How to explode the purple leaf grass, learn six skills: both beautiful and vigorous

Among the plants of the genus Oxalis, Elaeagnus angustifolia, native to South America, is famous for its colorful flowers. It is not only easy to raise but also grows very fast, but it still takes some skills to make it beautiful and grow rapidly. and how does the purple leaf grass burst the pot? Next, the editor will teach you six skills.

How to explode the purple leaf grass in the basin

1. The light should be moderate

When planting, it is best to plant it in a semi-light environment, such as under the eaves, indoor windows, balconies and other places, do not let the purple leaf grass be exposed to direct sunlight, and avoid the environment where the light is too weak, otherwise the leaf color will be dim and the plant shape may grow steeply.

2. Water should not be too much.

In the cultivation method of purple leaf sorrel, it is best to use spray irrigation when watering, the method is to spray water to the plant with a spray pot, in addition to being able to wash the leaves, the excess water will be naturally left in the soil to be absorbed by the roots. however, we need to pay attention not to watering too many times, wait until the soil is slightly dry before watering, avoid stagnant water.

3. Pruning should be timely.

Although many flower friends watering is very reasonable, but they have found that it grows very fast, so how does the purple leaf grass burst the pot? It still needs to be trimmed at this time. Some branches and leaves are staggered together because of their rapid growth, which is not only not conducive to light transmission, but also affect the germination of new buds, so we should pay attention to observation during daily maintenance and find that a large number of branches and leaves should be thinned when they are dense.

4. Change the basin soil regularly

The soil used for raising Oxalis should be changed every 1 or 2 years to avoid dry knot, air permeability and poor drainage, and reduce the possibility of insect sources latent in the soil. And the replacement of the soil is best to do disinfection treatment, to ensure a good soil environment is conducive to its explosion.

5. The temperature should be suitable.

In summer, try to keep the ambient temperature below 30 degrees. If the outdoor temperature is higher, you can move to a cool place. In winter, we should ensure that the temperature is above 5 degrees, so that it can go dormant smoothly but will not be frostbitten. Only by getting proper dormancy can it grow more prosperous in the second year.

6. Prevention of diseases and insect pests

The common pests of Elaeagnus angustifolia are rock mites, tobacco thrips, mole cricket in North China, wild slugs and so on, while its common diseases are leaf spot, root rot and so on, which do great harm to Oxalis. However, we can reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests by strengthening conservation management, and the way is to make the environment suitable.

Seven kinds of flowers that bloom better and better in the rain, easy to raise and very fresh and beautiful!

Recently, all parts of the country have been washed by heavy rain, and many people say that dewy flowers have been destroyed, and the ground is covered with withered branches and leaves. But some flowers, the more in the rain, the better, when the wind and rain, is the head in full bloom. Today, the editor will introduce to you what these flowers are.

1. Wind and rain orchid

Wind and rain orchid, often in full bloom after heavy rain, leaves like bluegrass, so called wind and rain orchid, but also because the flower shape is like lilies, also called rain lilies. Wind and rain orchid is very easy to feed, usually rough on the line, do not need to take good care of.

Key points of maintenance

1. Soil: the wind and rain orchid does not have high requirements for soil, and it can be raised in any way when it is planted in the ground. Potted soil can be mixed with sandy soil, rotten leaves and garden soil.

2. Watering: watering is not required according to the fixed frequency, depending on the weather and the dry and wet state of the basin soil. It is appropriate to water the basin soil sooner or later in summer to keep the basin soil moist.

3. Lighting: it is best to put the wind and rain orchid in a sunny environment, as long as it is not exposed to strong light, it can safely spend the summer.

4. Fertilization: apply less fertilizer in summer and apply thin compound fertilizer every two months.

5, pruning: the general wind and rain orchid can open to September, after the flowers, the flowers, twigs will be cut short, so as not to grow too long.

2. Elaeagnus angustifolia

The purple leaf sorrel likes the humid environment and always grows happily in the plum rain season. Proper exposure to rain is conducive to the growth and development of flowers and leaves. As long as the stagnant water is discharged in time, the flowering period can be as long as 8 months.

Key points of maintenance

1, temperature: summer temperature more than 35 ℃, purple leaves will slowly enter the semi-dormant period, there are signs of leaf curling, drying and other signs, at this time must strengthen ventilation, spray cooling.

2. Watering: after semi-dormancy, it is necessary to reduce watering, often spray water to the leaves, and keep the basin soil slightly wet. After being caught in the rain, drain the stagnant water so as not to rot the roots.

3. Illumination: purple leaves have strong phototaxis, and the growth process should often turn the direction of the flowerpot to make the plant shape more beautiful, but shade should be avoided when the light is too strong to avoid sunburn.

4. Pruning: when the plant is too prosperous and the leaves are too dense, it must be trimmed or directly beheaded, which can not only improve ventilation conditions, reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, but also grow leaves again and make the plant type more beautiful.

3. Vertical tube flower

Delicate and small vertical tube flowers, especially like the wet environment, some flower friends in the plum rain season, will be drenched for 2 months, did not see drenched, but after a period of time, and a crop of flowers!

Key points of maintenance

1. Soil: Sandy soil, peat soil or rotten leaf soil with loose fertility and good drainage.

2. Watering: the vertical tube flower does not like the soil environment which is too dry, except in winter, it should be watered frequently at other times to keep the soil moist.

3, Illumination: vertical tube flowers like light, full sunshine in the morning and afternoon, and proper shade at noon.

4. Lotus

Lotus, as an aquatic plant, properly exposed to the rain, will not affect the plant growth and flowering, the lotus after the rain, fresh and beautiful, elegant, is the so-called "clear water out of hibiscus".

