How to do if the leaves of Catharanthus roseus turn yellow? pay attention to the following four points: easily solve / change soil / replenish water

Periwinkle is a kind of ornamental flowers, in many gardens in our country can see its figure, but in the United States flowers if the phenomenon of yellow leaves will also affect its overall beauty, then periwinkle leaves yellow how to do? The following small series takes everyone to understand.

What about yellow leaves?

With regard to the question of what to do about the yellowing of the leaves of Catharanthus roseus, first of all, we need to know what causes it, so that we can pertinently point out that there are many reasons for this phenomenon, such as underwatering, strong sunshine, diseases and insect pests and other phenomena that will cause the leaves to yellow. as for how to deal with it, we go on to look at it.

1. Soil problem

In the process of cultivating Catharanthus roseus, soil is a very important part. If you choose the flowers in the wrong clayey soil, it will make it difficult for Catharanthus roseus to absorb nutrients and cause the leaves to turn yellow.

Note: if it is the soil problem that causes the leaves of Catharanthus roseus to turn yellow, we need to change the soil in time. In terms of soil, we can choose the more fertile rotten leaf soil, which has good drainage and air permeability. It can make Catharanthus roseus better absorb nutrients.

two。 Insufficient watering

Water is an indispensable nutrient in the growth process of flowers and plants, and Catharanthus roseus is no exception. Sufficient water must be maintained in the process of cultivating Catharanthus roseus. If the water is insufficient, it will also lead to the yellowing of Catharanthus roseus leaves.

Note: although too little watering will lead to the yellowing of Catharanthus roseus leaves, it will not work if you water too much. If it causes stagnant water, it is easy to have rotten roots, so you must have the right amount of water when watering, watering thoroughly at one time, and replenish water after the soil is dry.

3. The sunshine is strong.

Although Catharanthus roseus is a kind of light-loving plant, it needs enough light in the process of growth, but when the sun is too strong in summer, if it is still exposed to the sun for a long time, it is easy to sunburn the plant and cause the leaves to turn yellow.

Note: when cultivating Catharanthus roseus in summer, you can put it outside in the morning to receive light, but in the hours when the sun is strongest at noon, it is best to move it to indoor semi-shade for breeding, otherwise it is easy to cause the leaves of Catharanthus roseus to turn yellow.

4. Occurrence of diseases and insect pests

In the process of cultivating Catharanthus roseus, diseases and insect pests are easy to occur if not maintained properly, which is also one of the main reasons for the yellowing of Catharanthus roseus leaves, and many diseases and insect pests will appear in the initial stage.

Note: if the leaves are yellowing caused by diseases and insect pests, we must deal with them in time, and we must not delay them. If the time is prolonged, it is not a simple yellowing of leaves, which is likely to cause plant death. As for the specific prevention and control methods, you can refer to the article on pest control of Catharanthus roseus, in which there is a detailed introduction.

Technology of hydroponic flower culture

Soilless cultivation method of Rich Tree

The wealth tree posture is graceful, the leaf crown is majestic, the leaf color is emerald green, put in the family living room, both elegant and generous, but also lovable.

The rich tree is a perennial evergreen shrub, native to the Malay Peninsula and the Nanyang Islands. In recent years, through cultivation and breeding, it has widely entered the urban and rural families of our country. As a family cultivation, we should pay attention to the following four points according to their living habits of high temperature, humidity, frost and dryness:

One is to pay attention to the sunshine. The rich tree likes high temperature, humidity and sunlight, so it can't be shaded for a long time. Therefore, it should be placed in a sunny place indoors during maintenance and management. When placed, the leaves must be facing the sun. Otherwise, because the leaves tend to light, the whole branches and leaves will be distorted. In addition, spray water on the leaves every 3 to 5 days, which is not only conducive to photosynthesis, but also make the branches and leaves more beautiful.

Hydroponic Culture method of Catharanthus roseus

Apocynaceae Catharanthus roseus, also known as five-petal plum.

Biological characteristics: Catharanthus roseus is native to eastern Africa. Prefer a warm, slightly dry and sunny environment. The suitable temperature for growth is 18: 24 ℃ from March to July, 13: 18 ℃ from September to March of the following year, and the winter temperature is not lower than 10 ℃.

Catharanthus roseus avoid dampness and fear of waterlogging, basin soil watering should not be too much, too wet affects growth and development. In particular, indoor winter plants should be strictly controlled watering, it is better to dry, otherwise it is easy to freeze. Open field cultivation, midsummer showers, pay attention to timely drainage, so as not to cause the whole area to die by waterlogging.

Catharanthus roseus is a light-loving plant, there must be sufficient sunshine during the growing period, the leaves are green and shiny, and the flowers are bright. If you grow in the shade for a long time, the leaves will turn yellow and fall.

Suitable for fertile and well-drained loam, resistant to barren soil, but do not be alkaline. Clayey soil with hardening and poor ventilation results in poor growth of plants, yellowing leaves and no flowering.

Propagation methods: commonly used sowing, cutting and propagation.

Cultivation management: when the seedlings have 3 pairs of true leaves, they are transplanted to 10 cm pots, 3 plants in each pot. When the seedling is 7cm high, the heart is removed once, and then twice again, so as to promote more germination and branching and more flowering. Fertilize once every semimonthly during the growing period, or use the special fertilizer of "Huiyou" potted flowers with 15mur15Mu30. Potted plants or flower beds were planted in the basin, blooming from late May to early November for more than 5 months. Remove the residual flowers at any time during the flowering period so as not to affect the plant growth and ornamental value. The harvest period of Catharanthus roseus is from August to October, and it should be picked along with ripening so as not to lose the seeds.

Pest control: often harmed by leaf rot, rust and root wart nematodes. Leaf rot was sprayed with 65% Dysen zinc wettable powder 500 times. The rust was sprayed with 2000 times the solution of 50% verapamil wettable powder. Control of root wart nematode with 50-fold solution of 80% dibromochloropropane EC

The method of hydroponics in Caiyun Pavilion

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae, also known as the triangular overlord whip. Originally from South Africa.

Features

Caiyun Pavilion is a perennial succulent plant. The stem is erect, 3-angled and 4-angled, dark green, with gray-green irregular beautiful markings in the center of the stem. The edge has a dentate process, and there are Obovate leaves at the protuberance. There are many branches, all vertical upward, forming a unique plant shape. The whole plant contains repeated milk. Caiyun Pavilion, with its peculiar shape and exotic customs, is a good product for several tables of green decoration.

Habit

Caiyun Pavilion likes to be half overcast, but it requires sufficient scattered light. Can withstand a low temperature of 5 degrees. Caiyun cabinet likes to dry and avoid wetting for a long time, but it is very suitable for hydroponic conditions.

Reproduction

Caiyun Pavilion usually uses cutting to propagate. From May to September, about 10 cm of the branches of the mother plant were taken as cuttings for cutting. The cuttings cut should not be cut immediately, for immediate cutting will cause the rot of the cut and lead to the failure of cutting. Caiyun Pavilion cut will flow out of milk, cut should be dipped in plant ash or toner, and dry in the shade for several days, after the incision is fully dry before cutting, it is very easy to take root.

Key points of water training

1: if there is a shell bug, in addition to moving it to a ventilated and transparent place, you can use a toothbrush to remove the shell bug and spray 250 liquid detergent to kill it.

2: the white emulsion in the stem of Caiyun cabinet is poisonous. Be especially careful not to look into the eye.

The method of obtaining hydroponic material

Cuttings and root washing. The cut branches should be dried in a cool and ventilated place for several days, and then inserted into the water after the incision is dry, otherwise it will rot and new roots can grow after a month.

Hydroponic Culture method of Herba Euphorbiae

Auspicious grass, also known as Guanyin grass, is a perennial green herb of the genus Liliaceae. Leaves clustered, broadly linear, midvein concave, tail acuminate, 15 to 40 cm long; stem creeping root-like, node end rooting; flowering period from September to October, flowers lilac, erect, terminal spike, about 6 cm long; fruit bright red, spherical; it originated in southwest China, sexual preference for warm, humid environment, more cold and shade tolerance, low requirements for soil, strong adaptability. As the auspicious grass plant shape is beautiful, green leaves, if we make use of its cold and shade tolerance of this growth habit, put it into a variety of goldfish tanks or other glassware for water culture, and then put it on the bar, coffee table, then there is water in the tank, stone in the water, roots in the stone, clean and clean, it is a kind of exquisite and elegant work of art. The following is the introduction of its cultivation methods.

First, material selection. Select plants with thick green leaves, exuberant growth and free of diseases and insect pests, carefully dig them out of the soil with a shovel and clean their roots. In the process of digging, we should pay attention to dig as deep as possible and bring as much soil as possible. This is done for two purposes, one is not to damage the root, which is conducive to the growth of water culture, and the other is because the water is transparent, the complete root can show a unique beauty in the water.

Second, pressing stone. Select the pebbles or Yuhua stones used to lay the garden path, wash them clean, first lay a layer on the bottom of the glass tank, put the auspicious grass on the stone, and then use the stone to stabilize its root so as not to let it lodge, and inject clear water into the glass dish until the whole root is immersed. The transparency of water determines that the pressing stone should also have certain aesthetic skills, and the author can design it through his own creativity to highlight his personality.

Third, management. As the root of auspicious grass is soaked in water for a long time, the water is easy to smell after a long time, so it is better to change the water frequently and once a week. In terms of fertilization, regularly drop a few drops of nutrient solution or potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Auspicious grass is more shade-tolerant, and its needs of photosynthesis can be met by 1 to 2 hours of fluorescent light every night.

Hydroponic method of cyclamen

Select cyclamen and containers to select 1-3-year-old cyclamen plants that are pest-free, vigorous and budding, and are best cultivated with soilless substrates such as perlite, vermiculite and sawdust. After changing the environment, it does not hurt the roots, does not slow the seedlings, and adapts quickly. Water containers are simple and economical, and can play the role of waste utilization in daily life, as long as they can hold water, such as fish tanks, teacups, beverage boxes, wine bottles and vases; transparent containers are the best, and roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits can be fully viewed. No matter what kind of container is used, its size, height and color should be consistent with cyclamen plants, so as to show the exquisitely carved, crystal and elegant charm of water-raised cyclamen.

Water culture time and methods the florescence of cyclamen is usually from October to June of the second year, so the water culture time is generally from September to April of the second year. The selected cyclamen plants are removed from the pot and washed with 20 ℃ warm water to wash the matrix adhered to by the root system. Then put it directly into a pre-prepared container, the depth of the water is flush with the rhizosphere, the deepest can not exceed 1 / 3 of the bulb to prevent the corm from rotting. Finally, put it in the right place in the room, add water and nutrient solution regularly. After the flowers failed in water for two to three months, the plants were taken out and planted in the cultivation medium for the summer.

Water quality, water temperature water cyclamen water used had better be mountain spring water or magnetized water, the water quality is clean, not turbid, not precipitated, and contains a variety of trace elements necessary for plants, there is no need to change water during the whole water culture period. Tap water contains chlorine, which is disadvantageous to the growth of flowers, and it is easy to be turbid and precipitate. It should be changed every few days and should not be used as far as possible. The water temperature should be close to the indoor temperature at that time, usually 10 ℃ to 20 ℃.

Light, indoor temperature cyclamen like the sunny environment, water containers should be placed on the indoor sunny table or windowsill, not directly on the radiator. The most suitable indoor temperature is 15 ℃ to 20 ℃, the highest is not more than 25 ℃ and the lowest is not less than 10 ℃. Adding nutrient solution to raise cyclamen should also supplement nutrition regularly during flowering. Generally, 50ml 1 ∶ 100x ornamental plant nutrient solution is added to each plant every 10 days, and mountain spring water is also used to prepare nutrient solution. If you find yellow leaves, small leaves, small flowers, etc., in the case of excluding rotten roots, you can add more nutrient solution as appropriate.

Hydroponic culture of Rabdosia angustifolia

English name: clam grass

Alias: Yinbian grass

Family and genus name: Gramineae

Latin scientific name: Arrhenatherumelatius

Characters: perennial herbs

Plant height: 50ml 100cm high

Florescence: summer (June-August)

Cold tolerance: cold tolerance (above-5 ℃)

Negative tolerance: positive

Morphological features: underground stem white rosary-shaped; aboveground stem clustered, smooth. Leaves tufted, linear-lanceolate, 30cm long, ca. 1cm wide, with yellow-white margins. Panicle long pedicellate, ca. 50cm, branched; spikelets with two flowers, bisexual or female above, male below; florescence June-July. Originally from Europe.

