How to raise hibiscus flowers, cultivation methods and precautions of hibiscus flowers/sufficient light

Hibiscus flower, also known as Fusang flower, is a kind of flower plant of Malvaceae, which is highly ornamental and is cultivated in many areas of our country. However, if you want to raise it well, there are many things that need to be paid attention to. How to raise hibiscus flowers? What are the breeding methods and matters needing attention of hibiscus flower? Next, the editor will take you to learn about it.

First, how to raise hibiscus flowers and understand their habits

If we want to know how to raise hibiscus flowers, we must first understand its growth habits. It is a strong positive plant, likes to grow in a sunny environment, and is less hardy, so we must control the temperature when we raise it. We must not let the temperature be too low, otherwise it is easy to frostbite plants.

II. Culture methods and matters needing attention of hibiscus flower

1. Soil, rich in organic matter

Before we cultivate hibiscus flowers, we must first choose soil, which is a step to lay a good foundation, so we must pay special attention to it. Generally speaking, we had better choose a slightly acidic soil rich in organic matter and pH6.5-pH7, which is rich in nutrients and can make plants grow better.

two。 Temperature, 12 ℃-15 ℃

Hibiscus flower is a plant that likes to live in a warm environment and is less resistant to cold, so we must control the temperature when overwintering, and keep the temperature between 12 ℃ and 15 ℃ in greenhouse or other protected areas, so that it can survive the winter safely. If the indoor temperature is lower than 5 ℃, its leaves will dry up and fall off, and if it is below 0 ℃, it will also be frozen.

3. Fertilization, once a month

Fertilizer is one of the main nutrients in the growth process of hibiscus flower, especially after it enters the growth period, its demand for fertilizer is very high, basically every other month, so that it has enough nutrients to grow. However, when applying fertilizer, we must pay attention to the application of thin fertilizer, if the fertilizer concentration is too high, it is easy to burn plants.

4. Moisture, once a day

Hibiscus likes a warm and humid environment, so water is very important to it. When the climate is suitable, we should water it once a day and thoroughly. After entering summer, because the weather is relatively hot, the water will evaporate quickly, so we water it sooner or later, and spray its leaves irregularly to maintain the humidity of the air.

5. Light, 8 hours a day

Hibiscus flower is a strong positive plant, likes to grow in a sunny environment, and must maintain no less than 8 hours of care every day, so that it can grow better, if the light is not enough, it will cause its buds to fall off, the flowers will shrink, and the color will become dim, so we must keep it in sufficient light when we breed it.

6. Diseases and insect pests, chemical control

Diseases and insect pests are a problem that all plants are afraid of, and hibiscus flowers are no exception. This kind of problem is very harmful to plants, so we must deal with it in time when we find it, and the most direct and effective way to deal with it is to use pesticides for prevention and control. However, because different pest control methods are also different, the editor will not introduce them to you one by one here. You can refer to Zhu Hibiscus's pest and pest control article.

The cultivation methods and matters needing attention of Zhu hibiscus flowers teach you how to raise them.

Fusang alias: Fosang, hibiscus, safflower. Fusang is loved by people all over the world because it is easy to cultivate and has a long viewing period. What are the breeding methods and matters needing attention of hibiscus flower? Today, the editor of wed114 Marriage Network brings you the relevant content about how to raise Zhu Geun's flowers. Let's take a look.

Zhu Geun Hua pictures

Introduction of Zhu Geun-Hua

Hibiscus (scientific name: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn. ): also known as Fusang, hibiscus, Chinese rose. Because most of the flowers and colors are red, it is commonly known as the Great Safflower in Lingnan, China. Evergreen shrubs, ca. 1-3 m tall; branchlets Terete, sparsely stellate pilose. Leaves broadly ovate or narrowly ovate, both surfaces glabrous except for a little sparse hairs along veins abaxially. Flowers solitary in axils of upper leaves, often pendulous; Corolla funnelform, 6-10 cm in diam., rose red or light red, yellowish, petals Obovate, apex rounded, outside sparsely pilose. Capsule ovate, ca. 2.5 cm, smooth glabrous, beaked. The florescence is all year round.

