your winter free time to find an open space or pile up as much culture soil as possible in the shade of trees in case you need to change pots and plant flowers next spring. Generally, there are 4 parts of garden soil, 2 parts of rotten leaf soil (or 2 parts of alpine humus soil), 1 part of fine sand, 1 part of piled sawdust, tobacco dust or bran ash, plus about 5% retted cake fertilizer and 2% to 3% compound fertilizer. Among them, garden soil and rotten leaf soil should be screened, gravel, tree roots and other sundries should be sifted, fully mixed, covered with plastic film, and can also be stacked indoors after 3 to 4 months. It can be used for changing pots or potting grass flowers.

8. Turn over the ground and freeze. For the garden used for sowing, cutting and planting seedlings next year, ploughing can be carried out in December; the garden for sowing and planting seedlings can be applied cake fertilizer, barnyard manure, pond mud and so on before replanting; temporarily do not make a bed, after freezing over the winter, to make a bed in the early spring of next year, it can greatly reduce the cost of seedling management, but also reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

The ornamental plants suitable for bonsai modeling in December are: Luohan pine, Luohanbai, garden cypress, cypress, velvet cypress, Platycladus orientalis, Sabina vulgaris, black pine, five-needle pine, red pine, bayberry, wolfbone, holly, weeping spear, ginkgo, June snow, broom elm, finch, triangular maple, wax petal flower, Tamarix, pedicel begonia, weeping silk begonia, papaya begonia, melon seed yellow poplar, pearl yellow poplar, wisteria, purple myrtle, banyan, banyan, Fujian tea, white wax, oak and so on.

For bonsai plants fixed with brown wire (rope) or wire, if it has been fixed for one year, or obvious constriction marks are found on the stem or branch, the original ligature should be removed and the wire or brown rope should be used for hanging traction.

For plum piles, Luohansong, begonia, ginkgo, cypress, crape myrtle, etc., after some necessary pruning and plastic surgery, choose a good pot for planting and strengthen management, so that they can be used in public places or rooms for display in the coming year.

In winter, we must carefully manage some shallow landscape bonsai and tree stump bonsai: first, to prevent the roots of plants from frostbite in the basin soil; second, to prevent the disintegration of artificial cemented rocks caused by freezing; and third, to prevent plants planted on rockery from freezing or drying to death. It can be placed in an ice-free place and watered regularly so that it can survive the winter safely.

Flower planting Handbook (January)

The weather characteristics of January: this month is the lowest and coldest month of the year. On January 5, Lesser Cold, just before and after the "39 th Day", most parts of China entered a period of severe cold. On January 20, Greater Cold, the cold air in the north frequently went south, the frost was heavy and the snow was thick, resulting in the lowest temperature of the year. This month's flower conservation, the most important thing is to do a good job in greenhouse, greenhouse and indoor cold-fearing flowers, bonsai, etc., followed by tree pruning, litter cleaning and land preparation, and other auxiliary work.

I. Flower reproduction

1. Sow seeds. The kinds of flowers that can be sown in the greenhouse in January are: big rock tree, asparagus, gentleman orchid, bulb begonia, cyclamen, winter coral, African chrysanthemum and so on. The ornamental plants that can be sown in the open field are: rose (Elizabeth), Phyllostachys pubescens, Fugui seed, holly, fiery thorn, palm, heather, heather, disease-free son, privet, wisteria, Sapium sebiferum, Luan tree and so on.

two。 Cuttings. The ornamental plant species suitable for cutting propagation in the open field or covered with plastic film in January are plum blossom (green calyx, palace powder, etc.), red leaf plum, rose (Elizabeth, abundant flower, miniature, etc.), cherry blossom, wax plum (with heel), Spiraea, yellow poplar, pomegranate, silver bud willow, ten gong, Luo Han pine, June snow, three branches, golden peach, golden bell, spray snow, welcome spring, Jasminum and so on. The species that can be propagated by cutting in greenhouse are: Jasmine, pearl orchid, geranium, inverted Admiralty, African violet (leaf cutting), Belgian rhododendron, triangular flower, carnation, umbrella grass, gemstone flower, jade leaf, jade tree, carnation, epiphyllum, arrow lotus, cold water flower, mirror grass, shrimp grass, golden bract, ground rooting, Rieger begonia, dragon spit bead, goose palm wood, rubber tree, Ruixiang, red back cinnamon, Guangdong evergreen, Guangdong evergreen, goose palm wood. Green Luo, Zhu Jiao, etc. In addition, you can also cut cloves, Lingxiao, Tamarix, grapes, sea immortal flowers, Shu Shu, eight immortal flowers, Platycladus mollissima, figs and other branches for sand storage, waiting for cutting in March.

