How to raise loose-tailed sunflower, the breeding methods and matters needing attention / temperature control are very important.

As the efficacy and function of loose-tailed sunflower is very many, so it is often raised at home or in the office, so how can loose-tailed sunflower play its role? Today, the editor will share with you the breeding methods and points for attention of loose-tailed sunflower.

How to raise loose-tailed sunflower

Botanist research shows that sunflower, as a tropical plant, likes warm, humid and semi-shady environment, and its cold tolerance is very general; it likes fertile soil; it has low requirements for light; and it has general requirements for water and fertilizer. Is one of the plants that are easier to feed.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of loose-tailed sunflower

First, the growth environment of sunflower.

1. Temperature

The temperature needed for exuberant growth is 25-35 degrees, which is a plant with weak cold tolerance. The leaves may turn yellow when the temperature is lower than 20 degrees, and frost injury may occur at 5 degrees, so we must pay attention to the change of temperature during planting.

Note: the ambient temperature of loose-tailed sunflower should be kept above 10 degrees in winter, and its leaf surface should be kept clean. when the temperature begins to drop in late October, it can be moved back to a place with higher temperature for maintenance.

2. Lighting

Sunflower likes the semi-shady environment, it likes the environment with plenty of light, so it should be planted in a bright and strong light place, so as to avoid the dim light affecting its growth and even causing the leaves to turn yellow and dry.

Note: sunflower can survive in a dark environment for 4-6 weeks, but it grows very slowly in this environment, so try to avoid this situation. Only proper light can keep the leaves green.

3. Soil

Although the sudden requirement of sunflower is not high, the acidic soil is beneficial to its growth. In the north, sandy loam with high humus content can be selected, while in the south, rotten leaf soil, peat soil and river sand can be mixed. In addition, a small amount of base fertilizer can be mixed with it.

Note: because the growth of tillering buds is more on the rhizome, so when potted, the roots should be planted deeper so that the new buds can take root better. This is the breeding method and matters needing attention of sunflower, which is different from other plants.

2. Culture methods of loose-tailed sunflower

1. Watering

Pay attention to keep the soil moist, adjust the frequency and amount of watering according to climate change, for example, control watering at low temperature, overcast and rain, and water more when the climate is dry and hot, and spray water to plants in summer to maintain high humidity.

Note: due to the alkalinity of water in the north, black alum can often be used to adjust soil acidity after watering. In addition, no matter when watering, we need to pay attention to avoid stagnant water in the basin, otherwise there will be rotting roots.

2. Fertilization

The peak growth period of sunflower should provide enough fertilizer, generally apply fertilizer every 7-15 days from May to October, fertilizer is mainly liquid fertilizer or compound fertilizer, in addition, organic fertilizer can be added when potting, while fertilization can be reduced or stopped in autumn and winter.

Note: appropriate topdressing of nitrogen-containing organic fertilizer in summer, sesame sauce residue can be applied in winter, etc., after fertilization, attention should be paid to keeping the basin soil moist to avoid sudden dry formation and fertilizer can not be absorbed by ingredients.

3. Pruning

Loose-tailed sunflower is a kind of plant that grows rapidly, if its plant shape is not controlled, it can grow to 2-5 meters high, so in order to make it more beautiful, we should pay attention to pruning, which is a very important point in the breeding methods and matters needing attention.

Note: winter plants will be semi-dormant, when the withered, dense and high branches and leaves can be cut off, when spring comes to restore growth, it can be conducive to the rapid growth of new branches and leaves.

How to raise sunflower outdoors

If you keep loose-tailed sunflower outdoors, except for the above points, the key lies in the heat preservation in winter. You can cover the periphery of the plant with plastic bags to avoid frostbite due to low temperature. In addition, other places are almost the same as indoor.

Picture appreciation and introduction of common foliage plants

Rubber tree [alias] big leaf green, red Burmese tree, red mouth rubber tree, Indian banyan [family genus] Moraceae banyan genus [origin] China [morphological characteristics] evergreen trees. The height of the plant is 2m / m. Stem glabrous, with milk. The leaves are thick, leathery and long-stalked, and the leaves are oblong or oval [cultivation substrate]. It is advisable to choose sandy loam soil rich in humus [watering] to keep the soil in a dry or slightly tidal state. Summer is the stage when rubber trees need the most water, and can be watered more. Winter is the period when rubber trees need the least water, less water supply [fertilization] diammonium phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be used as topdressing [light] rubber trees like strong direct sunlight, but also resistant to shady environment. However, in the process of cultivation, it should be exposed to not less than 4 hours of direct sunlight every day. If there are conditions, it is best to ensure that the plant can accept all-day sunlight [ventilation] and keep the environment properly ventilated so that the rubber tree likes the high temperature environment, so it grows most rapidly in summer and autumn. The ambient temperature should be kept between 20 and 30 degrees. When the ambient temperature is lower than 10 degrees, the growth of the rubber tree is basically stagnant. The overwintering temperature should not be lower than 5 degrees [disease control] Rubber trees are prone to anthracnose, and its pathogen is Microsporum. The disease mainly occurs in the summer high temperature season, and the main affected part is the leaf. Its symptom is that there are round or oval gray spots on both sides of the leaf vein, and in severe cases, the disease spot is connected and extends to the whole leaf. The prevention and control methods are to avoid plant mechanical damage and reduce the chance of pathogen infecting plants; timely removal of diseased leaves to prevent spread; reasonable pruning to keep the tree naturally happy and transparent and ventilated.

Ampelopsis grossedentata is also known as Phyllostachys pubescens, mountain grass, Liliaceae, Tianmen winter genus. Origin and habits: asparagus originated from South Africa. Sexual preference is warm, moist and semi-overcast, not resistant to drought and frost. The soil is required to be rich in humus and well drained. Morphological characteristics: asparagus is a perennial herb, the stem is smooth and slender, showing a climbing shape. Leaves slender, horizontally spreading, leaves small, ca. 3 × 5 mm. True leaves degenerate into scales or thorns. Flowers small, bisexual, white. Berries globose, purplish black. The florescence is mostly from February to March or June to July, and some flowers bloom twice. Propagation techniques: asparagus is propagated by sowing and dividing plants. The sowing was carried out from March to April and the seeds were soaked for 24 hours before sowing. Sow in a 10 cm deep basin, cover with glass or plastic film, keep the temperature at 20: 25 ℃ and the basin soil moist, and germinate in 20: 30 days. The seedling height is 5cm to 10cm, which can be planted in greenhouse or upper basin. The 4-year-old 5-year-old plant can be propagated in spring. Management technology: asparagus is a negative plant, should not be placed in a place with too strong light, otherwise it is easy to cause withered and yellow branches and leaves. Watering should be appropriate, keep the basin soil wet and dry, generally watering to make the topsoil moist, dry season should be more to spray water to the leaf. Asparagus likes fertilizer, which is mixed with water and fully mature dilute liquid fertilizer or milk residue dominated by nitrogen and potassium every 10-15 days. Asparagus grows fast and should be thinned too weak, too dense and old branches and withered stems at any time, which is conducive to ventilation and maintain a low posture. Asparagus can also be planted with bamboo tube, its water permeability, water storage are good, there is no need to drill holes at the bottom of the basin. Ornamental value: asparagus is mainly potted foliage, fresh and elegant, and the layout of the study shows more scrolls. The roots, stems and leaves of asparagus can be used as medicine and can be picked all year round. Asparagus branches and leaves are slender, tall and straight beautiful, dense green, chic posture, is a good foil material for cut flowers, bouquets and baskets.

Abelmoschus: evergreen shrubs of the genus Palmae. Origin and habits: originated in Madagascar, Africa, many potted plants all over China. Loose-tailed sunflower prefers a warm and humid environment, and light is more resistant to shade. The height grows slowly, the crown width develops fast, and the natural pruning is good. Require slightly acidic sandy loam with good air permeability, avoid alkaline soil. Morphological characteristics: plant height is 3 to 4 meters. Stems branched from the ground, ringed; leaves extended arched, up to 2 meters long, petiole smooth, yellow, pinnae lanceolate, 60 cm long, apex soft, abaxial main veins 3, raised; flowers small, string, golden yellow, florescence from March to April. Propagation technology: sunflower can reproduce by sowing and ramet. In general, pots are propagated by ramets. Ramets can be propagated all the year round, but autumn is the best. From the strong growth of the mother plant to the well-developed branches, cut off from the root and the mother plant, moved into a new basin and re-planted. The newly planted plants should not be exposed to strong light for a long time because the root system is not yet well developed. Water properly and spray water to the leaves several times a day to keep the leaves moist. The temperature is kept at about 20-25 ℃ and can grow normally in about 20 days. Management techniques: indoor potted sunflower should choose acidic soil, and sandy loam with high humus content should be selected in the north. Watering should follow the principle of "dry and wet" according to the season, more watering should be appropriate in the dry and hot season, and watering should be controlled in low temperature, overcast and rain. In the northern region, especially where there is more salt and alkali in the water, attention should be paid to the frequent use of black alum to regulate soil acidity. Liquid fertilizer can be applied all the year round, nitrogen-containing organic fertilizer can be applied properly in summer, and organic flower fertilizer such as sesame sauce residue can be applied in winter. Rotate the flowerpot regularly, often trim the lower and inner withered leaves, and pay attention to trimming the crown shape. The indoor temperature must be kept above 10 ℃ in winter. If it is below 5 degrees for a long time, it will suffer frost injury. Ornamental value: the sunflower plant is tall, the leaves are green, the posture is free and easy, the four seasons are evergreen, and the potted plants are arranged in the hall, especially majestic, reflecting the tropical scenery. This species is a good material for park and courtyard greening in South China, and in Hong Kong, Macao and other places, because its leaves grow radially in all directions, it is regarded as a symbol of "rising in all directions". Very popular.

Sea taro (dripping Guanyin) dripping Guanyin is a trade name. when the soil water content is large, it drips down from the tip or edge of the leaf, so it is called dripping Guanyin in many places. This plant is a perennial evergreen herb of the genus Alocasia-Alocasia macrorrhizos of the Araceae family. It is native to the subtropics, has a sexual preference for warm, humid and semi-shady environment, and is not hardy. It is potted in the north of the Yangtze River Basin in China and moved indoors before winter. Amorphophallus does not have high requirements for soil, but it grows best in sandy loam or humus loam with good drainage and organic matter. Generally, the basin soil adopts the mixture of 2 ∶ 2 ∶ 1 rotten leaf soil, peat soil and coarse sand. Keep the basin soil moist during the growing season and apply N, P, K dilute liquid fertilizer once or twice a month. Put it in a semi-overcast ventilation place in summer, and often spray water around and leaves to increase air humidity, reduce leaf temperature and keep leaves clean. Stop fertilizing in winter and control the times of watering. Sea taro grows very fast, so in its growth process, fertilizer and water must be appropriate to avoid causing empty baldness at the lower end of the stem and affecting the ornamental value.

Malaba chestnut (wealth tree) [alias] rich tree American kapok chestnut tree American peanut [family] kapok family melon chestnut genus [origin] Central America, Mexico to Costa Rica [soil] to well drained sandy loam rich in humus [light] the wealth tree is not strict in light requirements, no matter in the strong light and low light indoor can better adapt. But all-day sunshine can make the leaf node short, the plant shape compact and plump. Due to the lack of light, the growth of cultured trees is slow. Do not suddenly transfer the plant from the shade to the strong light, otherwise the leaves will be burned and scorched, affecting the beautiful [temperature] rich trees prefer a warm and humid climate, and the general growth stage of 15 degrees 30 degrees is the most suitable. Winter should be indoors for the winter, the best room temperature is not less than 5 degrees [watering] the wealth tree should be kept moist at ordinary times, be sure not to be too wet, so as to avoid rotting roots. The wealth trees placed indoors are watered every 5 days in summer, and once every 8 days in spring and autumn. In winter, watering should be controlled. If the basin soil is slightly moist, organic liquid fertilizer can be applied once in 2-3 months. Multi-element compound fertilizer with high content of phosphorus and potassium can also be applied to promote the hypertrophy of the base of the stem and improve the ornamental value. The high temperature and humidity season in summer is very beneficial to the growth of wealth trees, so at this stage, the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened [economic value] the wealth tree has beautiful shape, bright green leaves, spindle shape, and can compile a variety of shapes. You can also make bonsai with a variety of unique styles. Because of its oily seeds, it has been widely popularized as a woody oil plant in the tropics.

Cuff coconut [alias] dwarf coconut, dwarf coconut, pocket coconut sunflower, pocket coconut, sunflower, pocket palm, coconut, sunflower, coconut, coconut, cocon The basin is changed once every two years in spring, because the root is very slender, so we should avoid injuring too many roots, and the suitable temperature for its recovery growth [temperature and environment] is 20 degrees 30 degrees, 13 degrees into dormancy, and the overwintering temperature is 10 degrees. Afraid of direct sunlight, not resistant to drought. In the hot sun, the color of its leaves will turn pale or yellow, and when it is serious, it will cause sunburn, produce scorched leaves and black spots, and lose its ornamental value [fertilization and watering] the growth period of this species is from March to September, so it is necessary to water in time to keep the basin soil moist, but watering should be based on the principle of dry rather than wet. When the air is dry and hot in summer and autumn, the foliar surface is often sprayed with water to increase air humidity. Water less during the dormant period to keep the basin a little dry. Fertilize 1 mi twice a month in the growing season, and stop applying fertilizer at the end of September [economic value] this species has a small plant shape, beautiful and elegant shape, green and glossy leaves, strong negative tolerance and tropical amorous feelings.