Habits: extremely strong, cold-resistant and drought-resistant, regardless of soil. At the height of summer, the aboveground part often withered and dormant, and sprouted and grew again in early September.

Propagation and cultivation: ramet propagation is usually carried out in 2-3 years, in March-April in spring or when the new leaves are first drawn after dormancy in September, the old plants should be dug up and separated, each plant should carry 2 Mel and 3 new buds, and be separated together with the moniliform underground stem. The old plant should be pruned every year, the leaves should not be too long, the local lower stem should be cultivated in time after exposure, the plant cluster is exuberant and beautiful. When there is too much fertilization or excessive lack of fertilizer in cultivation, the leaf white spots will disappear and show green, which will affect the ornamental effect.

The method of hydroponic culture of duck foot wood

Dragon blood tree hydroponic culture: the hydroponic plant of dragon blood tree can be obtained by referring to the above propagation method, or directly from soil culture, the specific methods are as follows:

Look at the root hydroponics, sterilize and kill insects one week before the cultivation, and select the plants with good appearance for cultivation. If the above cuttings are cultured in water (soil culture is used as the material to remove the roots and promote the roots by rapid propagation), it is best to put the planting basket into it first, and when the roots grow 5cm long and do not return to the land, put them into the mutagenesis pond for mutagenesis. At the beginning, the concentration of the nutrient solution should be lower. After the plants adapt to the growth environment in water, the concentration can be increased according to the plants, but also reduce the increase of oxygen, and finally stop the increase of oxygen. When the root is long enough to be bottled, you can bottle it!

Ceramsite planting: the root is the same as hydroponic culture before the pot, do not plant the plant too low, that is not good for the growth of the plant, when the root system of the plant grows out of the pot, it can be sold.

During the production period, take fungicides and spray foliar fertilizer every other week. Family care, in addition to referring to the product manual, but also according to its growth habits, dormancy season to stop fertilization, put in a sunny place, ceramsite planted in winter and early spring water to be less, put in the dark place for too long, leaves yellowing, no life, and the tip of the leaf is easy to blacken, like hot water, do not lack of water in the growing season.

Tricolor thousand-year-old wood alias: tricolor dragon blood tree, rainbow dragon blood tree, colorful grain Zhu Jiao

Families and genera: tequila family, dragon blood tree genus

Morphological features: small evergreen trees. The stem is thin, erect, up to 3 meters high. The leaves are 15 cm long and 1 cm wide, sword-shaped. There are milky white, yellow-white and red stripes on the green leaves. It is a unique species in the genus tequila.

Distribution and habits: native to Madagascar.

Like a warm, moist environment with bright scattered light. More resistant to shade, avoid strong light direct light. The suitable growth temperature is 18-28 degrees. The overwintering temperature should be above 10 degrees.

Propagation method: cutting

Key points of hydroponics:

The main results are as follows: 1) hydroponic culture with water insertion method is easy to take root, and the water root is white, which is rich in ornamental value. Changing water is the key to success, especially when it is just inserted, changing water every other day can increase its nutrient content until the root system grows, and after adapting to water culture, it can be changed or added once a week or every month according to season.

2), when the summer water temperature is above 35 degrees, the root system is easy to rot, so you should stop using the nutrient solution and cultivate it with only clear water, and increase the number of water changes to keep the water quality clear.

3), furnished in the brightly lit indoor position, generally speaking, change the water once a month in autumn and winter. If the water is raised in a transparent container, wipe off the substances attached to the utensils with a soft cloth while changing the water, making it transparent, which can better show the beauty of the plant roots. After changing the water, you can drop a few drops of commercially available nutrient solution into the water or add some phosphoric acid accompanied by 1000 water and potassium hydrogen to provide nutrients for plant growth. If spraying foliar fertilizer or 1000 potassium dihydrogen phosphate as extra-root topdressing in the growing season, it can grow stronger.

Can be removed: toluene, xylene, benzene, trichloroethylene, formaldehyde

The method of hydroponic Culture of Cymbidium

Cymbidium is a perennial herb with creeping rhizomes. Ye Ye Sheng, often 2 to 6 pieces in bundles, the leaf is erect, leathery, thick, the apex has a short tip, dark green, with light grayish green horizontal lines, named for markings such as tiger skin. It is 80 cm high and 3-7 cm wide. Spring and summer flowering, spikes, florets 3-8 in a bunch, white or light green, fragrant.

Tiger tail orchid likes the warm climate, the suitable temperature for growth is 20-30 degrees, it is not cold-resistant, it stops growing when it is below 13 degrees, the overwintering temperature is not lower than 8 degrees, and the temperature is too low, often rotting from the base, resulting in the death of the whole plant.

Tiger tail orchid likes light, but it should prevent hot sun exposure in summer. It is very shady and can be furnished in the shade for a long time.

Tiger tail orchid is a desert plant that can tolerate harsh environmental conditions.

Reproduction is usually propagated by means of separate plants. Ramets are usually carried out in spring and autumn. Take the plant out of the basin and separate the daughter plant from the mother plant with a sharp knife. Try to avoid damaging the root system and let the separated sub-plant carry as many roots as possible. After separation, the seeds should be placed in a dark place indoors to prevent rain and control watering, so as not to cause the rot of the incision, and wait for the new leaves to grow before they can be transferred to normal maintenance.

The cuttage method can be used in mass propagation of tiger skin orchid. The cuttings are carried out from May to July, select robust and substantial leaves, cut them into small segments of 5cm to 7cm, or use whole-leaf cuttings, the cut leaves should be placed in a dry and cool place for several days, and after the incision is dried, they are directly or obliquely inserted into the medium, and the depth of insertion is 1x3 or 1pp2 of the cut length, and water is watered once after cutting. When cutting, you should remember the upper and lower position of the cuttings, if you cut them upside down, they will not take root. Under the condition of 15-20 degrees, roots or rhizomes will grow from the base in about a month, and gradually grow into new plants. When the seedlings grow 2-3 leaves, they can be planted in pots.

Do not add too much water, soak the roots, let a small part of the root on the surface, can absorb oxygen. After giving birth to water bacon, you can add less nutrient solution and change the water every three or four days in summer. In winter, it takes six or seven days to see the turbid degree of the water. In general, woody flowers are more difficult to grow in water. You have to be patient.

Key points of hydroponic culture of eight immortal flowers

Scientific name: Hydrangeamacrophylla

Aliases: Hydrangea, Douqiu, Hydrangea, Hydrangea, Ziyang Flower

Families and genera: Saxifragaceae

5. ① water for hydroponic culture and exchange water. Mountain spring water is the best, its water quality is clean, no pollution, no precipitation, and contains a variety of trace elements necessary for plant growth. Cold boiled water takes second place. It is best not to use tap water, because it contains many impurities, easy to precipitate, and the chlorine in it is harmful to plant growth. If Rain Water or snow water culture can be used, it is more beneficial to the growth of flowers. ②, change the water. Due to the normal growth and metabolism of plants, after hydroponic culture for a period of time, the oxygen in the water is continuously consumed, at the same time, the root system produces mucus, the water quality is not as fresh as at the beginning, and the nutrient solution added to the water is also absorbed by the plant. too many unabsorbed elements will also do harm to flowers. Therefore, the water must be changed regularly. The change of water quality is directly related to the temperature. Spring and autumn is the flourishing period of flowers, changing water every 7 ~ 10 days, every 4 ~ 6 days in summer, and about 15 ~ 20 days in winter. Every time you change water, you should wash away the mucus from the roots and cut off the aged roots and rotten roots. The height of adding water is equal to that of the rhizosphere, too deep is easy to rot roots due to hypoxia, and too shallow is easy to affect the growth of roots due to lack of water.

6. The addition of hydroponic nutrient solution is the fertilizer of hydroponic flowers. In general, new roots can be produced after hydroponic culture for half a month. With the growth of flowers and plants, we must constantly change water and add nutrient solution. According to the need to buy different types of flower nutrition solution on the market. It must be noted that all kinds of nutrient solutions purchased by ① are raw solutions and must be diluted. The dilution ratio varies with different kinds of flowers, so you should read the instructions carefully. All kinds of special nutrient solution for ② must be special to avoid getting the wrong object. If the orchid nutrient solution is applied to the orchid flowers, the orchid will not blossom or blossom very little. Some flowers do not need nutrient solution, especially in the dormant period, directly regularly change water or add a small amount of sugar water, salt water, the effect is also good, such as green pineapple, evergreen and so on.

Control techniques of Diseases and insect pests in hydroponic Flowers

Hydroponic culture can get rid of the infection of soil diseases and insect pests, but it does not grow in the vacuum environment after strict disinfection, and it will still be damaged by environmental diseases and insect pests. Fungi, bacteria and viruses in the air can still infect the stems and leaves of hydroponic flowers, making them suffer different degrees of pathological changes. Aphids and shell insects can float indoors with the wind and fall on hydroponic flowers to suck juice. Moths lay eggs on flowers, hatch into larvae, and eat the tender leaves and stem tips of flowers. Take off the basin to wash the roots to static hydroponic flowers, will also carry fungi, bacteria, viruses, eggs, larvae, etc., if not carefully checked and cleared, it will leave hidden dangers.

Static hydroponic flowers because of the particularity of their display environment, once the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, it is not suitable to use chemical pesticides to kill insects, nor can they be sterilized with large doses of fungicides. Although these drugs can play the role of insecticidal and sterilization, they can also cause pollution to the environment.

Prevention should be given priority to the diseases and insect pests that may occur in hydroponic flowers. When choosing flowers for hydroponic culture, we should try our best to select flowers with strong plants, luxuriant growth and no diseases and insect pests. If insect pests are found in the process of cultivation, they can be caught manually or washed away with tap water. There are not many infectious diseases in hydroponic flowers, only a few leaves have brown lesions, dry necrosis, or irregular round wet lesions, which are formed by fungal or bacterial infection. After discovery, the whole diseased leaves should be removed and burned, so as not to spread. Prevention of non-infectious diseases. Non-infectious disease is not caused by pathogen infection, it is caused by unsuitable environment. Muggy high-temperature weather in summer, cold winter, dry climate, scorching sun, obstructed air environment, excessive shade, excessive concentration of nutrient solution, or can not be evenly absorbed may cause static hydroponic flower leaf tip scorch and scorch, lower leaves yellowing and falling off. Hot summer temperature is too high, due to a sharp decline in dissolved oxygen in the liquid, and prone to root rot, which is a common symptom of static hydroponics. According to the above different symptoms, find out the corresponding causes, correct them, improve the cultivation environment, and avoid the occurrence of non-infectious diseases.

How to maintain the still hydroponic flowers with disjointed and rotten roots? Due to improper management, or rotting roots due to hypoxia, or infected by fungi, bacteria and viruses, hydroponic flowers have leaf spot disease, leaves yellowing and falling off, resulting in disconnection of the lower end and loss of ornamental value. The hydroponic flowers with disjointed and rotten roots can be treated by the method of plant renewal. The branches that are still intact at the upper end of the stem node are cut off and inserted in clean water. After a period of maintenance and management, new roots can grow and become independent plants. The disjointed branches at the lower end can sprout new buds in the stem nodes as long as they do not rot, and they can be cultivated in nutrient solution at this time. Fugui bamboo, green pineapple, colorful plantain, taro, and so on, can all use this method.

