What about the growing insects of potted camellias? disease and pest control of camellias (spraying insecticides)

With the progress of pot technology, camellia has become a scenic spot in many people's homes. Insects can grow in any plant, and camellia is no exception. What about the camellia worms? Camellia common pests are aphids, stem borer, red spiders, for each different insect, its control methods are not the same, let's take a look at camellia pest control.

What about the camellia worms? spray to kill the insects.

Camellia is very common in life, and its unique flowers and fragrance are loved by people. Earlier, we talked about how to raise camellias, the efficacy and function of camellias. Now let's talk about one of the most common problems: what to do with camellias and the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of camellias. There are many common pests in camellias, and each method of prevention and control is also different. Let's explain one by one below.

II. Control of diseases and insect pests of camellia

1. Aphids

Aphids are divided into winged aphids and wingless aphids. Aphids will cluster on the tender shoots of camellias to absorb juice, which will shrink the bud leaves of the injured camellias and seriously affect their growth. At the same time, the excrement of aphids can also cause bituminous disease.

Control methods: in the early stage of being injured by aphids, camellia plants can be sprayed with 2000 times of 50% phosphamine milk or 50% dimethoate emulsion every 3 to 5 days, and aphids can be eliminated about 3 times. Another method is to use 0.5 kg of cigarette sticks, 0.25 kg of quicklime, add water (about 10 to 15 liters), soak for one day and night, filter and remove slag after spray prevention.

2. Scale insects

What about the camellia worms? It's probably the kind of bug that looks like this. There are many species of scale insects, among which three kinds of scale insects are seriously harmful to camellias. The number of eggs laid by scale insects is very large, and each female can lay about a thousand eggs, which can lay 3 or 5 times a year. Therefore, when it is serious, the branches and leaves are covered with scale insects to absorb leaf liquid. The damaged leaves changed from green to grayish green and finally to yellow, resulting in the death of the whole plant.

Control methods: because most of the insects are concentrated, it is easier to find that the insect can be killed directly on the branches and leaves when the number is small in the early stage. If the number of insects is relatively large, it is necessary to grasp the characteristics of weak drug resistance of newly hatched nymphs and grasp the period of drug application. The body surface of the adult is waxy, and the effect of spraying is poor.)

3. Stem borer

Harm the branches of camellias, so that the killed branches wither and die. The harm is usually from March to April and from August to September.

Control method: cut off and burn the branches that give birth to stem borer, and trap and kill adults with light. During the peak period of adult Eclosion, 20% dimethoate emulsion 500 times or 90% trichlorfon 1000 times solution can be sprayed, and 90% trichlorfon 500 times solution can also be used in larval stage.

4. Dendrolimus spiniferus

Absorb the sap on the leaves, harm the insects of camellia leaves, its secretion can also lead to a large number of bituminous coal disease, seriously affect the normal photosynthesis of camellias, serious will cause a large number of falling flowers and other phenomena.

Control method: cut off the branches and leaves with insects and burn them centrally in winter or early spring. In the nymph incubation period, you can use imidophos, marathon, or dimethoate spray, once every 7 days, can be effectively controlled. Through the above answers, I believe we all know how to do camellia insects, camellia disease and pest control bar, let's take a look at camellia disease control.

III. Disease control of camellia

1. Anthrax

This disease is one of the common diseases of camellia, which usually occurs on the leaves of flowers and seedlings from June to July, and the disease spot starts from the leaf tip or leaf edge. At the beginning, water-stained green-brown disease spots appeared at the edge of the basal leaves, and then expanded into a layer of small black spots arranged in irregular large stripes to spread to the whole leaf, and finally caused the leaves to fall off.

Control methods: strengthen cultivation management, pay attention to the application of organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, improve plant disease resistance, remove diseased leaves and burn them in time. After the spring shoot grows, spray with 1% Bordeaux liquid to prevent bacterial infection. At the initial stage of the disease, 65% Dyson zinc wettable powder was sprayed with 600 times aqueous solution, or 70% methyl topiramate wettable powder 1000 Mel 1500 times was sprayed.