King coconut [family] wax palm subfamily stream palm genus [origin] eastern Madagascar [growth habits] born in marshes and river eyes along Rain Water and sunny areas. Sex likes the environment with sufficient light and water, and is more cold-tolerant, and the shade-tolerant soil is not strict on the soil, but the loose, fertile and well-drained soil is more favorable for its growth [temperature]. The optimum temperature for growth is 22m / 30 degrees. When potted, you can enter the house to spend the winter in cold areas [fertilize] like magnesium fertilizer, topdressing once a month, can make the leaf color emerald green, lack of magnesium leaf color yellowing [economic value] this species trunk is stout, the plant shape is elegant and light, green and beautiful, and its feathery compound leaves are like feathers. At the same time, because of its large adaptation area and good growth, it is an increasingly popular landscaping tree species. Potted plants are used for indoor furnishings and are quite tropical.

Goose palm wood [alias] goose foot wood [family genus] Araliaceae Araliaceae [origin] New Hebrides in the South Pacific Ocean [growth habits] like high temperature, high humidity [soil] cultivated soil with good drainage loam or sandy loam is the best [temperature and environment] the suitable temperature for growth is about 20 ℃ 28 degrees. The temperature is generally no less than 12 degrees and no higher than 30 degrees. If the winter temperature is too low, the leaves will fall and the ornamental value will be lost. Keep warm when the temperature drops to 5 degrees. Avoid strong direct sunlight throughout the day in summer. Not only should Chen put it in a bright place in the room, but also can not let the sun shine directly. When placed in the dark, the yellow-and-white patches of variegated leaf varieties will gradually disappear. After being directly exposed to strong light, the leaves are easy to turn yellow and fall off. When the balcony was planted. It should be shaded in spring and summer and light in autumn and winter. The basin soil should be dry and wet in spring and autumn, wet in summer and dry in winter. The selectivity of water quality is not strong. The growing period is mainly from April to October, fertilizing once a month [economic value] the leaves are oil-green, palmately compound and leathery; variegated varieties, alternating yellow and green, are an ideal indoor ornamental plant. Goose palm wood is resistant to pruning, strong germination, elegant plant posture, especially used to beautify the room can be comparable with high-end flower species. The goose palm firewood is the source of nectar in winter, and the root bark and leaves can be used as medicine.

Short spike fish tail sunflower [alias] tufted fish tail sunflower wine coconut [family] Palm family fish tail sunflower [origin] China Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan Indo-China [growth habits] semi-positive tree species, growing poorly in strong sunlight, like warm, high humidity and well-ventilated environment, has strong cold tolerance, and is one of the more cold-tolerant palm plants [soil]. The root system is well developed, and the requirements of soil conditions are not strict. when potted, garden soil and humus soil can be used as substrate. Generally change the basin every 1-2 years, remove part of the old soil when changing the basin, cut off part of the old roots, replant with new soil, and add a small amount of rotten organic fertilizer [temperature] the suitable temperature for growth is 18 Mel 30 degrees, the overwintering temperature is 3 degrees, and it can endure a low temperature of 2 degrees for a short time. If the temperature is lower than this for a long time, it will suffer frost damage [light]. It should have sufficient sunlight during the growing period, and it has strong adaptability to light. It is also suitable for the cultivation of ornamental [watering] roots in bright indoor light, which has a strong ability to resist drought. During the growth period from March to October, it can be watered once a day. When watering in other seasons, it is necessary to master moderate dryness and humidity, and avoid stagnant water in the basin soil. so as not to cause rotten roots. You only need to keep the basin soil moist when dormant, and spray water on the leaves in dry climates to ensure that the leaves are green and glossy. During the growth period, liquid fertilizer or compound fertilizer is usually applied twice a month to promote exuberant plant growth [economic value] this kind of plants grow in clusters, with graceful plant shape, luxuriant branches and leaves, full and layered tree shape, strange leaf shape and dark green leaf color. Decorate plants for excellent indoor greening. Often planted in medium and large pots, placed in lobbies, foyer, conference rooms and other places, extraordinary style. The stem pith contains starch, which can be used to make "sago". Inflorescence juice can be used to make sugar and wine.

Green pineapple is also called citrus fruit. Araceae, a large evergreen climbing vine. Native to the Solomon Islands, tropical regions often climb on the rocks and tree trunks of fish forests and can grow into giant vines. The green leaves have yellow patches. Green pineapple is one of the excellent interior decoration plants. The stem of the radish is thin and soft, and the leaves are delicate and beautiful, just like emerald relief. The bright green decoration is full of vitality and adds harmony to the room. It has strong negative resistance and is an excellent material for beautifying the living room. It is furnished indoors and can make the room full of vitality. Temperature: like warm environment; minimum temperature of overwintering is 10-13 ℃; green pineapple is 16 ℃. Light: prefer a semi-overcast environment; grow well in a brighter room; excellent varieties of flowers and leaves are easy to die in weak light. Moisture: there should be sufficient water in the basin soil in spring, summer and autumn, and watering should be reduced when the surface of the basin soil is 1-2 cm dry; low temperature in winter should be reduced. Air humidity: like high temperature and high humidity; should often spray water to the plant. Change the basin: change the basin in spring as needed. Propagation: cuttings with branches in spring and summer are easy to take root; totem poles must be cut with top cuttings with large leaves, so they can take shape more quickly.

Brazilian wood is known as fragrant dragon blood tree, alias Brazilian iron tree, Brazilian millennium wood, Phnom Penh fragrant dragon blood tree, for Liliaceae, dragon blood tree plants. Origin and habits: Brazilian wood is native to the tropics. The sex likes the environment with sufficient light, high temperature, high humidity, shade and dryness, and grows well in the bright scattered light and the dry environment of the northern bedroom. Morphological features: Brazilian evergreen trees, neat plant shape, straight and straight stem. The leaf cluster is born at the top of the stem, 40-90 cm long and 6-10 cm wide, the tip is slightly obtuse, curved into a bow, with bright yellow or milky stripes; the leaf margin is bright green, undulating and glossy. The flowers are small. Yellowish green, fragrant. Propagation technology: Brazilian wood is propagated by cutting method. The technique strips trimmed from the poor plant shape are used as cutting materials, cut into 5-10 cm segments, and cut upright or recumbent on a cutter with coarse sand or vermiculite as medium. Water culture can also be used to promote its rooting. The specific method is to cut off the stem, into the water, the cross section to be smooth, the upper end to prevent water evaporation can be coated with wax, which is particularly important in the dry season, the lower end is immersed in water 2-3 cm, the temperature is above 25 ℃, water and containers should be kept clean. The top with leaves can take root faster, and it can take root in 3-4 weeks, while the stem segment can take root slowly, sometimes it takes 2-3 months to grow new roots and buds. Management technology: as long as the temperature and other conditions are suitable, Brazilian wood can grow all year round. When it is high in summer, it should be shaded properly, and the room temperature in winter should not be lower than 5 ℃. But it is best to make it dormant in winter, dormancy temperature is 13 ℃, the temperature is too low, leaf tip and leaf edge will appear chloasma. Brazilian wood in the room should be in a place with plenty of light. If the light money is too weak, the markings on the leaves will turn green, the basal leaves will yellowing, and lose the ornamental value. During the cultivation period, the water quality should be kept clean and watered once or twice a week. It is not easy to have too much water to prevent the tree trunk from rotting. When it is hot in summer, spray can be used to improve the air humidity and spray water on the leaves to keep it moist. Brazilian wood should be properly fertilized outside the root during the growing period, with 100 times dilution of nutrient spray leaves, once every semimonthly, after several years of cultivation, the plant is too tall or the lower leaves of the stem fall off, and the plant shape is poor, it should be pruned. Change the basin or soil every early spring. Potted Brazilian wood, if the environment is not suitable, there will be red spiders, thrips, shell insects and other harm. In addition, excessive ventilation, drought, irregular watering and excessive fertilization can cause leaf tip scorch. Ornamental value: Brazilian wood is quite popular indoor large potted flowers and trees, especially in the wider living room, study, living room display, elegant style, simple, and with southern flavor. It is a beautiful, regular and world-famous new generation of indoor foliage plants.

Peacock taro, also known as taro, is a foliage plant of the genus Taro of the family Taro. The base has tuber, the plant height 20Mel 30cm, the leaf is long oval, the leaf surface is green and white, the middle rib edge has more than in the original brown spot, the leaf is evergreen all the year round, has the unique metallic luster; the brown patch is like the peacock with open screen, the color is fresh, gorgeous, soft, is the common indoor foliage plant. Many plants of this genus have high ornamental value and are important plants used to decorate indoor environment all over the world. The common varieties are: (1) spotted leaf taro. Also known as Pueraria lobata, leaves long oval, large and thin, green leaves like velvet, leaf ribs on both sides of zebra stripes like feather stripes, leaf back purplish red. (2) Red-backed Pueraria lobata. The leaf is wide oval, the surface is green, the markings are not obvious, the leaf back is purplish red. (3) Pueraria lobata. Also known as arrow feather leaf taro, green leaves, yellow pinnate stripes on both sides of the ribs, dark purple on the back of the leaves, and yellowish flowers. (4) White-spotted taro. The plant is 50ml 60 cm high, the stem is weak, the leaves are large and thin, the leaves are ovate-lanceolate, and there are irregular white patches on the green leaves. (5) double-line taro. Also known as red-feathered taro, long oval leaves, light green surface, white or pink parallel double stripes on both sides of the ribs, very beautiful. Peacock taro is native to America. It has a sexual preference for semi-shade and high temperature and humid environment, and is not resistant to cold. The suitable growth temperature is 20 ℃ 30 ℃, more than 35 ℃ or less than 7 ℃, which is bad for growth. The overwintering temperature should not be on the low side, otherwise the leaves are easy to curl. It is required that the soil is loose, rich in biomass and well drained. The propagation of bamboo taro plants mainly uses the method of dividing plants, which is usually carried out in combination with turning pots from April to May in spring. Ramet should not be premature, otherwise the low temperature is easy to hurt the root, affecting the survival and growth. When ramet, it can be separated into 2mur3 clumps into one plant, too little will affect the growth, pour water once after planting, and keep it in a semi-shady place. Watering should be controlled before the new roots are sent out, so as not to make the soil too wet. Potted soil can be mixed with 3 parts of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of peat or sawdust and 1 part of sand, and a small amount of bean cake is added as base fertilizer. When putting on the basin, the bottom of the basin is padded with 3 cm thick coarse sand as a drainage layer to facilitate drainage. From May to September, the plants are shaded or semi-shaded, and the light transmittance is maintained at 40%, 60%, so as to avoid direct sunlight, otherwise the leaves are easy to burn or the edges are scorched and curled. If it is kept indoors for a long time, the temperature is low and the light is insufficient, it will also grow weak and lose the unique luster on the leaf surface. Direct sunlight through glass is acceptable in winter. Bamboo taro requires higher humidity, usually maintenance can put the flowerpot on the upside-down flowerpot, and often spray water to the leaf surface and the surrounding environment, keep the surrounding and the ground moist, in order to achieve the purpose of increasing environmental humidity. The pot soil should be watered if it is not dry, otherwise the leaves are easy to curl the scorched edge because of the dry. During the peak growing season, apply light cake fertilizer or long-term chemical fertilizer once a week, not too much nitrogen fertilizer. When the summer temperature is high, thin fertilizer can be applied once a month, and the temperature is below 15 ℃ to stop fertilization. Good ventilation should be maintained during maintenance, otherwise scale insects are easy to occur, which affect the growth of stems and leaves and reduce the ornamental value. Peacock bamboo taro is a perennial evergreen herb. The leaves have pinnate markings of dark green and white or yellowish alternation, and have a unique metallic luster, like the tail feathers of peacocks, hence the name. The peacock bamboo taro plant is small and beautiful, and its leaves are fresh and gorgeous, so it has become one of the best foliage plants. Pot culture should choose rotten leaf soil, garden soil and a small amount of river sand mixed culture soil. During the growth period, dilute liquid fertilizer is applied about every 3 to 4 weeks. When applying nitrogen fertilizer, we should pay attention not to apply too much nitrogen fertilizer. Generally, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 2:1:1, which can make the leaves glossy. Soilless cultivation can also be used to irrigate the nutrient solution once or twice a month during the growth period. Water to keep the basin soil moist. Peacock bamboo taro likes the air to be moist, so we should pay attention to the use of water spraying, sprinkling and other methods to improve air humidity, especially in summer, we should pay more attention to humidification and cooling to facilitate growth. Family maintenance, can be placed in bright indoor light, do not direct light, otherwise it is easy to cause leaf edge scorch. If you keep it in a dimly lit place for a long time, the leaves will lose their unique luster. Put it in a place with sufficient light in winter, at the same time, pay attention to cold protection, room temperature should be kept above 13 ℃, stop fertilization and control watering. The indoor air is dry in winter in the north, in addition to spraying the leaf surface with cold boiled water every 3-5 days, it is best to put on a plastic film cover to keep warm and moisturizing at night. Those who have the conditions can use humidifiers to improve indoor humidity. In order to maintain its gorgeous leaf color, it is often necessary to gently scrub the leaves with clean water. The method of dividing plants is often used to breed peacock bamboo taro. When dividing plants, it is better to plant 3-5 plants in one pot. Picture:

