How to fertilize golden bracts, two key points / four skills need to be mastered / attached fertilization methods

Although the golden bract flower entered China relatively late, it soon became very popular, because it plays a very important role, so there are more and more people who raise it. If you want to raise it well, you need to know how to cultivate it. Fertilization is a very important point. How to apply fertilizer? The editor came to tell you the specific fertilization skills.

How to fertilize Golden Bract Flower

⑴, point 1: the concentration of fertilizer should not be too high. It is better to apply it more times than to avoid burns to the roots due to too high concentration. This is also the technique of applying thin fertilizer frequently. You can use thin fertilizer and water each time to dilute the fertilizer and then use it.

⑵, point 2: fertilization should be adjusted according to growth and climate change, especially temperature has a great impact on fertilization, because it affects the growth of golden bracts, so fertilization can not be a method all year round, which is very similar to watering.

Fertilization methods of Golden Bract Flower

1. The period of vigorous growth

Fertilization in this period, usually once every 15-20 days, keep in mind that the concentration can not be too high, then when is the golden bract flower growth period? It grows fastest when the temperature is between 16 and 28 degrees, usually from April to May and from September to October.

2. Before flowering

When the flower bud differentiation, the flower bud will begin to gestate, this process is also a key stage of bud formation, we can add 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution when fertilizing, its function is to make the flower color more bright, and when the flower blooms, it can also increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, so that the number of flowers more.

3. Fertilization in summer

Generally speaking, when the temperature is above 30 degrees, the growth of golden bracts begins to slow down, but when the temperature is higher than 35 degrees, its growth is basically stagnant. How to apply fertilizer at this time? At this time, it is necessary to stop fertilization and take timely cooling measures to help golden bracts through the midsummer.

4. Late autumn and winter

We not only need to keep warm in winter, but also need to stop fertilizing, because the temperature below 10 degrees will enter the dormancy period, and the demand for fertilizer is very low, but we can apply a compound fertilizer at the end of autumn. its function is to improve the cold tolerance of golden bracts and reduce the possibility of frostbite in winter.

Matters needing attention in fertilization of Golden Bract Flower

1. When applying fertilizer, fertilizer and water must not be directly sprinkled on the leaves of golden bracts, otherwise it may cause diseases and insect pests. It and spraying water are two completely different concepts. Flower friends must pay attention to this when applying fertilizer.

2. When we find that golden bracts also show signs of yellowing, we can add some green alum, that is, ferrous sulfate, to the fertilizer and water, which can improve the yellowing of leaves, but this is only a skill. The real cause of yellowing still needs to be investigated by flower friends according to their usual maintenance habits.

Key points of cultivation of Golden Bract Flower

Golden bract is native to tropical America, Peru, is a perennial shrub, like the high temperature environment, drought tolerance. Planting golden bracts in winter can still blossom normally if properly managed, but does not bear fruit. So what problems should be paid attention to in the cultivation process of Golden Bract Flower?

Golden bract flower

I. allocation of soil

Potted soil requires fertile, loose, good permeability, avoid clayey soil. 5 parts of rotten leaf soil, 3 parts of garden soil, 1 part of river sand and 1 part of mature organic fertilizer can be used as culture soil.

Second, temperature

The suitable temperature for its growth is from 20 ℃ to 28 ℃. When the temperature is above 30 ℃ in summer, it is necessary to create a relatively cool environment by shading and spraying water. During the overwintering period, it requires that the indoor should not be less than 10 ℃, otherwise it is very easy to cause all the leaves of the plant to be lighted, and if it is less than 4 ℃ to 5 ℃, it will freeze to death. For plants placed indoors in winter, it is best to heat them with an electric heater. If the low temperature lasts too long, it will also lead to root rot and plant death. In greenhouse cultivation, if you want to bloom in winter, the temperature should be kept at about 25 ℃ in daytime and above 15 ℃ at night.

Third, lighting

Full light can be received in spring and autumn, 30% to 40% should be shaded in the middle of summer, or about half a day's light should be maintained in the morning and evening, but it is best to leave it in front of a warm and sunny southward window in winter.