Key points of maintenance

1, soil: Lotus likes slightly acidic soil, fertile river mud, pond mud, paddy field cement are natural slightly acidic soil, suitable for lotus growth!

2. Light: the lotus is extremely intolerant to shade and needs full sunshine management, the light is insufficient, it is easy to infect diseases, and the flowers will gradually close.

3. Watering: summer is a prosperous period for lotus growth. Potted lotus must not be short of water. If you see wilting, you must water it quickly. Pay attention to the use of tap water after a day or two.

4. Fertilization: Lotus likes fertilizer, grows vigorously in summer, and applies rotten cake fertilizer or diluted liquid compound fertilizer once a week during flowering. If the soil is fertile enough, there is no need to apply fertilizer throughout the year.

5. Copper grass

Copper money is strong in nature, amphibious, most able to withstand the wind, sun and rain, raised in a water tank in summer, burst in less than two days, round and green, looking at the mood is good.

Key points of maintenance

1. Soil: copper grass does not have high requirements for soil, as long as it is loose, breathable and well drained.

2. Watering: high temperature in summer, more leaves of Rabdosia angustifolia, easy to lose water, watering every morning and evening, and often spraying water to keep moisture and cool down.

3. Lighting: Tongqian grass likes the light, and it is necessary to ensure that there are 4-6 hours of light every day.

4. Fertilization: during the peak growth period, thin liquid nitrogen fertilizer was applied every 2-3 weeks, thin fertilizer was applied frequently.

6. Dryopteris przewalskii

Dryopteris is originally a wild fern grass, mostly grows in a dark and humid environment, after the rain, the growth rate will accelerate, especially suitable for poor lighting in the room.

Key points of maintenance

1. Soil: lime soil or rotten leaf soil, mixed with river sand, is more suitable for the growth of Dryopteris.

2. Watering: Dryopteris likes water and should be watered once or twice a day, and the leaves will shrink when there is no water.

3. Lighting: Dryopteris is suitable for semi-overcast environment, it is best to put it on the north windowsill in summer and shade outside.

4. Fertilization: apply thin liquid fertilizer 2-3 times a month, do not stain the leaves, so as not to cause rotten leaves, and add some broken eggshells to the basin soil to supplement the calcium needed for plant growth.

7. Mint

Peppermint vitality is very tenacious, because it likes light and humidity, so it is very resistant to the sun and rain, put on the south balcony in summer, give enough water to burst the basin.

Key points of maintenance

1. Soil: general garden soil, humus soil and sandy loam soil are all fine.

2. Watering: you must water enough in summer and water once in the morning and evening to keep the basin soil moist and be careful not to accumulate water so as not to rot the roots.

3, light: mint is a long-sunshine plant, direct light will not sunburn, but lack of light, leaves will be dim and withered.

4. Heart-picking: peppermint grows vigorously in summer, so it is necessary to pick the heart frequently in order to burst the basin.

These are the above seven kinds of flowers, which one do you like best? the editor's favorite is copper grass, the round leaves are very lovely, and the green pot makes people particularly relaxed and happy, ah, if you want to raise open-air flowers that are not afraid of torrential rain, you can choose it.

A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two) 61. Where are the small and medium-sized foliage plants placed indoors? Generally less than 1 meter of plants, known as small and medium-sized foliage plants, here said small and medium-sized, does not include hanging foliage plants. Small and medium-sized foliage plants are much richer in variety and color than large plants. Mainly include: all kinds of ferns, bean green, red mulberry, poinsettia, gentleman orchid, four seasons begonia, colored leaf grass, cold water flower, evergreen, fire crane, taro, parasol grass, spider holding egg, asparagus, asparagus, swallow palm, purple velvet, emerald sedum, aloe, fruit taro, Tianmeng, pineapple, bamboo taro, tiger tail orchid and so on. For these plants, according to their ecological conditions and plant size, shape, placed on the windowsill, flower racks, coffee tables, writing desks and other places, the number is not too much, otherwise it gives people a dazzling feeling. In the rooms of young people, you can put more brightly colored plants, such as colored leaf grass, flower and leaf taro, and purple goose velvet, while in the rooms of the elderly, you can choose plants with relatively fresh and elegant tones, such as fruit taro, Xi Lin taro, Douban green, and so on. If a pot of mimosa is placed in the room of children's activities, it can better satisfy children's naive curiosity and increase their knowledge intentionally or unintentionally. However, it should be noted that the juice of evergreen leaves is toxic and should not be placed in a place that children can touch. 62. What is the relationship between flower growth and environmental conditions? Amateur flower growers mostly take good care of flowers as their own treasures. They also grow flowers, but some grow flowers and leaves luxuriantly, while others often do not blossom or die. So people say that growing flowers should be "floral". In fact, the so-called "flower gas" is the environmental conditions suitable for the growth of flowers. These environmental conditions include: temperature, light, moisture, air, soil, fertilizer and so on. Each kind of flower has its own unique requirements for these environmental conditions. only by understanding their habits and creating a man-made and suitable small environment as far as possible according to the temperature, humidity, light and other conditions of their place of origin, can the various organs of flowers grow and develop healthily. sixty-three。 How can we raise flowers well? The factors of raising good flowers are various, especially the potted flowers on the family balcony are more extensive. To grow flowers well, you must have at least the following three basic knowledge. (1) to understand the function of various organs of flowers and trees, flowers and trees generally have six organs, such as root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit, seed and so on. Roots can fix flowers and trees in the soil and absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Stems can support leaves, flowers, fruits, and transport water and nutrients absorbed from roots and organic nutrients made from leaves. Leaves can produce organic nutrients, as well as respiration and transpiration. Although the functions of roots, stems and leaves are different, they are related to the nutrition of flowers and trees, so they are all vegetative organs. After the flowers and trees grow and mature, they blossom, and the flowers fade and bear fruit, which contains seeds. Mature seeds fall in a suitable environment, and new flowers and trees grow. Flowers, fruits and seeds are all related to reproductive offspring, so they are all reproductive organs. (2) to understand the growth habits of flowers and trees, some like the sun, some endure the shade; some like warmth, some endure the cold; some are afraid of the cold, some are afraid of the heat; some like the sun in winter, but shade in summer; generally, flowers and trees like loose soil, but some like to stick to heavy soil; some flowers and trees have strict requirements on soil acidity and alkalinity, but some are lax; general flowers like fertilizer, but a few flowers do not like fertilizer. (3) what are the characteristics of the climate, soil quality and other conditions of the origin of various flowers and trees, and what are the effects of these characteristics on their growth habits? How was it introduced? What are the changes after introduction? With a clear understanding of these conditions, we can choose flowers and trees suitable for the region to grow, and we can also artificially create a special microclimate environment and soil types for different flowers and trees to meet its needs. In this way, jasmine will not be planted in the shaded window and hairpins on the sunny balcony. Otherwise, even if the flower growers work hard, they will not be able to raise the flowers well. After clarifying the function of various organs of flowers and trees, and understanding the growth habits of flowers and trees and their relationship with external environmental conditions, we can plant them in accordance with their laws, and achieve the desired goal of raising flowers well. A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