Complete Handbook of Family hydroponic Flowers

There are four methods to obtain hydroponic plants: first, the flowers cultivated in organic media such as soil or inorganic substrates are removed from the pot, and the soil or inorganic matrix on the roots is removed and changed to static hydroponic culture in nutrient solution. Second, use the branches of flowers as cuttings, insert them directly into still water, and cultivate them with nutrient solution after rooting. Third, when some flowers grow, there will be walking stems (stolons), and there are small plants growing on the stems, such as orchids and pineapples, which can be removed for direct hydroponic culture. Fourth, flowers with more tiller buds, such as orchids and pineapples, can be hydroponically cultured by peeling tiller buds with roots. How to prepare hydroponic nutrient solution family hydroponic flowers (or hydroponic flowers for short) must have three basic conditions: first, select plants that are closely related to aquatic plants, that is, plants that retain aquatic genetic genes, which can be used as static hydroponic flowers. Second, select the cultivation container with no leakage and no bottom hole that matches the size and style of hydroponic flowers. Third, the use of ion balance absorption (appropriate ratio), low conductivity nutrient solution with all-element mineral nutrition necessary for the growth of flowers and plants. The recommended formula is as follows: (1) A large number of elements: 0.27 grams of calcium nitrate, 0.13 grams of potassium nitrate, 0.08 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.13 grams of magnesium sulfate. (2) Trace elements: disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate 8.0 mg, ferrous sulfate 5.0 mg, manganese sulfate 1.4 mg, boric acid 2.0 mg, zinc sulfate 0.07 mg, copper sulfate 0.04 mg, sodium molybdate 0.09 mg. (3) purified water: 1 liter (1000 ml). The pH value is from 5.5 to 6.5, and the electrical conductivity EC is less than 0.5mm / cm. The selected flowers will be cultivated in utensils and injected with hydroponic nutrient solution to become a static hydroponic flower with unique charm. In the preparation of nutrient solution, it is best to use pure water, of course, drinking tap water can also be used to prepare nutrient solution. They are strictly treated, clean and hygienic, and meet the requirements of aseptic (few bacteria) cultivation. However, it must be fully noticed that there are fewer impurities and bacteria in the purified water, and there are basically no essential nutrient elements for plants, while tap water contains unstable nutrients with the change of the composition of the water source. Therefore, the composition of the nutrient solution prepared with pure water is stable and consistent, and the composition of the nutrient solution prepared with tap water is unstable. Liquid chlorine is used when disinfecting tap water. If there is too much chlorine in tap water, it is harmful to flowers and plants. A water purifier can be installed on the faucet. Release the tap water, store it in a large-caliber bucket and put it aside for a few days, stir it with a stick several times to remove chlorine. If you are in urgent need of changing water, you can add 3 to 5 grains of sodium thiosulfate (commonly known as baking soda) in 10 kg of tap water and stir evenly to achieve the effect of removing chlorine. Most foliage flowers like the slightly acidic soil environment, and their alkali tolerance can not be changed in hydroponics. The pH of the solution must be adjusted to 5.5 to 6.5 in static nutrient solution cultivation, which is beneficial to the absorption of trace elements by flowers, the physiological metabolism is not disturbed, the growth is normal and the leaves are green.

How to apply fertilizer outside the root

Static hydroponic cultivation of flowers is a cultivation method under the condition of anoxic root system, which will cause some defects to the normal development of flowers. In order to improve the quality of flowers, foliar fertilization can be used to supplement nutrient elements. During the vegetative growth period of flowers, 0.2% potassium nitrate dilution can be used to spray foliar. Should use fine hole spray pot, try not to make fertilizer liquid loss, the back of the leaf should also be sprayed, spray once a week, spray twice during the growing period, can make hydroponic flowers flourish. Flowers suitable for leaf viewing and flower appreciation at the same time, such as taro, begonia, bamboo begonia, calla, etc., can be sprayed on the leaves once a week with 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate diluent during the budding period until the flowers bloom. The temperature requirement of hydroponic flowers hydroponic cultivation of flowers only changes the way of flower cultivation, does not change the growth habits of flowers, and it is impossible to change their habits. The foliage flowers and plants used in static hydroponics are mostly originated in Latin American rain forests or tropical high temperature, high humidity and shady valleys, which are cold-resistant flowers and plants. In general, when the temperature drops below 10 ℃, some varieties will suffer frost injury, scorched leaves, yellowing old leaves, drooping and falling off. Under the condition of static hydroponics, this phenomenon will also occur. Some flowers have strong cold resistance, such as ivy, vinca, fairy pen, etc., and grow normally under the temperature of 5 ℃ to 7 ℃. When the temperature is more than 30 ℃, the leaves of some flowers lose their luster, grow sluggishly, and have scorched brown spots on the leaf edge, showing a dormant state that can not bear high temperature, such as bamboo begonia, four seasons begonia, colored leaf grass and so on. Rotten roots are common in static water culture at high temperature above 30 ℃, which is also related to the decrease of dissolved oxygen in nutrient solution with the increase of temperature. The temperature is controlled between 15 ℃ and 28 ℃, which is suitable for all kinds of flowers cultivated in static water. In addition, it is also very important to understand the temperature needed for the growth of each kind of flower and to create a suitable temperature condition for it to grow in static hydroponics. Hydroponic flowers need light static hydroponics to choose more shade-resistant, shade-loving foliage flowers and a small number of flowering flowers. The characteristic of this kind of flower is that it does not need strong direct light during the growing period, and some flower varieties grow well in a more shady environment. Generally placed in the indoor, living room, office, as long as there are doors and windows through the scattered light and indoor lighting, can fully meet its needs for lighting. If the light is too weak, the leaves of flowers can not carry out normal photosynthesis, can not accumulate enough nutrition, poor growth. Some colored leaf flowers, such as colored leaf grass, variable leaf wood, etc. in a weak light environment, will lose the color of the leaves and become dull, this kind of flowers can maintain the luster of leaf color only in the environment where the light is more sufficient and is not directed by strong light.

Plant growth has phototaxis, the orientation of flowers should be rotated regularly, this work can be combined with cleaning utensils and changing nutrient solution, and the flowers after root cleaning can be rotated 180 degrees relative to the original orientation, so that the flowers will not grow on one side, and the top tip will always be straight and straight upward. Moist environment and good ventilation the origin of foliage flowers is mostly warm and humid environment. Static hydroponics also need to create a relatively humid environment in order to make it grow well. The simple method is to spray on the leaves of flowers (in order to prevent the spray from soaking the furniture, you can move to the balcony or outdoor operation, and then move the flowers to the indoor display after spraying). It is best to use a fine hole sprinkler when spraying, so that the spray beads stick to the leaves and do not flow down. Stronger flower leaves with wax film, such as tortoise back bamboo, gentleman orchid, can be wiped with wet towels, which can not only increase the humidity of the leaves, but also remove dust from the leaves. For those larger, difficult to move flowers, you can use a shallow dish or basin to hold water next to the flowers, evaporation of water can also increase the humidity of the environment. There should be a good ventilation environment. This is an important condition for the normal growth of flowers, static hydroponic flowers are installed in the room, if the doors and windows are closed, the air is turbid, it is disadvantageous to its growth. In particular, people go to work and leave home during the day, do not open doors and windows, and some even close curtains. In such a harsh environment, hydroponic flowers can not get the necessary light, even lack of fresh air, dissolved oxygen continues to decrease, and their growth will get worse and worse. The phenomenon of leaves yellowing and shedding, and thin and shrunken shoots. Where hydroponic flowers are placed, doors and windows should be opened regularly to form air convection, allowing fresh air from the outside to enter the room, which can increase the content of dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution. An air-conditioned room can of course reach the temperature needed for hydroponic flowers, but the dry air in the room will cause thin flower leaves with scorched edges and withered tips. Air-conditioned rooms are also short of fresh air, which reduces the content of dissolved oxygen. It should be ventilated timely, which is beneficial to the growth of hydroponic flowers and human health. There are places with large-scale hydroponic flower furnishings, it is more necessary to do this work well.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of hydroponic flowers

Hydroponic culture can get rid of the infection of soil diseases and insect pests, but it does not grow in the vacuum environment after strict disinfection, and it will still be damaged by environmental diseases and insect pests. Fungi, bacteria and viruses in the air can still infect the stems and leaves of hydroponic flowers, making them suffer different degrees of pathological changes. Aphids and shell insects can float indoors with the wind and fall on hydroponic flowers to suck juice. Moths lay eggs on flowers, hatch into larvae, and eat the tender leaves and stem tips of flowers. Take off the basin to wash the roots to static hydroponic flowers, will also carry fungi, bacteria, viruses, eggs, larvae, etc., if not carefully checked and cleared, it will leave hidden dangers. Static hydroponic flowers because of the particularity of their display environment, once the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, it is not suitable to use chemical pesticides to kill insects, nor can they be sterilized with large doses of fungicides. Although these drugs can play the role of insecticidal and sterilization, they can also cause pollution to the environment. Prevention should be given priority to the diseases and insect pests that may occur in hydroponic flowers. When choosing flowers for hydroponic culture, we should try our best to select flowers with strong plants, luxuriant growth and no diseases and insect pests. If insect pests are found in the process of cultivation, they can be caught manually or washed away with tap water. There are not many infectious diseases in hydroponic flowers, only a few leaves have brown lesions, dry necrosis, or irregular round wet lesions, which are formed by fungal or bacterial infection. After discovery, the whole diseased leaves should be removed and burned, so as not to spread. Prevention of non-infectious diseases. Non-infectious disease is not caused by pathogen infection, it is caused by unsuitable environment. Muggy high-temperature weather in summer, cold winter, dry climate, scorching sun, obstructed air environment, excessive shade, excessive concentration of nutrient solution, or can not be evenly absorbed may cause static hydroponic flower leaf tip scorch and scorch, lower leaves yellowing and falling off. Hot summer temperature is too high, due to a sharp decline in dissolved oxygen in the liquid, and prone to root rot, which is a common symptom of static hydroponics. According to the above different symptoms, find out the corresponding causes, correct them, improve the cultivation environment, and avoid the occurrence of non-infectious diseases. How to maintain the still hydroponic flowers with disjointed and rotten roots? Due to improper management, or rotting roots due to hypoxia, or infected by fungi, bacteria and viruses, hydroponic flowers have leaf spot disease, leaves yellowing and falling off, resulting in disconnection of the lower end and loss of ornamental value. The hydroponic flowers with disjointed and rotten roots can be treated by the method of plant renewal. The branches that are still intact at the upper end of the stem node are cut off and inserted in clean water. After a period of maintenance and management, new roots can grow and become independent plants. The disjointed branches at the lower end can sprout new buds in the stem nodes as long as they do not rot, and they can be cultivated in nutrient solution at this time. Fugui bamboo, green pineapple, colorful plantain, taro, and so on, can all use this method. How many hydroponic flowers are arranged for the cultivation of hydroponic flowers in the livable room, which can not only regulate the mood, beautify the environment, but also purify the air, it is beneficial to install a few plants properly. The living room area is not large, and there are too many flowers, causing flowers to compete with people for oxygen at night. So how many flowers should be put in the room? According to the scientists' experiments, it is considered that it is more appropriate to plant one or two kinds of flowers for every 10 square meters according to the area of the room. According to this standard, it is estimated that the rooms with an area of 50 square meters to 60 square meters are equipped with more than 10 hydroponic flowers of different sizes, which can not only satisfy the viewing, but also will not cause the flowers to compete with people for oxygen at night.

How to choose hydroponic flowers in winter

Hydroponic flowers are very popular because they are clean, beautiful and easy to take care of. When choosing hydroponic flowers in winter, we must pay attention to the following four "points":

First, it is necessary to choose flowers that are suitable for hydroponic culture. If you buy back a species that is not suitable for hydroponic culture, it will not take long for the root to rot and gradually die. Aquatic plants, wet plants and a number of less drought-tolerant terrestrial plants are more suitable for hydroponics, such as Upland grass, taro, green apple, taro, Phyllostachys pubescens and so on.

Second, we should choose the flower species with strong cold resistance. Although some flowers are very suitable for hydroponic culture, they need a higher temperature to survive the winter, so it is difficult to survive the winter safely in ordinary families and is vulnerable to frost damage. The flowers with strong cold resistance and a little cold protection can survive the winter, such as tortoise back bamboo, purple leaf duck rubbing grass, aloe, hanging orchid, parasol grass, pocket coconut, brown bamboo and so on.

Third, flowers that have adapted to hydroponic conditions should be selected. After some florists get the soil out of the soil, they wash the soil from their roots and supply the flower market immediately. Although such flowers seem to grow normally, they have to go through a process of adaptation before they can grow normally in a hydroponic environment, so they must be carefully identified when they are purchased. Some white aquatic roots grow at the root or stem base of flowers that have adapted to hydroponic conditions.

Fourth, choose plants that are robust and free from diseases and insect pests. The plants with tall and straight branches and leaves and full and glossy leaves are helpful to reflect the appreciation effect of flowers.

The advantages of hydroponics

1. Daily management is simple.

The daily management of hydroponic flowers is very simple, except for changing the nutrient solution every 10 days during the peak period of plant growth in spring and summer, and every 15-20 days in autumn and winter, it does not need extra care. You only need to spray water on the leaf surface in the dry season or in the air-conditioned environment; wipe it with a clean cloth or paper towel when there is dust on the leaf surface. It saves the trouble of fertilizing, changing soil and watering water every day, and is very suitable for the fast-paced life style of people in modern society.

2. Clean and fashionable

As hydroponic flowers are completely separated from the soil cultivation environment and grow directly in a relatively aseptic or bacteria-free nutrient solution environment, they will not pollute our living environment like soil-grown flowers because of parasitic pests and germs in the soil. make our homes safer, cleaner and more at ease. And because we are separated from the soil, we can use more and more beautiful vases, utensils, and materials to grow. We can appreciate not only flowers and leaves, but also the process of root growth and their beauty, which we do not often see. Very neat and fashionable.