3. Grafting. For excellent varieties of plum blossom, one-year-old seedlings of apricot, fruit plum, mountain peach and hairy peach can be used as rootstocks for grafting and propagation, then buried on the seedling bed and covered with plastic film to keep moisture and prevent cold. In Guangdong area, between Lesser Cold and Greater Cold, budding propagates four seasons tangerine, kumquat and so on; using excavated wild rose bud to graft superior varieties of rose, using rose variety Elizabeth as rootstock, cutting or splitting superior varieties of rose, grafting and cutting are carried out at the same time, covering plastic film to keep moisture and prevent cold.

4. Press the strip. The ornamental plant species that can be propagated by pressing in January are: purple magnolia, camellia, plum blossom, brocade belt flower, gardenia, stick stem begonia, Luohansong, snowball, Qionghua, Yingchun, Admiralty, eight immortal flowers, hemp leaf hydrangea, spray snow, pomegranate, red maple and so on.

5. Ramet. The species of herbaceous ornamental plants that can be propagated in January are: Ophiopogon japonicus, auspicious grass, onion orchid, leek orchid, hairpin, purple calyx, purple back evergreen, Jianlan, Chunlan, Cymbidium, kidney fern, shoot stem, iris, hanging orchid, evergreen, Guangdong evergreen, ground rooting, pineapple, small Taran, gorgeous ginger, tortoise back bamboo, aloe and so on. The species of woody ornamental plants that can be propagated in January are: Nantianzhu, Hypericum, Ten Gonglao, Begonia, Palm Bamboo, Snow spray, Safflower Spiraea, Golden Finch, Golden Bell, Yingchun, Jasmine, Pearl Orchid, Tiger thorn, Gardenia, three branches, Yellow Poplar, Magnolia and so on.

6. Gather seeds. In January, if there are mature asparagus and magnolia seeds in the greenhouse, they can be picked and sown, mature winter coral seeds, and can also be sown indoors at this time. The seeds of Phyllostachys pubescens, Firethorn, holly and rich seeds can be picked in January, and the seeds can be sown after the seeds are exposed to white.

In January, the seeds stored in sand should be checked frequently, including magnolia, Michelia, heather, holly, etc., to see if there is mildew in the seeds. If mildew occurs, the seeds must be poured out and re-scrubbed, and clean fine sand must be replaced for storage; if the seeds are found to be dry, spray water should be given in time. If it is found that the seed has been white or the radicle has stretched out, it must be sowed immediately and covered with plastic film or rice straw, pine needles and other heat preservation and moisturizing.

two。 Transplanting and planting

In January, grass flowers that can be transplanted and planted in less cold areas are: carnation, kale, calendula, daisies, etc.; in relatively cold areas, after sowing seedlings such as carnation, kale, goldfish grass, pansy and primroses, they can be placed in a simple plastic greenhouse and used as a display of street flower beds, green spaces and flower borders when the air is warmed up in spring.

In January, most deciduous shrubs and green trees can be transplanted and planted Such as hibiscus, pomegranate, bauhinia, begonia, ginkgo, maple, maple, wax plum, plum blossom, white magnolia, red leaf plum, cherry blossom, papaya, two Qiao magnolia, crape myrtle, wisteria, Lingxiao, Linden, Liriodendron, green peach, Chinese tallow, red Spiraea, three branches, rose, Robinia pseudoacacia, dragon claw locust and so on. Evergreen tree species, especially Cinnamomum camphora and Fa Qing, should be transplanted in advance to December or postponed to February this month except for special circumstances. Of course, in places of shelter, intensity shearing is carried out after transplanting, and cold protection and watering management are strengthened after transplanting.