sixty-four。 Which foliage plants avoid low temperature most?

There are many plants can only live in medium or high temperature environment, they can not stand low temperature, otherwise it will produce one kind of frost injury, or even death. Therefore, special attention should be paid to cultivation. The optimum growth temperature of Amorphophallus Lou is 20 ℃ 30 ℃, and the room temperature in winter should not be lower than 18 ℃. The leaves of Amorphophallus Linnaeus will shed leaves when it is cold. Ferns also avoid low temperature, but Amorphophallus can endure the temperature of 10 ℃. Amorphophallus plants avoid low temperature most. If the ambient temperature is below 15 ℃, the leaves will curl, shrink, turn yellow and fall off. Rose taro and leopard spot taro require higher temperature. In the short term, when the temperature is below 10 ℃, taro and kudzu will grow poorly, and even yellow leaves and fallen leaves will appear. When the temperature is below 10 ℃, there will be freezing injury and black spots often appear on the leaves. In addition, there are Xilin taro, white net vegetables and so on are all avoid the cold environment. Therefore, if the indoor temperature in winter is often or occasionally below 15 ℃, then you should be careful when buying foliage plants.

sixty-five。 What are the requirements of flowers for light?

The growth and development of flowers have two requirements for light, that is, the intensity of light and the length of time. Flowers are usually divided into two types: those who like yang and those who like yin. Need to grow well in the light, such as rose, pomegranate, chrysanthemum, daffodils, Scutellaria barbata, sorrel, lotus and so on, for Xiyang flowers. If these flowers are placed in a shady environment, the light intensity is not enough, there are often slender branches, elongated internodes, thinner leaves, incorrect leaf color, and vulnerable to diseases and insect pests. Shade flowers refer to the flowers that originally grow in shady slopes or in the shady and humid environment of the forest, most of them do not like the direct light, especially in the high temperature season, they need to be given shade to varying degrees, and pay attention to increase the air humidity appropriately. Like the four seasons begonia, iron fern, glass green, asparagus, inverted hanging golden bell, orchid, gentleman orchid, rhododendron, tortoise back bamboo, evergreen and so on. sixty-six。 What if there is not enough indoor light when cultivating foliage plants? The plants placed indoors can not get the most ideal light because of the limitation of sunlight. However, artificial methods can be used to remedy the lack of light. If the daytime light is too short, you can use fluorescent lamps or incandescent lamps to increase the light for a few hours every night, and the light they emit can also make plants photosynthesis. But the intensity of light is limited, so put a fluorescent lamp or incandescent lamp close to 30ml or 40cm from the plant. African violets, for example, need plenty of sunlight and can blossom and flourish under an indoor lamp every night. But this is only about 5% of the sun's light, about 10%. There are also people who put up a mirror by the sunny window to refract the light into the dark inside, so that the plants placed in the dark can grow by refracting light. This can also enhance the effect of lighting. A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

sixty-seven。 Why is watering the key to growing flowers?

The flower proverb says, "whether to live depends on water, and whether it is long depends on fat." Watering is the key to the success or failure of growing flowers. Many novice flower growers are mostly puzzled by the question of how much water should be watered: "it is said in the book that it should not be too much and not less, so how can it be no more or less?" In fact, the amount of watering depends on what kind of flowers are planted, whether this kind of flower likes to be dry, wet or semi-dry. You must not be treated like any flowers. If you plant 10 pots of flowers at home, you should water them together and do them together. Water is the source of plant life, but the excessively moist soil environment will make the roots of some dry flowers unable to breathe, and then the rotten roots will die, the roots will die, and the flowers will certainly not survive. Therefore, if you want to raise flowers well, the first step is to find out the moisture requirements of each kind of flowers. First of all, we have to feed and then blossom in the next step.

sixty-eight。 How to water potted flowers?