3. There are many kinds of application, and the technology is easy to master and operate.

As a result of conquering the adaptation technology of plant roots from native environment to aquatic environment, "Water Flower King" does not need to grow aquatic roots through planting baskets, nor does it need early computer and electric field mutagenesis, but only needs to do very simple technical treatment. Soil roots can be quickly transformed into aquatic roots, and anyone can grow exuberant and luxuriant hydroponic flowers, which greatly shortens the production cycle. It saves the production cost, makes the product have more profit space, and increases the competitiveness of the product in the market. At the same time, because of the low production cost, more and more people can enjoy the lifestyle brought by new technology and rapidly expand their market share. Because the planting basket is not used, hydroponic flowers become more beautiful and refined. Because Rain Water will change the concentration and PH value of the nutrient solution, hydroponic flowers are not suitable for planting in the open air, so some light-loving plants are more difficult to carry out indoor hydroponic culture at home, but the common shade / semi-shade flowers are basically able to carry out successful hydroponic cultivation, and there are nearly 400 experimental varieties at present. If you have a sunlight or artificial greenhouse, then in theory, any plant can be hydroponically cultured, but with different degrees of difficulty.

4. green and environmentally friendly, flower fish can be raised together.

The "Water Flower King" nutrient solution does not contain toxic ingredients, so it can be raised together for a long time without any side effects that are not conducive to flowers or fish. the fish in our store still grow well after long-term rearing. And some guests add nutrient solution to the aquarium to fertilize the aquatic plants, the effect is also very good, practice has proved that it is safe and reliable. At the same time, because of the special ingredients, it is not easy to breed mosquitoes in the nutrient solution, and if you pour the discarded nutrient solution into your soil to plant potted flowers when you change water, there will be a more unexpected surprise. Facts have proved that "Water Flower King" nutrient solution is a real green and environmentally friendly nutrient solution, and the effect is very obvious.

Selection of hydroponic Flower species

The growth and development of flowers need appropriate conditions such as water, oxygen, nutrients, light, temperature and so on. Water as a hydroponic medium contains a certain amount of oxygen. As long as the light and temperature are appropriate, timely supply of nutrients needed for plant growth, flowers can grow normally in water.

Due to the relationship between ecological habits and organizational structure of flowers, different flowers have different requirements for oxygen content in water. Some flowers have aerated tissue in the body, and the oxygen produced by these plants during photosynthesis can be sent to the root part of the plant through the aerated tissue for breathing; some flowers have aerial roots in the stem nodes, which means that aerial roots can absorb the oxygen plants need from the air; although some flowers do not have simultaneous tissue and aerial roots that absorb oxygen, they are well adapted to hydroponic conditions. However, the oxygen content in the water of some flowers can not meet the needs of their normal growth and development, so this kind of flowers is not suitable for hydroponics. Therefore, in order to make hydroponics successful, we must choose flower species that can adapt to hydroponics conditions, and do not plant them blindly, so as not to lead to the failure of hydroponics.

Flower species adapted to hydroponic culture

Araceae

Araceae flowers have great adaptability to horizontal conditions, when cultured with water, most of them can take root and grow rapidly in a short time, and quickly form a certain ornamental plant shape; after washing with soil, most of the roots can adapt to the hydroponic environment. Araceae flowers adapted to hydroponic culture are green pineapple, Guangdong evergreen, Daifen evergreen, silver emperor, golden queen, tufted spring feather, mini tortoise back bamboo, tortoise back bamboo, silver bract taro, emerald, Xi Lin taro, Qin leaf Xi Lin taro, green emperor Xi Lin taro, synthetic fruit taro, sea taro, crane flower, jadeite and so on.

Caryophyllaceae

Almost all the flowers of the family Commelina can adapt to hydroponic culture, such as purple leaf, purple back evergreen, light bamboo leaf, hanging bamboo plum and so on, which can take root and grow quickly when they are planted in water.

Liliaceae

The vast majority of lily flowers can adapt to hydroponic culture, such as aloe. Triangular aloe, dot pattern 12 volumes, hanging orchid, Zhu banana, dragon blood tree, horsetail iron, tiger skin orchid, tequila, Phnom Penh rich bamboo, sea onion, silver edge evergreen, silver edge step grass and so on.

Sedum family

Crassulaceae flowers are also more suitable for hydroponic conditions, such as: Lotus palm, hibiscus palm, silver wave brocade, gemstone flower, rooting and so on.

In addition, flowers that can adapt to hydroponics include peach leaf coral, parasol grass, colored leaf grass, purple goose velvet, blue pine, bamboo begonia, Begonia, emerald, gentleman orchid, aristolochia, variegated wood, silver chrysanthemum, fairy pen, leaf cactus, triangular bamboo, pineapple, Ji pineapple, golden millet orchid, rattan, keel, color cloud pavilion, flower vine periwinkle, red back cinnamon, Sihai wave, ivy, ivy, palm bamboo. Pocket coconuts, etc.

When selecting hydroponic flower species, in addition to considering the conditions of hydroponic culture, we should also pay attention to the following factors:

Although some flowers are well adapted to the conditions of hydroponic culture, the overwintering temperature is relatively high, for example, the overwintering temperature of some species of evergreen and variegated trees is more than 15c, and the overwintering temperature of green pineapple, taro, Phnom Penh rich bamboo and dragon blood trees is also above 10c. This is certainly not a problem for rooms that are heated in winter, but it is very difficult for most families to get these flowers safely through the cold winter. Although some flowers will not lead to the death of the whole plant after overwintering, due to the influence of low temperature and freezing injury, the leaves of the plants will become wilted, lose their due luster, the leaves turn yellow, the leaf tips or leaf edges become scorched, or new scorch spots appear on the leaves, and even cause a large number of defoliation or some branches and leaves to die, thus losing the value of appreciation. Therefore, when there are no more stable conditions for domestic mosquitoes, we must pay attention to the selection of flower species with strong cold resistance. The flowers suitable for hydroponic culture in ordinary families are:

Flowers with strong cold resistance

Such as evergreen, rattan, brown bamboo, tequila, peach leaf coral, gemstone flowers, sea onions, flowers and leaves along the steps, etc. can withstand the low temperature of about 0c.

Flowers with a certain degree of cold resistance

Such as tortoise back bamboo, purple leaf duckweed, light leaf bamboo, aloe, hanging orchid, silver wave brocade, parasol grass, purple velvet, silver chrysanthemum, golden millet orchid, Caiyun Pavilion, flowers and leaves vine periwinkle, ivy, pocket coconut and so on, you can survive the winter safely with a little protection when overwintering.

Of course, although some flowers, such as ruby taro, emerald taro, fruit taro, green apple, tiger tail orchid, and variable leaf wood, are safe and difficult to survive the winter, they are convenient to obtain materials, grow rapidly, and have high ornamental value, and can also be purchased and cultivated in the warm spring.

Yin tolerance problem

Due to the poor indoor lighting conditions, it is appropriate to choose flowers that prefer half-shade or tolerate half-shade. At the same time, even foliage plants that like half-shade or tolerate half-shade have different requirements for light intensity, such as variable-leaf wood, purple-leaf duckweed, hanging bamboo plum, etc., but white crane taro, hulk, Guangdong evergreen, silver emperor and so on all have a strong ability to tolerate shade. Due to the different lighting conditions of different rooms and rooms, the appropriate types of flowers should be selected according to the lighting conditions of the placement location, so as to ensure the normal growth of flowers and maintain good ornamental. When the light is insufficient, the branches and leaves of the plant are too long, the stem is thin, the internodes are longer, the leaves become smaller, abnormally small, lose green and lose their due luster, the leaves fade with colored spots, and even produce a large number of fallen leaves, thus seriously affecting the ornamental of flowers.

Water-raised orchid technology

Hanging orchid, the leaf color is fresh and green, the leaf shape is like orchid, fresh and elegant, it is a common family foliage flower that people like. In addition, it has the unique effect of purifying indoor air, which is one of the important reasons why people like to plant it indoors.

1. Container: container bottle can be single-layer or double-layer. Single-layer bottles are made of plastic bottles without bottom holes or ceramic bottles without bottom holes. In the double-layer bottle, the plastic screen is taken as the upper layer, and the lower bottle is a bottomless bottle. The hanging orchid is planted in the upper plastic screen to let the root of the hanging orchid droop in the bottle.

2. Take seedlings: remove the potted or ground-planted orchids from the pot or dig up from the ground, remove the soil from the roots, wash the roots with clean water, cut off the old and rotten roots, leave the fibrous roots, cut off some leaves (old leaves, leaves of diseases and insect pests), and leave strong leaves, generally leaving 6 to 10 leaves.

3. Pot up: the pot method of a single-layer bottle is to insert the treated hanging orchid into the bottle, fasten the bottle mouth with a sponge and insert a plastic straw for water transport. Let the orchid plant stand upright, fill the bottle with water and flower nutrient solution, and let the root of the orchid grow in water. In the double-layer bottle cultivation method, the plant of the orchid is planted on a plastic sieve, and the root passes through the small hole of the plastic sieve into the lower bottle, which is filled with pottery or stone rice (large grains) to make the orchid stand upright, and the lower bottle is filled with clear water and flower nutrition solution. After potting, put the orchid indoors or in a cool place for management.

4. Management:

① water: water and flower nutrient solution are added every 4 days for single-layer container cultivation, and the water is input from the straw until the water is full. Change the water of the double-layer bottle once a week, pour out the water when changing the water, wash the bottle clean, fill it with water and flower nutrient solution, and then put the plastic sieve on the bottle.

② fertilizer: adding water and changing water in the root and adding flower nutrient solution at the same time, topdressing outside the root is spraying branches and leaves with diluted flower nutrient solution every 3 days.

③ control of diseases and insect pests: if you find any diseases and insect pests, you can use universal powder and water to spray leaves.

④ to promote flowers: half a year after the flowering, do not spray water on the flowers, to prevent early falling flowers, flowers withered should be cut off from the branches to promote re-flowering.

The outstanding one in static hydroponics

There are more than 2500 species of Araceae belonging to 105 genera, which originated in tropical Asia and are produced in the waters or swamps of forest areas. after a long historical evolution, most of them have developed into terrestrial plants and few aquatic species. The common excellent ornamental plants (genera) in Araceae are: Candle, Dendrocalamus, Taro, unicorn, calla, evergreen, colorful taro, green velvet, bract taro, and so on. Although the above genera are terrestrial, they are closely related to aquatic vascular plants: some are wet species, some have aerial roots, some are prone to adventitious roots, and some are easy to develop ventilatory tissues under stress. Terrestrial plants are cultured in static water, and the root respiration is in a serious state of hypoxia. The prerequisite for its success is the correct selection of plant species, that is, it is closely related to aquatic plants. Araceae plants are closely related to aquatic plants, which are shown as follows: first, Araceae plants evolve and develop with aquatic genes as the center. According to the new Engler system, the most primitive genus in the Araceae is the genus Gladiolus, and the most evolved genus Gladiolus, both of which are aquatic plants. Acorus calamus is an aquatic or wet evergreen herb. it is the most primitive genus in the Araceae. It originated in the old tropics of the late Cretaceous (about 100 million years ago) and first appeared in the water environment. The genus Artemisia, which is the most evolved single genus in Araceae, is almost all over the freshwater waters of the old and new continents. It is a floating plant cultivated by nutrition, which is easy to migrate and spread and has a strong ability of proliferation. In addition, there are famous aquatic species such as Acorus calamus, taro and taro in Araceae. As an aquatic plant, the evolved genus Gladiolus is not a simple repetition of the original Gladiolus, but a dialectical "negative negation", a repetition on a higher basis. Although most species of Araceae grow on land, they all come from aquatic ancestors, which forms the "negation" of aquatic ancestors. In the end, it is transformed into a more advanced aquatic plant of the genus Magnolia, and this reply is once again "negative", that is, the dialectical law of "negative negation". It shows that the opposite poles of aquatic and terrestrial life have been unified in the dialectical development. This is the unique philosophical reason why Araceae plants are outstanding in static hydroponics. 2. Araceae belongs to the order Araceae, which has only two families, and the other family for the same purpose is Aquatic Pleuroidae, which is a floating or submerged herb. It is proved that Araceae and Pteropodidae share the same aquatic ancestors and have a very close relationship with each other. It can be seen that the plants of Araceae take aquatic genes as the center and evolve forward according to the approximate spiral curve. Third, the relationship of the order Araceae in the plant taxonomic system: the Hutchinson system believes that the order Liliformes evolved from the order Liliformes, while a few aquatic types of the order Liliformes have a parallel relationship with the marshes. The Tahta system believes that the order Araceae has a common ancestor with Palm order and Bana order (primitive lily), which can be traced back to Magnolia. Cronquist system believes that the order Araceae is closely related to the order Coleoptera and Palm, and has a common ancestor with the order Liliacea. From the above classification system, it can be inferred that the order Araceae is related to Liliformes and palms containing aquatic plants. To sum up, Araceae plants evolve forward with aquatic genetic genes as the center, have a common ancestor with aquatic planktonic families, and are related to lilies and palms containing aquatic species. Therefore, they contain aquatic genetic genes, which is the direct reason for making Araceae plants outstanding in static hydroponics.