In January, despite the cold weather, the collection of wild tree stumps in the south of the Yangtze River did not affect the collection of wild tree stumps in the process of afforestation and land preparation, mainly deciduous tree stumps, such as Ulmus pumila, Sparrow Plum, triangular Maple, Yingshanhong, crape myrtle, Acer sinensis, wisteria, Wintersweet, Wild Plum, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Weisheng Spear, etc. For evergreen stumps, such as Phyllostachys pubescens, Maoer thorn, medlar, holly, oak, etc., strength shearing must be done and most of the leaves must be deleted. Both deciduous stumps and evergreen stumps should be cultivated by shallow burying and high cultivation, and covered with grass curtain to prevent freezing.

three。 Guard against cold

This month's cold prevention and heat preservation work is the top priority in the management work, a little negligence will bring serious losses to bonsai and bonsai overwintering. According to the lower limit of the lowest temperature that can be tolerated by different flower species, a special environment for them to survive the winter should be created, either in a greenhouse, in a greenhouse, at home, or buried in open soil. In a simple plastic greenhouse of no less than 0 ℃, ornamental plant species that can withstand a low temperature of about 0 ℃ can be placed, such as Penglai pine, Tianmeng, one-leaf orchid, star anise, sunflower, kidney fern, brown bamboo, southern bamboo, peach leaf coral, Michelia, Chunlan, magnolia, rich seeds, Daphne, cycad, calamus, Phoenix tail bamboo, phenanthrene bamboo, white bamboo and so on. In a double-layer plastic greenhouse of not less than 5 ℃, you can put ornamental plant species that can withstand a low temperature of about 5 ℃, such as southern fir, rubber tree, jasmine, pearl orchid, magnolia, pocket coconut, bottle orchid, calla lily, spring feather, tortoise back bamboo, kumquat, daidai, lemon, sunflower, camellia, tea plum, Jianlan, orchid, epiphyllum, Ling Arrow lotus, big Buddha belly bamboo, Belgian rhododendron, triangular plum, five-colored plum and so on. Flower species that can withstand low temperatures of about 10 ℃ can be placed in double-layer plastic greenhouses or greenhouses with auxiliary heating equipment. Such as variable leaf wood, flower leaf taro, taro, pineapple, pepper grass, colored leaf grass, rich bamboo, fish tail sunflower, Brazilian iron, wealth tree, reticulate grass, red (green) gemstone, hulk, green emperor, silver queen, Milan, Cymbidium, Phalaenopsis, Cartland, Oncidium, Magnolia, gold tree, South American iron tree, desert rose, pink, poinsettia, golden bract, coral flower, etc., during the very cold period. From 4: 00 p.m. to 9: 00 p.m., it is appropriate to cover the grass curtain on the roof of the greenhouse, and the grass curtain can not be stopped until the temperature turns warm. In very cold days, it is necessary to strengthen the inspection of heating facilities and personnel on duty, especially from 5 o'clock to 6 o'clock in the morning, do not cut off the fire and power, otherwise it is easy to cause freezing damage to the plants. For those more hardy species of potted flowers and bonsai, such as Chimonanthus praecox, plum blossom, begonia, Yingshanhong, pomegranate, elm, sparrow, oak, crape myrtle, wisteria, yellow poplar, Luohansong, triangular maple, cypress, round cypress, summer cypress, Platycladus orientalis, small bayberry, Chinese wolfberry, holly, opposite section white wax, etc., can be buried together with flowerpots, when not less than-10 ℃, generally will not occur frost injury In particularly cold weather, cover with plastic film or soft grass to keep warm.

It is worth noting that whether it is placed in a greenhouse, in a greenhouse, or at home for potted flowers or bonsai, including ornamental fruits and foliage plants, in addition to maintaining the appropriate temperature, we should also do a good job of ventilation and ventilation. Doors and windows can be opened around noon when the temperature is highest in the day to prevent falling flowers, leaves and fruits. When giving ventilation, we must also try our best to avoid cold air blowing directly on the plant.

In January, special attention should be paid to the inspection of greenhouses and greenhouses in the process of air-conditioning going south, and glass breakage and film tearing were found, and leakage plugging should be carried out in time to avoid freezing the potted flowers. In the greenhouse to provide coal, gas, oil heating, should also be carefully checked, there should be no air leakage, smoke leakage into the greenhouse or greenhouse, in order to prevent falling flowers, leaves and fruits caused by smoke damage.