Potted flowers are limited by specific environmental conditions, watering operation is not only troublesome, but also the key to success or failure. In order to water properly, we must first understand the natural habits of different varieties of flowers and how much water they need at all stages of growth and development, and also depend on the cloudy and sunny weather, the level of temperature and humidity, the type of flowerpots, the size of plants, and the texture of potted soil. There are roughly the following situations and methods of watering potted flowers: (1) watering before 10:00 in spring, summer and autumn, and at 2pm in winter. The water temperature is close to the soil temperature, slightly higher in winter and lower in summer. However, the temperature difference between water and soil should not exceed about 5 ℃, and the amount of water should be moist from the basin surface to the basin bottom. Watering taboos to block the waist (upper wet and lower dry), nest water (basin bottom stagnant water), but also to avoid the loss of soil and fertilizer in the basin hole, resulting in voids in the basin core, seriously affecting the growth and development of potted flowers. When watering, it should be noted that the flowers that like to dry can control the amount of water, keep the basin soil slightly tidal, and the topsoil can be seen white stubble but not completely dry. Wet flowers often keep the basin soil moist, the topsoil does not see white stubble, but do not accumulate water for a long time. (2) when it is dry to find water, 1515: 00 will be watered with appropriate amount of water when the soil is dry and wet, so as to keep the soil moist. When the weather suddenly changes and water is needed under special circumstances, watering is not limited by the number of times. (3) in the period of vigorous growth and development, potted flowers can release strips, grow plants, promote flowers and strengthen fruit, combined with topdressing can increase the amount of water, keep the topsoil from white stubble and leaves do not wilt. (4) in the dormant period or low temperature season, or in order to squat seedlings, promote pregnant buds, prevent excessive growth, and correct the phenomenon of rhubarb leaves and falling buds, we should properly control the amount of watering, keep the basin soil moist, and combine with loosening soil to preserve soil moisture. (5) in the dry season of water spraying in spring and autumn, in addition to normal watering and holding water, water should be sprayed on the leaves and flowers to increase environmental humidity, prevent tender leaves from scorching and flowers withering early, and keep plants fresh, especially flowers in the south should pay more attention to the moist environment. If it is suddenly sunny after rain in summer or muggy at night, you should spray water to cool down and prevent disease; spray water on the leaf surface at any time to prevent residual water spots and leaf dust from condensing into waterlogging points, which is not easy to remove.

sixty-nine。 How to master the principles of watering potted flowers such as "dry and thoroughly watered" and "dry and wet"?

These watering principles are summed up according to the water-loving habits of flowers and trees. Potted flowers like dried plums, plum blossoms, hydrangea, dahlias and geraniums that like to dry and fear waterlogging should be watered according to the principle of "dry and thoroughly watered". Only when the surface of the basin soil is all dry can it be watered. "watering thoroughly" means not pouring "half of the water", but to make the basin soil drenched and drenched. If it can not be irrigated thoroughly, the tip of the root can not absorb water, which will affect the growth. But pouring thoroughly is not equal to pouring leakage, often pouring leakage, too much fertilizer loss, but also affect the growth.

Azaleas, camellias, roses, gardenias, Milan, southern bamboos, eight immortals, evergreen and other flowers that like to be moist but not resistant to heavy water should be watered according to the principle of "dry and wet". When you see the pot soil is white, water it until it is moist. Don't wait until the basin is dry, and you can't water it. To achieve dry and wet basin soil, neither long-term drought, nor often drenched, but dry and wet alternately.

A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

seventy。 What is the reason that watering potted flowers is not easy to seep?

When potted flowers are watered, water accumulates on the surface of potted soil, which is not easy to seep for a long time. There are several reasons as follows: (1) potted flowers have not changed pots for many years, and the roots are covered with meat in the basin, so that it is difficult for water to seep. (2) the tiles on the bottom hole of the flowerpot are improperly laid, blocking the hole, or the gravel layer of the basin bottom cushion is too thin, or the unpadded macadam leachate layer, so that water seepage is not smooth. (3) the new basin soil is clayey and does not contain organic matter or fine sand, so it is difficult to permeate water. In the case of the above situation, we should choose loam rich in organic matter, such as clay to properly add some fine sand, re-change the basin, cut off too many fibrous roots, otherwise it will cause leaves yellow and fall off, stagnant water rotten roots and die.

seventy-one。 How to prune flowers and trees in order to urge flowers to set fruit?

The flowers cultivated for flower appreciation or fruit viewing should be graceful in plant shape, luxuriant in flowers and leaves, rich in fruit, and should be ornamental in time. Therefore, in addition to water and fertilizer management, pruning should be used to adjust the relationship between branch and leaf growth and leaf flower and fruit development in order to promote flowering and fruiting. First of all, it is necessary to consider the number of flowers and fruits and the area of leaves, maintain an appropriate proportion, in order to fully carry out photosynthesis and produce enough nutrients to meet the needs of flowering and fruiting. In particular, fruit plants should pay more attention to leaving enough leaves. The time for flowers and trees to blossom and bear fruit varies, so it is necessary to grasp the favorable opportunity for pruning. Generally early spring flowering, flower buds are about formed on the branches of the first year, so in the winter dormancy period, not strong pruning, such as green peach, plum blossom, etc., can only cut off the autumn shoots without flower buds, but after flowering, you should do a plastic pruning. Flowers that bloom on branches in the same year, such as crape myrtle, rose, oleander, poinsettia, kumquat, etc., should be strongly pruned during the dormant period in winter to concentrate nutrients and promote more strong branches in the spring of the following year. Some flowers and trees generally do not need regular pruning, such as azaleas, camellias, etc., in order to maintain the tree shape beautiful and symmetrical, you can also appropriately cut off the top of some branches, but not strong pruning. Liana flowers generally do not need pruning, but only need to cut off the old branches, dense branches, disease and insect branches, blind buds and other branches to keep ventilated. Some flowers, such as Douqiu (eight Immortals), need to cut off all the branches and leaves in winter, so that the stem base can continue to shoot, promote the breeding of flower buds, and make the plant neat and strong. Zhu Dinghong can cut off all the leaves after autumn and put them in the sunny place. The room temperature is kept at about 20 ℃, and the flowers can bloom before and after the Spring Festival. General grass flowers such as carnation, after blooming in June, cut off the aboveground part, autumn can also open a crop of flowers.

seventy-two。 How to spend the summer with potted flowers on the balcony?

