How to raise firethorn, the breeding methods and precautions / light of firethorn bonsai should be sufficient.

Hippophae rhamnoides is a common plant in people's life, which is highly ornamental, so many people want to raise one at home, but there are many places that need to be paid attention to if they want to raise it well, so how to raise it? What are the breeding methods and matters needing attention of firethorn bonsai? Next, the editor will take you to learn about it.

First, how to raise Firethorn

If you want to know how to raise pyracantha, first of all, we have to understand its growth habits. It is a kind of light-loving plant, so the more abundant the light in the process of breeding, the better it will grow, and in addition, watering, fertilization and other aspects can not be careless. Specific Firethorn culture techniques are described in detail below, and we go on to look at them.

2. culture methods and matters needing attention of firethorn bonsai

1. Soil selection

The demand for soil in the growth process of Pyracantha is not too high, but different soils still have a certain impact on its growth. We'd better choose a relatively loose humus soil, which has good drainage and air permeability. It can make Hippophae rhamnoides absorb nutrients better.

two。 Temperature control

Hippophae rhamnoides is a kind of plant with strong vitality, it has good resistance to high temperature and cold, even if the temperature is as low as 0 ℃, it can grow normally, but growing in a suitable environment can make it more robust, so in the process of breeding it, we had better control the temperature between 20-30 ℃.

3. Fertilization requirements

Fertilizer is one of the main nutrients in the growth process of Hippophae rhamnoides, especially during its growing period, the demand for fertilizer is very high, basically every 10 days, but we should pay attention to diluting the fertilizer before fertilizing. otherwise, it is easy to burn plants and cause yellowing of leaves, so we should keep this in mind.

4. Watering management

Hippophae rhamnoides is relatively resistant to drought, so when we water it, we should maintain the principle of "do not dry, do not water, water thoroughly", and remember not to water too much. If there is too much water and let Hippophae rhamnoides accumulate water, it is easy to cause its roots to rot, so when there is stagnant water, it must be cleaned in time.

5. Light management

In the cultivation methods and precautions of firethorn bonsai, light is very important for it. Hippophae rhamnoides is a kind of light-loving plant, and especially likes strong light. It can be said that the stronger the light, the better it will grow and bear more fruit. So when we breed it, it is best to put it in direct sunlight.

6. Regular pruning

Pyracantha in the natural growth state, its branches sometimes grow messy and irregular, so we need to prune it regularly, which can not only maintain the plant type, but also promote the growth of new branches. At the same time, pruning overgrown branches can also reduce the consumption of nutrients.

7. Pest control

In the growth process of Hippophae rhamnoides, if we raise it improperly, it is easy to have problems such as diseases and insect pests. This kind of problems do great harm to Hippophae rhamnoides, not only affect the ornamental, but also cause its death when it is serious. So we must deal with this problem in time. The specific treatment methods are introduced in the article on the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of Hippophae rhamnoides, which will not be repeated here.

Conclusion: after reading the above content, I believe we all have a certain understanding of how to raise firethorn. As long as we breed it in accordance with the above, our firethorn will surely grow luxuriantly. This is the end of the introduction on the breeding methods and matters needing attention of firethorn bonsai. I hope I can bring some help to you.

How to raise fire thorn bonsai culture method

Firethorn bonsai is very popular because of its green leaves and beautiful tree shape, which can watch leaves, flowers and fruits, so it is very suitable for being placed at home. Next, I will tell you about the method of bonsai culture of firethorn.

1. Watering:

The firethorn stump in the first pot is watered at 8 o'clock in the morning and 6 o'clock in the afternoon, and all the branches are sprayed with water each time. After the new buds grow 5cm~6cm, you can water once a day, pay attention to the basin soil is not too wet, so as not to affect the normal growth of new roots. After the new buds grow out of 8cm~10cm, the new roots have been basically formed at this time. It can be seen that the basin soil is not dry or irrigated, and then poured enough until the basin bottom is running water.

two。 Fertilization:

Due to the limited space of the pot, less soil and insufficient nutrients, in order to make potted firethorn grow vigorously, it is impossible without fertilizer, but we must grasp the time and quantity of fertilization. In order to give full play to the efficiency of fertilizer and meet the needs of the growth of firethorn stump, the new pile is generally not fertilized from March to April, and 0.2% urea solution is sprayed on the basin soil and leaves every 10 days from May to June. From July to September, rapeseed cake water was applied every 10 days, from October to December, once in 15 days after being diluted with 10% chicken manure, and stopped from January to February of the following year.