We should pay attention to the proper light, can not be exposed to the sun and can not see light for a long time, otherwise it is disadvantageous to its growth and flowering. The full light of the plant in spring, autumn and winter can make the plant grow stronger and reduce the disease. Overgrowth occurs in an overshadowed environment, and blossoms late and rarely. It should be placed indoors in front of a window with plenty of light. After the beginning of summer, it should be maintained in a dry and semi-shaded place, especially the seedlings should avoid bright light and pay attention to ventilation.

Fourth, watering

The growing season should not only keep the basin soil moist, but also require higher relative air humidity, but there can be no stagnant water in the basin soil. Spring and autumn can be watered every 1 to 2 days. In summer, you can water once before 10:00 or after 3pm every day, and appropriately increase the frequency of foliar spraying. Keep the basin soil slightly moist in winter. It is necessary to prevent stagnant water from rotting roots in the rainy season. The growing period should be fully watered to maintain 80% humidity of the basin soil, but it is necessary to prevent stagnant water in the basin. In summer, water should be watered without waiting for the basin soil to dry, and water should be often sprayed to the plant and its surroundings to maintain a high environmental humidity.

5. Soil

It can be mixed with 5 parts of rotten leaf soil, 3 parts of garden soil, 1 part of river sand and 1 part of mature organic fertilizer. The soil is loosened every half month in the growing season, and the basin must be turned and changed before leaving the house every spring.

VI. Fertilization

Thin organic fertilizer can be applied every half a month in the growing season, and 0 can be added to the thin fertilizer and water after the flower bud appears. 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to meet its nutrient needs for a long time of flowering. When the ambient temperature is higher than 35 ℃ or lower than 15 ℃, fertilization should be stopped. Do not splash the fertilizer on the leaf surface when pouring organic fertilizer, so as not to cause leaf disease. Potted plants in the north, in order to avoid yellowing of leaves, can also be irregularly added to the fertilizer solution. 1% ferrous sulfate powder can not only ensure that the leaves are bright green, but also prevent physiological yellowing of the plant. Golden bracts are fond of fertilizer and tolerant to fertilizer. Liquid fertilizer is applied every half a month, but not too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied, otherwise the stem nodes will be slender and the number of flowers will be reduced. Two more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied at flowering stage to meet the fertilizer needs of plants during budding and flowering. The lack of fertilizer is often the main reason for the poor growth and small flowering of golden bracts.

7. Pruning

Seedlings that have just survived by cutting should be heart-picked, once when the seedling height is about 6 cm, and again when the branch grows to about 4 cm, in order to promote branching, buds and flowers can be conceived and blossomed on the new branch after one month. A pruning should be carried out in combination with turning the basin every spring, which should generally cut off about 1 / 2 of the plant height. This can not only control the height and promote the branching, but also avoid the collapse of the lower leaves and affect the ornamental.

Whenever a new shoot appears, its top will produce a new inflorescence, so timely pruning is very important to promote the flowering of golden bracts. Generally from the seedling stage, the heart is picked for 3 times to promote more branches, and the plant height can be controlled. The plants are pruned and kept indoors for maintenance in winter. Pruning in combination with changing pots in spring can not only reduce the plant height, but also promote its multi-branching. After autumn, the plant begins to resume growth, at this time, it is necessary to prune and shape, strengthen the light and increase the application of fertilizer and water to ensure that the plant is symmetrical and plump, with luxuriant leaves and flowers.

Key points of flower management in July

Weather characteristics in July: on July 7, the Meiyu weather ended in the Jianghuai region. Ambush on July 16 and ambush on August 15, most parts of the country entered the hottest period of the year. The monthly mean temperature in July is more than 24 ℃ in most parts of China and 28 ℃ in the south of Jianghuai. Only the average temperature in the north of Northeast China and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is below 20 ℃. The management of flower events in July mainly includes the following contents:

I. Flower culture

1. Sowing seeds

The grass flowers that can be sown in July are: melon leaf chrysanthemum, spring of the four seasons, kale, bluebells and so on. When sowing, we should pay attention to moisturizing, shading and increasing ventilation and light transmission.