From August to August, the temperature gradually rises, and there are more Rain Water, which is beneficial to the growth of potted flowers, but some flowers and trees are not resistant to high temperature, but their growth is stagnant, especially the small area of the family balcony, poor ventilation, easy to heat, high humidity and muggy in the rainy season, which can easily lead to poor growth of potted flowers. even get sick and die. Therefore, the management of shading, ventilation, water and fertilizer should be strengthened. In mid and late May, a bamboo curtain was placed on the Xiangyang windowsill for shade, and the shady rhododendron, camellia, orchid, Ruixiang, hairpin and pearl orchid were placed on the flower rack under the bamboo curtain for maintenance, and leaf water was often sprayed and sprinkled around the window to increase air humidity. Xiyang's succulent plants and jasmine, Milan, crape myrtle and pomegranate are still planted on balcony flower racks. Rose, gardenia, begonia, geraniums, etc., should also be shaded in the heat. And gentleman orchid, asparagus, water bamboo, hanging orchid and so on place indoor ventilation, and prevent direct sunlight. During the mildew and rainy season in June, do not make the potted flowers lose fat in the rain. If the pot is waterlogged due to rain, the flowerpot should be lying upside down to facilitate drainage, otherwise, the root system will rot and die because of more water suffocation. When the humidity is high and the temperature is high, we should pay attention to observe and strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. Except for jasmine, Milan, crape myrtle and begonia which can blossom in hot season, other potted flowers should stop fertilizing. In summer dormant or semi-dormant inverted Admiralty, Lycoris, cyclamen, geranium, poinsettia, calla lily, arrow lotus and so on can not be fertilized. Watering should grasp the principle of less evaporation in rainy season, basin soil should be dry, with the increase of air temperature, the amount of water should be increased, and should be watered thoroughly in the morning and evening at high temperature. To often loosen the soil, so that the water is easy to pour through, the permeability of the basin soil is also good, which is conducive to the growth of the plant. While watering, do a good job of watering the surrounding environment to reduce the temperature. In addition to strengthening environmental ventilation, for potted flowers with luxuriant branches and leaves, some overdense twigs and leaves should be removed to make ventilation and light beneficial to growth and to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

seventy-three。 How do foliage plants survive the winter?

The most valuable thing about foliage plant is that it can keep evergreen all the year round, so it has ornamental effect all year round, but its best viewing period is the severe winter season. At this time, outside the window, the cold wind is cold and bleak; inside the window, it is green and full of vitality. Therefore, the decorative role of foliage plants in winter is more important. In order to make the foliage plants survive the winter smoothly, first of all, it is necessary to understand and master the ecological habits of the foliage plants. Most of the foliage plants are native to tropical and subtropical regions. If you can keep 20 ℃ in the room, the plants will grow normally. However, if exposed to low temperature, the light plants will suffer frost damage and the severe ones will die. The temperature difference between day and night in the room should be as small as possible. The room temperature should not be less than 18 ℃ during the day and 8 ℃ at night. If the indoor temperature is within this range, most foliage plants can survive the winter safely, such as Ivy, Zhu banana, hanging orchid, millennium wood and so on. In addition, light and air humidity around the plant are also important factors. The sun shines obliquely in winter, and the light intensity is half that in summer. Some sunny foliage plants should be placed near the sunny south window. Under sufficient light, foliage plants can also keep their branches green in winter. If there is not enough light, the leaves will become thinner and yellow. In winter, the indoor air humidity is less than 50%, which not only affects the growth of plants and the beauty of leaves, but also may cause diseases and insect pests such as red spiders. It is best not to put the plant on the windowsill, where the temperature is low and will be attacked by the cold wind. The indoor temperature and light of modern buildings can make foliage plants survive the winter safely. Attention should be paid to keeping the humidity in the room.

seventy-four。 How to make the grass flowers in the flower bed bloom neatly?

The basic requirement of a flower bed is to blossom constantly at 04:00, especially in large flower beds. Therefore, there should be a careful florescence arrangement for the design of flower beds. In order to ensure the ornamental effect of the flower beds, it is not allowed to sow seedlings directly in the flower beds until they blossom. Because of this, it is impossible for the seedlings to grow neatly, the planting distance can not be equal, and the flower beds will be occupied by seedlings for a long time. Therefore, the flower seedlings arranged in flower beds should be specially cultivated in separate flower beds, that is, through the process of sowing and transplanting, and if there are conditions, they can be maintained in pots, which is more reliable. When near flowering and budding, seedlings with good growth and consistent height are selected to be transported to the flower bed in pots, and planted with soil at one time according to the prescribed size. If it is planted on the ground, the flower seedlings should be transported to the flower bed for planting, so that the shape of the tree is consistent and the flower blossoms neatly. The planting distance of flower beds is based on the contact of branches and leaves of seedlings and not exposing the soil surface. It is generally appropriate to use triangular planting.

seventy-five。 What is soilless cultivation and soilless breeding?

Most of the potted flowers and trees in our country are cultivated in soil. In other words, through the nutrients in the soil, it is absorbed by the roots to promote the growth, flowering and fruiting of flowers and trees. In foreign countries, some countries have adopted hemp silk, vermiculite and so on, after adding liquid fertilizer, as the medium of flower cultivation. Now this method of soilless cultivation is also being used in some parts of our country.

Soilless seedling is called soilless seedling by using river sand, rice bran ash, vermiculite and water instead of soil as cutting medium. This method has been widely used in various parts of our country.

A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

seventy-six。 How to carry out soilless cultivation?