With the above fertilization methods, the new branches can grow thick 1cm-1.5cm in the same year, and the shaped firethorn bonsai will also blossom and bear fruit year after year, and the fruit is many, big and bright, which can fully reflect its ornamental effect.

3. Change the basin:

Fire thorn bonsai fruit every year, the consumption of nutrients is very fast, generally large and deep pots change soil every two years, small and shallow pots need to change soil once a year. The best time to change the basin is from late February to Qingming Festival. Before the new buds germinate, remove the leaves and fruits and change the basin with nutritious soil with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. When changing the basin, take the plant out of the basin, then use a small shovel or bamboo to remove 1/3 of the old roots and old soil around and at the bottom, and then put gauze or broken tiles on the water holes in the basin to facilitate ventilation and drainage.

Lay a layer of nutritious soil, and then put the plants into people, fill the soil on the one hand, and tamp the soil with small sticks or bamboo slices on the other. The soil must be lcm~2cm lower than the basin mouth to facilitate watering. After the change of soil, the first time the water should be fully watered, and then it will be managed normally. Do not move the firethorn bonsai that has been changed frequently, so as not to harm the growth of new roots and change the orientation of the plant, affecting the ornamental effect.

4. Pruning:

Pruning in time and promoting the hanging of fruit branches are very important for the next year. The branches of Hippophae rhamnoides grow very fast, so they should be pruned in time to promote the twigs that hang fruit. Especially in autumn, it is necessary to cut the branches in place and maintain a good tree shape, because as soon as the new branches grow in the next year, they will blossom and bear fruit. If they are not cut in autumn, the flowers of the following year will bloom on the branches at the front end, and then cut off the hanging fruit branches.

So the tree type in late autumn is basically the tree type that hangs fruit in the following year. The new branches that grow after hanging fruit on the branches can be cut off at any time to keep the crown width of the plant unchanged, and the hanging fruits are all in the outer layer of the crown width. After ripening, the ornamental effect is the best.

5. Disease prevention and pest control:

Due to environmental factors, Pyracantha is easy to get powdery mildew, harming leaves, twigs, flowers and fruits. This is due to lack of light, poor ventilation and long shading time. Spraying Bordeaux solution, stone sulfur mixture or carbendazim can be used for control. There are mainly two kinds of pests that harm the growth of firethorn: one is the piercing shell insect, which can make the stump growth decline, or even the whole plant die. The shell insect has a waxy layer, so it is difficult for drugs to enter the insect body.

Prevention and control methods:

You should observe it frequently. If you find a shell worm, you should immediately remove it with wire, stick or knife. The medicine can use 0.1% oil floating agent, spray the tree body, bury carbofuran according to 1 ‰ of the basin soil, and kill the insect through internal absorption. Second, aphids are easy to occur in spring and autumn. Aphids harm the tree stump and distort the new shoots and tender leaves, and the feces excreted by aphids fall on the leaves and fruits to form small black spots, affecting the ornamental effect of firethorn bonsai. All aphids can be killed by spraying 1000 times of omethoate or 800 times of dichlorvos twice in a row.

The above is for you to introduce the firethorn bonsai culture method, I hope it can help you, more household knowledge please pay attention.

How to raise firethorn bonsai? Maintenance of firethorn bonsai

How to raise firethorn bonsai? Maintenance of firethorn bonsai

Hippophae rhamnoides alias torch fruit, life-saving grain, Chiyangzi, Doujinang, water rubbing seed, Rosaceae, Firethorn genus, plant height of 1 to 3 meters, leaves Obovate, bright green, compound corymbose inflorescences, white flowers. The fruit is round, the ripe fruit is bright red, it does not wither after frost, and the red fruit hangs branches until the following spring.

The summer sun is hot and the snow-white flowers are in full bloom. In the courtyard or bedroom, such as snow jade firethorn flowers to add a cool.

Winter snow, and firethorn green branches and green leaves, fruit red as fire, warm and lovely.

The root, stem, branch, flower and fruit of Hippophae rhamnoides have high ornamental value. It is an excellent plant for watching flowers in spring and fruit in winter.

Firethorn is distributed in Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other provinces and regions. All belong to 10 species, 7 species are produced in China, and many excellent cultivated varieties have been cultivated abroad.