Judgement and treatment of hydroponic rotten root

In the process of hydroponic culture, rotting roots are often caused by management and other reasons, such as too low temperature, excessive fertilization, diseases and so on. Rotting roots will make the water quality worse and affect the growth of plants. To judge whether the root is rotten, one is to smell the root with the nose, and if there is a bad smell, it proves that the root has rotted; the second is to smell the water, which means that the root system may also rot and deteriorate; and the third is to observe the appearance of the root system. If the root turns yellow and changes color, it means that the root system has been damaged. After the root system is rotten, gently pull the rhizosphere with your hand, and its epidermis is very easy to tear off, leaving only the lignified part.

After the emergence of rotten roots, to be cut off in time, generally rotten roots are gradually rotting upward from the tip, after pruning, until cut to the normal root system. After changing water, pay attention to observe that if rotten roots continue to appear, they should be dealt with in a timely manner.

Simple hydroponic facilities-- bottles and cans and cultivation management

The use of waste containers, such as beverage cans, jars, white polystyrene hard foam boxes (boxes), etc., with a little finishing, can become hydroponic carriers of different sizes and shapes, which can not only adjust measures to local conditions and make the best use of things, but also green the surrounding environment. It has the interest of returning to nature.

I. bottles and cans

1. Such as metal beverage cans, glass or plastic bottles, paper foil square beverage boxes, etc., are originally filled with liquid, as long as the original contents are washed and refreshed, they can be used as hydroponic carriers.

two。 Planting cup: according to the size of the mouth of the selected container, choose the plastic cold drink cup, which is exactly the size of the mouth 1 to 3, as the carrier of anchoring plants. As shown in figure 1, dig out the "well" hole at the bottom of the cup so that the root system can reach into the nutrient solution through the bottom of the cup, and the anchors of the plant will not leak out. The opening also has the function of breathability.

3. Plant anchoring: prepare a piece of non-woven cloth (non-woven cloth) for clothing padding about 8 × 12 cm, rinse off the soil gently and do not damage the root system. Wrap the root system with non-woven cloth, and then use porous plastic sponge (debris cut off from coat pads, sofas, seat cushions, etc.), or a small amount of rock wool and glass wool (used as thermal insulation materials, there are yellow, there are also yellow with white) and other coarsening, so that it can be stuffed into the plastic planting cup to anchor the plant. In fact, do not have the above-mentioned things on hand, the use of flower paste, after proper cutting can also be used as anchoring material. The non-woven rolls enclosing the roots, together with the exposed roots, are immersed in bottles and jars containing nutrient solution. It must be noted that the surface of the nutrient solution should have a space distance of not less than 1 cm from the bottom of the planting cup. This is the key to the success or failure of hydroponics. With the help of the osmosis of non-woven fabric, the nutrient solution continues to supply the root system with nutrition for about half a month, and the nutrient solution decreases gradually with the growth and transpiration of crops. When the liquid level drops to 1 top 4 of the container height, a new nutrient solution can be added. At this time, the distance between the liquid level and the bottom of the planting cup can be larger, about 3 centimeters.

4. Cultivation management: if you use a transparent glass container, you must cover the bottle with a shade to avoid direct sunlight to breed algae and compete with the culture for nutrition. In summer, in order to prevent a substantial rise in liquid temperature caused by sunlight exposure, it is best to have shading measures, or put in a place where the sun cannot be exposed directly.

2. Box class

1. Box: usually used as a shock-proof polystyrene white rigid foam box, or corrugated cartons, wooden cases with a certain strength can be used. It is generally about 35 × 25 × 15 cm and 60 × 40 × 16 cm. If there is a hole in the bottom of the box, it can be paved with wood or foam board. The box is lined with black agricultural film to prevent nutrient solution leakage. If it is confirmed that the box does not leak and does not penetrate light, the film can be avoided. If there is no black film, other films can also be used.

two。 Upper cover: the function of upper cover and fixing plate. Find a polystyrene foam board with the same area as the box and about 2.5 cm thick as the upper cover and fixed planting board. A certain number of planting holes with a diameter of about 6 cm are opened on the board. Like bottles and cans, as long as the selected plastic cold drink cup can be placed in it, it will reveal about 1 inch and 2 cups high. The number of planting holes depends on the size of the box. It is generally 6 to 16 acupoints. In addition, a small hole with a diameter of 2 cm is opened near the inside of the box near the side of the upper cover, which is used to peep the liquid level of the nutrient solution and to add the nutrient solution.

3. Planting cup: select materials and prepare the same bottles and cans.

4. Floating board: take a polystyrene foam board which is 2.5cm less than the net area of the box and 2.5cm thick as a floating board. There are regular holes with a diameter of 1cm to 2cm to increase the air content of the floating board and facilitate the root system to extend into the nutrient solution. The floating board is covered with a thin layer of rock wool (about 1 cm dry thickness), or glass wool of the same thickness, or 250g / m2 of non-woven cloth, which is used to absorb nutrient solution. When it is really impossible to get these things, medical sterilized skim gauze can also be used instead. The area of the cotton infiltration layer is about 6 cm more than that around the floating board, so that the excess part laid on the floating board can freely droop from around the floating board (like an apron) and soak into the nutrient solution to absorb the nutrient solution, so as to ensure that a wet layer with nutrient solution is formed on the floating board. The roots of plants can stretch freely on the floating board and have more direct contact with the air. Another part of the root system can still absorb nutrients through the four sides of the floating board or through the holes in the floating board into the nutrient solution. This method can make up for the unfavorable environment that the general hydrostatic culture can not circulate nutrient solution and oxygenation.

5. Cultivation management:

The main results are as follows: (1) pour the prepared nutrient solution into the cultivation box. At the beginning of planting, the liquid level should be slightly higher, and the floating board should touch the non-woven root roll protruding from the planting cup, so that the nutrient solution can be absorbed. The highest liquid level must have some space in the cultivation box. When the nutrient solution is reduced to 3-5 cm with the absorption and transpiration of the plant, the nutrient solution should be added until the liquid depth is about 10 cm.

(2) when the nutrients of the nutrient solution change greatly, or when there is precipitation, turbidity, stench and pathogen infection, the nutrient solution should be updated as appropriate until it is completely updated.

Requirements of hydroponic flowers for moist environment and good ventilation environment

The origin of foliage flowers is mostly in a warm and humid environment. Static hydroponics also need to create a relatively humid environment in order to make it grow well. The simple method is to spray on the leaves of flowers (in order to prevent the spray from soaking the furniture, you can move to the balcony or outdoor operation, and then move the flowers to the indoor display after spraying). It is best to use a fine hole sprinkler when spraying, so that the spray beads stick to the leaves and do not flow down. Stronger flower leaves with wax film, such as tortoise back bamboo, gentleman orchid, can be wiped with wet towels, which can not only increase the humidity of the leaves, but also remove dust from the leaves. For those larger, difficult to move flowers, you can use a shallow dish or basin to hold water next to the flowers, evaporation of water can also increase the humidity of the environment.

There should be a good ventilation environment. This is an important condition for the normal growth of flowers, static hydroponic flowers are installed in the room, if the doors and windows are closed, the air is turbid, it is disadvantageous to its growth. In particular, people go to work and leave home during the day, do not open doors and windows, and some even close curtains. In such a harsh environment, hydroponic flowers can not get the necessary light, even lack of fresh air, dissolved oxygen continues to decrease, and their growth will get worse and worse. The phenomenon of leaves yellowing and shedding, and thin and shrunken shoots. Where hydroponic flowers are placed, doors and windows should be opened regularly to form air convection, allowing fresh air from the outside to enter the room, which can increase the content of dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution.

An air-conditioned room can of course reach the temperature needed for hydroponic flowers, but the dry air in the room will cause thin flower leaves with scorched edges and withered tips. Air-conditioned rooms are also short of fresh air, which reduces the content of dissolved oxygen. It should be ventilated timely, which is beneficial to the growth of hydroponic flowers and human health. There are places with large-scale hydroponic flower furnishings, it is more necessary to do this work well.

The light needed by hydroponic flowers

Static hydroponics choose more shade-resistant and shade-loving foliage flowers and a small number of flowers. The characteristic of this kind of flower is that it does not need strong direct light during the growing period, and some flower varieties grow well in a more shady environment. Generally placed in the indoor, living room, office, as long as there are doors and windows through the scattered light and indoor lighting, can fully meet its needs for lighting. If the light is too weak, the leaves of flowers can not carry out normal photosynthesis, can not accumulate enough nutrition, poor growth. Some colored leaf flowers, such as colored leaf grass, variable leaf wood, etc. in a weak light environment, will lose the color of the leaves and become dull, this kind of flowers can maintain the luster of leaf color only in the environment where the light is more sufficient and is not directed by strong light.

Plant growth has phototaxis, the orientation of flowers should be rotated regularly, this work can be combined with cleaning utensils and changing nutrient solution, and the flowers after root cleaning can be rotated 180 degrees relative to the original orientation, so that the flowers will not grow on one side, and the top tip will always be straight and straight upward.

How hydroponic Flowers survive the Winter safely

How to survive the winter of hydroponic flowers

In general, flowers dormant when they are below 5-8 degrees Celsius, and tissue necrosis occurs when they are below 0 degrees Celsius. Therefore, if the indoor temperature is above 5 degrees Celsius, hydroponic flowers can generally survive the winter safely; in winter in the south, the indoor temperature is generally not lower than 5 degrees Celsius, if the extremely low temperature weather occurs for a few days, it can be solved by lighting a 60-watt incandescent lamp above the flowers to solve the problem; while in the north, because there is mostly indoor heating, it can also meet the safety of hydroponic flowers to survive the winter.

Why do hydroponic flowers change water?

Because plants absorb water and inorganic salts from the nutrient solution, the nutrients in the nutrient solution will become less and less, and because of the respiration and metabolism of roots, there will be more and more harmful substances in the water. So hydroponic flowers should be replaced with a new nutrient solution after a period of growth. In fact, this and soil cultivation of flowers is the same reason, soil cultivation of flowers to fertilize and change the soil once a year is also the reason. Hydroponic flowers in the vigorous growth of spring and summer water change time interval is shorter, slow growth in autumn and winter can be longer.

Cyclamen hydroponics

Planting cyclamen in water has only begun to appear in Europe in the last year or two. Because this cultivation method makes cyclamen break away from the traditional flowerpot and matrix, it is clean and beautiful, and it can endow the blooming cyclamen plant with a variety of cultivation and application forms. As soon as it appears in the market, it has won the warm welcome of consumers. In fact, cyclamen is not difficult to grow in water. First of all, we should choose satisfactory cyclamen potted flowers and prepare containers for hydroponic cyclamen, so that when the preparation work is completed, we can begin to make hydroponic cyclamen. Hydroponic cyclamen should deduct the bought cyclamen potted flowers together with the substrate (flower soil) from the basin, put them under the faucet and wash the matrix clean with a gentle flow of water, or you can put the plant together with the matrix in a water basin filled with water. rinse the matrix in water, and then rinse it with tap water. Note that the action must be gentle in the whole process of removing the matrix to avoid damage to the roots of cyclamen. Washed cyclamen plants can be placed in a pre-prepared hydroponic container, plus water, beautiful hydroponic cyclamen is made.

It should be pointed out that there is no need to add any fertilizer to the water to cultivate cyclamen. The nutrients in the bulb roots of cyclamen can maintain the normal growth and flowering of cyclamen plants for 6 weeks. At the same time, the height of the water surface should be kept below the bulb. In general, according to the evaporation of water, water can be added to the container twice a week to maintain the height of the water surface.

In fact, in cyclamen hydroponics, cyclamen plant is only one of the factors. In order to make hydroponic cyclamen with distinctive characteristics and outstanding personality, it also depends on the selection of hydroponic utensils and the combination of cyclamen plants. It all depends on the producer's unique perspective and flexible creativity.