2. Soot disease

The disease can damage the branches and leaves, especially on the leaves. At the initial stage of the disease, soot-like mildew spots appeared in the disease, and then gradually expanded and connected to each other into pieces, so that most of the plants were covered by soot-like mildew layer. After parasitism, the pathogen not only absorbs the nutrients of flowers, but also seriously affects the photosynthesis and respiration of plants, resulting in a large number of fallen leaves.

Control methods: planting should not be too dense, keep the plants in good condition of ventilation and light transmission. Do not make the humidity too high, control the conditions for the growth of germs. During the onset of the disease, Baume 0.3 degree stone-sulfur mixture was sprayed once every 10 seconds for 15 days, for a total of 3 times. You can also use 50% tophan wettable powder 500 times liquid spray, 7 murine once every 10 days, spray 3 times, can receive the therapeutic effect.

3. Root knot nematode disease

The disease harms the roots of camellias, turning them dark brown and causing nodules to rot and break. The main root was enlarged, the new beard was not born, and the ground plant stopped growing, which gradually led to the death of the whole plant.

Prevention and control methods: disinfect the cultivated soil and kill the disease-causing insects before putting on the pot. Immediately after ② found the patient, the sterilized culture soil was used as the basin soil to change the basin. Before changing the basin, the potted soil can be used again after 3 days of exposure in the scorching sun factory. The soil can be disinfected by spraying the soil with dibromochloropropane and 100Mel 150 times water, but the soil after using this drug must be stacked for 20 days before it can be planted in the pot. Otherwise, it will damage the root system. The above is the whole content of the prevention and control of camellia diseases and insect pests, and what to do about camellia insects. I hope I can help you.

Primary color map of diseases and insect pests of camellia

Primary color map of diseases and insect pests of camellia

Scab disease

Plant diseases caused mainly by Elsinoe and S-phaceloma in fungi. Xanthomonas in bacteria and Streptomyces in actinomycetes can also cause scab. The affected site forms rough, slightly raised, scab-like or cork-shaped, round or oval spots, with central cracking or subsidence. The symptoms of stem pod, melon and fruit, root tuber and tuber were the most obvious. In severe cases, the disease spot is connected into pieces, the fruit is deformed, and the fleshy rhizome is dysplastic. The leaves were damaged and the young plants were killed. The bacteria overwintered in the diseased tissue or branches, the bacteria in the aboveground part were transmitted by wind and rain, the bacteria in the underground part were spread by the movement of water in the soil and the activities of underground organisms, and the seeds or plants with bacteria could spread over a long distance. Generally through the removal of diseased and disabled tissue, the application of organic fertilizer, growing period spraying and other measures. Control methods: ① strengthen management, apply more potash fertilizer, make the new shoots neatly and rapidly mature, do a good job of garden cleaning and pruning in winter, so as to improve the disease resistance of trees. ② chemical protection: in spring and early summer, Rain Water is more and the temperature is not very high, the disease is serious when the fog is thick and the water is heavy in the morning, so it is necessary to spray chemicals to protect the tender leaves. Agents for the prevention and treatment of canker and anthrax can be selected. The damaged leaves appeared waterlogged round spots at the initial stage, and then turned waxy yellow. The disease spot expands with the growth of the leaf, and gradually cork, protruding to one side of the leaf shows a conical scab, the other side is sunken inward, the leaves with many disease spots are twisted and deformed, seriously causing defoliation. The pathogen overwintered in the tissue of the disease department, and the optimum temperature for development was 16-23 ℃. When the temperature was above 15 ℃ in the overcast, rainy and humid weather in spring, conidia were produced and the disease was transmitted by wind, rain and insects. Air humidity in spring is the main factor to determine whether the disease is serious or not. The disease is prevalent in spring and late autumn shoots in case of continuous rain and heavy fog in the morning, but rarely occurs in summer due to high temperature. Prevention and control methods (1) pay attention to the selection of seedlings: disease-free seedlings should be selected in the new nursery to avoid transporting seedlings and taking scions in the disease area. (2) strengthen cultivation management: do a good job of garden cleaning and pruning in winter, and the diseased branches and fallen leaves should be centrally burned. Thinning and deleting dense branches, improving the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the crown, and reducing the air humidity in the crown. (3) spraying control: the disease only infects young tissue, so it is necessary to protect spring shoots, late autumn shoots and young fruits. The first spray is when the spring bud grows 2 mm, the second spray is in the flowering stage, and the spray in the late autumn tip depends on the weather. Available pesticides are: spray 0.3% 0.5% Bordeaux solution before infection, or 30% copper oxychloride 500 times 600 times solution, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times solution, or 50% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times solution preventive protection. The impregnated and dyed can be sprayed with 50% Topurazine wettable powder 600 times 800 times liquid and other internal inhalation fungicides.