The production and cultivation methods of firethorn bonsai:

First, Miao Yuan.

The seedling source of firethorn bonsai can be propagated by sowing and cutting. Sowing can be sowed in spring after budding in early spring. Cutting, can be in spring February-March, choose 2012 stout branches, cut 10-15 cm long segments as cuttings, cut along with cutting. Can also be in the plum rain season for tender cuttings, so easy to survive. The nurtured seedlings are usually 3-4 years before they can bear fruit. In order to make it take shape as soon as possible, hardwood cuttings with fruit can be selected, and fruit cuttings are usually carried out in summer. Choose vermiculite, sand or sawdust as substrate and disinfect before insertion.

Second, modeling.

Firethorn bonsai should adopt the modeling method of coarse binding and fine cutting, which is generally carried out in autumn. first, the trunk is roughly tied into different forms such as oblique stem or lying dry with iron wire or brown wire, and then it is cultivated for a period of time, and then the pile landscape layer is trimmed and shaped according to the design, so that the whole tree shape is clear and elegant.

Firethorn basin is very fastidious, in order to set off its red fruit, generally use white, light blue, light green or light yellow and other light color, cold bonsai basin.

Third, maintenance.

Hippophae rhamnoides likes to be wet and fat, and likes a climate with sufficient light, good ventilation and warm and humid climate. Pyracantha is resistant to barren, and the temperature can be as low as 0 ℃-5 ℃ or less. Hippophae rhamnoides has developed root system, fast branching, rapid growth, resistance to pruning and flat binding.

The best soil for firethorn bonsai is the fatter garden soil or the surface soil in the mountain forest, and the mature base fertilizer, fine sand and cultivated soil can also be used.

The firethorn had better turn the basin once a year. Turn the basin to choose late autumn or early spring, that is, after stopping the growth of new shoots or before they begin to grow. For the fire thorn without hanging fruit, the pot can be changed all the year round. No matter when you change the soil, you should stay in the soil, cut off the long roots, do not nest the roots, and install the basin quickly so as not to affect the growth.

Firethorn bonsai is particularly afraid of drying and is vulnerable to diseases and insect pests. The disease mainly comes from external invasion or basin soil, including fungal infection, black rot and powdery mildew, especially powdery mildew.

The main control methods are carbendazim, topiramate and other fungicides, mainly spraying branches and leaves and irrigating roots. Usually placed in a ventilated and clean environment, sufficient light, exuberant growth, can reduce the incidence.

Aphids are the most common pests of Firethorn. The method of prevention and control is to spray trichlorfon and emulsified dimethoate in time. Generally spray in the afternoon, at least every three days, more than three times can be cured, but also can be found along with the spray.

Cultivation and Management of Firethorn Bonsai

Hippophae rhamnoides, belongs to Rosaceae, Pyracantha. Evergreen shrub with spiny branches alternate leaves and small white flowers and red or yellow fruit. Distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and its southern provinces. Hippophae rhamnoides is loved by bonsai lovers and viewers because of its resistance to barren, pruning, easy survival, fast shaping, evergreen all the year round and long hanging time.

I. Mining and digging

There are generally three kinds of pile sources of firethorn bonsai, namely, sowing, cutting and mountain mining. The pile material of sowing and cutting is formed slowly, and it is necessary to make early preparation. The old pile dug in the mountain field is simple, Qiu qu, natural and fast. This paper only discusses the method of making bonsai because of the old piles dug in the mountains. Firethorn can be picked all the year round, and spring is the best. When mining, choose sturdy, curved changes, good branches, people cut animals after stepping on the natural tip, beautiful roots and claws of pile mining, gray-white bark and not strong old pile is not easy to survive, try not to dig. More beard roots should be left when mining, robust piles can survive without soil, and the roots and branches of pile blanks should be left one more section on the mountain to prevent damage to the incision during transportation, and then cut in place before planting. Pile blanks dug in dry weather should be moisturized. Pile blanks without dirt can also be soaked in clean water for several hours before planting.