Water culture method of keeping ball orchid and root in water

The orchid has always been cultivated with soil. Through the experiment of exposed root hydroponics, it has the following characteristics: ① saving labor, ② sanitation, less ③ diseases and insect pests, simple ④ management, long flowering period of ⑤, and ⑥ appreciating leaves and flowers with considerable roots.

The method of water culture of dew root is:

(-) Seedling treatment: dig up the soil-grown orchids, wash them with clean water, cut off withered leaves and leaves of diseases and insect pests, and soak them in diluted flower nutrient solution for half a day.

(2) on the basin: take a glass bottle or vase (without bottom hole), put several beautiful river stones at the bottom of the bottle, move the treated orchid seedlings onto the river stone of the vase, unfold the roots, add clear water, add flower nutrient solution, and place them indoors or in a cool place.

(3) Management: first, spray leaves with clear water once a day, spray leaves with flower nutrient solution every three to four days after one or two days: change water on one side every 15 days, and add nutrient solution after changing water; third, one month after the pot, the head of orchid is injected with flower nutrient solution, half a milliliter at a time, and then once a month to promote growth, flowering and prolong flowering.

(4) it can blossom in about two to three months after potting. Flowers withered after pruning, change water, add nutrient injection, can blossom again.

There is a difference between hydroponic culture and hydroponic cultivation of flowers.

In recent years, some hydroponic and hydroponic flowers are favored by people because of their freshness and environmental protection, elegant style, easy maintenance and easy combination. On the face of it, hydroponic and hydroponic flowers are cultivated in the same form, that is, liquid conservation, so many people confuse the two. In fact, they are obviously different.

Flowers used for water culture generally have inflated bulbs, which are rich in nutrients, and their growth and flowering mainly rely on their own stored nutrients. During cultivation, it is only necessary to soak the roots in clean water and fix them without supplying nutrients. The main flowers suitable for water cultivation are daffodils, tulips, hyacinth, rich bamboo and so on. In order to make hydroponic flowers grow luxuriantly and blossom brightly, the key is to select fully developed bulbs to provide nutrients for their growth process; the second is to change water frequently and change water every 2-3 days (rich bamboo every 7-10 days) to maintain sufficient oxygen content in water and improve root activity; third, to maintain sufficient sunshine to make it grow healthily.

Hydroponic flower culture is to fix the plant root on the cover or floating board of the flowerpot and soak the root system in water, which must be equipped with reasonable inorganic nutrition, so flower hydroponics is also called nutrient solution culture. The habits and internal structure of flowers suitable for hydroponic culture are suitable for normal growth in water. At present, the main varieties cultivated are orchid, orchid, crab claw orchid, Brazilian wood, evergreen, clump taro, tortoise back bamboo, gemstone flower, hanging bamboo plum, rooting and other plants.

Northeast University of China has adopted bioengineering mutagenesis technology and has developed nine series of more than 500 species of hydroponic flowers after 8 years of efforts, including both herbaceous flowers and woody flowers, cacti and succulent plants. It also includes flowering flowers such as orchid and Phalaenopsis. With the progress of technology, some high-grade flowers introduced from abroad in recent years, such as pineapple, Anthurium andraeanum, Zhu Dinghong, etc., have also successfully realized hydroponic culture. There are also some flowers with Chinese characteristics, such as tiger tongue orchid, etc., have also been domesticated by hydroponics.

The root characteristics of hydroponic flower plants have changed, root hairs have degenerated, and most of them are vertical straight roots, unlike hydroponic plants whose roots and root hairs are reticulated. After aquatic mutagenesis, the aquatic root gene of plants has been expressed, so the leaves of real aquatic flowers will increase and thicken, and the leaves and branches will be more fresh and tender than those growing in the soil.

The key to hydroponic flower culture is to prepare a good nutrient solution. Do not use metal containers or containers containing grease, acid and alkali in the preparation of nutrient solution. When using tap water to prepare nutrient solution, a small amount of humic acid compounds should be added to treat chlorides and sulfides in the water. Hydroponic flowers are added or changed once a week, and the pH value should be controlled between 5.5 and 6.5. The nutrient solution can be used as fertilizer for other crops.

Brief introduction of Flower hydroponic Culture Technology

Hydroponic culture of flowers is a common kind of soilless cultivation, there are many methods, several commonly used are briefly described as follows.

The deep liquid flow technique is characterized by the fact that the root system of the plant is wholly or partially immersed in the nutrient solution; the nutrient solution is mobile; the nutrient solution is mixed with air to dissolve oxygen.

Nutrient film (NFT) technology is developed on the basis of plastic bag technology. The plant can be cultivated by putting an appropriate amount of nutrient solution into the plastic bag, and on this basis, the plant can be further improved: the plastic bag is changed into a plastic film and laid on a grid of a certain shape; the nutrient solution is a thin layer 0.3 to 1.0 cm thick; part of the root system of the plant is immersed in the nutrient solution and part of it is exposed to moisture; the nutrient solution flows; the plastic film wraps the plant in white and black, forming a dark space inside.

The advantages are as follows: the oxygen demand of root respiration is well solved; the structure is simple and portable, the cost is low; the plant grows fast, is easy to manage, and is suitable for large-scale production.

In the technology of aerosol culture, the nutrient solution is sprayed around the plant roots after atomization, the fog condenses on the surface of the roots, and water is absorbed by the roots. The root is continuous or discontinuous in the environment of nutrient droplet saturation, which well solves the problem of water, nutrient and oxygen supply, and the plant production is fast. Fog culture can also be used in cutting seedlings.

The water solution of glass bottle can be coated with black plastic film around the bottle, or covered with black paint, or pasted with a layer of black paper, so that the bottle is opaque. Shading is beneficial to root growth and avoid algae growth. In summer, a layer of white paper should be placed on the outside of the black bottle to cool down. Tear off the white paper in winter, use foam board to do bottle cap, open a hole in the middle, clip the plant, cover the bottle cap, the top of the cap should also be black. Fill the bottle with nutrient solution, not too full, and leave pores for plants to breathe oxygen. If the water is inserted to promote the root, it is not necessary to use the nutrient solution, as long as the water can be injected, and then change the nutrient solution after the root grows. Specific operation process:

The seedlings can change the nutrient solution once a week according to the situation. Adult flowers are changed once a week in the summer peak growing season and once in 1 to 2 weeks in the non-growing season.

Take a breath and open the bottle cap for a while every morning and evening, leaving the roots completely exposed to the air. After a period of adaptation, there can be no ventilation for more than one month.

Rehydration flowers grow vigorously in summer and consume a lot of water, so you should always replenish water in the bottle to prevent the nutrient solution from drying up.

The preparation of hydroponic nutrient solution can be made with fertilizer tablets sold on the market or chemical fertilizers. If there are conditions, you can prepare it by yourself, and the formula is as follows:

Formula 1: (PH value 6mur6.5)

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.44g / L; potassium sulfate 0.14g / L; calcium nitrate 0.59g / L; ammonium nitrate 0.19g / L; magnesium sulfate 0.53g / L; trace elements 2ml; Fe-EDTA2 ml.

Formula 2: (PH value 6Mui 65)

Calcium nitrate 1.64g / L; magnesium sulfate 0.98g / L; potassium nitrate 1.01g / L; trace elements 2ml; potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.27g / L; Fe-EDTA2 ml.

Preparation method of trace element solution:

Boric acid 2.86g, zinc oxide 0.11g, manganese chloride 181g, copper dichloride 0.05g, sodium molybdate 0.025 g. The above drugs are dissolved in 800ml of water and then dissolved to 1000 ml.

Multi-method hydroponic culture of flowers

① water interpolation is the simplest and most successful method. Cut off a part of the stem and branch from the selected flower mother plant, insert it into the water, take root and sprout in a suitable environment and grow into a new plant. When cutting branches, they should be cut at 3-5 mm below the node, and the cross section should be flat and there should be no longitudinal cracks. When cutting branches with aerial roots, the aerial roots should be protected and inserted into the water. Green pineapple, rich bamboo and so on are suitable for hydroponic culture.

② root washing method: select flowers with ornamental value, strong growth, soil cultivation (or other media) formed flowers, remove soil, wash roots and change to hydroponic culture, it is best to use flowing water when washing roots. The washed flowers are planted in prepared utensils and injected with tap water that does not pass through the root system. Initially change the water once a day, wash the roots and utensils at the same time, and reduce the number of water changes after a week. Waiting for the cultivated flowers to grow new roots in the water shows that they have adapted to the hydroponic environment and can change the water every 7-10 days or even longer.

③ stripping method of tillering buds: suitable for flowers with strong tillering ability, such as orchid, pineapple and so on. The method is simple and the survival rate is high. Select the larger tiller bud, remove the connection between the upper soil and the mother plant, peel the tiller bud off the mother plant (protect the root of the tiller bud) with hand or sharp blade, wash the soil attached to the root, and cultivate it by hydroponic culture.

④ picking stem small plant method: some flowers grow in the growth process, there are one or more small plants on the walking stem, most of them have a small number of fully developed roots, such as Cymbidium and pineapple have this characteristic, take advantage of this characteristic of flowers, pick the shaped plantlets hydroponic culture, very simple.

Hydroponic flowers should choose tortoise back bamboo, gentleman orchid, green apple, iron orchid, Guangdong evergreen, purple back evergreen, rich bamboo, hanging orchid and bulb flower tulips, lilies, hyacinth, Zhu Dinghong, calamus orchid and so on.

Strategies for the difficulties of hydroponic Flower cultivation in Summer

First, where are the difficulties of hydroponic flowers in summer?

Answer: hydroponic flowers are used to cultivate ornamental plants in a non-solid medium (water or adding an appropriate amount of plant nutrient solution to water). At present, most of the hydroponic flowers in the family are cultivated in still water, and the dissolved oxygen is lower than 1mg/l, and the flowers barely maintain life in anoxic utensils. With the increase of temperature in summer, the vigorous physiological metabolism of plants, the multiplication of microorganisms, the sharp increase of oxygen consumption, the continuous decrease of dissolved oxygen and the deterioration of water quality, many unfavorable factors are formed for the growth of hydroponic flowers, which may cause root rot and wilting of branches and leaves. even kill the whole flower. Therefore, in summer, in addition to preventing heat and high temperature, increasing the oxygen content of nutrient solution is the key to ensure the safety of hydroponic flowers in summer.

Water with silver grass

Second, how to improve the content of dissolved oxygen in nutrient solution?

Answer: there are many ways to increase dissolved oxygen, which can be summarized as chemical method and physical method. The following are several methods that are easy to operate and effective.

1. Increase the number of times to change nutrient solution

Changing the nutrient solution is the easiest way to increase dissolved oxygen. According to the measurement, the dissolved oxygen content of the fresh nutrient solution is 70%-90% higher than that of the original solution, which can improve the physiological hypoxia of flowers in time.

Flowers that have taken root in water are suitable to change the nutrient solution no more than 7 days in 3-5 days. When changing the nutrient solution, pay attention to the temperature difference between the new solution and the original solution should not be too large, too large temperature difference may cause flower root physiological disorder.

When changing the liquid, we should patiently rinse the roots with clean water, remove withered and rotten roots, and truncate the aged roots to promote the growth of new roots.

If the nutrient solution suddenly becomes turbid, or there are mosquito eggs or mosquito breeding, you should immediately replace the new nutrient solution.

two。 Vibrating oxygenation

③ change the liquid. Hydroponic Magnolia needs to change liquid regularly, the number of liquid change depends on the weather conditions, when the temperature is low, it can be changed about once a month; when the temperature is high, it can be changed once every 10 days, pay attention to wash the cultivation container when changing liquid.

How to scientifically cultivate Zhu Dinghong in water

In early winter, choose one or more red balls that have flowered or not flowered, cut off all the roots and leaves, peel off the dark brown skin, reveal white and green, and soak in clean water. After about 48 hours, take out the ball, wash off the paste of the incision with clean water, dry and put it into the flower organ. Flower utensils can be bowls, pots or daffodils, etc., put into washed pebbles, perlite, absorbent rocks, etc., and then put on the treated Zhu Dinghong bulb. Then pour in clear water, preferably clear spring water (if tap water is used, it must be placed for a few days). The depth of the water should be about 1 cm lower than that of cushions such as pebbles or flower utensils. The leaves and roots began to grow after about 10 ℃ at room temperature. The water in the basin should always be kept at the original water level. When the leaf grows to 2-3 cm, it is necessary to replenish fertilizer in time, and add 1% urea solution or 0.03% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or other compound fertilizer solution containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium every 10-20 days. At the end of the next spring, the bulbs with roots were planted in flowerpots for routine maintenance. In this way, the hydroponic bulbs bloom a little later than other conventional potted plants, just in time for the summer blooming period.