In order to promote peony blossom during the Spring Festival, potted peony can be placed in a greenhouse, heated to 18 ℃ to 25 ℃ during the day, and kept at about 10 ℃ at night, adding 4 to 5 hours of light every day (incandescent light). It is expected to blossom before and after the Spring Festival. Potted plum blossoms, wax plums, camellias, camellias, camelli Potted hyacinths, tulips, daffodils and freesia, which have been placed in the greenhouse in December, will strengthen the management of water and fertilizer and are expected to be used for decoration and display during the Spring Festival. [page]

four。 Watering

In the watering management of potted flowers in January, the most important thing is to pay attention to the temperature of watering and spraying water, that is, to keep the water temperature roughly consistent with the soil temperature. if the gap between them is too large, it is easy to cause adverse reactions of potted plants. even make the plant deciduous, rotten root or death. Watering time is best arranged for 2 to 3 hours before and after noon. Secondly, according to different plant species, determine the number, times and methods of watering. For most of the potted flowers and bonsai placed in the greenhouse, greenhouse and bedroom, it is appropriate to keep the potted soil moist, and those with low temperature should reduce watering correspondingly. When the temperature rises, the amount of water can be increased and foliar spray can be given. For most foliage plants, we should not only keep the basin soil moist, but also pay attention to spraying water on the leaves, and always keep the leaves of the plants clean. For the species of foliage plants that are not very cold-resistant, such as Fendai leaves, taro, taro, variable leaf trees, etc., when the air temperature is close to the lowest temperature that the plant can bear, the amount of water should be specially controlled. For those species of potted flowers that will blossom before and after the Spring Festival, such as camellia, tea plum, Belgian rhododendron, poinsettia, melon and leaf chrysanthemum, wax plum, plum blossom, primrose, hyacinth, longevity flower, calendula, etc., and ornamental fruits such as firethorn, daidai, bergamot, lemon, rich seed, kumquat, golden bean, winter coral, not only to keep the potted soil moist, but also to spray water on the plant to facilitate the expansion of flower buds. It can also increase the bright color of the fruit.

Although potted flowers do not need much water in January, inspection should be strengthened to prevent water shortage of potted flowers placed in remote parts, and timely supplementary watering of dried plants in pot soil can reduce the death of overwintering plants.

For newly planted green trees and flowering shrubs, they should be checked frequently and watered in time, especially for those evergreen ornamental plants after transplanting, they should also be sprayed properly around noon to prevent the leaves from shrinking and falling off due to excessive air dryness.

five。 Fertilizer application

For most of the green trees and flowering shrubs planted on the ground Such as Begonia, Magnolia, maple, gardenia, seven-leaf tree, camphor, Linden, crape myrtle, Lingxiao, sweet-scented osmanthus, wax plum, plum, cherry, cherry-free, acacia, Luan, palm, Schima superba, runnan, purple tree, camptotheca, peony, golden bell, yellow poplar, grape, coral tree, rose, hydrangea, red leaf plum, Yu Li, elm leaf plum, horse Liriodendron wood, Shu Shu, Prunus mume, Muxiang, du Ying, Golden Salix, hanging Elm, Cryptomeria fortunei, Cryptomeria fortunei, Cedar, Robinia pseudoacacia, Robinia pseudoacacia, White Silk Plum, Hibiscus, clove, crape myrtle, Photinia, Phyllostachys pubescens, Pomegranate, Loquat, etc. If the fertilization task is not completed in December, cake fertilizer, barnyard manure, pond mud and septic tank cleaning materials can be buried on the periphery of the tree root system while the soil is turned over, so as to lay a good material foundation for the growth and flowering of spring.

Potted flowers placed in a greenhouse of about 10 ℃ to 15 ℃, such as Belgian rhododendron, shrimp flower, golden bract, Ruixiang, melon and leaf chrysanthemum, primrose, cyclamen, red mouth daffodil, tapered begonia, hyacinth, tulip, colorful pineapple, orchid, orchid, crab claw orchid, etc., can continue to apply low concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, in order to facilitate plant growth and bud blooming.