Second, raise the blank

Before planting, the large incisions of the roots and branches of the pile billet should be smeared with clean yellow mud mixed with auxin, and the branches should be covered with black plastic film after foaming, so as to promote wound healing and prevent moisture evaporation and future exposure to crack. Use slightly acidic, loose and breathable rotten leaf soil or garden soil when planting. The basin can be used with soil basin, purple sand basin or cement basin. Choose a larger and deeper basin, and then transplant it to a suitable ornamental basin after shaping. After planting, pour enough water to fix the root. Those dug in summer are maintained in a shady place, and those dug in spring, autumn and winter are preserved in a place facing the leeward to the sun, covering and moisturizing with transparent plastic bags with piles and pots, and check the basin soil once in a while to ensure that the basin soil is moist. When the temperature in the bag is high on a sunny day, it is necessary to properly shade and cool the new buds to prevent them from burning out, and there are new buds where the new buds grow to more than an inch and need new shoots. Choose a time when it is cloudy and rainy for several consecutive days, open the plastic bag to train the seedlings, shade the dry sunny day, and spray water to the pile head to moisturize to prevent the bud from shrinking. After the survival of the new pile, do not rush to wipe the bud, the new bud will evaporate more water, which can promote the rooting of the pile blank. When the new pile is fully survived after autumn, the extra buds will be erased.

Third, trim the flat tie

Hippophae rhamnoides was clipped mainly in the first two years and scissors after shaping. The new branches of the new pile in that year are not trimmed, and the branches that grow very well can be bent according to the requirements of modeling in order to prevent them from breaking in the future. when pruning the next year, the branches are first tied up according to the requirements of modeling and then trimmed, and the branches that need to be thickened and grown are not trimmed, and then stored for another year. It should be noted that the branches with large incisions should not have new branches only on one side, so as to prevent the branches from shrinking due to the gradual withering of the branches on one side. The shape of firethorn should take into account the characteristics of pile billet and firethorn, leaving branches can not be too dense, too dense opaque and opaque. Hippophae rhamnoides takes shape quickly and can be basically formed in 3-4 years. New branches of Hippophae rhamnoides grow in spring, summer and autumn. In order to keep the crown width of bonsai basically unchanged, it is necessary to prune and pick buds frequently. When pruning plants that do not hang fruit in autumn, cut off steep long branches, weak branches and overdense branches, leaving branches that can blossom and bear fruit, and make sure that hanging fruit branches can enjoy sufficient light. The tree type after pruning in late autumn is the tree type that hangs fruit in the following year, because as soon as the new branches grow in the next year, they will blossom and bear fruit. If they are not cut in autumn, the flowers of the following year will bloom on the front branches, and then the fruit branches will be cut off. The new branches that grow after hanging fruit on the branches can be cut off at any time to keep the crown width of the plant unchanged, and the hanging fruits are all in the outer layer of the crown width. After the fruit is red, the ornamental effect is the best.

IV. Maintenance

How to make the leaves and fruits of Hippophae rhamnoides beautiful and the ornamental effect good? It is important to master the growth characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides and to maintain it scientifically and carefully.

1. Illumination: Firethorn is a sunny tree species. Whether the firethorn bonsai can be cultivated well or not is directly related to the time it takes to receive light. Therefore, the plant should be maintained in full sunshine throughout the year, especially in autumn, to make the plant strong and form flower buds. The maintenance ground should not be too wet, and the roof is a good place to maintain firethorn bonsai.

2. Thinning flowers and fruits: unformed plants should remove buds when blooming, do not let them hang fruit, plant growth slows down after hanging fruit, which will prolong the forming time of plants. When Hippophae rhamnoides blossoms, it is necessary to prevent strong winds and waterfalls. When the buds are damaged, the number of hanging fruits will be reduced. If it is not influenced by the outside world, it usually bears as many flowers as it blossoms. If you hang too much fruit, you should properly remove some of the fruit to ensure that the plant is strong and make the needed fruit full and large.

3. Changing soil: Hippophae rhamnoides grows fast, consumes a lot of water after hanging fruit, and the conservation ground is in a place where the light is long, so the root grows very fast, and the nutrition in the basin soil is also consumed for a long time. If the soil is not changed for a long time, the root must be full of pot utensils. The nutrition in the basin soil is also exhausted or single, resulting in poor plant growth. The solution is to change the soil twice in 1-2 years depending on the amount of basin soil and plant growth. The time of soil change is from late spring to early autumn, too early will affect flowering and fruiting, too late, the plant will not grow many new roots will pass the winter, will also affect the plant flowering. When changing the soil, the basin soil should not be too wet. after the plant is taken out, cut off the roots and rotten roots near the edge and bottom of the basin, remove 2/3 of the old soil, change the soil for loose, breathable and fertile rotten leaf soil or garden soil, and pour enough water at once.