Anthrax

[etiology and symptoms] the disease was caused by the infection of camellia leaves by Colletotrichum gloeosporoides. This is the main disease of camellias, with an incidence of 33%. The disease often occurs at the leaf margin, leaf tip and both sides of the leaf vein. Dark green markings appear at first, and then gradually expand into irregular Taipan, the color from brown to black, serious can spread to the whole leaf, causing a large number of fallen leaves.

The occurrence of the disease is closely related to temperature and temperature. In general, the optimal temperature for the disease was 25-28 ℃. When the temperature is suitable and the humidity increases, especially the continuous rainfall, it can promote the spread and development of the disease. Generally, the disease began in April, reached the peak from June to July, and tended to stop after September. [prevention and treatment methods] ① completely removed the diseased leaves. ② cut off the diseased branches in winter. ③ sprays 1% Bordeaux solution every half a month before the onset of the disease each year. ④ was sprayed with 600-fold chlorothalonil solution once a week for 3 consecutive 4 times. ⑤ strengthens cultivation management, scientific weeding and fertilization. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be increased in spring, and 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution is sprayed before the leaves are unfolded. Algal spot disease

[etiology and symptoms] the disease is caused by parasitic rust algae (Cephaleuros virescens). Disease spots can appear on both sides of the leaf, but mainly on the leaf surface. At the beginning, it was a small gray-green dot in the shape of a needle, and then gradually expanded outward in the form of radiation, forming an approximate round or irregular spot. The disease spot is obviously raised, and there are fine striped felt on the surface. In the later stage, the color of the lesion changed from grayish green to dark brown. Due to the cover of pathogens, the foliar photosynthesis is affected, which weakens the growth of camellia plants.

[incidence regularity] parasitic rust algae overwintered as filamentous nutrients in parasitic tissue, produced zoospores under wet conditions, and spores invaded new plants to make them get sick. The pathogen is a weak parasite. Under the condition of high temperature and high temperature, the disease is the most serious in the camellia forest which grows badly because of poor ventilation and light transmission. [control methods] ① should strengthen cultivation management, reasonable fertilization and timely pruning, so as to avoid excessive shade of camellia woodland and make it ventilated and transparent, so as to improve camellia resistance. ② can be prevented by spraying 0.2%-0.5% copper sulfate solution. Root rot disease

[etiology and symptoms] the disease is caused by a variety of pathogenic fungi, the most common of which are Phytophthora cinnamoni, Cylindrocladium crotalariae and Armillaria, which mainly infect the root system of camellia. The roots of the damaged plants rotted and turned black, the leaves turned yellow, the tip died, the flower buds fell, and the plants gradually withered and died.

[incidence regularity] the pathogen overwintered on the soil or diseased plant with sclerotia. In the following spring, when the temperature and humidity were suitable, the sclerotia germinated and spread in the soil, invading the roots of the plant. The higher the temperature, the higher the incidence. [prevention and control methods] ① should timely dig up the diseased plant and the bacteria-carrying soil near it, and disinfect the soil around the diseased plant with 1% copper sulfate solution to prevent the spread of bacteria. ② keeps the soil well drained and strictly prevents the accumulation of water in the cultivated land. ③ selected camellia varieties with strong disease resistance for cultivation. Flower rot

[etiology and symptoms] the disease is caused by camellia flower rot fungi (Giborinia camelliae Kohn) infecting petals. The injured flowers first appeared brown spots, and then gradually expanded until the whole flower turned brown and withered.