Hibiscus is a popular ornamental plant in ancient times and its origin is China. The record of hibiscus has appeared in a book "the vegetation of the South" in the Western Jin Dynasty. The flowers are big and colorful, blooming all the year round, mainly for garden use. It is planted all over the world, especially in the tropics and subtropics.

Zhu Geun Hua pictures

Second, the mode of propagation of hibiscus flower

Cuttage

From May to October, it was carried out in the greenhouse in winter, but the survival rate was high in the plum rain season. The best cuttings are one-and-a-half Lignification, 10 cm long, cut off the lower leaves, leave the top leaves, cut flat, insert in the sand bed, maintain high air humidity, room temperature is 18-21 ℃, rooting 20-25 days after insertion. The rooting period can be shortened by treating the base of cuttings with 0.3% Mel 0.4% indole butyric acid for 1-2 seconds. Transplant into pot when the root is 3-4 cm long.

Grafting

In spring and autumn. It is mainly used for mulberry varieties with difficult cutting or slow rooting, especially for double-petal varieties with low survival rate of cutting. Branch grafting or bud grafting is possible, and the rootstock is supported by a single flower. The grafted seedlings branch and blossom in the same year.

Zhu Geun Hua pictures

III. Key points of cultivation of hibiscus flower

Soil

Hibiscus does not have high requirements for soil and can be adapted except saline-alkali soil. But it is better to use loose, fertile and well-drained slightly acidic loam or clayey soil. 4 parts of loam and 1 part of dried manure can be used to form nutritious soil.

Light

Hibiscus such as lack of light will make the buds fall off, the flowers will shrink, and the color of the flowers will be dim. Therefore, hibiscus should have more than 8 hours of light every day. However, shading is needed at the height of summer to prevent the sun from burning the plants. Cultivate the soil once in early spring, weed and cultivate the soil once a season. Every year after October, the potted hibiscus should be moved to the room temperature at 15: 22 ℃. After entering the room, pay attention to ventilation and proper light.

Watering

Hibiscus should be well watered. It is usually watered once a day to be thoroughly watered. Water each morning and evening in the summer day, and spray water on the ground for many times to cool down and increase the humidity of the air and prevent flowers and leaves from falling early. In winter, watering should be reduced and fertilization should be stopped to make it safe to pass the winter.

Fertilizer application

Hibiscus has a large demand for "fertilizer". When raising seedlings or pot planting in the nursery, 50 grams of dried pig manure is applied per plant, mixed with appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer and mature compost as base fertilizer, and 0.2% urea aqueous solution and light and thin fertilizer based on phosphate fertilizer are applied 2 times 3 times a month. In case of rainy season, compound granular fertilizer can be applied to the root, 100 grams per plant.

Zhu Geun Hua pictures

IV. Matters needing attention in culturing hibiscus flowers:

Fusang is a summer flower with gorgeous colors, but sometimes the family does not master its habits, so it is easy to fall buds in the summer flowering season, and it only blooms once in the summer in the north of our country because of the cold climate. According to the author's practice and experience of nurturing mulberry, if we want to keep the buds falling and blossom constantly, we should pay attention to the following problems:

1. Basin selection and watering.

Pot mulberry is best to use vegetarian pots or buckets (pots), these two kinds of flowerpots have good air permeability, which is convenient for mulberry roots to breathe and absorb water and fertilizer. Although the flowering period of Fusang is long (that is, it can constantly grow buds, and there are a large number of buds, which lays the foundation for a long flowering period), the flowering period of each flower is very short, the summer weather is hot and dry, and it can only bloom for more than one day. in case of cloudy and rainy days and a drop in temperature in late summer and early autumn, each flower can only bloom for 2 to 3 days. As there are more mulberries and buds, great water, fertilizer and plenty of sunshine are needed. Especially in the full bloom in summer, depending on the temperature and the dry and wet condition of the basin soil, water should be watered once or twice every day. To prevent water shortage and root retting caused by half-cut water and too much watering, spray water to the leaf surface and around the flowerpot at noon to cool down and maintain air humidity is beneficial to growth. Never spray water on flowers, because the scorching sun in midsummer can cause flower damage and affect viewing.