Instead of soil, other substances are used instead of soil as a medium for potted flower cultivation, which is called soilless cultivation. Although it does not use soil, it can also cultivate colorful flowers and trees. It has the advantages of water conservation, fertilizer conservation, easy operation, etc., and has no disadvantages of dirt and overweight soil, so it is enjoyed by people at present. There are many ways of soilless cultivation, but most of the formulations are tedious and the raw materials are difficult to put together, so they are not suitable for family flower cultivation. Here are two simple and easy soilless cultivation materials. Sawdust medium with 70% sawdust and 30% poultry manure, or broken cake fertilizer, mixed evenly, add some human feces and urine, after full fermentation, can be used to cultivate flowers and trees. If some briquette ash is added, the air permeability and water permeability will be better. Vermiculite medium vermiculite is a kind of mineral with light texture, which is used as thermal insulation material in industry. After mixing vermiculite and fermented horse manure at the ratio of 4:1, it can be used as a culture medium to cultivate flowers and trees. Horse dung is acidic, so it is suitable to cultivate flowers and trees of acid-loving soil in the south. These two kinds of media are very loose, both breathable and permeable, will not be hardened, and have strong water and fertility conservation, which is beneficial to the rooting and development of flowers and trees. When transplanting the pot, it is easy to operate and will not hurt the root. Because of its light weight, it is not difficult to obtain raw materials, so it is very suitable for family potted plants.

seventy-seven。 Which substrates are commonly used in soilless cultivation?

The cultivation substrate mainly plays the role of fixing plants, keeping water, storing nutrients and increasing air content. After the matrix is selected, attention should be paid to the disinfection of the matrix. Families can use hot water pouring, pot steaming, pan frying and other methods, or spray 0.2% potassium permanganate solution several times.

seventy-eight。 Do you grow flowers indoors without soil?

Guangdong evergreen can be cultivated indoors without soil. It is a perennial evergreen herb with jointed stems and unbranched stems, so it is also known as bamboo evergreen. Leaves ovate or elliptic-ovate, 10 mi 20 cm long, 4 mi mi 8 cm wide, emerald green tufted. In addition, there are varieties of irregular golden spots scattered on the leaves, which are good varieties for indoor foliage. Guangdong evergreen stem, very easy to root, inserted in a clear water bottle, not only can watch the leaves for a long time, but also grow tender roots and become new plants. The sap of its stems and leaves is poisonous, so when cutting ramets, do not splash the juice into the mouth. Pot growers can use fertile, loose slightly acidic soil, as long as avoid hot sun exposure, keep the basin soil moist, without special management.

seventy-nine。 Can foliage plants grow in water?

Some foliage plants can also grow completely submerged in the water like aquatic plants, such as Guangdong evergreen, fruit taro, white crane taro, bean green, Brazilian wood and so on can grow well in water and plant them in transparent glass containers. has an unexpected ornamental effect. Many foliage plants originated in the hot and humid tropical rain forest, like the hot and humid environment, and do not adapt to the dry conditions in the family room. Therefore, some botanists also call this kind of plants amphibious plants that grow on the ground during the dry season. Planting them in water is natural and meets the needs of this kind of plant. A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

eighty。 How to use nutrient solution correctly?

Containers filled with nutrient solution should use ceramic, plastic or glass materials, not iron products, otherwise the nutrient solution will fail. It's best to come with it. Spring and summer are the peak period of plant growth, which requires a large amount of fertilizer, which is generally fertilized every half a month, but in autumn, the amount of fertilizer should be gradually reduced. 1 the amount of fertilizer should be poured once every two months, while in winter, because of low temperature, the plant enters the dormant period and stops growing. No need to fertilize. However, if the plant has taken shape, even in the peak growing season, only a small amount of nutrient solution needs to be irrigated occasionally, and it can be applied once every 6 months. If you fertilize too often, the plant will continue to grow, thus destroying the original shape. Because the substrate of soilless culture has no nutrients, it can only rely on irrigating nutrient solution to supply plant growth. Nutrient solution is both scientific and hygienic and can not be replaced by other fertilizers.

eighty-one。 How to harvest and store flower seeds?

When harvesting grass flower seeds, we must first grasp the maturity and maturity of the seeds. When the seeds mature, the petals are dry and the seeds are solid and shiny. At the same time, the harvest should be timely, so as not to rain, mildew or scattered. Seeds with early flowering and early maturity should be selected on the same plant, and if there is a variation in flower or color, it should be collected or planted separately. The method of harvesting flower seeds varies with different types of grass flowers, some can pick the whole flowers, air-dried and take seeds, such as cockscomb flowers, a bunch of red, etc.; some can knead and wash the fruit, dry the seeds, such as golden and silver eggplant, winter coral and so on. There are some seeds mature, the pericarp is easy to crack and lose, should be in the fruit from green to yellow, hands touch the seeds from the bone, should be collected in time, such as wind immortal, pansy and so on. The commonly used collection methods of flower seeds are dry storage, sand storage, water storage and so on. Dry storage: most flowers can dry the seeds, remove sundries and put them in bottles or thick paper bags, such as a string of red, cyclamen, etc. The room temperature should not change much when placed in a ventilated room (5Murray 10 ℃). Sand storage: bury the harvested seeds in wet sand and keep the soil temperature for 0 ℃ 5 min. This kind of seed has a period of dormancy under natural conditions, which is taken out a month before sowing, such as peony, peony and so on. Water storage: some seeds should be soaked in water after harvest, such as water lilies. The water temperature should be kept at 5 ℃.

All kinds of seeds should not be exposed to the sun, should be stored in the dark, pay attention to moisture and rodent damage.

A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

eighty-two。 Which methods are often used to sow grass and flowers?