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White crane taro (Spathiphyllum kochii) is also known as white palm, bract taro, different stalk white taro, silver bract taro. Araceae, Amorphophallus (Amorphophallus) genus. Native to tropical America. Morphological characteristics: perennial evergreen herbs. The height of the plant is 30cm to 40cm. Leaves basal, leathery, long elliptic or broadly lanceolate, long pointed, leaves dark green. The leaf is 20cm long and 10cm wide, the petiole is about 30cm long, and the vein is obvious. Because the spoon-shaped bud is as white as snow lotus, it is called white palm; because its white bracts sail like a white boat on the green water, it has the meaning of plain sailing in social communication, in order to encourage life to be enterprising and well-developed. The white crane taro is very similar to the white candle, also has white bracts, but the leaves and flowers are different from the spawn. The bud of the white crane taro turns not outward but inward, and the ovate bracts are not as bright and leathery as the white candle. The cultivated hybrids of the same genus are: perfume white palm: its flowers have a faint fragrance. Hulk white palm: also known as the Hulk, the plant is taller than the white crane taro, the leaf is larger than the white crane taro, the parallel distribution of pinnate lateral veins is more obvious, so it is more vigorous, is a trendy indoor potted plant. Habits: like warm, humid and semi-overcast environment, avoid direct sunlight, afraid of cold. Avoid sticking heavy soil, should be rich in humus sandy loam. Cultivation and management: White crane taro is more shade-tolerant, as long as it has about 60% scattered light to meet its growth needs, so it can be kept indoors with bright scattered light all the year round. Summer can cover 60% to 70% of the sun, avoid bright light, otherwise the leaves will turn yellow, and sunburn will occur in serious cases. Greenhouse cultivation in northern winter can not shade or less shade. If the light is too dark for a long time, it is not easy to blossom. White crane taro is a high-temperature-loving species, which should be cultivated in high-temperature greenhouse. The lowest temperature in winter should be 14-16 ℃ at night and about 25 ℃ in daytime. Long-term low temperature is easy to cause leaf shedding or scorched yellow. During the growth period, we should often keep the basin soil moist, but to avoid watering too much, the basin soil is moist for a long time, otherwise it is easy to cause rotten roots and plants withered and yellow. In summer and dry season, we should often use a fine-eye sprayer to spray water on the leaf surface, and sprinkle water on the ground around the plant to keep the air moist, which is very beneficial to its growth and development. If the climate is dry and the air humidity is low, the new leaves will become small and yellow, and when they are serious, they will wither and yellow and fall off. Watering should be controlled in winter, and the basin soil should be slightly wet. In the peak growing season, thin compound fertilizer or rotten cake fertilizer is applied every 1-2 weeks, which is not only conducive to plant growth, but also conducive to continuous flowering. The winter temperature in the north is low, so fertilization should be stopped. Potted soil can be evenly mixed with rotten leaf soil or peat soil plus 1 to 4 river sand or perlite, plus a small amount of bone powder or cake powder as base fertilizer. The basin soil requires good looseness, drainage and air permeability. Generally speaking, before a large number of new buds germinate in early spring, the basin should be changed once every year, part of the persistent soil should be removed, the root system should be trimmed, and the new culture soil should be added and planted in the larger basin to facilitate the root system development and growth. Reproduction: it can be propagated by ramet and sowing, or mass propagated by tissue culture. 1. Ramet propagation: because the white crane taro is easy to sprout, it is often propagated by this method. The plants with strong growth can be divided into plants once every 2 years. Before the emergence of new buds in early spring, the whole plant is poured out of the basin, the persistent soil is removed, and the rhizome is cut at the base of the plant. Each clump had better have more than 3 stems and buds, and should bring as many root groups as possible to facilitate the rapid emergence of new leaves and plump plant shape. 2. Sowing and reproduction: it is not difficult to reproduce in this way. Seeds can be obtained by artificial pollination in a greenhouse. After the seeds are mature, the sowing temperature should be about 25 ℃ when the seeds are harvested and sown, and the seeds are easy to rot at low temperature. Diseases and insect pests: fat, freezing injury, leaves easy to yellow tip. The soil should be changed immediately at this time.

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Mary Andai pink leaves, also known as flowers and leaves evergreen, silver spot evergreen, native to tropical America, plant height 30-90 cm, flowers erect, internodes short, leaves long oval, slightly wavy margin, leaf surface covered with a variety of milky white or milky yellow markings or spots, sexual shade tolerance, green tingling. The main cultivated varieties are Marianne, KIKI, Golden Sun, Baiyu, Duozi zebra, Golden Baoyu, Paradise evergreen and so on. The optimum temperature for the growth of Daifen leaves is 25: 30 ℃, 30 ℃ in the daytime and 25 ℃ at night. The growth range is 18: 30 ℃ from February to September and 13: 18 ℃ from September to February of the following year. The temperature in winter is not lower than 10 ℃, otherwise the leaves are vulnerable to freezing damage. Dai Fan Ye likes the ambient humidity of 80%. If the soil is to dry to the surface, 2cm will have to be watered. During the growing period, it should be fully watered and sprayed to the leaf surface. If you do not spray water for a long time, the leaf surface will be rough and lose its luster. The soil moisture is the most suitable for dry and wet order, which should be watered more in summer and controlled in winter. Daifen leaves are shady and afraid of the sun. When the light is too strong, the leaf surface becomes rough. leaf edges and tips are easy to scorch, even large area burns. If the light is too weak, the color of the yellow-white patch will turn green, grow best under the bright scattered light, and the leaf color is brighter and more beautiful. The soil should be rich, loose and well drained loam. Potted soil uses a mixture of rotten leaf soil and coarse sand. [propagation methods] Cuttage, sowing and tissue culture are commonly used. Cutting propagation is the best in the period of high temperature from July to August, cutting the top of the stem 7cm, cutting off part of the leaves, reducing water evaporation, cutting in the sand bed or bandaging the incision with water moss, keeping high air humidity, room temperature 24: 30 ℃, rooting 15-25 days after cutting, transplanting to pot after new buds germinated on the stem segment. Sowing and reproduction: Dai powder leaves must bear fruit after artificial pollination. The seeds should be sowed immediately after maturity, and the seeds should be cleaned to avoid mildew. The pot soil should be disinfected before sowing, cover 1 cm after sowing, keep room temperature 24-29 ℃, germinate 7-14 days after sowing, and transplant when the seedling is 3 cm high. Tissue culture propagation: at present, lateral buds and terminal buds have been used as explants. After routine disinfection, they were inoculated on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg / L 6-benzylaminoadenine and 2 mg / L naphthylacetic acid. 45 days later, when the adventitious buds grew to 2 cm, they were transferred to 1/2MS medium supplemented with 2 mg / 1 indole acetic acid. After about 20 to 25 days, they could root and form complete plantlets. [cultivation management] 15-20 cm pots are commonly used in potted plants of Dai powder leaves. Fertilize once every semimonthly during the growing period, or use "Huiyou" 20 Mel 8 Mel 20 with high potassium nitrate fertilizer for four seasons. If the room temperature is below 15 ℃, the fertilizer will be stopped. If the winter temperature is lower than 10 ℃, too much watering will cause defoliation and stem top ulceration. If the plant is only deciduous and the stem is not rotten, it can continue to sprout and spread its leaves after the temperature rises. After growing for 1-2 years, there are more tillers at the base of potted plants, which can be combined with changing pots for split propagation. If the plant grows taller, the shoot can be cut off by leaving the basal 2-3 nodes, and the remaining stem nodes can still sprout and branch and maintain a better plant shape. [pest control] there are mainly bacterial leaf spot, brown spot and anthracnose, which can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times. Sometimes root rot and stem rot harm occur, in addition to pay attention to ventilation and reduce humidity, you can use 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 times liquid spray control. [postpartum treatment] Dai powder leaves with large leaves, with beautiful color spots, suitable for potted ornamental, decorated living room, study, very comfortable and elegant. With it placed in public places with low luminosity, Daifen leaves still grow normally, with green leaves, luxuriant branches and full of vitality, which is especially suitable for configuration in modern buildings. Daifen leaves can endure 14 days in the dark and are stored and transported at 15 ℃ and 90% relative humidity. Picture:

Beautiful needle sunflower, also known as soft-leaf sunflower, is a palm jujube foliage plant. Beautiful needle sunflower is an evergreen shrub with short and thick stems, usually solitary and tufted, with a plant height of 1m. The leaves are flaky, erect at birth, slightly curved and drooping after a little longer, with long spines and triangular protuberances on both sides of the petiole base, which is one of its characteristics; the leaflets are lanceolate, about 20ml 30cm long and 1cm wide, soft and arc-shaped. Inflorescences of fleshy spikes axillary, 20ml 50 cm long, dioecious. The fruit is about 1.5 cm long, light green at first and jujube when ripe. Beautiful needle sunflower is native to Indochina and is widely cultivated in the provinces and regions of southern China. There are about 17 species of plants of the same genus, mainly found in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. Its tropical climate of high temperature and humidity, light and shade tolerance, drought tolerance, barren tolerance, like good drainage, fertile sandy loam. It has strong cold tolerance and can survive the winter at about 0 ℃ in winter. Beautiful needle sunflower is used to sow and reproduce. Pollination after flowering is easy to bear fruit. The fruit matures from October to November and is sown immediately after harvest or sown in the following spring. Sow the seeds in the river sand to keep the substrate moist. Seedlings can emerge at 20 ℃ 30 ℃ for 2-3 months or more. Dilute liquid fertilizer was applied when the cotyledon degree of the seedlings reached 5ml / 10cm, then pots were transplanted, and the management of water and fertilizer was strengthened. The pot culture of beautiful needle sunflower can use 2 parts of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of garden soil and 1 part of river mixture as the substrate, and add a small amount of base fertilizer when planting. It has strong adaptability and simple cultivation and maintenance. During the peak growth period from April to September, liquid fertilizer was applied twice a month to keep the basin soil moist, and the dry air sprayed water to the plant once a day to improve the air humidity of the environment and benefit the plant growth; in other seasons, less fertilization or no fertilizer could be applied, and the basin soil could be kept wet. When the light is strong from June to September, it should be shaded (50% shading degree is appropriate) to prevent the leaves from yellowing; other seasons should be given more sufficient light to facilitate plant growth. The beautiful needle sunflower is prone to shell insects when the air is dry and the ventilation is poor. If shell insects are found, they should be prevented and controlled. Generally, 800 times omethoate can be sprayed, and ventilation and ventilation conditions are improved at the same time. Beautiful needle sunflower branches and leaves arch like umbrella-shaped, leaves evenly distributed and green bright, is an excellent potted foliage plant. Use it to decorate the interior, but it is permeated with tropical atmosphere. In general, small and medium-sized pots are suitable for living rooms, study and other places, appear elegant and generous; potted plants in large plants are often used to decorate the meeting hall, hall, etc., appear solemn and majestic. Picture:

One leaf orchid scientific name: Aspidistra elatior English name: Common Aspidistra alias: Spider holding egg. Family name: Liliaceae morphological characteristics: evergreen herbs, with rhizomes. Leaves elliptic needle-lanceolate, dark green, margin microwave-shaped. The flower is bell-shaped. The flowering period is April. The capsule is spherical. Like shade can not tolerate strong light, like warm and cold-resistant, like moist, should be drained well and fertile sandy loam.

Silver queen Latin name: Aglaonema commulatum cv.Silvcr Queen alias: silver queen evergreen, silver queen thick rib grass, silver queen bright silk grass botanical characteristics: > is a perennial herb. The plant height is 30ml 40 cm, the stem is erect and unbranched, and the internodes are obvious. The leaves are alternate, the petiole is long, the base is enlarged into a sheath, the leaf is narrow and long, light green, the leaf surface has gray-green stripes, and the area is larger. The Silver Queen is famous for its unique air purification ability: the higher the concentration of pollutants in the air, the more it can exert its purification ability! Therefore, it is very suitable for dark rooms with poor ventilation. This kind of plant with gray leaves likes to live in a constant temperature. If it is watered with warm water, it can survive for a long time. Can be removed: formaldehyde, nicotine "Silver Queen can absorb radiation from the printer."

Tiger tail orchid, also known as tiger skin orchid, millennium orchid, is a perennial herbaceous foliage plant of Liliaceae. The lower part of the tiger-tail brandy has a tough rhizome and is stemless. Leaves clustered, fleshy linear-lanceolate, hard leathery, erect, base slightly furrowed; dark green, with horizontal stripes of light green and dark green on both sides, slightly powdered. Raceme of white to light green flowers with a sweet and elegant fragrance; flowering in spring and summer. Common cultivated varieties are: Phnom Penh tiger tail orchid: shaped like tiger tail orchid, but the leaf edge is inlaid with golden broad-spotted belt. Magnolia przewalskii: it is a dwarf species with a plant height of about 10mi 20cm. It is a mutant of Phnom Penh with short and broad leaves and overlapping growth. Onion leaf tiger tail orchid: also known as pillar leaf tiger tail orchid. The leaf is cylindrical, the whole leaf is about the same thickness up and down, the end is slightly pointed and thin, the leaf surface has a longitudinal shallow groove, and each leaf grows independently. Tiger tail orchid is native to ten arid areas of Africa and southern Asia, and is cultivated all over China. It has strong adaptability, warm and humid sex, drought tolerance, light tolerance and shade tolerance. The requirement of soil is not strict, and the sandy loam with better drainage is better. The suitable temperature for growth is 20-30 ℃, and the overwintering temperature is 10 ℃. Cymbidium can be propagated by ramet and cuttage. After the temperature rises in spring every year, the whole plant is separated from the basin, the old culture soil is removed, the rhizome is exposed, and it is cut into several plants along its direction, so that each plant contains at least 4 mature leaves, and then planted in the pot with the new culture soil. The cutting propagation material is leaf (that is, leaf cutting), which can be carried out when the temperature is above 15 ℃. The mature leaves were transversely cut into 7 Mel 8 cm long segments, which were used as cuttings, dried slightly and inserted in the river sand. Be careful not to cut upside down when cutting; keep a certain degree of humidity, but it should not be too wet to avoid decay. Adventitious buds and roots can grow from the incision in about a month, and new plants can grow. Phnom Penh and variegated leaf varieties use leaf cuttings to produce green seedlings, Phnom Penh and spotted mausoleum disappear, reducing the ornamental value, so these varieties are not suitable for leaf cutting propagation, can only be propagated by ramets. The pot cultivation of Magnolia can use the same amount of rotten leaf soil and garden soil and a small amount of mature base fertilizer as the substrate. It grows well under the condition of sufficient light, except in midsummer to avoid the direct sun, other seasons should accept more sunlight; if placed in the indoor light is too dark for a long time, the leaves will be dark, lack of vitality. In addition, if it is placed indoors for a long time, it is not advisable to suddenly move directly to the sun. It is better to move to the light first, so that it can have an adaptation process and then see the sun, so that the leaves will not be burned. Watering should be appropriate and master the principle that it would rather be dry than wet. Usually scrub the foliar dust with clean water to keep the leaves clean and bright. When sprouting new plants at the root neck in spring, the basin soil should be properly watered to keep the basin soil moist; in summer high temperature season, the basin soil should always be kept moist; the amount of watering should be controlled after the end of autumn, and the basin soil should be kept relatively dry to enhance cold resistance. It does not have high requirements for fertilizer, and it applies dilute liquid fertilizer twice a month in the growing season to ensure that the leaves are green and thick. Tiger tail orchid leaves are firm and erect, with gray-white and dark green tiger-tail stripes, resolute posture, strange and interesting; it has many varieties, great changes in plant shape and leaf color, exquisite and chic; it has strong adaptability to the environment. It is a kind of indomitable plant, widely used in cultivation and widely used as a common potted foliage plant in home. It is suitable for decorating study, living room and office, which can be enjoyed for a long time.