Technical management of hydroponics

1. What is hydroponics? Answer: hydroponic culture, also known as soilless cultivation or nutrient solution cultivation, is an agricultural production technology that uses nutrient solution and its supporting facilities to cultivate crops without soil. In order to fix the plant and increase the air content, most hydroponic plants use inert sand, gravel, peat and perlite as solid matrix, so it is also called sand culture, gravel culture, peat culture and so on. Since the history of human cultivation, crops have been planted on the soil, so the word agriculture in English is an Agrculfure synthesized by Agr and Culture. In 1699, British scientist Woodward used three different kinds of water, namely, Rain Water, river and garden soil leachate, to grow peppermint. As a result, the mint planted with garden soil extract grew the fastest. Therefore, it is concluded that "the growth of plants is determined by some substances in the soil". Unfortunately, due to technical limitations at that time, Woodward did not conduct further research. Until 1859 Mel-1865, German scientists Satchis and Knopp carried out the first accurate experiment of soilless cultivation and succeeded in cultivating plants with artificial nutrient solution made of inorganic salts. They called this method hydroponic culture. Sargis and Knopp are therefore recognized as the founders of soilless cultivation technology.

◆ 2. What are hydroponic flowers? A: hydroponic flowers are flowers grown using soilless cultivation techniques. Hydroponic flowers are divided into hydroponic flowers with media and hydroponic flowers without media. Hydroponic culture with medium is the sand culture and gravel culture mentioned above; media-free hydroponic flowers are divided into direct hydroponic flowers, floating hydroponic flowers, planting basket hydroponic flowers, atomized hydroponic flowers, drip irrigation under nutrient film and other cultivation forms. Each cultivation form has its own advantages and disadvantages, but if it is only measured in terms of beauty and home cultivation applicability, direct hydroponics is the most fashionable, beautiful and simple, so the hydroponic plants sold on the market are generally direct hydroponics.

◆ 3. Why is nutrient solution the key to the success of hydroponic flower culture? Answer: we all know that soilless cultivation is a very simple and mature technology when using inert substrate as a medium in a greenhouse environment, because there are computers to timely control humidity, temperature, light intensity, nutrient injection time, and so on, as well as specialized technicians to test the PH of nutrient solution and the balance of various elements with acidity meters and conductometers, which are difficult to achieve when used in a home environment. First of all, if the hydroponic flowers placed in the home are still cultivated in the matrix, there is no difference in aesthetics with soil cultivation, so the hydroponic flowers in the home should be soilless cultivation without medium. in the case of no medium, the plant is easy to have rotten roots and stink; this requires that the nutrient solution must be able to make the plant not rotten root, smell, smell and grow normally. In addition, household hygiene needs, which requires that the nutrient solution is not easy to breed mosquitoes and is non-toxic. In addition, the light at home can not be adjusted at any time like a solar greenhouse, which requires that the nutrient solution should be able to reduce the threshold of plant photosynthesis, so that it can grow well in the office and home environment. What's more, it is impossible to require every user to have special botanical knowledge like a botanist, so the nutrient solution must be easy to use and easy to operate, and everyone will learn it. Therefore, hydroponic flowers suitable for home cultivation have higher technical requirements for nutrient solution. Since mankind mastered the technology of soilless cultivation, scientists have successfully studied no less than tens of thousands of nutrient solution formulations, but it is very rare for nutrient solution formulations to meet the above requirements at the same time. Moreover, because of commercial interests, major flower companies regard their own nutrient solution technology as the first secret technology, so the nutrient solution formula that can be obtained from public data is only a theoretical or experimental formulation. can only be used as a reference material and can not be used in production activities. As a matter of fact, whether a nutrient solution is suitable for use in a household environment, as long as you try it, you only need to see whether the plant it shows is growing vigorously and with or without water roots, because it is still the same saying: "practice is the only criterion for testing truth!"

◆ 4. How can hydroponic flowers survive the winter safely? Answer: general flowers dormant when below 5-8 degrees Celsius, and tissue necrosis occurs when below 0 degrees Celsius. Therefore, if the indoor temperature is above 5 degrees Celsius, hydroponic flowers can generally survive the winter safely; in winter in the south, the indoor temperature is generally not lower than 5 degrees Celsius, if the extremely low temperature weather occurs for a few days, it can be solved by lighting a 60-watt incandescent lamp above the flowers to solve the problem; while in the north, because there is mostly indoor heating, it can also meet the safety of hydroponic flowers to survive the winter.

◆ 5. Can hydroponic flowers only cultivate some specific flowers? A: in modern greenhouses, generally speaking, our common popular flowers can be hydroponically cultivated. But in the home environment, because some specific conditions can not be met, so at present can only cultivate some semi-shady and shady flowers, in the balcony home suitable varieties are more.

◆ 6. Can ornamental fish grow normally in hydroponic flowers? How to deal with the change of water and normal feeding? A: because the "hydroponic Flower King" nutrient solution is completely non-toxic and rich in all kinds of minerals, fish can grow well in it. Each of our specialty stores has a model for raising fish in hydroponic flowers, just to tell guests this information. Generally speaking, the volume of more than one liter of hydroponic flowers is suitable for fish culture, and because the volume is limited, there should be a choice in the species of fish. Should choose some more adaptable fish species, such as goldfish, Xiao Jinli, etc., some aggressive or destructive fish should not be raised in hydroponic flowers, because it will harm plant roots; and some delicate fish are not suitable, because raising in a special aquarium is difficult to succeed, not to mention in a small vase with relatively poor conditions. The change of water can be carried out at the same time as the normal change of water for flowers, and it is the same as we usually raise fish in the fish tank, and there is no difference. As the special substances in the "hydroponic Flower King" nutrient solution can improve the oxygen solubility of water to facilitate the respiration of plant roots, fish generally do not lack oxygen in the nutrient solution, so there is no need to install oxygenation equipment on non-particularly hot days.

◆ 7. What are the water requirements for hydroponic flower dilution? Answer: the nutrient solution of Shuipaihuawang is highly concentrated and must be diluted before it can be used; when diluted, tap water can fully meet the requirements, and there is no need to use barreled water or pure water. If well water or river water is used, water quality tests should be carried out to understand the mineral content in the water. If the mineral content in the water exceeds the standard, the formula of the nutrient solution should be adjusted to facilitate the normal growth of plants. In the process of dilution, tap water can be directly used to dilute the nutrient solution without waiting for the chlorine in the water to volatilize, because the unique formula of the king of hydroponics will make the chlorine in the tap water volatilize quickly. however, if the difference between water temperature and room temperature is too big, it is necessary to let the diluted nutrient solution sit indoors for a period of time to prevent plant root hair damage caused by sudden changes in temperature, causing plant wilting.

◆ 8. What is planting basket hydroponics? Answer: planting basket hydroponic culture is a kind of hydroponic cultivation method based on the hydrotaxis principle of plant roots. The principle of hydrotaxis is that the root tip of a plant always grows in the direction of sufficient water, which is shown in that when the topsoil of a plant is short of water, in order to protect itself, its root tip will grow into a deeper soil. In order to absorb the water needed for plant growth and development and adapt to natural changes, the root growth has a very obvious direction: plants growing in swamps or water will not lack water, so the root growth is more chaotic. There is no obvious direction. So if you put a potted plant on the mouth of a wide-mouth glass bottle filled with water, the bottom does not need to be in direct contact with water, and the interval is about 1cm. The bonsai is not watered and only sprays a small amount of water. After about a week or so, the root at the bottom of the bonsai will grow into the water. At this time, you do not need to add water to make its roots grow longer and longer as the water level drops. If you use some fast-growing plants to do experiments, the effect will be more obvious. Similarly, you take off the bonsai that is already full of roots in the water and fix the plant with a planting basket, and decorate it with stones or decorations to become a pot of hydroponic flowers. The difference is that because there is no soil, you have to change the water into a nutrient solution. It's as simple as that.

◆ 9. Why do hydroponic flowers change water? Answer: because plants absorb water and inorganic salts from the nutrient solution, the nutrients in the nutrient solution will become less and less, and because of root respiration and metabolism, there will be more and more harmful substances in the water. So hydroponic flowers should be replaced with a new nutrient solution after a period of growth. In fact, this and soil cultivation of flowers is the same reason, soil cultivation of flowers to fertilize and change the soil once a year is also the reason. Hydroponic flowers in the vigorous growth of spring and summer water change time interval is shorter, slow growth in autumn and winter can be longer.

◆ 10. Why do hydroponic flowers sometimes become weaker and weaker or grow less exuberant? Answer: it is possible that the time interval of changing liquid is too long, the proportion of nutrient solution is not right (too light or too thick) or the light is too weak. If you rule out these factors, it depends on whether the high water level of nutrient solution makes the plant roots unable to breathe normally and cause hypoxia; if these are not, then we suggest that you had better consult the franchise store of Shuihua King.

The Disclosure of hydroponic Flower Market-- distinguishing true and false hydroponic flowers

At present, many companies have joined hydroponic flower shops, and there is an uproar all over the country, especially a company franchise store in Beijing will spread all over the country. As a researcher, I did not want to express my point of view. however, in order to maintain the healthy development of hydroponic flowers in our country, I have to complain about everything. Because the scam will not only damage the interests of consumers, but also cast a shadow on the hydroponic industry. at present, it is the low temperature season, and the respiration of plants is weak. After washing their roots, plants can be soaked in water for a period of time. Drowning-tolerant plants, such as Araceae, can be raised in water for 1-2 months, but as soon as the weather becomes hot and the physiological respiration of plants is strong, there will be hypoxia and rotting roots immediately. It is only one of the epiphyllum to buy dozens or hundreds of hydroponic works, which not only harms the interests of consumers, but also greatly affects the development of hydroponic industry. Now it reveals the "deception" from a scientific point of view.

1. The plants sold in the franchise store are basically Araceae plants. In winter, the growth rate of these plants slows down and their respiration becomes weaker. In addition, Araceae plants have a close relationship with aquatic plants and have strong drowning tolerance. Directly soaked in water after root washing, there is no uncomfortable reaction on the plant for a while, but it is impossible for it to thrive in water. It can only maintain the balance of water metabolism. The absorption of nutrients and respiratory function are seriously hindered, as soon as the weather becomes hot, the roots will be anoxic, stink and rot. Other terrestrial plants cannot achieve this method at all, so this is the main reason why they can only engage in Araceae plants to "deceive" at present. Their so-called mutagenic solution. I think it's better and more practical to call it "decoy". It is impossible for plants to change their tissue structure in a few minutes.

2. The high franchise fee charged by franchise sales is itself a kind of commercial hype, and if the goods are genuine, and if the technology is unique, it can also be said to be able to dominate the market truly has the significance of joining, and now this kind of joining can be said to be a fraud of money. one of its technologies has no scientific and technological content, that is, washing its roots and soaking in water, even fools can be concocted at a glance, and falsely, some training fees amount to 18800 yuan. Second, after decades of development, hydroponic technology itself is no longer a unique technology of a certain company, and it is impossible to monopolize the market by joining. Other hydroponic flower shops can also operate, and the funds are better and the technology is better than that of franchisees. Turning off the franchise fee is tantamount to being wasted. The real hydroponic flowers are not suitable for long-distance transport. in fact, what they are selling now are all the products after washing the roots of soil-grown seedlings, so it may be more accurate to say that pure-root flowers.

3. Hint: Araceae plants can be soaked in water for a period of time after root washing in late autumn, winter and early spring. We might as well give it a try. There is no need for decoy solution at all.

I have studied hydroponics for many years, and foreign countries have also investigated several countries with more developed hydroponics technology. It can be said that there are a large number of fraudsters in this kind of hydroponics market in China. But in the end, these joining scams will be cleared out by history and science. Remind everyone to polish your eyes and not to be induced by the decoy.

How to distinguish between true and false hydroponic flowers

True and false hydroponic flowers are actually the difference between induced flowers and non-induced flowers. at present, many hydroponic flower operators do not understand hydroponic flowers from a scientific point of view, but only from the perspective of commercial hype and personal profits. sell some conventional soil plants as hydroponic plants to fool consumers, resulting in a very bad social impact. After some citizens bought it at a high price, they died because of the physiological discomfort of the plants, which seriously hindered the healthy development of the hydroponic flower industry. In view of this problem, buyers can distinguish between true and false from the following aspects, in order to prevent being fooled.