[incidence regularity] Flower rot fungi can form sclerotia on the flower stalk, and their spores can spread with the wind. The incidence is generally low in autumn. From December to March of the following year, the damage rate of flowers increased with the increase of temperature. [prevention and treatment] when ① finds camellias infected with this disease, they should be removed in time and burned centrally. Especially in the flowering period, it is necessary to clean up the diseased flowers that fall on the ground in time. Before flowering, ② can use fungicides, such as carbendazim, to spray buds for 2 or 3 times. Most of the camellias in ③ were planted in autumn, or the middle and late flowers were treated with gibberellin to make them bloom in autumn in order to avoid the peak of camellia flower rot fungi. Biological control method was used in ④. Sporidesmium sclerotivorum and Coniotnyrium minitans fungi were inoculated into the soil to kill the spores of the pathogen. ⑤ do not buy and cultivate camellia plants with flower rot. Withered branch disease

A disease caused by pathogenic fungi infecting twigs or old branches of camellia. The damaged branches were necrotic, the leaves changed from green to yellowish, dried up and fell off gradually from the top down, and finally the whole shoot withered and died.

Prevention and control methods 1. Cut off the diseased branches and burn them in winter. two。 Remove useless adventitious buds and weak branches and reduce pathogens as epiphytic sites. three. The diseased plants were isolated and maintained. 4. Before the camellia plant sprouted, it was sprayed with methyl topiramate, thiram, chlorothalonil and other fungicides. 5. Apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and less nitrogen fertilizer. Rust wall lice (rust spider) belongs to acaridae, gall mites family, the insect body is very small, with nymphs or adults harm young leaves, twigs, absorb juice. There were many small reddish brown spots on the back of the damaged leaves, and gradually expanded and appeared many reticular white cracks, the surface yellowed and lost luster, and the lower curvature of both sides and top of the leaves were atrophied to deciduous leaves, mainly the summer and autumn shoots of seedlings and young trees suffered more seriously. Prevention and control methods: 1. Spray stone-sulfur mixture, acaricide and malathion, 1.8% avermectin 5000 times liquid plus 4.5% high-efficiency permethrin 1500 times liquid or 15% chlorpromazine 2000ml 3000 times liquid spray; you can also use 50 grams of washing powder, 10 milliliters of diesel oil and 10 liters of water to evenly spray.

two。 Rust wall lice reproduce most rapidly in high temperature and dry climate, so it is necessary to cool and spray water in the nursery, and cut off the leaves damaged by rust tick lice in time.

Leaf mite

[for control methods, please see "Rust tick"]

Soot disease Camellia is affected by soot disease, its surface produces a dark brown to dark brown mildew layer, and then the mildew layer thickens into soot. Due to the different types of pathogens, mildew varies in the later stage, such as small black particles scattered on the mildew layer (that is, conidium or cyst shell) or bristle-shaped long conidial protuberance, and in the orchard where the disease occurs seriously, the canopy is covered with soot. [etiology]: there are many pathogens of the disease, except for the pure parasitism of soot, the other genera are epiphytic bacteria. The forms of the pathogens are different, but the mycelium is dark brown, forming asexual and sexual vegetative forms on the surface of the host. Ascospores dark brown or colorless, with one to several septate; closed cysts stipitate or sessile, with or without accessory filaments and bristles outside the shell. The hyphae of Capnodiunsp. Are filamentous, conidia unicellular, oval or oval, smooth and colorless. There are tube-shaped or nearly rod-shaped conidium densely in the mycelium, the end of which is dilated, round and dark brown, and the conidium is attached to the inflated part. The ascus is globose or oblate, membranous, dark, with orifices at the top of the vesicle, and superficial setae. The ascomycetes are rod-shaped and endophytic with 8 ascospores. The spores are long oval with diaphragm and brown. [occurrence regularity]: the disease overwintered in the diseased part with mycelia, conidia and closed cysts. In the following year, under suitable conditions of temperature and humidity, spores were propagated and spread to the host (litchi tree) by wind and rain. The secretions of shell insects, white moth wax cicada, whitefly, leaf gall mites and other pests were used as nutrition, grew and propagated, and spread infection and damage. Where the occurrence of the above-mentioned pests is common and serious in the orchard, it is beneficial to the epidemic of the disease. [prevention and control methods]: (1) Agricultural prevention and control: strengthen the management of camellias, adhere to rational fertilization, moderate pruning, remove diseased branches, facilitate ventilation and light transmission, enhance tree potential and reduce disease.