In July, mature fruits such as plum, hairy peach, mountain peach and elm leaf plum can be picked, washed and sown, or the washed drupe can be stored in wet sand to the crack before sowing. Wintersweet seeds can be sowed as they are picked, and the seeds removed from the fruit sac can also be dried and stored for sowing in the following spring, which will not affect its germination rate.

two。 Cuttage

The species of grass flowers suitable for cutting culture in July are: Scutellaria barbata, begonia, colourful leaf grass, cold water flower, string red, marigold, peacock grass, thousand-day red, geranium, Dutch chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, umbrella grass, wall-climbing tiger, coral flower, pepper grass, unicorn leaf, fire charcoal mother, ground root, green pineapple and so on.

The woody flower species suitable for cutting culture in July are: red-backed cinnamon, southern bamboos, poinsettia, tiger prickly plum, hypericum, golden plum, sea immortal, eight immortal flowers, brocade, hemp leaf hydrangea, snow spray, Ruixiang, gardenia, fragrance, Tiannu, triangular plum, Milan, jasmine, pearl orchid, goose palm wood, ten great efforts, pomegranate, crape myrtle, hibiscus, fiery thorn, Zhu banana, Fusang, June snow, smile, coral tree, mulberry. Rubber tree, Qionghua, Tianmu Qionghua, yellow poplar, Yuanhua fruit, purple magnolia, sweet-scented osmanthus, rhododendron, camellia, tea plum, dragon claw willow, golden willow and so on. Guding flower can also be cut with scales.

In addition, some flowers and trees can be raised by water insertion in July. They are: gardenia, oleander, rose, jasmine, pearl orchid, fig, pomegranate, inverted golden bell, crape myrtle, hibiscus and so on. To cultivate flowers and trees by water cutting, one is to have a foam plastic board with a thickness of 1 cm to 2 cm, which is used as a cutting fixing material after perforation; the other is to keep the water quality of the cutting water clean and put a few pieces of charcoal into it for anticorrosion.

3. Grafting

Annual mountain peach and hairy peach seedlings can be used as rootstocks, budding to cultivate green peach, Shouxing peach, red leaf peach, plum blossom, elm leaf plum, red leaf plum, beautiful plum, etc.; cuttings of wild rose, pink rose and "ten sisters" are used as rootstocks, budding cultured varieties rose, cut rose and rose; potted Magnolia and Magnolia seedlings are used as rootstocks, and Magnolia magnolia and Magnolia magnolia seedlings are used as rootstocks The 2-year-old seedlings of Chimonanthus praecox can be used as rootstocks, and the seedlings of 2-year-old Chimonanthus chinensis can also be used as rootstocks. Grafting is carried out at a distance of 3 cm to 4 cm above the ground, and whether it survives or not can be judged after 7 to 10 days. "Purple Butterfly" and "Jade Butterfly" in rhododendron are used as rootstocks to cultivate Belgian rhododendron or rhododendron by split or abdominal grafting. Cherry seedlings were used as rootstocks, excellent varieties of cherry blossoms were cultured by budding, current-year seed seedlings of bauhinia, Hubei begonia or weeping begonia and begonia flowers were used as rootstocks, T-shaped buds were grafted to cultivate excellent varieties of begonia. Acer maple seedlings were used as rootstocks and bagged grafting to cultivate red maple, feather maple and other seedlings.

4. Pressing strip

The species of flowers and trees that can be cultivated by pressing in July are: Milan (high pressure), wax plum, honeysuckle, eight immortals, Lingxiao, Qionghua, oleander, brocade, broom, sweet-scented osmanthus, gardenia, purple magnolia, jasmine, Zhulan, rattan this month rose, welcome spring and so on.

5. Ramet

The ornamental plant species that can be divided into branches in July are: Hosta, purple calyx, calamus, umbrella grass, one-leaf orchid, purple back evergreen, pineapple, twelve volumes, hanging orchid, Ophiopogon, auspicious grass, onion orchid, kidney fern, iris, hanging bamboo plum and so on.

