How to separate the plant of pineapple, the propagation method of pineapple / cut with a knife

Pineapple, its beauty is reflected in the flowers, but the pineapple only blossoms once in its life, so it is a pity that we can only enjoy its beauty once. However, reproduction provides conditions, as long as we continue to breed pineapple flowers, we can enjoy its beautiful flowers every year, so how to separate plants? The following is the breeding method of pineapple, let's go and have a look.

1. Methods of propagation of pineapple, 4 species

Pineapple, a beautiful plant and brightly colored flower, is highly ornamental at home and is loved by flower friends. Because of the particularity of its flowering, reproduction becomes very important, and there are four main propagation methods of pineapple, cutting, ramet, sowing and tissue culture.

(1) the method of cutting propagation of pineapple.

When it comes to the reproduction of flowers, the first thing that comes to mind is cuttage, which is no exception to pineapple. However, cutting propagation of pineapple is rarely used in life, and cutting propagation is used only when the new buds do not take root. The specific operation methods are as follows:

When the new bud grows to 8cm to 10cm, the flower friends use sterilized knives to cut it off as cuttings. Then insert the cuttings into the prepared basin soil (half of rotten leaf soil and half of coarse sand) and keep the indoor temperature 25-28 ℃. After a month or so, the new buds will take root.

(2) how to isolate plants from pineapple.

Ramet is also one of the breeding methods of pineapple, which is common in life after all. Generally speaking, the new bud of pineapple is suitable for ramet when it grows to about 10 centimeters. As for how to separate the plant, the specific operation is as follows:

Dig up the mother plant, and then use a sharp knife to cut off the seedlings, it is best to keep some old roots, note: after cutting, it is best to soak the seedlings with fungicides, and then take some health follow-up, and then plant.

(3) sowing and propagation

Sowing and reproduction, one of the more commonly used methods of propagation of pineapple, that is, a way of reproduction by sowing the seeds of pineapple. When sowing, flower friends can choose a mixture of river sand, perlite and peat soil as the substrate. If you want to sow seeds with a high survival rate, it is best to sterilize the soil.

When sowing and reproducing, we should adopt the method of picking and sowing, because the seed of pineapple is very small, it will lose its vitality soon after it is separated from the mother, so sow immediately. The best sowing temperature is between 25-30 ℃, about 4 weeks after sowing, and about 3 to 4 years can grow into flowering pineapple plants.

(4) tissue culture

In addition to the above three methods, tissue culture is also one of the propagation methods of pineapple, but it is very rare. Methods: the stem apical tissue of new buds was sterilized and inoculated on MS medium supplemented with 4 mg / L 6-benzylaminoadenine and 0.1 mg / L indole acetic acid (NAA). Adventitious buds could be formed after 30 days and 40 days.

Morphological characteristics and propagation methods of Ji pineapple how to cultivate Ji pineapple

Grate leaf pineapple, also known as Xiaohuaji pineapple. The leaf is long oval-lanceolate, the petiole is long, the leaf surface is green-brown, with light green stripes; scape protrudes from the leaf axils, florets small, white.

Morphological characteristics of Ji pineapple

Perennial evergreen herb. The underground part has tuberous rhizomes and the aboveground part is almost stemless. The leaves are densely clustered from the rhizome, each cluster has several leaves, the horizontal extension is rosette, the leaf is hard, the edge is wavy, and has soft thorns, the leaf is strip-shaped, the apex is acuminate, the back of the leaf is white phosphorous, the mesophyll is thick and leathery, and the surface is green-brown. Flowers bisexual, white, monoecious, scape drawn from leaf clusters, short column, inflorescence rosette, 4 involucral bracts triangular, white, leathery.

Ecological habits of Ji Pengli

Sex like high temperature, high humidity, semi-overcast environment, afraid of direct sunlight, afraid of stagnant water, not resistant to drought, requires loose, fertile, humus-rich, well-ventilated sandy soil.

The propagation mode of Ji pineapple

Ji pineapple was propagated by sowing method, cutting method and split method.