(2) Pesticide control: ① was used to control insect pests such as shell insects, white moth, wax cicada, whitefly and other piercing mouthparts, and reduce the pathogenic factors. For the patients with severe disease, ② should be administered twice continuously and sprayed once every 10 days. The selected medicaments are: 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, 600 times the liquid mixed at 1:1, or 77% thiazolyl wettable powder, or 0.3% chlorothalonil 0.5% Bordeaux solution, etc.

Shell worm

There are more than 30 species of common scale insects, among which the most serious damage to camellias are bran shield, blowing cotton and red wax.

Shell insects should be parasitic on the branches and leaves of camellias, especially on the main vein, leaf margin and back of the leaves, and pierce the mesophyll or branch cortex tissue with piercing mouthparts to absorb nutrients. It makes the leaves appear sunken yellow spots, or white cotton-like patches on the back of the leaves, or pink nodule-like protuberances on the branches, and the leaves turn yellow, curl, or even fall off. The plant grew poorly and the buds fell. When camellia is cultivated indoors and in greenhouse, it is vulnerable to shell insects if it is not well ventilated. Improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of camellias and inhibit the growth and reproduction of scale insects. [treatment] 1. During the incubation period of the scale insect, spraying a higher concentration of insecticide can be controlled or washed with a 1000-fold solution of 48% Lesbon EC. You can also use a 40% omethoate 5-fold solution coating rod. 45% malathion EC 1000 times liquid spray. Under the conditions of high temperature, high humidity and poor ventilation, especially during the long time in the greenhouse in autumn and winter, the stems and leaves are prone to scale insects. Strengthen ventilation and light transmission, and pay attention to the control of environmental humidity. If you find a small amount of live worms, wipe them off with a wet cloth in time, or you can use transparent tape to remove them. For productive cultivation, the nymphs can be sprayed with 1500 times of 25% buprofezin wettable powder during the peak incubation period. Frenzied scale killing has a special effect on the control of shell insects, and 800 times liquid of killing scale is used to spray evenly. 2. Soil method can be used to control camellias when there are not many camellias in the family. For example, it can be sprayed with an aqueous solution of washing powder. I have used "insecticidal aerosol" spray, it also has a very good effect, friends can also try. Bud worm

Aphids are divided into winged aphids and wingless aphids. Winged viviparous female aphid, wings transparent, body dark brown; wingless viviparous female aphid, wingless, body dark brown In addition, if early appearance and adult similar, wingless body, pale yellow. Adults and nymph swarm on the tender shoots of Camellia to absorb juice, which makes the buds and leaves of the injured Camellia shrivel and seriously affect their growth. Aphid faeces that cause bituminous coal disease.

[Control method] ① In the early peak of aphid occurrence, spray Camellia plants with 50% phosphorus amine emulsion 2 000 times or 50% dimethoate emulsion 1 000 times, spray once every 3~5 days, 3 times in succession, aphid can be eliminated. 2. Soak 0.5 kg of tobacco tendon, 0.25 kg of quicklime, 10~15 liters of water, soak for one day and night, filter to remove slag and spray to control, the effect is good. leaf miner

[Harm status] Leaf miner moth to larvae into camellia tender leaves and new shoots under the skin, for eating, May began to harm, June gradually serious pests, to July to September pest is the most serious. The epidermis of injured young leaves appeared translucent stripes, and the epidermis of injured new shoots appeared white or translucent bubbles. Camellia plants grow poorly and their leaves twist and fall.

[Control method] ① Fenvalerate 5000 times solution, omethoate 1000 times solution, before and after the occurrence of pests, continuous spraying 3 times, can be controlled. 2. If there are nymph pests in potted camellia, they can be killed manually. tea moth

This kind of insect pest mainly kills new shoots at the top of camellia by larvae, causing new shoots to die.