Fugui bamboo, also known as Xianda dragon blood tree, is a foliage plant of the family Liliaceae. Fugui bamboo is a small evergreen tree with no rhizome underground and yellowish brown roots. The speckle color of the leaf varies from variety to variety. Common cultivated varieties are: Phnom Penh rich bamboo: leaf edge golden yellow, central green. Sex likes high temperature and high humidity environment, light requirements are not strict, Xiguang can also withstand shade. It is suitable for sandy loam with good drainage. The suitable temperature for growth is 20-30 ℃, and the overwintering temperature is 10 ℃. Rich bamboo is propagated by cuttings. Cuttings are mostly combined with shaping and pruning. With the growth and height of the plant for many years, the leaves at the base of the stem often fall off and the shape of the plant becomes worse; in the growing season, the stem can be cut by 5 cm and 10 cm as cuttings, which can be cut in vermiculite or river sand, which can take root and sprout in 1-2 weeks. The pot cultivation of rich bamboo can be planted with the same amount of rotten leaf soil, garden soil and river sand, or coconut bran and rotten leaf soil with a small amount of base fertilizer as culture soil. The key to management is to master humidity and temperature. The growing season should often keep the basin soil moist, and often spray water to the leaf surface, in order to maintain a higher environmental humidity, too dry will make the leaf tip dry; in winter, the basin soil should not be too damp, but it is often necessary to spray water to the leaf surface, and pay attention to cold prevention work at the same time, so as to prevent the leaves from yellowing, atrophy and even shedding. Liquid fertilizer or granular compound fertilizer was applied 2 or 3 times a month from May to September to keep the leaves green and bright. It is not strict with light and is suitable to grow under bright scattered light to avoid direct sunlight. If exposed or dried, it will make the leaves rough, scorched, lack of luster and reduce the ornamental value.

Anthurium andraeanum scientific name: Anthurium andraeanum Anthurium andraeanum alias: fire crane flower, candle, Anzu flower, red crane taro. Anthuriaceae: Anthurium of Araceae. Origin and distribution of Anthurium andraeanum: Anthurium andraeanum is native to the tropical regions of America and likes a warm and humid climate. Sex likes warm, humid and semi-shady environment, but does not bear shade, likes sunshine but avoids direct sunlight, is not resistant to cold, likes fat and avoids salt and alkali. At present, the greenhouse with light, temperature and water regulation system is used for cut flower cultivation. Good cut flowers and potted flowers have also been cultivated in simple shade sheds in frost-free hot areas of Yunnan. With the improvement of economic level, Anthurium andraeanum has a good application prospect as a high-grade flower. The flowers of Anthurium andraeanum are unique, bright and gorgeous, colorful and varied, and the flowering period is long, the flowers bloom continuously in four seasons, the vase life is very long, the aquaculture period can be up to 1 month, and the single flowering period of potted plants can reach 4-6 months. The suitable temperature for growth is 25 ℃, and the overwintering temperature should be kept above 15 ℃. The acid soil with loose air permeability, good drainage, rich humus and pH 5.5 / 6.5 is required. Morphological characteristics of Anthurium andraeanum: it is a perennial herb of Araceae, with a height of 30-70cm, leaves drawn from short stems, leathery, long heart-shaped, all-green, petiole hard and slender, 30 cm long and about 10 cm wide. The flower is terminal, about 50 cm long, the Buddha's flame bract is heart-dirty, 10 ~ 20 cm long and 8 ~ 10 cm wide, the surface is wrinkled, the spawn has a bright waxy luster, the fleshy inflorescence is cylindrical, erect, about 6 cm long, yellow, at first glance, it looks like an artificial false flower, the flower posture is strange and beautiful, and the cut flower has a life span of more than 30 days, which is an advanced flower material for flower arrangement. A wide variety of similar varieties, there are red, pink, scarlet, white, red background green lines, green, orange and other colors, the florescence is long, can blossom throughout the year. Perennial epiphytic evergreen herbaceous flowers. The height of the plant can reach 1 meter and the Internode is short. Leaves extracted from rhizome, long-stalked, solitary, oblong, heart-shaped or ovoid, dark fresh green, glossy. The flower bud is drawn from the leaf axil and the flame is upright, leathery, ovoid, orange or scarlet. Its varieties are milky white, mosaic white-green, five-color and exquisite red edge varieties, which are very varied. Inflorescences sessile, Terete, erect, slightly decumbent. Flowers bisexual, perianth 4-lobed, stamens 4, ovary 2-loculed, each locule with 1-2 ovules. There are 2-4 seeds in the small berries, pink, concentrated on the fleshy inflorescences. It is one of the most valuable cut flower varieties nowadays. Because of its bright flowers, waxy outer cover and long shelf life, it has become an important flower arrangement for high-end occasions. Anthurium andraeanum ecological habits: like the environment with high air humidity and smooth drainage, like shade, warm and hot. It can blossom and bear fruit all the year round in the environment where the temperature is not higher than 28 ℃ in the daytime and no less than 20 ℃ at night. Sunburn occurs when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, growth is affected when the temperature is lower than 14 ℃, and the plant will freeze to death when the continuous low temperature is lower than 0 ℃. The air humidity is required to reach 80%, and the soil pH value is 5.5 and the EC value is 1.2. The soil is required to be loose and fertile, and soilless cultivation is the best. The optimum growth temperature of Anthurium andraeanum for propagation and cultivation is 20-30 ℃, the highest temperature should not exceed 35 ℃, and the lowest temperature is 14 ℃. If it is lower than 10 ℃, it may cause freezing injury at any time. The optimum air relative humidity is 70% Mel 80%, which should not be less than 50%, because keeping a high air humidity in the cultivation environment is the key to the success of Anthurium andraeanum cultivation. Therefore, foliar spraying should be carried out many times throughout the year. Anthurium andraeanum is not tolerant to strong light and should be cultivated in a shady environment throughout the year, that is, it should be cultivated in a greenhouse with protective facilities. It should be properly shaded in spring, summer and autumn, especially 70% shading in summer. Direct sunlight will make the leaf temperature higher than the air temperature, and if the leaf temperature is too high, there will be burns, scorched leaves, bud discoloration and slow leaf growth. 1. Anthurium andraeanum propagation: it is usually propagated in separate plants. at present, tissue culture is often used to propagate in large quantities, and seeds are used in breeding. The tiller buds of the adult mother plant can be divided and planted in spring, and the young leaves are mostly used as explants in tissue culture, which are induced by callus to differentiate buds, then rooting and seedling formation, and it takes about 4 months from inoculation to seedling transplantation. flowering 2-3 years after planting. 2. Cultivation of Anthurium andraeanum: Anthurium andraeanum is cultivated in greenhouse, and it can also be cultivated in pot. A greenhouse with heating, ventilation and shading is required. Soilless cultivation should be carried out, and the suitable culture medium should be the mixture of vermiculite, perlite and peat. Usually from January to May, the seedlings were planted with 7 leaves from January to May, with a height of about 30cm, ridging 30cm, planting on the ridge, the plant row spacing was 30 × 40cm, drip irrigation was used and the nutrient solution was applied twice a week. Pay attention to the adjustment of temperature, humidity and light during growth. The suitable temperature is 27 ℃ and 28 ℃. The temperature is cooled by spraying water and ventilating during the high temperature period in summer, and the night temperature is kept at 15 min in winter. The light is adjusted to 20000 Mel 25000 lux, and shaded when it is too strong. Strong light and high temperature in summer can easily cause leaf burns. Too much watering or poor drainage is easy to rot roots. The suitable time for harvesting cut flowers is when the yellow part of fleshy panicle accounts for 1 / 3 and cut off from the base of pedicel. Insert it into the water immediately after harvest. When it needs to be transported, it is fixed according to a single branch and placed in a flat box in layers. Anthurium andraeanum water for a long time, water culture, every 3 days to change water, and cut off the base of the flower stalk 1 cm, keep the incision fresh, in order to facilitate water absorption. It could be stored in 13 ℃ for 4 weeks and kept fresh, and chilling injury occurred when the temperature was below 7 ℃. When potted, the potted soil is made of peat or rotten leaf soil plus rotten horse dung plus an appropriate amount of perlite, which can also be matched with 2pm 3 rotten leaf soil and 1cm 3 river sand. 5Mel 6 leaves on the pot, the seedlings with a small basin, with the growth gradually changed into a large basin, the bottom of the basin more broken tiles to facilitate ventilation, exhaust. Change the basin every 1-2 years, watering with foliar spray is better to keep the foliage moist. During the growing period, thin alum fertilizer was applied once a week. The main pests of Anthurium andraeanum are red spider and shell insect, and the main diseases are anthracnose and leaf spot, which can be sprayed with 1000 times of omethoate and methyl topiramate respectively. Anthurium andraeanum is very popular because of its unique flower shape, colorful flowers and annual flowering, which can be used as cut flowers and potted flowers. Anthurium andraeanum, which is used as a cut flower, is extremely bright red and waxy, and has a long vase life. Potted ornamental spring flowering green leaves with bright red Buddha flame is very beautiful, there are flowers, when there are no flowers to watch the leaves, is an excellent indoor small potted flowers. Often used for the beautification of family rooms, living rooms and conference rooms, Anthurium andraeanum ranks second only to orchids in the global tropical flower trade. Anthurium andraeanum is mainly cut flowers. In recent years, due to the continuous cultivation of new multi-flower varieties.

Emerald forest taro, also known as long heart leaf green velvet, emerald, is a perennial evergreen vine foliage plant of Araceae. The emerald forest taro is a trailing species with a stout stem and air roots on the nodes. The leaf is long heart-shaped, 25ml 35cm long, 12li 18cm wide, without end protruding point, the base is deep heart-shaped, green, entire, shiny. The tender shoots and leaf sheaths are green. Similar to the same good varieties are: Ruby forest taro: also known as ruby, leaves and stems are dark red. Amorphophallus humilis: petioles, abaxial surface of leaves, and young newborn parts are often dark red. Qin Ye Xi Lin taro: meaning split leaf Xi Lin taro, the leaf is violin-shaped, 5-lobed, the base lobe is wide, ear-shaped, the middle is thin, the apex is long oval, the color is dark green, shiny. Heart leaf Xilin taro: also known as keen climbing Xilin taro, round leaf Xilin taro, green stems and leaves, heart-shaped leaves. Emerald forest taro and other trees are mostly native to tropical and subtropical America and climb on tree trunks and rocks. Sex likes warm, humid and semi-overcast environment. The suitable temperature for growth was 20 ℃ and 28 ℃, and the overwintering temperature was 5 ℃. Emerald like forest taro is often propagated by cuttings, and it is easy to take root in high temperature season. Generally, the stem was cut from April to August, the lower leaves were removed, and the cuttings were inserted into the matrix mixed with rotten leaf soil and river sand to keep the substrate and air moist. It can take root and put on the pot after 2 Mel for 3 weeks. The pot substrate of emerald forest taro is better in loam soil which is rich in humus and well drained. Generally, it can be made of 1 part of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of garden soil, 1 part of peat soil and a small amount of river sand and base fertilizer. When planting, you can stand a column in the basin and plant 5 seedlings around it to let it climb and grow. It likes high temperature and humid environment, must keep the basin soil moist, especially in summer can not lack of water, but also often spray water to the leaves; but to avoid basin soil stagnant water, otherwise the leaves are easy to yellowing. Generally, the water should be watered once a day in spring and summer and every 5 days in autumn. In winter, the amount of water should be reduced, but the basin soil should not be completely dry. In the growing season, we should often pay attention to topdressing, generally fertilizing twice a month; slow or stop growing in late autumn and winter, we should stop applying fertilizer. It likes bright light, avoids strong sunlight, and generally needs to be shaded by 50% to 60% in the growing season; but it can also tolerate a dark indoor environment, but too weak light for a long time can easily lead to overgrowth, elongation and weak growth, which is not conducive to viewing. Emerald like forest taro leaves broad and thick green, climbing cultivation can form a green round school, regular and strong plant shape, rich tropical style. It has strong negative tolerance and is very suitable for indoor decoration and cultivation. It is often cultivated in large and medium-sized plants, and it is arranged in halls, conference rooms, offices and so on.