4. Fertilization: Hippophae rhamnoides blossom more, hang fruit for a long time, and hang fruit more, nutrition consumption is fast, from the spring sprouting, fertilizer should be applied every 15 ~ 30 days. The fruit ripens gradually in autumn, and the amount of fertilizer needs to increase, and the plants that do not hang fruit should also increase the amount of fertilizer in order to lay the foundation for the next year, so the density of fertilization should be increased appropriately in autumn, once every 10 seconds and 20 days, as long as the plant does not stop growing after autumn, appropriate fertilization should be applied. Fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer with more phosphorus and potassium, and less inorganic fertilizer.

5. Watering: Hippophae rhamnoides is drought-resistant and not moisture-resistant. When watering, it is basically carried out according to the method of no dry and no watering, and then watering thoroughly. There are few roots in the newly changed soil, so the basin soil should be kept moist and not too dry. Watering in summer and autumn depends on the fruit of the plant, the hanging fruit can not be too dry, too dry and easy to drop fruit, but also see dry and wet. Unfruited plants can be properly dried, but do not dry until the twigs wilt, too dry will lead to a large number of fallen leaves, resulting in poor ornamental effect.

6. Pest control: insect pests that endanger Pyracantha include shell insects, aphids, diseases such as powdery mildew, soot disease, etc. Shell insects were buried in basin soil with carbofuran, aphids were sprayed 1000 times as much as 40% omethoate, powdery mildew and soot were controlled with Bordeaux solution or carbendazim.

Miniature firethorn bonsai

White flowers are dense at the beginning of summer, and the fruit is red and dazzling in autumn. It is not only a famous ornamental fruit tree, but also a good material for making bonsai. Generally speaking, the production of large-scale firethorn bonsai takes a long time, slow shaping, time-consuming and labor-consuming. However, using firethorn branch cuttings with fruit to make miniature bonsai saves a lot of manpower and material resources, and the time is short, only three or four months, the effect is quick, and has high economic benefits. The key to the process is the cutting propagation of Hippophae rhamnoides with fruit branches, and the specific operation methods are as follows:

First, after choosing a good female parent, the female parent will not be pruned every winter to strengthen maintenance and management to promote its luxuriant growth and dense flowers and fruits.

Second, the cutting time in June and July, the fire thorn fruit has been formed, at this time cutting, high temperature, high humidity, easy to manage, easy to root.

Third, cuttings are cut according to the shape of small and miniature bonsai. If the production of single-dry or double-dry type, then use biennial stout branches with branches; jungle type can be cut with current year's soft branches, both of which need to bring fruit. The cuttings vary in length 5-15cM, the lower part of the branch is cut off, the lower part of the branch is cut off, and the upper part is retained.

4. as it is difficult for biennial branches to take root in the seedling bed, they should be cut into the cutting bed with all-day automatic spraying equipment as far as possible. Because of its exuberant growth, strong healing ability and fast rooting, the soft branch is easy to insert, such as rice chaff ash, pure river sand or cultivated soil.

5. The cuttage method uses bamboo slices thicker than cuttings to cut holes in advance to prevent damage to the cortex at the base of the cuttings. When cutting, it is appropriate to use the cuttings length of 1x3murl and 2people soil, and then slightly press the soil and water it once.

6. Management after cutting due to high temperature and sufficient light in June and July, shade should be set up at the beginning, and attention should be paid to watering and foliar spraying to increase cutting substrate and air humidity. Nanjing area is in the plum rain season, the rain period is long and the rainfall is too much, so it is necessary to cover the insert bed with plastic film to prevent Rain Water from causing the base of the cuttings to rot. About half a month can take off the bamboo curtain to accept the sun in the morning and evening, and still need to be covered at noon. When the root length is 2-4cm, fresh water fertilizer can be applied every ten days. During this period, the cuttings should constantly pick out the heart and fold the tip. It can be planted in the basin in early October, tied up, trimmed, and modeled according to your own requirements. The fruit begins to turn red in the last ten days until it is ripe. In this way, a small and exquisite pot of firethorn miniature bonsai with red and green fruit has been made successfully. Placed on palms, desks and several planes, it is quite distinctive and lovely.

How to survive the winter safely with firethorn bonsai

Fire thorns like light, adapt to big fertilizer, flood, avoid waterlogging. It can survive the winter in the temperate and subtropical climate. However, its roots can only withstand low temperature in a short time (below 0 ℃), so it is easy to cause plant death due to root freezing in winter. The frost injury was not obvious at that time, and the new buds withered and the branches shrunk after the beginning of spring, resulting in death.