Sowing method

The seeds can only be obtained by artificial pollination. The seeds are sown indoors from late April to mid-May in spring, and can germinate in 1-2 weeks at 25 ℃, but the sowing seedlings grow slowly and can grow into plants after 3 years.

Cutting method

The leaf axis beside the mother plant was cut off from the base, the first 3 leaflets were retained and inserted into the sand bed, shaded and maintained to protect the higher humidity. At the temperature of about 30 ℃, it could take root in about 3 weeks, and the seedlings could be divided after 7 weeks.

Split-plant method

It is a commonly used method, combined with changing pots in spring, separating the sprouting tillers between the leaves of flowering mother plants, planting after cutting with rhizomes, shading and maintenance, which is very easy to survive. Ramet propagation is mainly suitable for herbaceous flowers with tufted characteristics.

Ramet time

It is best after the soil is thawed in early spring (February and March).

Ramet method

Take the mother plant out of the flowerpot, shake off the excess potted soil, separate the root system as much as possible, and cut it into two or more plants with a sharp knife, each with a considerable root system. and its leaves are properly trimmed to facilitate survival.

Disinfection in pots

Soak the split plant in 1500 times chlorothalonil solution for five minutes, then take out the cold dry, and then serve. You can also irrigate the root with chlorothalonil immediately after potting.

Management after ramet

Put the ramet into the basin and irrigate the root or water once. Because its root system is greatly damaged and its water absorption capacity is very weak, it takes about 3-4 weeks to recover new roots. Therefore, it is necessary to control watering within 3-4 weeks after ramet to avoid rotting roots, but the transpiration of its leaves is not affected. In order to maintain the water balance of the leaves, it is necessary to spray the leaf surface 1-3 times a day (spray more at high temperature, less spray at low temperature or no spray at low temperature). Don't fertilize it these days. After the split, but also pay attention to the sun is too strong, it is best to put in the shade to maintain.

Cultivation techniques of Ji pineapple

How to cultivate

Summer shade maintenance, indoor furnishings can be placed in the south window with scattered light.

The suitable temperature for growth is about 30 ℃. Under the condition of about 20 ℃ in winter, it can continue to grow normally, and more than 12 ℃ can survive the winter safely. During the peak growing season, water should be often watered and sprayed to the ground to increase humidity, but do not spray water to the leaf clusters to prevent rotten leaves.

Potted Ji pineapple chooses rotten leaf soil or sawdust, soot ash, river sand, garden soil mixed culture soil, the bottom of the pot should leave aerated space. The aboveground part should be updated every 2-3 years to remove the old leaves and retain the underground roots. When the seedlings are installed in the basin, put a 2-3 cm thick matrix at the bottom of the basin, and then add the matrix until it is about 2-3 cm away from the edge of the basin. You can choose one of the following substrates for the upper basin: peat: perlite: ceramsite = 2purl; or peat: vermiculite 1purl; or peat: slag: ceramsite = 2purl 1; sawdust: vermiculite: medium coarse river sand = 2:2:1. After putting on the basin, pour water once and keep it in a shaded environment.

Key points of cultivation

The plant shape of Jifeng pear is short, so the newly propagated seedlings must be small with a basin of 10 cm in caliber. The basin soil is mixed with rotten leaf soil and sand in half. When going up the basin, the bottom of the basin had better be covered with a layer of cinder or coarse sand, and add a small amount of bone powder or compound fertilizer as base fertilizer.

Jifeng pear is not resistant to drought, but also afraid of water stains, such as the soil is too dry or the air is too dry, the leaves are easy to curl and atrophy, but if there is too much water, the basin soil is not dry for a long time, it will cause root rot. Therefore, watering should grasp the principle of wet between dry and dry, keep dry and not wet; maintain good air permeability; keep the soil slightly wet in winter; when the air is dry, you should pay attention to spraying water around to improve air humidity. The suitable temperature for the growth of Jifeng pear is about 25 ℃. During the growing period, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied every half a month. In addition, except for the all-day sunshine in winter, it should be shaded in other seasons and be given a light transmittance of 40% to 50%.

After 3-5 years of cultivation, Jifeng pear gradually declined, did not grow well, and even withered. Continuous elimination and renewal should be carried out in order to maintain its growth vitality.