Cymbidium is a perennial evergreen foliage plant of Liliaceae. Cymbidium is a perennial herb with tufted cylindrical hypertrophic fibrous roots and rhizomes. The most important feature of Cymbidium is that mature plants will grow stems from time to time, and small plants will grow at the end of the stem. Flower pavilions slender, longer than leaves, curved; flowers white, clustered in clusters, scattered on inflorescence axis. The florescence is between spring and summer, and it can also bloom indoors in winter. At present, in addition to pure green leaves, there are three kinds of horticultural varieties: Magnolia, Golden Cymbidium and Phnom Penh. Sex likes a warm, humid, semi-overcast environment. It has strong adaptability and is resistant to drought and cold. Instead of soil, it grows better in loose sandy loam. Light requirements are not strict, a ship is suitable for growing in medium light conditions, but also resistant to weak light. The suitable temperature for growth is 1525 ℃, and the overwintering temperature is 5 ℃. Cymbidium can be propagated by ramets. Except that the winter temperature is too low to be suitable for ramet, it can be carried out in other seasons. When the potted plants were planted for 2 to 3 years, the dense potted seedlings were divided into two to several clusters when changing pots in spring, and the plants were potted into new plants respectively. Cymbidium can also be propagated by small plants on the walking stem. In the growing season, the small plants on the stems are cut, planted in the culture soil or in water, and then transplanted into the basin after the small plants take root. In potted cultivation, rotten leaf soil or peat soil, garden soil and river sand are often mixed with a small amount of base fertilizer as substrate. The pots were changed every 2-3 years, and the culture soil was reprepared. The fleshy root has well-developed water storage tissue and strong drought resistance, but it needs more water during the peak growth period from March to September, so it should be watered and sprayed frequently to increase humidity, and gradually reduce the amount of water after autumn to improve the cold resistance of the plant. During the peak growth period, dilute liquid fertilizer was applied twice a month. Nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer, but Jinxin and Phnom Penh varieties should not apply too much nitrogen fertilizer, otherwise the line spot of leaves will not become obvious. Hanging orchid like semi-shady environment, if the light is too strong or insufficient, the leaves will easily become light green or yellowish green, lack of vitality, lose their due ornamental value, or even die; such as direct sunlight, dry air, the most likely to cause hanging orchid scorched, so it should be placed in a cool and ventilated place, and pay attention to maintain environmental humidity. Cymbidium is not easy to suffer from diseases and insect pests, but if the basin soil is stagnant and poorly ventilated, it will not only lead to rotting roots, but also may cause root rot, so attention should be paid to spray control. Hanging orchid, stems and leaves such as orchid, evergreen all the year round, hanging indoors, can be called "flowers in the air". It takes stolons from the axils of leaves and produces many small plants with roots, which droop along the basin and are very elegant. Hanging orchid is also known as indoor air "purifier", it can absorb carbon monoxide, nitrogen peroxide, and other volatile gases, so that the indoor air is purified, which is beneficial to human health. However, the hanging orchid is often easy to wither at the tip of the leaf, which affects the outlook, so attention should be paid to prevention and control. The methods of prevention and control should start from the causes: there are more than 200 kinds of hanging orchids, including Phnom Penh, silver-edged orchids, golden orchids and whole-edge orchids and so on. Cymbidium is native to South Africa, South America and tropical Asia. It is warm, semi-shady, humid and not cold-resistant. If there is insufficient moisture in summer and autumn, or heavy frost in winter, it is often easy to wither leaf tips. Specific prevention and control methods can be taken: (1) often pay attention to watering, spraying, to keep the basin soil and the surrounding air moist. Because its blade is more, hang in the air again, or place balcony ventilated place, need more water. This should often be watered and sprayed to the basin soil and foliage and around the basin. Generally, it can be watered early and late every day in summer and autumn, and watered every 4-5 days in winter and spring, less in winter and a little more in spring. Only in this way can we keep the basin soil moist and the air moist, and at the same time wash the dust and keep the leaves fresh in time, so as to enhance the ornamental quality. (2) place the flowerpot in a semi-shaded place to prevent strong light exposure. Although the orchid needs the right amount of light, but avoid direct sunlight, otherwise it is also easy to cause leaf withering. (3) the orchid should have a large pot with few plants and prefer sandy loam with good drainage and air permeability. For example, a medium-sized flowerpot is suitable for 2-3 plants. If the number of plants is too much, the need for water is also too much, such as the insufficient supply of water content in small soil, and it is easy for leaves to wither. Attention should also be paid to often cutting off withered leaves. It can also be combined with changing pots every spring or autumn, replacing smaller pots with large pots and removing redundant branches and leaves.

Golden amber, also known as yellow thorn, is the most attractive species of cactus in the family cactus and golden amber genus. There are also several main varieties in planting palms, such as white thorns, wild thorns, short thorns, golden amber brocade, golden amber crown and so on. Origin and habits: Golden vetch originated in the desert of Mexico, and now it has been introduced and cultivated in the south and north of China. Golden amber prefers sunny, fertile and permeable sandy loam. The hot period of high temperature in summer should be properly shaded to prevent the sphere from being burned by strong light. Morphological features: Golden amber stem globular, ball dark green, dense yellow hard thorns, ball top densely golden woolly; flowers yellow, terminal in woolly clumps, Lu size, very beautiful and spectacular; fruit scale and woolly, seeds black and smooth. Per reproduction technique: Golden mackerel was propagated by sowing and bulb grafting. 1. Sowing method: the emergence rate of seeds harvested in the same year is high. Sowing takes place from May to September, and the seedling sphere has the size of rice or mung bean 30-40 days after germination, which can be transplanted or grafted on the rootstock to promote growth. 2. The method of seed ball grafting: the seedlings cultivated for more than 3 months are grafted on a tender ruler to promote growth. When the scion grows to a certain size or the rootstock cannot support it, it can be cut off, dry the wound and then cut into the pot. In the good environment of fertile soil and air circulation, the seedlings without grafting grow very fast. After potting, the seedlings or grafted balls should be placed in a semi-shaded place, avoid direct sunlight, and the sphere will not shrink after 7 days and 10 days, that is, it will survive. Management technology: Jinxing likes calcareous sandy loam, which can be mixed with the same amount of coarse sand, loam, rotten leaf soil and a small amount of old wall ash. The basin should be turned over to change the soil and the old roots should be cut off once a year. In the middle of March, take the ball out of the basin and cut off the old root so as not to hurt the main root. After cutting, leave the bad in a ventilated place for 4-5 days to dry the cut; the newly cultivated soil used in turning the basin should use fermented livestock and poultry manure as base fertilizer and mix well with coal ash, plant ash and a small amount of animal bone powder; the basin should be detoxified by means of sunlight, cooking and spraying to prevent rotten balls. Golden amber likes to have plenty of sunshine, but it should be half-shaded in summer. When the temperature is above 35 ℃, it should be shaded around noon to avoid strong sunlight to burn the sphere. Before 10:00 or after 5pm, it can be exposed to the sun to promote more buds, and to avoid excessive shading, the sphere becomes longer and reduces ornamental value. The overwintering temperature was kept at 8: 10 ℃ and the basin soil was kept dry. When the temperature is too low, the sphere will produce macula. Rain-proof in summer. Summer is the peak growing season, and the water demand is increased. If you want to water frequently in case of drought, the best time is in the early morning and evening, do not water too cold in the hot noon, it is easy to cause "cold" and cause disease. If the basin soil is too dry at noon, you can spray less water to make the basin surface moist, not to spray water to the top of the ball and the grafting part, so as not to accumulate water and rot. During the growing period, the rarefied fertilizer solution containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was applied twice in half a month and watered cleanly. Organic fertilizer should be fully mature and properly concentrated. Golden amber has strong nature and strong disease resistance, but it is vulnerable to diseases and pests such as red spider, shell insect and whitefly in summer because of humidity, heat, poor ventilation and other factors. The prevention and control of red spiders, shell insects, whitefly and other diseases and pests should be strengthened. The red spider was sprayed with 40% dimethoate or 90% trichlorfon 1000-1500 times. When shell insects and whiteflies are found, they can be wiped out manually. Ornamental value: Golden mackerel has a long life, easy cultivation, strong adult golden amber flowers, resplendent, and high ornamental value. Moreover, it is a kind of ideal ornamental plant for urban family greening because of its small size and less space.

Ping an tree (cinnamon) Ping an tree is the elegant name of cinnamon plants in Lauraceae and Lauraceae. It is an evergreen small tree with green branchlets, smooth tomentose-free leaves, opposite or subopposite leaves, ovate-long oval, apex tip, thick leathery, leaves about 10 cm to 22 cm long, 5 cm to 8 cm wide, bright green on the front, metallic luster, gray-green to yellowish green on the back, three veins obvious, for the more popular foliage plants. It likes warm, humid, sunny environment, more shade-resistant, warm and hot, no frost and snow, foggy and humid environment, and is not resistant to drought, cold and salinity. The acid sandy loam with loose and fertile, good drainage and rich organic matter should be used for cultivation. The suitable temperature for its growth is from 22 ℃ to 30 ℃, and it cannot tolerate the low temperature below 5 ℃. It should enter the room before Frosts Descent and leave the room after Qingming Festival. Its requirement for light is that from mid-May to mid-October, 40% to 50% of the light should be shielded. Too much light can easily cause burns to the leaves, but it can also grow well if it is placed in an indoor place with sufficient light for a long time. Always keep the basin soil moist during the growing season, and often spray water on the leaf surface and the environment, so that the relative air humidity in the environment is maintained at about 80%. In the irrigation water in the north, 0.1% ferrous sulfate powder should be added, or a small amount of edible vinegar can be dripped to improve the acidity of the water quality to meet its demand for acidic soil environment. Potted plants should loosen the soil once a month during the growing season and always keep their roots in a good state of penetration. When the plant has new leaves, it can be irrigated with thin cake fertilizer once a month, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be applied twice after autumn to increase the cold resistance of the plant. When fertilizing, do not use raw fertilizer, thick fertilizer, large fertilizer, especially forbid high concentration of chemical fertilizer, otherwise it is very easy to cause fertilizer damage to burn roots, resulting in yellowing and scorching leaves and plant death. Under the conditions of poor indoor ventilation, high temperature, high humidity and poor light, brown spot is easy to occur in leaves, but it usually occurs from April to May. The symptoms are as follows: most of them occur on new leaves, oval yellow-brown spots appear on the leaf surface, and then expand continuously. and there are more small black spots in the front of the leaf, the back of the disease spot is purple, and the whole leaf withered and fell off after yellowing. Prevention and treatment: find a small number of diseased leaves, pick and burn them in time. At the initial stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim wettable powder was sprayed 500 times, once every 10 days, 3 to 4 times in a row. A small number of disease spots on family potted plants can be smeared with Dakening cream, which can inhibit the expansion of disease spots. The withered and yellow leaves may be caused by the following reasons: first, for the newly potted plants bought from the south, the root system is seriously damaged, coupled with long-distance transportation, cold weather and other reasons. Second, the yellowing and fallen leaves are caused by chilling injury when the indoor temperature is lower than 5 ℃ in winter. Third, too much watering causes rotten roots to cause plants to yellowing and falling leaves. Fourth, the water quality is too alkaline, resulting in slow yellowing of leaves. Fifth, improper fertilization, fertilization is too much or too thick, resulting in water loss, atrophy and necrosis of nutrient fibrous roots. For the plants whose leaves are yellowing and falling off, you can check their roots. If the roots have partially rotted, cut off the rotten parts and replant them with clean and fresh culture soil. Near the root cut, a circle of moist fine sand should be around, which can promote wound healing and germinate new roots. All the dead branches and leaves can be cut off. After changing the basin, spray more water and less water to keep the basin soil moist. After the middle of April, when the outdoor temperature is not less than 15 ℃, it can be transferred to the outside, and the normal fertilization can not be restored until the new leaves grow.

Zebra evergreen, also known as Dawangdai powder leaf, dumb sugarcane, is a perennial herb of Araceae, with cylindrical stems, fleshy stems and often white rings on the stems, which are traces of leaf backwardness. The evergreen leaves of zebras are long and oval, with irregular white or goose yellow spots and stripes scattered on both sides of the green main vein, which is particularly graceful and elegant, like zebra stripes, so it is known as zebra evergreen. Zebra evergreen is native to Colombia and likes warm and humid climate. the optimum temperature for growth is 25 ℃ to 30 ℃. In winter, the indoor temperature should be maintained at about 15 ℃, with the lowest 10 ℃. Potted soil can be mixed with 7 parts of rotten leaf soil and 3 parts of loam soil and 1 part of Gaza. Zebra leaves like semi-shady environment, avoid direct sunlight, and can be cultivated indoors all the year round. Resistant to moisture, a water plate can be placed at the bottom of the basin, in which water is released, so that the water can constantly infiltrate the basin soil from the small holes in the basin floor. Watering should be controlled in winter, and the lower the temperature is, the less watering should be paid. Some leaves may turn yellow and fall off in winter, but as long as they are not frozen, they can be reissued in the next spring. If you put it indoors for the winter, the growth is weak, and there is a tendency of overgrowth, you can put it in the outdoor semi-shady place for a period of time in the growing season, and then move back to the room after the vitality is restored. Fertilization can be carried out in the growing season, depending on the growth trend, once or twice a month, apply more rotten liquid fertilizer or compound fertilizer to promote green leaves, but nitrogen fertilizer should not be used more. Its "flower" is a typical spike inflorescence of Araceae. There are few or no seeds, so it is difficult to propagate with seeds. Propagation is basically asexual reproduction, and the main methods are tissue culture and cutting. The success coefficient of tissue culture is large and the cost is low, but certain equipment and conditions are needed. The cutting method is to cut the old stem into small segments of 10 to 15 centimeters in spring, obliquely insert it in the sandy soil, keep it moist, wait for rooting and long leaves, and transplant it into a pot, or cut the stem into a small section with one or two nodes in the growing season, with a length of about five or six centimeters. Hang for a few days after the cut is dry and grow directly in the basin, keep it moist, and you can soon send roots and leaves. The stem segment with leaves can also be cut and inserted in a transparent glass water bottle and fixed with white rice stone for architectural decoration. In about half a month, it can be seen to grow white as jade fibrous roots, which can not only watch the leaves but also appreciate the roots. Because its juice is toxic, care should be taken not to touch the skin, mouth and eyes during operation. There are more than 30 varieties belonging to the same genus as zebra leaf evergreen, which also has certain ornamental value, but this species is the largest, with thick and hard leaves, elegant and beautiful stripes and luster, tall plants and stout stems, so it is an ideal indoor ornamental product.