Sowing grass and flowers are often used to sow, strip sow and sow on demand. Sowing: often used for smaller seeds, such as chrysanthemum, Dutch chrysanthemum, goldfish grass, etc. Before sowing, the soil should be flattened and watered thoroughly for 2 hours, and then the seeds were evenly scattered on the border or flowerpot to cover the fine soil so that the seeds could not be seen. For border sowing, it is best to cover the film and Reed curtain in spring and only Reed curtain in autumn; pour water thoroughly before sowing, generally do not need watering before seedling emergence, and spray water with a thin nozzle spray can if necessary. For pot sowing, cover it with glass and newspaper to moisturize and keep warm; soak the basin with water if necessary, and do not water it directly, otherwise the seeds will be washed out or silted to one side to affect the germination rate, and the mulch will be gradually removed after the buds are unearthed. Especially small seeds, such as paulownia, thin-wrapped flowers, begonia, etc., should be mixed with 4 times fine sand of 3Mel and sowed in flowerpots without covering the soil. Strip sowing: open the border or potted soil into a shallow ditch and flatten the seeds in the ditch. Other management is the same as sowing. Strip sowing is mostly used for straight-rooted flowers that are not suitable for transplanting, such as Yu Mei, morning glory and so on. On-demand: large seeds can be sowed one by one, such as purple jasmine, dry lotus, etc., and the thickness of the covered soil is about 3 times the diameter of the seeds. After the seeds germinate, the squatting seedlings should be properly strangled, and the seedlings that are too dense should be kept ventilated and transparent. When 3 true leaves are grown, those that are resistant to transplant can be replanted twice, such as emerald chrysanthemum and impatiens, and then planted in flowerpots or flower beds. Some herbaceous flowers are not suitable for transplantation, such as Yu Mei, pineapple, etc., it is best not to transplant.

It is very important to correctly grasp the sowing time of each seed flower. Balsam flower and melon-leaf chrysanthemum grow well when they are sown in autumn, while zinnia has a long growth period, which is suitable for spring sowing.

A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two) 83. How to sow flowers in a family? Asparagus, magnolia and 2012 grass flowers are propagated by sowing. The strong fresh seeds on the excellent mother plant should be selected. Some seeds have to be treated in order to germinate because of the hard seed coat. For example, the shell of the lotus seed shell is hard, the top must be worn out, and the seed coat appears before sowing; for example, cyclamen, wax plum, wisteria and other seeds should be soaked for two days before sowing, which can promote germination. In order to prevent the spread of diseases and insect pests, the seeds should be soaked in 0.1% mercury, 0.3% copper sulfate and 1% formalin solution for 5 minutes, and then washed with clean water before sowing. Sowing time, spring sowing is not earlier than the final frost period, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River should be in mid-March, and autumn sowing can be in September. The family raises the flower to sow the quantity is small, may use the sowing pot to sow the seed. If you use a general mud basin, the caliber can not be less than 12cm, too small basin soil is easy to dry. The cultivated soil used for sowing should be water-permeable and should be disinfected with steam in advance. The drainage hole in the basin floor was covered with two arched fragments, then filled with gravel and gravel 2--3cm, and then the culture soil was placed for 5 cm. The top layer was sown with washed river sand for 1 cm. After sowing, it is covered with fine sand, which is 3 times the diameter of the seed. Do not water directly, use soaking basin method to water, so as not to wash away the seeds. Cover the basin with a piece of glass and cover the glass with newspaper to keep the temperature and humidity in the basin. Turn the glass once a day to make it breathable and remove water droplets from the glass. The sowing pot should be placed in direct sunlight to keep 15 Murray 25 ℃ at room temperature to facilitate germination. If the temperature is too high, the seedlings are easy to grow, the temperature is too low, and the seeds are perishable. Remove the glass and newspaper after emergence, gradually move to a place where there is plenty of sunshine, water the pot soil according to the dry and wet condition, and transplant when the seedlings grow 4 true leaves.

eighty-four。 What breeding work can be carried out for flowers and trees in spring?

From March to April, the sap did not flow before the new buds of flowers and trees germinated, which was the suitable season for reproduction, and the survival rate of reproduction was high. Such as: asparagus, brown bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens, jasmine, orchid, can take advantage of spring pot change, ramet reproduction. Cymbidium, lotus, bamboo and so on can cut off the new buds on the creeping branches and propagate. Canna, marble and iris can be divided into roots and tubers with buds to propagate. Lily, gladiolus, daffodils and other bulbs can be used to breed bulbs. Sweet-scented osmanthus, rose, cloves and other branches can be grafted and propagated. Pomegranate, crape myrtle, honeysuckle, rose can cut its branches; chrysanthemum, four seasons begonia, Saxifraga and so on can cut their leaves for cutting propagation. However, cuttings are easy to take root at the end of April when the soil temperature is high. Ornamental pepper, a string of red, half lotus, chrysanthemum and other annual grass flowers, can be sown and propagated.

eighty-five。 Why do some flowers need asexual reproduction?

Asexual propagation uses branches, buds, leaves, root tillers, tubers and bulbs on the female plant to breed new plants by cutting, grafting, striping, planting and other methods. There are many flowers that cannot bear fruit because of the degeneration of the ovary, such as poinsettia, mulberry and so on. Some flowers native to tropical and subtropical regions are also difficult to blossom and bear fruit in the north, such as tortoise back bamboo, Milan, jasmine and so on. These flowers need to be propagated asexually. Many flowers are excellent varieties selected by cross breeding, and the good characters of these varieties can only be maintained by asexual reproduction. The method of asexual reproduction can enhance stress resistance and improve ornamental value. like many varieties of cactus, their own roots are relatively weak, and their growth and reproduction are relatively rapid when grafted on three-rowed arrows with strong growth potential.

eighty-six。 What are the advantages of vermiculite and perlite cutting flowers and trees?