In winter, because the growth of plants is in a dormant state, the transpiration of water is greatly reduced, such as too much watering, a large amount of water accumulated in the basin, with the change of air temperature, it is easy to cause ice in the basin and make plants die. Therefore, acid sandy soil with good permeability and permeability should be selected and the amount of watering should be controlled to make Hippophae rhamnoides pass the winter safely.

In winter, do not put firethorn bonsai in a heated room, because in such a temperature, the plant will sprout ahead of time and consume nutrients, so that the plant can survive the winter safely without sufficient nutrients.

If the shallow basin, taking into account the winter, you can use a large basin set of small basin (shallow basin) method, between the two basins filled with thermal insulation material or soil, in order to maintain the temperature in the small basin.

In addition, in the autumn growing period, we should strengthen the management of water and fertilizer, increase the nutrient accumulation of the plant, make its vitality more exuberant and improve the ability of cold resistance.

Key points of cultivating firethorn bonsai

Fire thorn bonsai evergreen all the year round, compact plant type, luxuriant branches and leaves, not only can watch leaves, flowers, but also fruit, so it is favored by bonsai lovers. In order to cultivate firethorn bonsai well, we must grasp the following elements.

First of all, we must understand the physiological characteristics and growth conditions of Pyracantha. Hippophae rhamnoides likes to be wet and fat, likes adequate light, and likes a well-ventilated and warm and humid climate. It has developed root system, like big fat and big water, fast branching, rapid growth, resistance to pruning and pruning, many flowers and fruits, yellow after initial green, red when ripe, the whole red fruit can cover almost all leaves, and does not fall throughout winter and spring, and the viewing period is as long as half a year. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure proper water and fertilizer, wet between dry and dry, adequate sunshine and good ventilation, so that firethorn bonsai can grow normally.

Second, the seasonal management of cultivating firethorn bonsai. Hippophae rhamnoides plants after hibernation, because of many fruits, long fruit period, early germination and other characteristics, help to pick fruit in time to replenish fertilizer. Picking fruit is a necessary condition for a large number of flowers and fruits next year. If the fruit is left on the plant, it can even remain unchanged until May and June of the following year, which not only consumes a lot of nutrition of the plant itself, but also is not conducive to flowering and fruit setting in the same year. Timely replenishment of nutrients is another condition for strong spring buds and exuberant growth.

Generally speaking, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied timely in summer. Better wet than dry. Even if you do it once, if the branches and leaves lose water seriously, it will kill the plant and waste all your previous efforts. In autumn, we should continue to apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote fruit ripening and coloring. Can be watched indoors in winter, requiring ventilation, the temperature should not be too high, the temperature should not be too high, the sun is sufficient, otherwise leaves will fall, winter buds will be sent or excessive dehydration will die. It is best to apply solid fertilizer to the basin. If you spend the winter outdoors, you should avoid the dry wind and cause injury. As long as the basin soil is dry and wet properly, a low temperature of about-10 ℃ will not cause harm.

Third, the shape of firethorn bonsai is maintained. For the finished firethorn bonsai, spring is the beginning of another growth cycle, and it is necessary to let it grow madly. Only with luxuriant branches and leaves in spring can we better carry out photosynthesis and promote root growth and development, so as to facilitate the absorption of nutrients and promote growth and metabolism, thus making the whole plant exuberant and full of vitality.

Otherwise, the plant will be severely malnourished, poor resistance, severe aging, or even die. In late spring, early summer and even autumn, pruning and shooting are the main methods. Pruning and topping are mainly to maintain the original plant type, individual can increase their own creativity. Autumn is another growth peak, forbidden to apply nitrogen fertilizer, shoot to take off the top advantage is better. Avoid the consumption of nutrients by autumn shoots, which is disadvantageous to overwintering and fruit setting.

Fourth, the turning of firethorn bonsai. If you want to raise well, you must be fat. Potted soil is the medium for the survival and absorption of firethorn bonsai, which should be full of fertility, slightly acidic and loose. It is better to use the disinfected disease-and insect-free and more fertile garden soil or the surface soil in the mountain forest, which can stop the rotten base fertilizer, fine sand and cultivated soil. The potted soil can be used for one to two years.