Dryopteris Dryopteris: also known as Anoplophora, it is a perennial herbaceous foliage plant of the genus Dryopteris of the family Pteridaceae. Dryopteris Dryopteris is a small and medium-sized terrestrial fern with a height of 10 mi 40 cm. Rhizome horizontal, dense brown scaly hair, petiole slender and hard, like thread, hence the name Dryopteris. Its ecological habit is to like warm, humid and semi-shady environment. Dryopteris Dryopteris is mainly propagated by ramet. Ramet should be combined with pot change before new buds germinate in spring. Deduct the plants full of pots from the pot, remove most of the old culture soil, cut off their rhizomes, divide them into two to several clumps, and pot them respectively. In addition, the spores of Dryopteris fern are scattered to reproduce and grow in a warm and humid environment after maturation, and they can also be planted in pots when they grow to a certain extent. Dryopteris prefers loose, permeable and fertile calcareous sandy loam, and the cultivated soil can be mixed with loam, rotten leaf soil and river sand. Liquid fertilizer is applied once a week during the growing period, and pay attention to keep the basin soil moist and high air humidity. In the dry season, water can often be sprinkled on the ground around the plant to increase air humidity. Dryopteris likes bright scattered light and avoids direct sunlight. The light is so strong that the leaves turn yellow and even die. It likes warmth and cold tolerance, the suitable temperature for growth is 13 ℃ 22 ℃, and the overwintering temperature is 5 ℃ in winter.

Mountain kelp (dragon blood tree) mountain kelp (Dracaena draco), is one of the species of dragon blood tree, dragon blood orchid genus of tequila family. Mountain and kelp, originally a kind of wild plant in the tropical forest of Hainan Island, has become a shade plant suitable for indoor decoration after artificial domestication and breeding. Morphological features: evergreen trees. The height of the plant can reach 10m and it is slightly branched. Ye Duomi was born on a flat top, sword-shaped, long 45cm~60cm, wide 3cm~4cm, hard and straight, bright green. Panicle, flowers white and greenish. Young foliage trees with no stem or short stem are common in cultivation. Key points of multiplication: cuttings, striping, sowing and propagation can be used. Cutting can use mature coarse branches in early spring, remove leaves, cut and grow 5cm~10cm segments, put them flat in a hotbed with bottom temperature, keep the temperature at 25 ~ 30 degrees Celsius and moist air, and take root in about 1 month. Cuttings outdoors in summer should be shaded by shade. Sowing seeds can be collected on older plants and sown in spring. The cultivated soil should be mixed with rotten leaf soil, clayey loam and sand. Application value: Dragon blood tree is not only foliage flowers, but also flowers, it is suitable to be used as the background material for the layout of the main platform of the large-scale meeting hall, which is very spectacular. The base of leaves, stems and branches can extract traditional Chinese medicine, which has the effect of hemostasis.

Palm bamboo [alias] Guanyin bamboo palm bamboo [family genus] Palm bamboo genus [Origin] Southeast, southern and southwestern China Japan [growth habits] like warm, humid, semi-shaded, well-ventilated environment, drought tolerance, fear of hot sun, the optimum growth temperature is 25mur30 degrees, winter night temperature is not less than 5 degrees, but can withstand short-term low temperature of about 0 degrees, avoid long-term cold wind and frost Generally potted plants can survive the winter safely in the house [soil] like fertile and well-drained sandy loam, and grow well in slightly acidic sandy loam rich in humus [temperature and environment] like warm, humid, semi-shady and ventilated environment. Grow well in a semi-overcast environment, avoid direct sunlight in summer and autumn, it is best to avoid about 70% shade, especially avoid hot sun exposure in summer, otherwise the leaves will turn yellow and the plants will grow slowly. in winter and spring, it is better to get more light [water and fertilizer] during the peak growth period from May to September, keep the soil moist, rather wet than dry, but do not accumulate water or it is easy to rot roots. High temperature period should also often use water to spray leaves and the ground, increase air humidity, and appropriately reduce the amount of water in autumn and winter. When brown bamboo is applied liquid fertilizer twice a month during its growth, it can make the leaves green and green. In winter, it is necessary to stop fertilization [pest control] A well-ventilated environment has few diseases and insect pests, such as poor ventilation and easy occurrence of shell insects and aphids. If a small amount occurs, it should be scraped manually in time, pay attention to ventilation, timely pruning withered branches and leaves [economic value] this species is a traditional fine foliage plant in China, with compact and beautiful plant shape. The leaf shape is beautiful, full of tropical charm and bamboo chic. Potted plants are suitable for display and viewing in family rooms, offices, conference rooms, foyer, etc.

Spring feather English name: Lacy tree philodendron family genus: Araceae: Philodenron selloum Koch spring feather formerly known as pinnatifid taro (feather split vine green down), native to Brazil, Paraguay and other places, perennial herbs. The plant can reach 1 meter in height, the stem is thick and erect, and the diameter is up to 10 cm. There are obvious leaf scars and wired air roots on the stem. The leaf extends in all directions at the top of the stem and has a petiole about 40 cm long and 50 cm long. the leaf body is fresh and glossy, ovate and heart-shaped, up to 60 cm long and 40 cm wide, but the average potted plant is only about half the size, and the whole leaf is pinnately parted and leathery. The leaves of young seedlings were thinner and triangular, and the leaves became larger with the growth, and the more pinnatifid and deeper the pinnatifid. Chunyu likes high temperature and humid environment, light requirements are not strict, not cold-resistant, dark-resistant, indoor light is only in weak places, can be raised in pots, like fertile, loose, well-drained slightly acidic soil, winter temperature is not less than 5 ℃. Cuttage propagation is commonly used. From May to September, cut the sturdy stem 2Mel 3 nodes, insert them directly into the water moss or coarse sand, keep them moist, and take root in about 20 days. Keep the basin soil moist during the growing period, especially in summer, and often spray water on the foliar surface, fertilizing once a month. The plant grows rapidly, needs to change pots every spring, grows slowly in winter, should stop fertilization and reduce water, and family cultivation should be renewed for 3-4 years. Common leaf spot disease and scale insect damage. Leaf spot disease was sprayed with 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution, and shell insects were sprayed with 50% 1000 times solution. Spring feather leaves are very shade-resistant, suitable for indoor hall decoration, especially suitable for decorating music teahouses and hotel lounges. The species of the same genus are Colocasia rubrum.

Yushu, also known as swallow palm, sedum tree and so on, is a plant of crassulaceae and green lock dragon. Originally from South Africa, it is now cultivated all over the country. Evergreen shrubs. Stem Terete, grayish green, articulate. Leaves opposite, flattened, fleshy, elliptic, entire, apex slightly acute, base rounded clasping stem. It's red. Like warm and dry, sunny and ventilated. Like loose sandy cultivated soil. Avoid getting the soil too wet. Cutting is the main method of propagation. Twigs or leaves can be used for cutting. The cuttings should be dried in the shade before insertion. It can be cut in moist yellow sand or perlite in spring or autumn. The cultivation and management of swallow palm is simple and extensive, but there is indeed some work to be done in order to achieve plump and robust plant shape and full bloom of trees as scheduled. First of all, the swallow palm grows faster, change the basin every spring, add fertile soil, and put it in a sunny place for maintenance. Apply thin fertilizer and water every 10 days and half a month, and water every 2 to 3 days, so that you can see dry and wet. High temperature in midsummer, swallow palm in a semi-dormant state, afraid of strong light burning leaves, at this time to do a good shade maintenance. Stop fertilizing in summer and pay attention to ventilation to prevent leaves from yellowing and falling off. If it rains heavily, avoid torrential rain, so as to avoid stagnant water in the roots and death. When autumn turns cool from August to October, the palm of the swallow begins to grow again. It is necessary to strengthen the light again and remove the shading equipment. At this time, fertilization and watering are in principle the same as in spring. Frosts Descent before entering the greenhouse, put it indoors in the sunny place, stop fertilizing, watering should be controlled, basically once a month, the amount of water is 1/2 of that in summer. Swallow palm is not cold-resistant in winter, the temperature should be kept above 7 ℃. Shaping and pruning once a year, when changing pots in spring or entering the greenhouse at the end of autumn, in order to keep the plant shape simple and elegant all the year round. Swallow palm has fewer diseases and insect pests, and sometimes it will encounter anthracnose and leaf spot disease. It can be sprayed with 1000 times of methyl topiramate wettable powder. If the indoor ventilation is poor, the stems and leaves are vulnerable to shell insects. It is found that pests should be washed manually immediately, and when the damage is serious, 40% omethoate emulsion 1000 times can be used to spray and control. Yushu, whose leaves contain Euphorbia officinalis, can cause skin redness, swelling and pain when the human body comes into contact with the juice from the leaves, and can also cause blindness if spattered into the eyes. Although the appearance of Yushu is not amazing, because this succulent plant has strong posture, drought tolerance, easy cultivation, plump branches and leaves, green leaves all the year round, and the inflated stem nodes on its stem have the posture of an ancient tree stump, so nowadays, potted Yushu is more common on the balcony of urban and rural residents in the south of the Yangtze River. Although Yushu is easy to propagate, easy to plant and easy to manage, it is still common for Yushu on the balcony of some households to face the wind in spring, summer and autumn, but it wilts and turns pale after winter, and even becomes a "shirtless chicken". This is mainly because flower growers only see the easy side of Yushu and ignore its fragile side. After entering the severe cold, they still put it on the open balcony, allowing it to be attacked by the cold wind, causing Yushu to suffer frost damage. After the freezing injury, the fleshy leaves and tender stems of Yushu began to show the same trauma as scalded by boiling water, and then gradually became soft, shriveled, and finally fell off, leaving only the naked main stem in serious cases. Therefore, it is very important to do well the overwintering work of potted jade trees on the balcony, and we should mainly focus on the following links: 1. Move the basin into the room in time. After entering winter, Yushu should be moved to an indoor thermal insulation that can maintain 7 ℃ to 10 ℃. In warmer days, Yushu can be moved to the balcony at noon to bask in the sun, and the night still moves indoors. two。 Control the dry humidity of the basin soil. In winter, the basin soil is mainly slightly dry, and timely spray fine mist to replenish water. In general, there is no need to directly water the basin soil. 3. Move into the greenhouse to keep warm. Conditional pots can be moved into the greenhouse, no conditions can also be sealed with plastic film cover, but need to pay attention to the humidity in the cover, found that the water is too wet, it is necessary to remove the cover in time to change air to prevent rotten leaves. 4. If Yushu has suffered frost damage due to the mistake of early anti-freezing measures, do not discard the plant easily. As long as the frozen leaves and twigs are removed, the full main stem is preserved and fertilized properly in the coming spring, new branches and leaves can still germinate on the main stem. Generally, after 1 to 2 years of cultivation, it can develop into a perfect jade tree.

Yemeni iron Latin name: Dracaena Yemeni iron leaf is wide striped, dark green, sessile, leaf margin microwave-shaped. The leaves can be up to 80 centimeters long. Suitable for high temperature and high humidity environment. Sufficient light and shade are acceptable. The dormancy temperature of 13 ℃ is suitable, the minimum is not less than 5 ℃, the four seasons are green, the adaptability is strong, the management is simple, the growth is slow and the life is long. The conservation method of Yemeni iron, an excellent foliage plant indoor and outdoor, is the same as that of mountain and kelp (dragon blood tree).