[Control method]: chemical control shall be carried out in time after larva hatching (mid-late July) to before overwintering of moth branches (October). The pesticide can be selected from 40% dimethoate, 80% dichlorvos emulsion 1500 times, 2.5% uranus emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times and 50% batan powder 1500 times. Be sure to wet the back of the infested leaves when spraying. leaf rollers

[Control methods see "tea moth"]

sunburn

Camellia sunburn is mainly caused by high temperature during the growth period of young leaves, and the leaves are sunburned. If only a few leaves appear this situation will not affect the growth of camellia. Once found, it should be sun-protected.

Miridae

Mirid bugs, also known as mirid bugs, cotton mirid bugs occur 5 generations a year, the main species are green mirid bugs, three-point mirid bugs, alfalfa mirid bugs, etc., green mirid bugs are the most serious harm. May began to harm the young leaves of Camellia, June-August severe damage, in late September to fly back to the winter site to lay eggs. Mirid bugs like wet, afraid of light, day and night out. 6-8 The damage is serious in the year with more monthly rainfall and high humidity, and light in the year with drought.

1. The liquid medicine must be sprayed on both sides of the camellia leaves, especially the damaged leaves, the upper and lower stems and the cracks around the ground. 2. The best control time is 5-7 p.m., and the control drugs should be used in rotation. When spraying, they should hit the periphery first, turn the circle to hit the inside, and concentrate on annihilation to prevent migration; 2. The control agents should be selected from internal absorption, fumigation, contact, or compound formulations. Such as mala phoxim, flufenuron, cypermethrin, profenofos, chlorpyrifos phoxim, cyhalothrin and so on. empoasca Vitis

The adults of green leafhopper are 3.3-3.7mm in length, yellowish green to green, compound eyes grayish brown to dark brown, no single eye, setose antennae, black ends. The protoplasts and scutellum are pale green, often with white spots. The front wing is translucent, slightly leathery, yellowish white, with pale green thin edges around it. After the wings transparent membrane, each foot below the end of the tibia pale green, brown claws; tarsus 3; hind foot jumping foot. The ventral dorsal plate is darker than the ventral plate, and the distal end is pale green. Head abaxially slightly shorter, protruding forward, beak brownish, base green. The egg is long elliptic, slightly curved, long diameter 0.6mm, short diameter 0.15mm, milky white. The nymph is 2.5-3.5mm long, similar to the adult.

Adult and nymph suck sap, the injured leaves appear yellow and white spots gradually expand into pieces, serious when the whole leaf pale early fall. It has 4-6 generations per year and overwinters as an adult in deciduous, weedy or low green plants. The next spring peach, plum, apricot after germination, fly to the tree to sting sap, after feeding mating eggs, eggs are mostly laid in the new shoots or leaves in the main vein. Egg stage 5-20 days; nymph stage 10 - 20 days; non-overwintering adult life span 30 days; complete a generation 40 - 50 days. Generations overlap due to irregular occurrence periods. The population increased in June and reached its peak in August and September. The last adult overwinters in autumn. Adult and nymph prefer daytime activities, sucking sap or perching on leaf dorsal spines. Adults are good at jumping and can spread by wind. The average temperature of ten days is 15-25℃, which is suitable for their growth and development. The density of insects decreases above 28℃ and continuous rainy days. Control method (1) Remove fallen leaves and weeds before adults emerge, and reduce overwintering insect sources. (2)After the migration of overwintering generation adults, timely spray 800 times solution of 20% Yechansan (methomyl) EC or 600-800 times solution of 25% metolcarb WP, 400 times solution of 20% methomyl EC, 1500-2000 times solution of 50% malathion EC, 2000 times solution of 20% Juma EC, 2.5% dichlorfen or kung fu EC, 50% anti-pirimicarb ultramicro WP 3000-4000 times, 10% imidacloprid WP 2500 times, 20% buprofezin EC 1000 times, 40% methidophos EC 1500 times, 2.5% buprofezin EC 2000 times, 35% saidan EC 2000 - 3000 times, can get good effect.