II. Seed harvesting and transplanting

1. Harvest seeds

The seeds of grass flowers that can be harvested in July are: hollyhock, sunflower, morning glory, summer grass, petunia, fluke, Digitalis, snake chrysanthemum, sweet pea, daisy, delphinium, pansy, pine chrysanthemum and so on.

The seeds of flowers and trees that can be harvested in July are: wax plum, plum, hairy peach, mountain peach, elm leaf plum and so on.

two。 Transplanting, planting and potting

July is the main period of time for Chen to put grass flowers on the pot during the National Day, when the grass flowers transplanted into the pot can be sowing seedlings or cutting seedlings. After three months of careful maintenance, they bloom just during the National Day period for holiday decoration. They are mainly: a string of red, early chrysanthemum, thousand-day red, Xiaoli, Guinean impatiens, Longkou flower, marigold, peacock grass, ground skin, chrysanthemum, sulfur chrysanthemum, cockscomb and so on.

Tree transplanting is generally not carried out in July, but in some special cases, it is also feasible to transplant some flowering shrubs with soil balls, such as ten meritorious works, hypericum, golden leaf privet, red leaf Berberis, peach leaf coral, dragon cypress ball and so on. However, it is necessary to prune pertinently, set up a shed for shade in time, and increase the number of water spraying, and then transfer to normal management after its basic survival. We must not be careless.

III. Flower management

1. Watering

The flower species that enter the semi-dormant state at high temperature, such as safflower sorrel, geranium, golden bell, gentleman orchid, calla lily, begonia, sedum, longevity flower, cactus, crystal cactus, big flower rhinoceros, emerald beads, big string moon, Ruixiang, crab claw orchid, purslane tree, aloe, etc., due to high temperature, their growth activities basically stop and their metabolic level is very low. Watering should be reduced to keep the basin soil moist. And pay attention to shading and ventilation to create a relatively cool environment. If too much watering, it is easy to lead to rotten roots, but also seriously affect the recovery of its growth after autumn.

The species of flowers that entered deep sleep at high temperature, such as cyclamen, Lycoris, buttercup, purse peony and so on, showed that the aboveground stems and leaves withered, the underground nutrient fibrous roots withered, and spent the summer dormant in the soil with underground stems or tubers. For deep dormant flowers, stop watering, move to a cool place, and keep the pot soil not too dry.

For exuberant flower species, especially foliage plants, such as cycad, Magnolia, tortoise back bamboo, rubber tree, Magnolia, jasmine, Milan, pearl orchid, southern sequoia, bamboo taro, taro, red (green) gemstone, hulk, green emperor, green queen, pink leaf, Brazilian iron, rich tree, camellia, tea plum, peach leaf coral, torch fruit, daidai, lemon, Luohan pine, pomegranate, bauhinia, wisteria, rose, etc. It is not only necessary to increase the amount of water and times of watering, but also to give foliar spraying water and the combination of spraying and pouring properly. Especially when it comes to continuous cloudy days, due to the high temperature and dry air, it is also necessary to give watering and spraying, and must not be negligent. Once it is found that the basin soil is too dry and the leaves wilt, water should be sprayed on the leaves first, and then the roots should be watered after the leaves are erect again. Do not water the roots violently, otherwise it is very easy to cause the woody flowers to "fall green leaves", or lead to the rot of the vegetative fibrous roots of the plants, or even cause the death of the plants.

For potted plum piles, as the flower bud differentiation period is from July to August, appropriate "buckle water" should be given to promote the normal differentiation of flower buds. The method is to keep the leaves of pot plants curled inward slightly in order to control vegetative growth; if the vegetative growth of branches can not be controlled, only one leaf at the base can be cut off when 2 or 3 leaves are pulled out from the second shoot, and flower buds can still be differentiated in the axils of this leaf.