Artemisia angustifolia is a foliage plant native to tropical Africa, evergreen perennial, with underground tubers. The shoot has no main stem, the adventitious buds germinate from the tuber to form large compound leaves, the leaflets are fleshy with short petiolule, firm and dark green, bright luster and high ornamental value. Suitable for growth under different light intensity, strong negative tolerance, known as "Yin-tolerant king", is a newly introduced high-grade indoor ornamental plant. The tree has a large tuber, which germinates numerous buds and forms groups of small tubers, and its compound leaves have a life span of more than 2-3 years, and are constantly renewed by new leaves. Money seedlings do not grow fast, can be used for small, medium pot cultivation and ornamental, but also suitable for large pots. The ecological habit of Artemisia mandshurica is native to the tropical (grassland) climate region with less rainfall in eastern Africa. It likes the environment where the temperature is slightly dry, half-shaded and the annual temperature change is small. It is more resistant to drought, but is afraid of cold, avoid strong light exposure, and is afraid of soil viscosity and stagnant water in the basin soil. if the basin soil is not permeable, it is easy to cause its tuber to rot. The soil is required to be loose and fertile, well drained, rich in organic matter and acidic to slightly acidic. The sprouting power is strong, after cutting off the thick compound leaves, the tip of the tuber will soon produce new leaves. Propagation technique in April, when the outdoor temperature is more than 18 ℃, remove the large plant from the pot, shake off most of the persistent soil, break it from the weak combination of tuber sheep, and apply sulfur powder or plant ash on the wound, and plant it in another pot. Be careful not to bury it too deep when planting, with the tip of its tuber buried in the soil 1.5~2cm. That's it. In addition, according to the characteristics of latent buds on the tubers, a large single tuber can be divided into small pieces with 2 or 3 latent buds, and after the wound is drier, it is first buried in slightly moist fine sand, and then planted in a pot after the small tubers to be cut grow into independent plants. Cutting cuttings can use a single leaflet, a leaf axis plus 2 leaves or a single leaf axis. From the rooting effect, the cuttings with leaves on the leaf axis can take root faster, sprout higher in the north, and it is easier to open into larger tubers. After cutting a single leaf on the mixed medium mixed with river sand and vermiculite, a rooting bulb can be formed at the base of the leaf after 10-14 days, and it can grow into a small plant after 2-3 months of cultivation, but the seedling rate is not high in general. If the leaf axis or leaves with leaves are used as cuttings for cutting, the substrate can be made of general fine sand, or peat soil, perlite and river sand can be mixed at the ratio of 3:1:1 to prepare the substrate. The cuttings are buried at a depth of 1pm, leaving only the leaves outside the substrate, sprayed in a shaded place after spraying water, maintaining the ambient temperature of 25 ℃ ~ 27 ℃, and spraying the leaves once or twice a day depending on the dryness and humidity of the substrate. Keep the substrate slightly moist and must not be too wet, otherwise it will cause cuttings to rot and lead to cuttings failure. When the cuttings form a certain root system, the middle of the root gradually expands to form a spherical tuber, and the tuber increases gradually. some of the young cutting leaves will wither and die due to high temperature or poor water management, but the tuber can survive. Old mature leaves and cuttings with total petioles can also maintain green and vitality. A small number of tubers can sprout and grow new leaves in the same year, but the growth is weak and slow, and the tubers grow sturdy new buds and grow normally the next year. The suitable temperature for cultivation and management is 20-32 ℃. No matter it is potted or planted on the ground, the average annual temperature change should be small, and productive cultivation should be carried out in a greenhouse with controllable temperature. Every summer, when the temperature is more than 35 ℃, the growth of the plant is poor. Measures such as covering the black net to shade the light and spraying water to the surrounding environment should be taken to reduce the temperature so as to create a suitable environment with suitable space temperature and dryness. It is best to maintain the greenhouse temperature above 10 ℃ in winter. If the room temperature is lower than 5 ℃, it is easy to cause cold damage and seriously endanger the survival of the plant. In late autumn and early winter, when the temperature drops below 8 ℃, it should be transferred to the room with sufficient light, and the temperature should be kept between 8 ℃ and 10 ℃ during the whole overwintering period, which is more safe and reliable. Light money tree likes light and has strong shade tolerance, so it should create a sunny but shaded environment to a certain extent. It avoids strong light, especially should avoid the hot sun exposure after long rain and early sunshine in late spring and early summer and the unsheltered strong light baking for 5-6 hours before and after noon in summer, otherwise it is very easy to cause burns of newly drawn young leaves. In productive cultivation, it should be placed under a shade of 50% to 70% shade from the end of spring to the Mid-Autumn Festival, but it should not be too dark, otherwise it will lead to slender leaves, yellow leaves and sparse leaflet spacing, thus affecting the compactness and beauty of the plant. Supplementary light should be given to potted plants transferred to the greenhouse in winter. If the water in the basin soil is kept dry, the plant can be kept disease-free for a long time. In addition, the newly extracted pinnate compound leaves do not show obvious phototaxis, and the plant type is good. In order to preserve potted cash tree, efforts should be made to create a moist and dry environment for it. In productive cultivation, the plants placed in the greenhouse should be sprayed with water once a day when the room temperature is more than 33 ℃. Because the plant has strong drought tolerance, it is better to keep the basin soil slightly wet and dry, but the occasional excessive watering and fertilizer will not cause root rot. In winter, we should pay attention to spraying water to the leaf surface and the surrounding environment, so that the relative air humidity can reach more than 50%. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, we should reduce watering, or spray water instead of watering, in order to spend the winter safely in the newly drawn tender leaves yesterday. In addition, in winter, special attention should be paid to the basin soil not to be too wet, and it is better to be too dry, otherwise, under the condition of low temperature, the basin soil is more likely to lead to plant root rot, and even the whole plant death soil due to the special climatic conditions of the origin of the tree, so it forms a strong drought resistance, so the basic requirement for the cultivation substrate is good permeability. The basic requirement of cultivation substrate is good permeability. The cultivation medium was mainly mixed with peat, coarse sand or washed cinder and a small amount of garden soil, and its PH value was adjusted to between 6 and 6.5, showing a slightly acidic state. Because of its large tuber, developed root system and long pinnate compound leaves, its growth should be observed in time during the growing season to decide whether to change the basin or not. Always maintain the good permeability of the cultivation substrate, in order to create a good root environment with good air permeability and water filtration. Check frequently during the rainy season, and when it is found that there is stagnant water in the basin, turn the basin and change the soil in time. Fertilizer Qianshu is more fond of fertilizer. In addition to adding an appropriate amount of retted cake fertilizer or multi-component slow-release compound fertilizer to the cultivation substrate, the mixed solution of 02.0% urea and 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be applied 2 or 3 times a month during the growing season, or 20-10-20 (20-20-20) with a concentration of 200~250ppm combined with calcium nitrate. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, in order to enable it to survive the winter safely, the application of nitrogen fertilizer should be stopped and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution should be applied continuously for 2 to 3 times to promote the hardening and enrichment of its young leaf axis and newly drawn leaves. When the temperature drops below 15 ℃, all forms of topdressing should be stopped so as not to damage the roots under the condition of low temperature. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests when the temperature drops below 5 ℃ in winter, coupled with the dampness of the basin soil, it is easy to lead to the collapse of plant-like young leaves due to freezing and cold, and when it is serious, it will cause tuber rot and it is difficult to restore vitality. Control methods: during productive cultivation, the greenhouse temperature should be maintained at no less than 10 ℃ during overwintering, and the basin soil should be kept slightly dry. Burns in hot summer, or sunny weather after a long rain, or potted dwarf plants that have just moved outdoors for restorative maintenance for a long time, are directly exposed to the sun, which can easily cause their fat and tender leaves to be burned. as a result, part of the leaves lose green and whiten, or the whole leaves are burned, and the necrotic parts turn brown and black in the later stage. Brown spot disease often occurs on the leaves, the spot is nearly round, grayish brown to yellowish brown, the edge color is slightly dark. The disease is easy to occur under the conditions of high temperature, high humidity and poor ventilation. Prevention and control methods: when a small number of diseased leaves are found, they should be removed and destroyed in time, and 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times or 40% chlorothalonil suspension 500 times at the initial stage of the disease should be sprayed every 10 days for 3 times 4 times in a row. The control effect is better. Prevention and treatment: after entering summer, the plant should be transferred to a semi-shady environment in time, and the plant should be planted with shade as soon as possible when it rains for a long time in late spring and early summer. In the environment of poor ventilation and poor light, the leaves of the money tree are easy to be pierced by the scale insect. Control methods: during the peak incubation period of nymphs, 1000 times of chlorpromazine wettable powder can be sprayed during productive cultivation, and the insecticidal effect is good. Happiness tree generally refers to the "bean tree" of the family Liriodendron and Phaseolus. Bean tree, also known as chili tree and elder umbrella, is a deciduous tree native to southern China. From the pictures collected, "Happiness Tree" mainly refers to bean tree, and its scientific name is Radermachera sinica. Twigs with mucilage, 1 to 3-pinnately compound leaves, leaflets entire, stipitate, bark light gray, deeply longitudinally lobed. Capsule oblong, leathery, 85 cm long and ca. 1 cm in diameter. It is mainly distributed in Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places, as well as in Bhutan. Because its leaves are green and clean, covered with metallic luster, both light-loving and shade-tolerant, the potted young trees are advanced foliage plants. Bean trees like high temperature and humid environment, and can be propagated by cutting, sowing, striping and other methods. The cultivation of sandy loam soil is better, which can be full-day sunshine or semi-shade, and the suitable growth temperature is 18 ℃ to 28 ℃. It is suitable for pruning and shaping before spring germination. During the indoor display, in addition to keeping the basin soil moist, you should often spray water on the foliage and place it in a place with sufficient light. In particular, it should be pointed out that in winter, the temperature of the greenhouse should be kept at least 8 ℃, otherwise chilling injury or even death of the whole plant will occur, and watering should be controlled to ensure that the topsoil is not dry or irrigated. If the room is too dry, spray water to the plant and its surrounding environment; no fertilizer.

Malachite trees are small evergreen trees or shrubs of the genus Araliaceae. It is as high as 3m. Leaves alternate, palmately compound with 11 leaflets, resembling slender fingers, with coarsely serrated leaf margin, radiating and staggered. The leaves are leathery and dark green with a copper metallic luster on the leaves. When it grows to more than 2m, the fine leaves will turn into broad leaves, which is its special characteristic. It is suitable to be arranged in more spacious conference halls, restaurants and other brighter places. it can also be used as the lobby decoration of guesthouses and buildings. The specific measures of cultivation and management are as follows: 1. Like humus loam, it is best to use the mixture of rotten leaf soil, garden soil and river sand. Rarefied liquid fertilizer was applied every half month from April to August. 2. Like bright, avoid exposure, the suitable temperature for childbearing is about 20-28 ℃, the air humidity is high, and the fertility is stronger. In summer, if the outdoor shade is 50%, the indoor temperature is generally maintained from 20 ℃ to 30 ℃, and the overwintering temperature should not be lower than 15 ℃. If it is lower than 8 ℃, it is vulnerable to freezing injury. 3. Require basin soil to be moist, avoid dryness and avoid waterlogging. Too dry, easy to make the leaf tip dry, often spray to the leaf surface and around the plant to maintain air humidity. Watering should be reduced as much as possible in winter, as cold and wet can easily lead to fallen leaves. 4. Plants that grow too thin can be re-pruned when the new leaves germinate, leaving about 10 cm at the base, such as the upper branches should also be strongly cut to promote branches and leaves. 5. The cuttage method is used to propagate. From May to June every year, the annual Lignification branches are cut and cut in the environment of 20 ℃. They can take root and survive in about 30 days. Sowing can also be used to propagate, but the seeds are not easy to get and must be kept fresh. 6. The potted plant should be changed once every 2-3 years, and the branches should be trimmed after changing the soil. After planting for many years, if the plant ages and its vitality turns bad, strong cutting should be carried out in spring and fertilizer should be fully given to promote the sprouting of new branches and leaves and make the tree more beautiful.

Tortoise back bamboo alias Penglai banana, electric orchid, for Araceae, tortoise back bamboo is an evergreen vine. Origin and habits: originating from Mexico and Central America. Its nature likes to be warm, shaded, moist, avoid direct sunlight, and requires fertile soil and good drainage. Morphological characteristics: the length of tortoise back bamboo vine can reach more than 10 meters. The stem is stout, the air root can reach 1-2 meters, horizontal, fine column, brown. When the leaves are young, they are heart-shaped, non-porous, pinnately split when they grow up, and there are perforations, leathery and drooping between the veins of the leaves. Propagation technology: the tortoise back bamboo is propagated by striping and cutting. The striping was carried out from May to August, and the mother plant could be cut off after about 3 months. The cuttage was carried out from April to May. The scion was cut from the apex of the stem node, with 2-3 stem nodes in each segment, the aerial root was removed, and the leaves were cut into the sand bed to maintain a certain temperature and humidity, and then moved into the bowl after rooting. Management technology: potted turtle back bamboo, rotten leaf soil is the best. During the growth period, sufficient water should be left along the mouth with a depth of 5 to 6 centimeters when potting and changing pots, and the cultivation soil should always be kept moist, watering once every 2 to 3 days; when the weather is dry, water should also be sprayed to the leaves to keep the air moist and master the watering principle that it is better to be wet than dry, so as to facilitate the growth of branches and leaves and bright leaves. The amount of water can be gradually reduced in autumn and winter. Excessive watering causes rotten roots, but it is still necessary to maintain moist air and spray water on the leaves every 7 to 10 days to keep the plants and leaves fresh and evergreen. Tortoise back bamboo is more fond of fertilizer. In order to make it grow vigorously, dilute liquid fertilizer was applied twice a month from April to September. Pay attention to shading in the growing season, semi-overcast is better, avoid strong light, especially in midsummer can not be placed in the sun, otherwise it is easy to cause leaf scorch and burn, affecting the ornamental value. Large potted plant with a 1.3-1.5-meter stick, inserted in the basin, planted on the tortoise back bamboo, a lodging prevention, two attached columns to grow luxuriantly. Or cut the stem too high to propagate and let the mother plant sprout new stems and leaves again. It should be kept indoors above 10 ℃ in winter, but keep the temperature above 5 ℃ at least, otherwise the leaves will freeze and scorch, and the basin soil should be dry. Brown spot and anthracnose often occur during the growing period of tortoise back bamboo, which can be controlled by spraying 1000 times of 50% thiophanate and 75% chlorothalonil, or 50% carbendazim 800 times. Due to poor ventilation in summer and winter, shell insects and Noctuidae larvae often suck juice and eat tender leaves on the back of the stem, which can be caught or brushed manually. It is best to use 1500 times of omethoate EC or 2000 times of isocarbophos EC, or 40% EC 1500 times to spray tortoise back bamboo is a shade-tolerant foliage plant. Generally speaking, it can be kept indoors for long-term maintenance, but during the growing period, it is best to place it in a ventilated place near the window. To receive outdoor air and light. In the summer and autumn growth season, such as poor ventilation, its growth will be affected, the new leaves are thinner, light and no light, reducing the appreciation value. Raising turtles and carrying bamboo at home can purify the air to a certain extent. Commonly used small and medium-sized pot planting, in the indoor living room, bedroom and study, can also be large pot cultivation, placed in hotels, restaurants, halls and indoor, or under the garden pool and trees, quite tropical scenery. Leaves can also be used as flower arranging wood. Tortoise back bamboo, which is widely introduced and cultivated in China, is a famous indoor potted foliage plant. Tortoise back bamboo is famous for its shade resistance, suitable for indoor living room, aisle decoration and embellishment. The south is mostly in the courtyard, scattered in the park pool, stream ditch, rock side and stone gap. Tortoise back bamboo leaves on the holes and missing carvings, there are virtual and real, novel and interesting, gas root hanging in the basin mouth, simple and elegant.