It is best to turn the basin once or even twice a year. It is best to choose late autumn or early spring, that is, after stopping the growth of new shoots or before they begin to grow. For the vegetative growth plants without hanging fruit, the pot can be changed all the year round. Whenever you change the soil, you must stay in the soil, cut off the long roots, do not nest the roots, and pour them out with the pot, the speed should be fast, so as not to affect the growth of the plant. The basin can be turned all year round under the conditions of shading and greenhouse; under natural conditions, the dormant period is better.

Fifth, pest control. Although firethorn bonsai has many advantages, it also has many disadvantages. Being afraid of doing things is one of its typical shortcomings. Secondly, it is vulnerable to diseases and insect pests. The disease mainly comes from external invasion or basin soil, including fungal infection, black rot and powdery mildew, especially powdery mildew. Taiwan to carbendazim, topiramate and other fungicides, mainly spraying branches and leaves or irrigating roots.

Usually placed in a ventilated and clean environment, sufficient light, exuberant growth, can greatly reduce the incidence. Aphids are the most common insect pests. Can spray trichlorfon, emulsified dimethoate and so on in time. Generally spray in the afternoon, at least every three days, more than three times can be a radical cure; can also be found along with the spray. It all worked well.

Make firethorn bonsai flowers fruitful

Hippophae rhamnoides is an excellent tree species for making bonsai, with high ornamental value of roots, stems, branches, leaves, flowers and fruits. How to make firethorn bonsai blossom and fruitful? After nearly 20 years of practice in its cultivation and production, I have some personal experience, and now I have a good exchange and discussion with the bonsai world.

First, Hippophae rhamnoides likes a warm and humid climate and an environment with sufficient sunlight. It can be extensively managed in a place that takes shelter from the wind and the sun. It does not need to be shaded in hot summer, and it will grow well in cold winter. However, in order to achieve the goal of more flowers and fruits, spring, summer and autumn must have direct light conditions, and no less than 4 to 5 hours of exposure every day.

Second, the soil pyracantha grows rapidly, has strong germination ability, and has many and dense roots. Although it can adapt to poor soil, it prefers fertile soil with good fertility, and it is most suitable for partially acidic sandy soil with good air permeability or rotten leaf soil plus vegetable garden soil. Usually replace 2/3 of the old soil of bonsai in a year.

Third, watering firethorn bonsai should be paid more attention to during the flowering and fruit-setting period. it is necessary to keep the soil moist rather than stagnant water as far as possible, and it can be drier in autumn and winter. For example, bonsai flooding can cause rotten roots, fallen leaves and even death. In short, it is good to be careful and careful. the principle is not to water it, but to water it thoroughly.

Fourth, fertilize firethorn like fertilizer, in spring, summer and autumn sprouting, blooming, fruit pregnancy period, fertilizer and water must be guaranteed. During the flowering period of bonsai from March to May, liquid fertilizer with high content of nitrogen and phosphorus can be applied once or twice a month, and it is most suitable for cake fertilizer and farm fertilizer, which can not only promote branch bud germination and growth, but also make branches blossom and fertile fruit. After hanging fruit, the plant can stop the use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and apply liquid fertilizer of potassium dihydrogen phosphate once or twice a month, which lasts until September. If the application of organic fertilizer must be strictly fermented before use, the amount should also depend on the size of the bonsai. In short, it is required to do more often and less.

Fifth, insect disease Firethorn bonsai pests are mainly aphids, red spiders, spring and autumn may occur, with omethoate diluted 1000 times once a 7-day spray can be killed, such as powdery mildew, withered leaf disease, coal pollution, etc., can be sprayed with 1000-fold carbendazim solution.

Sixth, pruning firethorn bonsai can achieve the ultimate goal of flowers and fruits, the most crucial step is to do a good job of pruning. Pruning is to maintain the tree-shaped posture, short truncated long branches to remove useless branches, so that the branches are fully ventilated and transparent, and the second is beneficial to more flowering and normal fruit growth. The flower bud differentiation period of Hippophae rhamnoides is on the fruit-setting branches that grew from October to November of the previous year, so when pruning every autumn, we must keep the short branches that grow in the same year and cut off the excess vegetative branches. This kind of pruning can not only take care of the bonsai branches and crown, but also let the flowers in full bloom the following year float in the outer layer of the green leaves like white clouds. After the golden autumn fruit is ripe, it is even more prosperous and lively, with a festive atmosphere.