In July, watering potted flowers should avoid a few hours before and after noon, and it is appropriate to water before 10:00 and after 4 p.m., so as not to affect the growth of potted ornamental plants. If you encounter continuous rain this month, you should check the flowerpot in time after the rain, pour it when you find stagnant water in the flowerpot, and loosen the soil once after the pot soil dries up, so as not to cause rotting roots of potted plants.

two。 Fertilizer application

There are four types of ornamental plants that should be strengthened in July. First, the flowering period is particularly long, from spring and summer to autumn, such as Magnolia, rose, Milan, jasmine, etc.; second, the species of autumn flowers, such as chrysanthemum, sweet-scented osmanthus, hibiscus, etc.; third, the species of viewing flowers and fruits in winter, such as hawkdai, bamboo, wax plum, rhododendron, etc.; fourth, foliage plants, such as brown bamboo, tortoise back bamboo, spring feather, rubber tree, and so on. For the first three types of fertilization, in addition to the necessary nitrogen fertilizer, appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to meet the overall needs of plants for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and to provide adequate nutritional guarantee for their budding, flowering and fruit hanging; for foliage plants, it should be based on thin cake fertilizer or urea. In the method of fertilization, it is better to apply thin liquid fertilizer.

The grass flowers that should be fertilized in July are: a bunch of red (white, purple, pink), cockscomb, chrysanthemum, hundred-day red, thousand-day red, chrysanthemum, black chrysanthemum, petunia, golden bracts, shrimp flowers, Jianlan, marigold, purple jasmine, longkou flower and so on. Woody flowers are: crape myrtle, pomegranate, poinsettia, Michelia, sweet-scented osmanthus, camellia, tea plum, Fusang, jasmine, Prynne, Milan, evening incense, rose, begonia, mandarin duck jasmine, triangular plum, rhododendron, pearl orchid, wax plum, hibiscus, hibiscus, hibiscus and so on. There are many kinds of foliage plants, such as pineapple, Brazilian iron, brown bamboo, southern fir, synthetic taro, bamboo taro, hulk, ruby, cycad, rubber tree, tortoise back bamboo, Zhu banana and so on.

In July, fertilization must be stopped for dormant or semi-dormant ornamental plants, especially for those succulent ornamental plants, such as sedum, fairy pen, pine chrysanthemum, leopard skin flowers, etc., to prevent plant decay.

3. Pruning, picking buds

The ornamental plants that can top and sprout in summer must be species with exuberant growth, strong germination and resistance to pruning. Heart-picking refers to the direct removal of tender tip buds with fingers. The main bonsai plants suitable for heart-picking are: hammer elm, sparrow plum, Chinan, silk cotton wood, melon seed yellow poplar, wax plum, firethorn, Luohan pine, Tamarix, Elaeagnus angustifolia, banyan tree, white wax, maple, crape myrtle, June snow, Jiuli incense and so on. Pruning refers to the use of scissors to trim off part of the new shoot to promote the germination of the lower lateral buds to form a beautiful crown or tree shape. Most of the species of bonsai plants suitable for pruning are woody ornamental plants that are not easy to pick with their fingers, such as juniper, Platycladus orientalis, Sabina vulgaris, cedar, oak, cat thorn, cypress and so on.

For those potted flower species that bloom continuously for a long time, such as Milan, rose, jasmine, pearl orchid, etc., the stump should be picked in time, and the branches that have flowered should be shrunk in time, which can promote the germination and re-flowering of the lower lateral buds, while for rhododendron, camellia, tea plum, begonia, wax plum, plum, etc., the overlong branches of the crown should also be shrunk in order to form a better crown shape.

4. Shade

July is the month with the strongest sunshine and the highest temperature of the year, so special attention should be paid to shading management for potted ornamental plants.

For those ornamental plants that like shade or semi-shade, they must be placed under the shade to avoid damage to plants caused by the scorching sun. Such as ferns, hairpins, purple calyx, tortoise back bamboo, camellia, tea plum, rhododendron, pearl orchid, crane orchid, orchid, palm bamboo, rubber tree, red (green) gem, spring feather, pink leaf, green apple, pepper grass, orchid, hanging bamboo plum, Brazilian iron, unicorn leaf, pineapple, bamboo taro, auspicious grass and so on.

For the species that like the light, you can give enough light, such as pomegranate, wisteria, crape myrtle, pyracantha, jasmine, June snow, cycad, round cypress, Platycladus orientalis, peach blossom, plum blossom, wax plum, hammer elm, sparrow plum, triangular maple, black pine, bayberry, oak, golden pine, blue orchid, Milan, rose and so on. On the other hand, it is necessary to give proper shade to Luo Han pine, bamboo and cypress, Michelia mollissima, tiger thorn, cloud bamboo, Guanyin bamboo, five-needle pine and so on.