Cultivation and Management of Jifeng Pear

Temperature management

Because it is native to tropical or subtropical regions and likes high temperature and humidity environment, it is very strict in winter, so it can not safely survive the winter when it is lower than 3-6 ℃; in summer, it can stand it when the temperature is above 35 ℃, but its growth will be temporarily hindered. The most suitable growth temperature is 18-30 ℃.

In the growing environment above 34 ℃, the correct treatment methods are: (1) to strengthen the air convection as much as possible to facilitate its transpiration and to lower the temperature in the body; (2) to spray the foliar surface 2-4 times a day: the higher the temperature, the more times the corresponding times will be. Spray less or no spray when the temperature is low or on rainy days; 3. Spray the ground around it, which is very helpful to reduce the ambient temperature around it.

In the growth environment below 6 ℃, the correct treatment is: 1, wrap it in a thin film for the winter, but uncover the film every two days when the temperature is high at noon and let it breathe; 2, move it to a heated room to survive the winter.

Humidity management

The relative temperature of the air in the growing environment is required to be more than 65%. When the air relative humidity of its growing environment is too low (when people's skin will feel dry and thirsty), for example, when placed in an indoor or air-conditioned environment where doors and windows are often closed, or on a cement balcony, its branches will be soft and the leaves will bend down. over time, its whole plant type will be destroyed and lose its ornamental value, at the same time, its growth will also be very weak. When it grows in an environment where the air relative humidity is too high (more than 85% for a long time. At this time, people will feel very humid or muggy), will make its leaves temporarily stop transpiration, growth weakness, for a long time, it will lead to the occurrence of various diseases. Its favorite air relative humidity is 65% ~ 75%. When the air relative humidity is less than 60%, such as an air-conditioned environment or an unventilated indoor environment, it can be adjusted by spraying the leaves, or you can put a plate full of water under the disk.

Light management

It used to live in the shade of bushes from temperate to warm temperate zones or on the northwest side of the hillside and can receive some intermittent direct sunlight every day. In the hot summer season (the daytime temperature is above 33 ℃), if it is maintained in direct sunlight, it will grow very slowly or go into a semi-dormant state, and the leaves will slowly turn yellow and fall off due to burns. Therefore, it should be shielded from about 50% of the sun in the hot summer. In spring, autumn and winter, because the temperature is not very high, it can be properly exposed to direct sunlight to facilitate its photosynthesis, flower bud formation and flowering.

Fertilizer and water management

There are many requirements for fertilizer and water, but the most afraid of random fertilization, concentrated fertilizer and partial application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, it is required to follow the principle of "frequent application of light fertilizer, less and more times, and complete nutrition".

Spring, summer and autumn

These three seasons are its peak growing season. Fertilizer and water management circulates in the order of "Hua Bao"-"Hua Bao" (at least twice a week). The interval period is about 1-4 days for outdoor maintenance, shorter intervals during sunny days or high temperatures, longer intervals or no watering during rainy days or low temperatures. Keep it indoors for 2-6 days, with shorter intervals during sunny or high temperatures, longer intervals or no watering during rainy or low temperatures. Watering time should be arranged as early as possible when the temperature is low in the morning. The most noteworthy is that when fertilizing or watering, the fertilizer and water should be poured into the rosette-shaped leaf tube. Summer is watered in the morning or evening when the temperature is low, and plants are often sprayed.

Winter

During the dormant period in winter, the main task is to control fertilizer and water. Fertilizer and water management circulates according to the sequence of "Huabao"-clear water-clear water-"Huabao"-clear water-clear water. The interval period is about 7-10 days, and the interval period is shorter during sunny days or high temperature periods. The interval period is longer or not watered during rainy days or low temperatures. Watering time is arranged as far as possible when the temperature is high at noon on a sunny day.

After reading the above introduction about the morphological characteristics and reproduction mode of Ji pineapple, do you know more about the morphological characteristics and reproduction mode of Ji pineapple? if you want to know more about Ji pineapple, please keep paying attention.