For most of the potted plants, foliage plants and bonsai put in the greenhouse, as the plants are dormant in winter, fertilizer should be stopped, otherwise it is easy to cause rotting roots of the plants to die.

six。 Pruning

Continue pruning hedges, green walls and balls that have not been pruned in December, and continue pruning flowers and shrubs that have not been pruned in December, such as rose, crape myrtle, wood incense, Lingxiao, wisteria, abundant rose, camphor, Fatong, Chinese tallow, heather, pomegranate, red leaf plum, papaya, wax plum, plum blossom, palm, grape, etc. After pruning, base fertilizer is applied to the periphery of the root system to meet the needs of its spring growth.

According to the original composition requirements, bonsai plant species dominated by shearing and supplemented by pruning, such as hammer elm, sparrow plum, triangular plum, Fujian tea, oak, white wax, bayberry, Elaeagnus angustifolia, pyracantha, June snow, juniper, etc., can continue to be adjusted and trimmed according to personal aesthetic taste to lay a good foundation for the growth and formation of spring. At the same time of pruning, plants that have not changed pots for many years can be changed.

seven。 Pest control

The trunk or big branches such as crabapple, plum blossom, elm leaf, papaya, loquat, blue peach, cherry blossom, red leaf plum, etc., can be sawed off by red-necked longicorn beetles, and the sawed stems and branches can be burned.

Cleaning up the leaves under the trees such as rose, rose, grape, crape myrtle and so on, and burning them centrally after collection can reduce the occurrence of leaf diseases in the coming year.

On the trunk and branches of Haitong, Fatong, privet, firethorn, persimmon, gardenia, plum blossom, red wax scale, cotton blowing scale, shield scale, sagittal scale, pink scale, line scale, etc., spraying and killing with high concentration of quick culling, quinathion, parathion, stone sulfur mixture can effectively inhibit the occurrence of scale insects in that year.

Powdery mildew on melon-leaf chrysanthemum in greenhouse and Botrytis cinerea on primrose leaves can be controlled with thiophanate-methyl to prevent it from spreading to other plants.

To carry out comprehensive control of scale insects and coal pollution on daidai, bergamot, kumquat and other plants in the greenhouse, first wipe off the coal spots on the leaves and the insects attached to the dry branches with a wet cloth, and then spray pesticides such as dimethoate.

Botrytis cinerea on cyclamen plants in the greenhouse can be sprayed 1000 to 1500 times with 50% prohydantoin (mainly composed of isocarbamide) wettable powder.

eight。 Compost fertilizer

Pour rapeseed cake, bean cake and tea seed cake into a pool or tank for soaking and fermentation, so as to provide pot flowers for pouring during the growing season; layer-by-layer accumulation of withered grass, branches, fallen leaves, etc., with garden soil, ignition and burning, self-made burning soil, which can be used as covering soil for sowing and breeding in spring; mixing barnyard manure, pond manure, smoke powder, chicken feces and pigeon dung with garden soil for composting and fermentation can be used as fertilizer for preparing culture soil.

nine。 Ploughing and freezing

The nursery land that has not been reclaimed in December can be ploughed in the first ten days of January. while ploughing the garden, cake fertilizer, compound fertilizer and soil fertilizer are applied, and after freezing over the winter, ditches are made to make beds in early spring for sowing and planting seedlings.

Because January is particularly cold, the plant species suitable for styling must be those with soft branches, good toughness, ginkgo, melon seeds, yellow poplar, velvet cypress, cypress in June, snow in June, cypress, cypress, five-needle pine, yellow pine, black pine, bayberry, canary, wax petal, weeping spear, banyan, wisteria and so on. After modeling, it is best to put it indoors or in a simple plastic greenhouse, and then move to the outside after the air is warm in spring, which is conducive to the healing of damaged parts.

For the plants shaped with brown rope or wire 1 or 2 years ago, if obvious constriction is found in the binding site, the original ligature should be removed and flat traction should be carried out again.

In January, the management of some shallow pot tree stump bonsai, shallow basin landscape bonsai and small, miniature bonsai should be strictly strengthened. Small and miniature bonsai should be buried on the indoor sand bed; tree stump bonsai should prevent the basin soil from freezing, injure the hairy roots of the plant, cause the disintegration of man-made cemented rocks, and prevent the plants planted on the pebbles from withering after being frozen, it is appropriate to put them in an ice-free place and water and spray them regularly to ensure that they can survive the winter safely.