Fruit vine is also known as star pineapple. Perennial epiphytic herbs. The height of the potted plant is about 30 cm, and the crown width can reach 80 cm. The leaves are arranged in a slightly loose rosette. The flowers are often more than 20 centimeters higher than the leaves, and the leaves at the base of the flowers, bracts and flowers are all red and very gorgeous; there are yellow florets between the bracts; the florescence is spring; although the real flowers bloom for a short time, but the colored flowers and bracts are kept for a long time, and the ornamental period is about 2 months. It is suitable for cultivation under the condition of bright scattered light indoors, and can be enjoyed by the bright window for years. If the light is too dark, it is not easy to blossom. There are "Red Star" fruit vine, "torch" fruit vine, "Dennis" fruit vine. Temperature: the normal growth temperature is above 20 ℃ in daytime and above 15 ℃ at night, the temperature during flowering is 25-30 ℃, and the lowest overwintering temperature is above 10 ℃. Light: like bright light. Avoid direct sunlight in summer, shading about 50%, not shading in winter. Moisture: always keep water in the blade tube and change it once a week; watering when the surface of the basin soil is 1cm dry; irrigate with soft water or Rain Water. Air humidity: often spray water to the leaves and around the plant, you can spray fertilizer to the leaves. Change the basin: if there is no ramet propagation after flowering, change the basin when the pillar grows to be very dense. Reproduction: when the tiller buds at the base are more than 10 cm high, cut them off from the base and slightly dry the wound with a pot of peat soil without fertilizer. Keep the tide, it can take root in a month or so.

Hawaiian coconut Chevrolet coconut bamboo stem exquisite coconut [family] wax palm subfamily Kan palm genus [origin] tropical regions such as Mexico and Guatemala like high temperature, high humidity, shade tolerance and fear of direct sunlight It is suitable to use sandy loam with loose, ventilated, permeable and humus-rich sandy loam [temperature and environment] when potted at 2 degrees Celsius for a short time. This kind of sandy loam [temperature and environment] likes high temperature and high humidity environment, and the optimum growth temperature is 20 degrees. It can grow normally when the temperature is above 10 degrees in winter, and it can also withstand the low temperature of 0 degrees for a short time. It has strong negative resistance and can grow in a dark indoor environment for a long time. But bright scattered light is good for growth. To avoid direct light, otherwise the leaf color becomes light or yellowing [watering and fertilization] during the growing period, it is required to keep the basin soil moist, and foliar spraying should be carried out frequently when the air is dry, so as to improve the air humidity of the environment, benefit plant growth, and keep the leaf surface thick green and glossy; properly reduce watering in late autumn and winter to keep the basin soil moist, so as to enhance the plant's ability to resist cold and survive the winter. From March to October, liquid fertilizer or granular compound fertilizer is applied every two weeks to promote leaf growth and leaf color dark green [pest control] this species may have brown spot and downy mildew under high temperature and high humidity. This species can be sprayed with 1000 times liquid of carbendazim or topazine to control [economic value] this species has bamboo-like stems, dense branches and leaves, dark green leaves, shiny and elegant pinnae. Give people a sense of beauty of being upright, elegant, light and elegant. Because of its strong negative tolerance, it is very suitable for courtyard greening and indoor potted plants.

Lvyuanbao original name: chestnut tree alias: Australian chestnut, Lvyuanbao, pistachio scientific name: Castanospermum australe name: it is called Lvyuanbao because its seeds are similar to the shape of Yuanbao, so it is used for good luck. Distribution: originated in Australia: one said: butterfly family another said: Leguminosae chestnut tree type: belongs to the middle tree, odd pinnately compound leaves, leaflets alternate, lanceolate long oval, about 8cm long, entire, leathery. The pod is 20 centimeters long, and the seed (that is, Lvyuanbao) is oval, as big as an egg, and can be baked. Uses: the young chestnut tree can be used as a small potted plant, as an indoor plant; the adult plant can grow to more than 12 meters, suitable for garden ornamental plants or street trees. Sunshine: young plants are shade-tolerant, sunshine is about 50-70%; adult sunshine must be adequately managed: sexual preference for high temperature, the most suitable temperature for growth is 22-30 degrees. The ornamental focus of chestnut seedlings is on the bulbs at the inflated base and the buds that grow, so keep them clean and shiny, be careful of mud splashing when watering every day, and keep the surface in the basin smooth. Moisture: suitable for growing in loose and fertile loam or sandy loam with good drainage. Avoid long-term humidity in winter. Fertilization: fertilizing once every 2 to 3 months during the growing period: propagation by sowing, spring and autumn are the most suitable

Cyclamen cyclamen: also known as rabbit ear flower, radish begonia, etc., scientific name Cyclamen Persicum, Primulaceae cyclamen belongs to perennial herbs, unique flower shape. Leaves from the top of the tuber, heart-shaped, ovate or reniform, leaf margin serrulate, leaf surface green, with white or gray halo spots, green or purple back, petiole long, reddish brown, fleshy. The flower is solitary on the top of the flower stem, with drooping petals and upward curling petals, especially rabbit ears; the flowers are white, pink, rose, scarlet, purple, snow cyan and other colors, often with deep red spots at the base; the petal edges are diverse, with full margin, lack of engraving, wrinkles and waves. Cyclamen originated in southern Europe, the Mediterranean coast and other places. Sex likes a warm, humid, cool and soft light environment. The suitable temperature for growth is 15 ℃ ~ 20 ℃, not resistant to cold, afraid of high temperature and hot sun. It is suitable for slightly acidic sandy loam with smooth drainage and rich humus. Cyclamen is a light-loving flower, and winter and spring is the blooming period of exuberant flowers. in order to make the buds flourish, give sufficient sunshine in the bud stage, place in the sunny place indoors, and apply phosphate fertilizer every other week. It is best to apply 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate compound fertilizer (containing zinc, boron, molybdenum, manganese, magnesium, copper, iron, sulfur and other trace elements) solution, with a dosage of about 150 milliliters per pot. Usually every one or two days watering, so that the basin soil moist, must not pour water, master basin soil to see dry watering. However, do not basin soil too dry, too dry will make root hair injury and wilting of the upper part of the plant, pouring water is also difficult to recover. When watering, the water temperature should be close to the room temperature. Nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied during flowering, otherwise it will cause branches and leaves to grow and shorten the life of flowers. If the leaves are too dense, they can be properly sparse so that nutrients are concentrated and flowers bloom. When picking leaves or residual flowers, in order to prevent the infection of soft rot, 1000 times carbendazim should be sprayed immediately. When cyclamen begins to blossom and continues to form buds, the room temperature should be kept at 15 ℃ to 18 ℃, and the lowest temperature should not be lower than 10 ℃. The flowering period should be shortened when the temperature is too high, and the leaves will turn yellow when it exceeds 28 ℃. Never put the flowerpot on the radiator.

Umbrella tree, also known as Queensland umbrella tree, Queensland shade tree, Australian duck foot tree, commonly known as wealth tree, is a woody foliage plant of the genus Araliaceae. The umbrella tree is a shrub with erect stems, less branched stems, green primary branches, and then gradually Lignification; the epidermis is brown and smooth. The leaves are palmately compound, and the number of leaflets varies greatly with growth, 5 in childhood and 12 in 9, up to 16. Leaflets long-elliptic, apex obtuse, with short process tip, base obtuse; leaf margin undulate, leathery; densely stellate pubescent when young, clean glabrous when slightly larger, leaves 15 ~ 25 cm long and 5 ~ 10 cm wide, dense and glossy, light green back, petiole reddish brown. Umbels, terminal florets, white, flowering in spring, but potted plants rarely bloom. The umbrella tree is native to Australia and some small islands in the Pacific Ocean, and is distributed in the tropical areas of southern China. Suitable for growing in a warm, humid and well-ventilated environment, Xiyang is also resistant to shade, and grows well in loose, fertile and well-drained soil. Umbrella trees can be propagated by sowing and cutting. When sowing, it is best to sow the seeds immediately after harvest, so that the germination rate is high. Cuttings can be cut in spring, summer and autumn, and general cuttings are combined with shaping. The irregular plants are cut off from 10m ~ 15cm away from the soil surface, so that the mother branches can sprout several branches and cultivate a good tree shape. The cut semi-lignified branches were cut to grow the stem segments of 8mi 10cm and 2Mel 3 outer segments, and then cut into the cuttings cultured in river sand or perlite to maintain a certain substrate humidity and air humidity, and pay attention to shading. Usually it can take root in a month or so. High pressure propagation can also be used for thick branches with a high degree of Lignification. The pot cultivation of umbrella tree can use the mixture of garden soil and rotten leaf soil as the substrate. 3Mel October is its vigorous growth period, the growth is large, generally apply fertilizer once a month, at the same time keep the soil moist, ensure sufficient moisture, and often carry out foliar spray to avoid air dryness and leaf chlorosis. Avoid direct sunlight in summer, pay attention to proper shade, generally 30% shade 40%, in order to avoid hot sun exposure and leaves lose luster or burn, yellow. Indoor furnishings should be placed in a place with diffuse light and pay attention to ventilation. At the end of autumn and winter, the amount of water should be reduced and the amount of fertilizer should be controlled; foliar fertilizer such as 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed at the end of autumn to promote the aging of branches and leaves and improve the cold resistance in winter. Anthracnose or shell insects and red spiders will occur in greenhouses and rooms under the conditions of high temperature, humidity and poor ventilation, which should be observed and prevented in time. Umbrella tree leaves are broad, soft and drooping, similar to umbrella-shaped; branches and leaves are layered, elegant, light and not thin, very layered, so it has been widely cultivated in various provinces and regions of our country in recent years. The umbrella tree is shade-resistant, convenient for management and maintenance, and can be placed continuously indoors for a long time. It is an excellent medium-and large-scale foliage plant suitable for decoration in hotels, meeting rooms, living rooms, corridors and other places. It is also an ideal ornamental plant for family living room, study, bedroom corner and so on.

Vinca major alias: twining Catharanthus roseus, Catharanthus roseus Genus: Apocynaceae, Catharanthus roseus originated from the Mediterranean coast, India, tropical America. It is cultivated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Taiwan. Evergreen trailing subshrubs, tufted. Nutritious stems lie down or lie flat on the ground. Flowering branches erect, 30 murmurs 40 cm high. Leaves opposite, elliptic, apex acute, green and glossy; petiole on flowering branches short. The whole plant is glabrous except for hairy leaf margin, petiole, calyx and Corolla throat. Flowers solitary in axils of flowering branches and leaves, Corolla salverform, blue, 5-lobed. The twins are erect. Flowering period: 4m / m-May. The cultivated variety Variegata has a slightly smaller leaf shape and yellow markings. Changchun vine prefers a warm, humid, semi-overcast and well-ventilated environment. It has strong adaptability and rapid growth, and the growth peak is from June to August and October every year. The requirement of light is not strict, especially in semi-overcast environment. Changchun vine is commonly used for cutting and ramet propagation. It can be propagated in spring, summer and autumn, and it is easy to survive. When cutting, cut 3 mi 4 semi-lignified stems as cuttings. As the root buds grow from the nodes, there must be 1 Mel and 2 sections buried in the river sand, compacted and pat, and watered and moisturized in time. Generally, it can take root and sprout after 1 Mel for 2 weeks. When the plant grows to 20ml / 30cm, it can be transplanted and planted. Transplantation can be carried out all year round except in cold winter. In addition, the dense tufted plants can be cut along the rhizome and propagated in the growing season. Changchun vine cultivation requires loose, humus-rich sandy loam, pot cultivation can use rotten leaf soil garden, river-sand mixture as the substrate. More than one plant can be planted in each pot at the same time, and the heart can be picked out at the right time, which can be formed quickly. In order to promote multi-branching, coring can be carried out many times in the growing season, and the adventitious roots can be grown by piling soil at the nodes to promote the growth of vines. Because of its rapid growth, it should be fully watered during the growing period, and liquid fertilizer should be applied three times a month to ensure the rapid growth of branches and bright green leaves. It is suitable for brightly lit environments. But in midsummer to avoid direct light, so as not to burn leaves; must be properly shaded, semi-overcast environment is the best. Although Changchun vines prefer warmth, they are also cold-resistant, and can withstand low temperatures of about 0 ℃ in winter. Changchun vine is an excellent ground cover plant material, which can be planted on the edge of the forest or under the forest, especially suitable for planting in building bases and slopes, which is beneficial to soil and water conservation.