Culture methods of water tower flowers maintenance and propagation of water tower flowers in the four seasons

Water tower flower alias flame pineapple, Bill Jianya, red algae pineapple and so on, is a perennial evergreen herb, but also a relatively new indoor ornamental flower. The following editor brings the breeding methods of water tower flowers and the matters needing attention in the maintenance of water tower flowers in the four seasons.

The basic information of water tower flower

Billbergiapyramidalis, alias Flame pineapple, Bierjianya, red algae pineapple, flume pineapple, red pen pineapple, belongs to pineapple family, water tower flower genus, perennial evergreen herbaceous plant, introduced and cultivated in China in recent years, it is a good indoor foliage plant.

The water tower flower leaves are broadly lanceolate, acute, with serrulate, hard leathery and bright green edges, with thick horny layers and absorbing scales on the surface. The leaves are rotated and tufted from the rhizome, rosette at the base and barrel at the center. The leaf tube can hold water without leakage, shaped like a water tower, so it is named "Water Tower Flower". Spikes erect, taller than leaves, bracts pink, Corolla scarlet, petals revolute, margin purplish, more than blooming in winter and spring.

The culture method of water tower flower

1. Soil: the growth of water tower flower does not require high soil quality, and it is better to use slightly acidic sandy loam with rich humus and good drainage and ventilation, but avoid calcareous soil.

2. Sunshine: the water tower flower lives mainly in the shade of the bushes or in the northwest of the hillside, and can accept part of the intermittent direct sunlight every day. So if it is maintained in direct sunlight in summer, it will grow very slowly or enter a semi-dormant state, and the leaves will slowly turn yellow and fall off due to burns, so pay attention to cover 50% of the sun. In other seasons, because the temperature is not very high, the water tower flower can be given direct sunlight to facilitate its photosynthesis and the formation of flower buds and flowering.

3, temperature: water tower flower originated in tropical or subtropical regions, like high temperature and high humidity environment, so the most suitable growth temperature is 18: 30 ℃, when the summer temperature is above 35 ℃, but the growth will be temporarily hindered, but the winter temperature below 3: 6 ℃ can not safely survive the winter.

4. Moisture: the water tower flower environment needs more water during the peak growth period, but the basin soil should not be too wet. In addition to watering to keep the soil moist, the central tube of the water tower flower plant can also be filled with water. Watering less in winter, do not add a lot of water to the central tube, keep it moist; usually spray water around the plant to maintain high environmental humidity, and often scrub the leaf surface with a soft cloth to keep the leaf surface bright and clean.

5. Fertilization: there are many requirements for fertilizer and water, but they are most afraid of random fertilization, concentrated fertilizer and partial application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizer. It is required to follow the principle of "frequent application of light fertilizer, less and more times, and complete nutrition".

6. insect pests: there are mainly leaf spot disease and virus disease. Leaf spot disease was sprayed with 1000 times of topiramine wettable powder; virus disease was sprayed with 20% morphine hydrochloride copper wettable powder, once a week, 2 or 3 times in a row.

Four seasons maintenance of water tower

The water tower flower prefers warm and humid environment, and the optimum temperature for growth is 18-28 ℃. The cultivated soil should be loose, fertile and slightly acidic. At the same time, pay attention to the following technical links:

1. Keep warm in winter. Keep it in the greenhouse in winter, 5-10 ℃ can survive the winter safely, and grow well at about 15 ℃. When cultivating in the family, the potted plants should be placed indoors in the south-facing window during the day to fully accept the sunlight; in the evening, the plants should be moved away from the doors and windows to prevent freezing.

2. Turn the basin in spring. The basin can be turned over and changed in April, and the basin soil should be made of peat soil with good drainage performance and acid. After turning the basin, it is moved under the outdoor shade shed to spend the summer, often maintaining a high air humidity.

3. Summer heat prevention. When the plant is more than 30 ℃ in summer, the plant will be in a semi-dormant state, so it should be placed under the shade to avoid strong sunlight, and water should be often sprayed to the ground to increase air humidity and play a role in preventing heat and cooling.

4. Fertilizer and water management. The mature cake fertilizer and water were applied once a week in spring and autumn, and the flower color could be brightened by applying phosphate fertilizer twice before flowering in autumn. Fertilizer application should be stopped in heavy summer days and severe winter. The basin soil is often moist, and often maintains a high air humidity, but avoid excessive wetness and stagnant water in the basin to prevent rotting roots, resulting in the death of the whole plant.