A. look at the root morphology to distinguish between true and false: the induced hydroponic flowers usually exist in the form of whisker-shaped adventitious roots, unlike the roots in the soil, there are main roots, lateral roots, capillaries and root hairs, that is, they do not exist in the state of secondary roots of multi-stage branches. even if there are grades, they are based on a small number of bifurcated roots on the basis of fibrous adventitious roots. In addition, the number of primary adventitious roots of some original radicle plants increased significantly after induction, that is, the proportion of roots increased greatly, and the number of roots was large and developed, like a beard.

B, look at the color of the root system to distinguish between true and false: most of the aquatic roots of plants induced by aquatic plants have the characteristics of white, brittle and tender, even for some varieties that show natural roots, the color of aquatic roots is obviously lighter than that of terrestrial roots, such as yellowish white, light yellow, light brown and so on. This is related to the well-developed parenchyma of aquatic roots and no or less cork-like Lignification of cell wall thickening.

C, to distinguish between true and false from the integrity of roots: the aquatic-induced roots are re-grown and differentiated from the primary adventitious roots, and they are all completed in the water environment, with root integrity, while some soil-cultivated plants, although carefully washed, there are always slight damage or serious residual roots, which is difficult for soil-washed seedlings to achieve.

D, distinguish between true and false from the clarity of water: fake hydroponic works made by soil-washing seedlings, because the roots fail to form the adaptability of water, in an anaerobic environment, a large number of toxic intermediate metabolites will be discharged because of anaerobic respiration, so that the water in the container will quickly become mixed or deteriorated, and the turbid and opaque feeling shown by visual observation, that is, the water quality deteriorates or stinks, and the roots rot until the seedlings die.

E, the leaf angle is also true or false: especially for many herbaceous flowers which are very sensitive to ethylene, the leaf planting angle of many herbaceous flowers which are very sensitive to ethylene is obviously more flat than that of soil-washed seedlings, that is, the upper growth leads to the increase of the angle, even sagging.

Increase the content of dissolved oxygen in hydroponic nutrient solution

Except that the requirements of environmental factors such as light, temperature and humidity of hydroponic flowers are exactly the same as those of soil cultivation, the requirements of water, fertilizer and oxygen are very different in management-water: domestic hydroponic flowers should use soft water as water source. tap water in line with national standards can be used generally. Tap water after filtration, precipitation, sterilization treatment, clean and hygienic, pH below 7, can be safely used to cultivate hydroponic flowers. River water, lake water, pond water and well water are polluted to varying degrees, and the nutrients are serious, and all kinds of ions may vary greatly. if the content of one of these ions exceeds the standard, plants will be damaged or poisoned for a long time, so it is not suitable to be used as a water source for hydroponic flowers. Fertilizer: domestic hydroponic flowers must use low concentration special nutrient solution based on nitrate fertilizer. Hydroponic flower nutrient solution generally contains all the necessary nutrient elements for flower growth, the proportion of various elements is balanced, and the inorganic salt is in an ionic state, which is suitable for different flower varieties and their nutrient needs at different growth and development stages. And non-toxic, harmless, appropriate pH, conducive to nutrition absorption. It is not advisable to crush soil fertilizer and granular fertilizer for hydroponic flowers. Short-term use may have no obvious effect on flowers, if long-term application will inevitably hinder the normal physiological metabolism. What's more, organic fertilizer is not allowed to be used as the fertilizer source of hydroponic flowers. The diluted urine can be used for foliar spraying and should never be added to the nutrient solution. Oxygen: domestic hydroponic flowers, water (nutrient solution) is in a static state, dissolved oxygen is lower than / ppm/L, flowers barely maintain life in anoxic vessels, it is common for their roots to reverse growth and extend to the liquid surface in order to breathe more oxygen. Therefore, increasing the oxygen content of hydroponic nutrient solution is very necessary for the normal growth of flowers, especially in summer. There are several simple and easy ways to increase dissolved oxygen: 1. Increase the number of times to change the nutrient solution 2. Vibrate and increase oxygen, fix the flower plant in one hand, and gently shake the vessel in the other for more than 10 times. After shaking, the dissolved oxygen content of the nutrient solution can be increased by about 30%. 3. Add an appropriate amount of "solid oxygen" to the nutrient solution or 1% hydrogen peroxide (3% hydrogen peroxide). 4. Using miniature submersible pump or aeration pump (all standard products of aquarium) to carry out waterfall gas to the nutrient solution, plant roots can obtain sufficient oxygen in such an environment, the respiration is very exuberant, and promote the healthy growth of flowers.

Discern the false technology of hydroponic flowers at a glance

Hydroponic flowers, the combination of dynamic and static co-culture of flower and fish is its first intuitive impression. The earlier concept in China first sprouted at the beginning of the 21st century. (although some people planted some hydroponic plants such as Araceae and rich bamboos in water at the earliest, but this concept does not belong to the popular concept of "hydroponic flowers". Rising in 2003, many enterprises with market vision devoted themselves to the preliminary research and planning work in this industry, and in the case of the broadcast of "hydroponic Flowers" on CCTV 7 and 2 programs, hydroponic flowers flourished from 2004 to 2005. Hydroponic flowers have blossomed all over the country, providing technical learning and training, base production, and joining flower shops. Many false enterprises and individuals of hydroponic flower companies put on a show in the market under the stimulation of profits. on the one hand, it has contributed to the hype of the concept of hydroponic flower market in China. let a lot of citizens understand and understand this new concept and product. On the other hand, many investors and operators have become victims of this batch of market trends. As for 2006, those who have their own technological core and production capacity, and relatively strong economic strength and management ability, can still survive in such a chaotic market trend, there are very few who can survive. However, hydroponic flowers, a fashionable flower product, represents a new trend in the development of the flower industry. Driven by the economic interests of the market economy, there are still a small number of speculators in the market!

The author has been on this trip for three or four years and is more familiar with this industry. in view of the current mixed market of hydroponic flowers and plants, this article makes a systematic analysis and summary for the broad masses of people who love hydroponic flowers. and investors who are interested in joining the hydroponic flower industry to give a preliminary and comprehensive understanding for your reference:

Second, what is the real hydroponic flowers?

From a sensory point of view, the use of different types of glass vases, above the plant flowers (at present, the scope of hydroponic technology has been extended to other woody, vines, succulent plants, etc.), below to raise a few lovely small fish, that is, hydroponic flowers (plants)! But from the technical level, the real hydroponic flowers refer to the aquatic roots that change the physiological characteristics of their roots through a variety of biological, physical, computer and other technical means, and have plant ventilated tissue structure. and can adapt to water cultivation for a long time, can become a real hydroponic flower (plant)!

Third, how to identify real hydroponic flowers?

Judging from the sense: the present situation of hydroponic flower technology report 1, introduction: for a successful hydroponic plant, the root system of a successful hydroponic plant should be white, elegant and with more whiskers, which is very different from that of soil-cultivated plants. Soil-cultivated plant roots are dark black! (except for a few plant root color has a unique color, such as safflower after wood induction, from its root to its branches, the stem segments are all crimson! There are also some plants whose roots are nearly white after they are removed from the soil.

In addition, if the growth condition of the plant is not very robust and the leaves are drooping, it means that it has just been planted on the bottle and deceived the user to put it on! Even if it is induced, it cannot be sold as a commodity!

Technically, to judge:

Technically, to judge:

1) whether there is a professional technical level

If, as some businessmen say, all you need is the so-called "induction solution", "domestication solution" and "nutrient solution" to soak plants in water for a few days or hours, or some even say that hydroponic flowers can be cultivated in only tens of minutes or a few minutes, this can only be said by those who do not understand biotechnology, and those who understand biological principles all know that if there is a serious lack of oxygen in the water in the plant roots, the roots will soon breathe without oxygen and thus ferment. Rotten roots, so there are a lot of fermentation in the bottle, long mosquitoes, insects, turbid water is not clean and so on, the plant will soon die! Hydroponic flowers can be called hydroponic flowers only when they really induce the aquatic roots of plants and form hydroponic plants with aerated tissue and can adapt to the state of hypoxia in water. And the cultivation of aquatic roots can not be completed and realized by nutrient solution, it needs to integrate biological, physical, computer and other methods, after a long time of training, completely adapt to the water environment, in order to become a professional real hydroponic flowers!

2) do you have a strong level and ability of artistic combination?

Hydroponic flowers belong to medium-and high-grade consumption, and its ornamental value lies in the combination of artistic sense, each product lies in its artistic glass bottle container, beautiful plant shape, white and elegant root system, and the perfect combination of fish and water plants and other ornaments in the bottle! Is not a professional hydroponic flower works, in addition to the natural senses, a strong artistic combination can not be formed by the general beginner! From this technical level, we can tell at a glance whether manufacturers have such an aesthetic level!

3) whether there are facilities and fixed supply channels for the production of hydroponic flowers?

Whether there are facilities for the production of hydroponic flowers can also be seen whether businesses have the ability to produce hydroponic flowers, if there are neither fixed production facilities nor manufacturers with strength and brands as sources of supply, then such hydroponic flower providers are likely to be "hydroponic flowers" made by washing the roots of soil-grown plants!

To examine in terms of variety:

The hydroponic flower varieties that real professional hydroponic flower manufacturers can produce are not only those plants such as Araceae and crassulaceae, such as dripping Guanyin, Chunyu, Fugui bamboo, tortoise back bamboo, evergreen and other plants that are easy to raise in water. These plant varieties, themselves close to water, hydrophilic, the general method can be cultivated in water, professional producers should be all kinds of woody plants, all kinds of water-resistant plants. Such as iron tree, cactus, rich tree, flutong, and even such as yew, sweet-scented osmanthus, fruit trees can achieve hydroponic culture of plants! If the business can provide a single variety of plants, it must not belong to professional hydroponic flower manufacturers!

In terms of time:

Time is the final only criterion for testing hydroponic flowers. If they cannot adapt to hydroponic cultivation for a long time, they will die within a few days if they are only a flash in the pan. Many of these are hydroponic flowers that can be produced in a few hours after those speculators wash away their soil roots. In a few days, the flowers bloom and bloom. Therefore, for now, for those owners who cannot provide the shelf life of the goods, most of them are speculators, such as those who cannot provide the shelf life of the goods, it is recommended not to buy them, so as not to be fooled! Fourth, how to identify a real professional hydroponic flower manufacturer?

Driven by interests, many market speculators, in publicity, adopt various "formal" means of information transmission to fool the majority of consumers and investors, in order to make some of the real hydroponic flower technology, no base, no scale. Some without technical personnel are in scientific research institutes in national universities (such as Wuhan University, Beijing University of Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Huazhong Agricultural University, China Agricultural University, Beijing Forestry University, etc.) (such as Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, etc.) A scientific research center, etc.) several offices are rented in the institutions under the Ministry of Agriculture (such as the veteran cadre Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture, a technology center of the Ministry of Agriculture) or in the office building The so-called high-tech bag companies that began to advertise to make money and the technology transfer "guerrilla" companies with one shot to another have no foothold. It also makes it malicious to transfer some immature so-called "hydroponic flower technology" at a low price to lose the deceptive market, but also for you to learn these real technologies.

The author solemnly reminds: no matter you see similar technology or similar advertisements in any place or any media in the country, you must keep your eyes open, how open-minded you are, how many restaurants you see, and how much you compare. You must carefully compare the unit size, technical strength, personnel quality, product quality and after-sales service. {{remember: you must take a look at their florist products, and then ask them to call the franchisee, and try to go to the franchisee to have a look. To determine the authenticity of the technology, you may not provide it to you in many places, so you should think twice before you act. This is the most direct and final judgment, except of course. Those "high-level" companies will also use "medical care", "school care", "room care" and "wine care" to ignore you at the level of Zhao Benshan, which makes it impossible for you to guard against! You must carefully check the authenticity of the technology, training capabilities, and relevant documents; you must not be deceived by these so-called high-tech companies, which will bring unnecessary losses to your economy and spirit. In addition to distinguishing whether hydroponic flowers are real or not from the product approach, in fact, we can only pay more attention to see through many speculators one by one. Here are some experiences on how to fertilize hydroponic flowers outside their roots.

Static hydroponic cultivation of flowers is a cultivation method under the condition of anoxic root system, which will cause some defects to the normal development of flowers. In order to improve the quality of flowers, foliar fertilization can be used to supplement nutrient elements. During the vegetative growth period of flowers, 0.2% potassium nitrate dilution can be used to spray foliar.

Should use fine hole spray pot, try not to make fertilizer liquid loss, the back of the leaf should also be sprayed, spray once a week, spray twice during the growing period, can make hydroponic flowers flourish. Flowers suitable for leaf viewing and flower appreciation at the same time, such as taro, begonia, bamboo begonia, calla, etc., can be sprayed on the leaves once a week with 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate diluent during the budding period until the flowers bloom.