For small, miniature and shallow bonsai, because the temperature is too high this month and the air is relatively dry, in addition to giving necessary shade, flowerpots must also be buried in wet sand, which can reduce evaporation on the surface of potted soil and help to protect the nutrient fibrous roots of plants.

5. Flowers in the air-conditioned room

In an air-conditioned room, you should choose flowers with a higher degree of leathery leaves, or with thicker cuticle, slightly resistant to dry environment, and more resistant, such as rubber tree, star anise plate, ten merit, cycad, Nanyang fir, golden sunflower, sunflower, palm bamboo, Canadian jujube, pineapple, spring feather, tortoise back bamboo, goose palm wood, one-leaf orchid, peach leaf coral and so on. It is not suitable to choose kidney fern, colored leaf grass, hulk, taro and so on. In addition, in the management, attention should be paid to the combination of watering and spraying, and away from the air outlet of the air conditioner, so as to prevent the wind from directly attacking the plant, resulting in the withered tip and scorched edge of the leaves.

6. Pest control

When the new bud of ⑴ orchid spreads its leaves in July, the leaf tip is easy to be infected with anthracnose, which gradually spreads to the whole plant, and in serious cases, it will lead to plant wilting and death. The disease may occur all the year round, poor ventilation, high temperature and humidity, continuous rain, it is more conducive to the breeding and spread of bacteria. Ventilation should be strengthened and 75% of chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 times or germicidal Dan 500 times should be sprayed during the onset period for prevention and treatment.

⑵ when plum blossom, peach blossom, begonia, red leaf plum, cherry blossom, elm leaf plum and other stumps or trunk, red-brown sawdust feces build up, mostly caused by longicorn beetle larvae, which can be controlled by artificial killing, injecting inhaler pesticides, plugging poison labels, burying carbofuran and other methods, which can effectively kill the larvae in the trunk. Pay attention to the injection of pesticides, do not use dimethoate, omethoate and so on, in order to prevent drug damage.

In July, ⑶ should timely control the wild borer of Euonymus tomentosa, Populus tomentosa, Populus tomentosa and Populus tomentosa. When the insect occurs seriously, it can gnaw off all the leaves. Once found, pesticides such as trichlorfon, dimethoate or permethrin can be sprayed in time. If a certain pesticide has been used for a long time, it has produced resistance and can be changed to a new type of pesticide.

In July, some areas of ⑷ will continue to see the leaves of citrus butterfly larvae harming new shoots, such as daidai, kumquat, golden bean, bergamot, lemon, fragrant circle, rue and so on.

⑸ harms ash insects of Ligustrum lucidum, Ligustrum lucidum, water wax and ash trees. The emergence period is from late July to late August. It is necessary to choose the right time to spray pesticides such as quick culling to prevent the disease from happening again in the coming year.

⑹ Japanese tortoise wax scale is the main pest that harms Populus tomentosa, Fawu, Haitong, Camellia, red leaf plum, cedar and so on. When it is serious, it is often covered with branches and leaves. The nymph hatching period is in the first ten days of July, which can be controlled by spraying dimethoate and quick killing pesticides in time.

Fourth, bonsai modeling

In July, due to the high temperature, low air humidity and the vigorous growth of plants, it is difficult to recover from infection after branch injury, so most species of tree stumps are no longer suitable for flat binding. Still can carry on the modelling is some adaptable, tolerant plant species, and the request is the spring pot refines the seedling or the plant planted on the ground. They are: Yingchun, Ginkgo biloba, Luo Hansong, Luo Hanbai, Cuibai, June snow, black pine, melon seed yellow poplar, bayberry and so on.

In July, the modeling of the plant should be careful, light and slow, slowly, not eagerly, too hard, otherwise it is easy to cause the branch and stem of the plant to break, endangering its survival.

Solar terms in mid-July: Lesser Heat on July 7th and Greater Heat on July 22nd.