Note:

The water tower flower is a semi-negative flower, which requires good ventilation and acidic sandy loam with rich humus and good drainage and ventilation. You can choose rotten leaf soil, moss fresh and garden soil (sand), mixed with a small amount of bone powder as base fertilizer, apply dilute liquid fertilizer every half month during the growing season, and apply 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate twice before flowering, then the color of flowers will be more eye-catching, and fertilization should be stopped during flowering, after anthesis and dormancy. The suitable temperature for growth is 20m / m / 28 degrees. When the temperature exceeds 30 degrees in hot summer, ventilation should be done to lower the temperature. Keep above 15 degrees in winter, see more light to grow healthily.

The propagation mode of water tower flower

1. Ramet propagation

Ramet propagation is mainly suitable for herbaceous flowers with tufted characteristics.

Ramet time: preferably after soil thawing in early spring (February or March).

Split method: take the mother plant out of the flowerpot, shake off the excess potted soil, separate the root system as much as possible, cut it into two or more plants with a sharp knife, and each plant should have a considerable root system. and its leaves are properly trimmed to facilitate survival.

Disinfection in a basin: soak the divided plants in 1500 times chlorothalonil solution for five minutes, then take out and dry, and then put on the basin. You can also irrigate the root with chlorothalonil immediately after potting.

Management after ramet: put the ramet into the basin and irrigate the root or irrigate once. Because its root system is greatly damaged and its water absorption capacity is very weak, it takes about 3-4 weeks to recover new roots. Therefore, it is necessary to control watering within 3-4 weeks after ramet to avoid rotting roots, but the transpiration of its leaves is not affected. In order to maintain the water balance of leaves, it is necessary to spray the leaf surface one or three times a day (more spraying at high temperature, less spraying at low temperature or no spraying at low temperature). Don't fertilize it these days. After the split, but also pay attention to the sun is too strong, it is best to put in the shade to maintain.

Pot or transplant: when the seedlings are installed in the pot, put a 2-3 cm thick matrix at the bottom of the pot, and then add the matrix until it is about 2-3 cm away from the edge of the basin. You can choose one of the following substrates for potting: peat: perlite: ceramsite = 2purl; or peat: vermiculite = 1bure1; or peat: slag: ceramsite = 2purl 1; sawdust: vermiculite: medium coarse river sand = 2:2:1. After putting on the basin, pour water once and keep it in a shaded environment.

2. Tillering propagation

The pot propagation of water tower flower is usually carried out by tillering method, and the methods are as follows:

Tillers were cultured in ①. After the plant enters the flowering stage from September to October every year, the tiller branches will germinate from the leaf axils at the base of the plant and should be kept at room temperature for more than 15 ℃ in winter to make the tiller branches grow continuously.

② divides tillering branches. When the tiller branch grows to the same height as the mother plant, the division can not only ensure its survival rate, but also achieve the result of spring cutting and autumn flowering. The division in the greenhouse can be carried out in any season as long as the temperature is 15: 30 ℃ and a certain humidity is maintained. Open-field segmentation is usually carried out in combination with turning the basin in spring. Methods: the mature and robust tiller branch was cut off from the base of the mother plant with a sharp knife, and the long blackened root tail at the base of the tiller branch was cut off, and the incision should be flat to facilitate the healing of roots.

③ potted soil preparation. 60% peat soil and 40% garden soil were mixed, or 1 part of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of garden soil, half of stable manure soil and half of rice chaff ash were mixed, which was suitable for fertile, loose and slightly acidic soil.

Tillering branches were planted in ④. The divided tiller branches were planted in the basin to keep moist and avoid strong sunlight. When the temperature was kept at 20-30 ℃, new roots could germinate in about 20 days.

The water tower flower is a relatively new indoor plant, which can blossom and is an indoor ornamental flower. The water tower flower is a good product for decorating balconies and halls, but there is more water on it, so it is easy to attract mosquitoes, so you should consider it when you choose.