Vermiculite and perlite are originally a kind of lightweight thermal insulation building materials, which have the properties of drainage, heat preservation, moisturizing, many pores and good ventilation, which are the necessary conditions for cutting seedlings to take root. Practice has proved that the use of these materials to cut flowers and trees to root quickly, on the pot is not easy to hurt the root, the survival rate is high. Using vermiculite and perlite to cut flowers requires proper control of moisture so as to avoid being too dry or too wet. Shade is needed when cutting in summer and plastic film is needed in the north. Using these materials to cut flowers and trees, although the roots are fast, because there are no nutrients in vermiculite and perlite, the cutting seedlings should be poted in time after survival, otherwise the new roots will soon become "rusty" (that is, from white to yellow). Gradually die, family flower cultivation practical collection (part two)

eighty-seven。 Is there a convenient and easy way to grow flowers and cuttings in the family?

To ensure the survival of cuttings, it is necessary to keep the cutting substrate and air moist, often watering and spraying. A small number of cuttings in the family can be cut in pots, but watering and spraying will add a lot of trouble. This paper introduces a cutting method which is easy to operate and does not need frequent watering and spraying. Use a large tile basin with a diameter of more than 20 cm, first insert a small stone with 8cm thickness, then fill a layer of coarse sand as a drain layer, put a small tile basin of about 9 cm in diameter in the center of the basin, and drain holes at the bottom of the small tile basin, plug it with cork in advance. Outside the small tile basin and inside the large tile basin, fill the cutting substrate such as fine sand, vermiculite or rice chaff ash, cut in the substrate, and then fill the small tile basin with water. And set a plastic film bag on the big tile basin, the two corners of the bag can cut several small holes for ventilation. Because the water in the small tile basin constantly permeates to the surrounding matrix through the basin wall, it can keep the cutting substrate moist for a long time. And because the big tile basin mouth is covered with a plastic film bag, it often maintains enough air humidity. This saves the troublesome work of uncovering bags, watering and bagging moisture every day, and also creates environmental conditions for cuttings to take root easily.

eighty-eight。 Which foliage plants can propagate with leaf cuttings?

Leaf insertion is a unique method of reproduction, and not every kind of plant can reproduce with leaves. The foliage plants that can carry out leaf insertion and reproduction are: upland grass, Saxifraga, Saxifraga tricolor, purple blue Saxifraga, Douban green (watermelon peel, bean peel green, tricolor bean green, bright leaf bean green, etc.), foliage begonia (iron cross begonia, Oviductus Ranae, etc.), African violets, aloe, succulent plants, Phnom Penh tiger tail orchid and so on.

eighty-nine。 What is called striping reproduction?

The branches of the lower part of the mother plant are pressed and buried in the soil to promote the adventitious buds of its nodes or internodes to germinate and grow new roots, and then cut them away from the mother and plant them separately, thus forming a new plant. this method of propagation is called striping propagation. Striping propagation is mainly used for tufted flowering shrubs or lianas with soft branches. For some trees and shrubs that are difficult to root, we can also use the method of high branches and striping to let the branches on the crown take root before leaving the mother, so as to provide more opportunities for flowers and trees to reproduce. The advantage of strip propagation is that it is easy to survive, the seedling is fast, the operation method is simple, pressing the living branches can be pressed again in the coming year, and the breeding material is not wasted. The disadvantage is that the body of seedlings can not be completely renewed, the growth is not prosperous, and the seedling production is small, so it is not suitable to be used in mass production of seedlings.

ninety。 What is high branch crimping method?

Some woody foliage plants are not easy to root by cutting stem segments, so they can be propagated by high branch pressing method. First peel the branches in a ring, then wrap them in wet water moss or cotton, and then tie them up with plastic film or string. If the branches are soft, bamboo sticks can be used to support the strips to prevent lodging and breaking. After about a month after pressing, when the ring peels the chief root, it can be cut off and planted again. It is the most suitable for striping propagation between 4Mui and August every year. But the high-pressure branch part do not choose the old branch, preferably the annual twig. A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

ninety-one。 How are flower diseases caused?

The causes of flower diseases are as follows: first, the cultivation environment is poor, such as too much or insufficient water, too strong or too weak light, too high or too low temperature, lack or imbalance of nutrition, as well as diseases caused by smoke, dust, harmful gas pollution and so on. This is also called physiological disease. These diseases affect the growth and development of flowers, but are not contagious. The other is bacterial infection, such as fungi, bacteria, viruses and so on, among which fungal diseases are the most common. This kind of disease can spread rapidly under suitable environmental conditions. For diseases caused by poor environmental conditions, as long as the cultivation and management is improved in time to meet the requirements of flower growth and development, it will generally be naturally rejuvenated. The diseases infected by bacteria must be prevented and treated in time. However, these two kinds of diseases are closely related to each other. When the growth of flowers is weak, it is often easy to cause diseases; sometimes flowers suffer from insect pests, which will also lead to diseases. ninety-two。 What are the symptoms of flower physiological diseases? In the process of growth and development of flowers, the diseases caused by unsuitable environmental conditions are called physiological diseases. The diseases caused by lack of nutrients are mainly dwarfing and chlorosis. The lack of nitrogen in the plant can not guarantee its high growth; because the soil is too alkaline (north) or too acidic (south), the plant is weak and the leaves are scorched; lack of phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements will also make flowers green and wither. Lack of water in the process of flower growth and development will cause withering and dwarfing; too much water will hinder root respiration and rot, and plants will wither and yellow. Therefore, when the leaves are yellowing and wilting, it is necessary to make a careful diagnosis before taking measures.

Recommended Reading: a practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part I)

A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)