2. How to apply fertilizer.

It is best to apply fertilizer with self-made alum water, which can be absorbed well and take effect quickly. Use a plastic bucket with a lid to pour wastes such as chicken, fish and inedible intestines, together with waste water from chicken, fish, meat and rice washing, into the bucket, add an appropriate amount of black alum (ferrous sulfate), and rett the lid tightly for 2 months in summer and 3 months in autumn. When using it, it must be diluted with water, not too thick, to prevent root injury. If you are afraid that the fat alum water has a peculiar smell, you can put an appropriate amount of vinegar or orange peel into the bucket to reduce the smell. You can also go directly to the flower market to buy a bag of acid flower fertilizer, which can be put into a flowerpot to break the ground and then pour clear water to eliminate the smell.

3. Ensure a safe winter.

In the north, families failed to raise mulberry because they were frozen to death because they were not safe to survive the winter. Because Fusang is a tropical summer flower in the south, it is sexually sunny and not cold-resistant, the climate in the north is cold, and families grow flowers and build greenhouses unconditionally, so it is the key to raise mulberry safely through the winter. When the temperature drops to 6 ℃, Fusang must be moved indoors to prevent frostbite. You can cover the mulberry with a plastic bag and put a few small holes in the plastic bag to let it breathe. Pay attention to keep the basin soil slightly moist, because Fusang has hibernating habits, can not water too much, in order to prevent man-made frost damage.

4. How to prune and sprout.

The temperature rises gradually after the beginning of spring, and the mulberry begins to sprout. In order to make the mulberry blossom continuously in summer, we must pay attention to the pruning of its branches and timely sprouting. Pot mulberry cultivation in the family should not only prevent the plant from being too big and too high, but also make its branches luxuriant and blossom, which is a contradiction. The best way to solve this problem is to cut short about 10 cm from the main culm of Fusang, retain 3 to 5 main branches, each main branch to retain 2 to 3 branches, and trim them into bushes, which can make mulberry branches full and luxuriant and breed buds, and lay the foundation for continuous flowering. The second is to wipe the sprouts in time. Every bud that Fusang germinates in spring can develop into a flowering branch, and the bud must be wiped in time, otherwise its development will cause branch growth disorder, slender growth, scattered nutrition, and few and small blossoms. The specific requirements for erasing buds are usually: erase the diseased weak buds and retain the thick and strong buds; erase the overlapping buds and retain the sparse buds; erase the medial buds and retain the lateral buds.

Zhu Geun Hua pictures

5. Cultivation techniques of hibiscus flower

Change basin and trim

The pot soil should be loose and fertile sandy loam, and the pot should be changed before moving out in early spring and April every year.

Three things should be done when changing the basin: the first is to replace the new culture soil; the second is to cut off some of the overdense curly fibrous roots; the third is to apply sufficient base fertilizer and slightly add phosphate fertilizer to the bottom of the basin. In order to keep the tree shape graceful and with a large amount of flowers, according to the characteristics of strong sprouting ability of mulberry branches, pruning and shaping can be carried out before and after leaving the room in early spring, except for 2-3 buds at the base, all the upper branches are cut, pruning can promote the development of new branches, the growth will be more exuberant, and the plant shape will also be beautiful. After pruning, due to the reduction of aboveground consumption, it is necessary to properly control water and fertilizer.

Maintenance and management

Hibiscus is a positive tree species, which should be moved outdoors and placed in a sunny place at the beginning of May, when it is also the growing season for mulberry, so it is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, loosening the soil, pulling grass and so on. Apply dilute liquid fertilizer every 7-10 days, watering should depend on the dry and wet condition of the basin soil, too dry or too wet will affect flowering.

Lack of light, buds easy to fall off, flowers shrink, daily sunshine can not be less than 8 hours. Fusang has a great demand for fertilizer, so it is necessary to replenish light in time in cultivation. Potted mulberry plants, generally out of the house in April, change pots before leaving the house, appropriate shaping and pruning, in order to maintain a beautiful crown, watering during the growing period should be adequate, can not be short of water, can not be watered, usually once a day, summer days can be once in the morning and evening. The ground is often sprinkled to moisturize and cool down to prevent young leaves from scorching and flowers from falling early. After the cold day at the end of October, move into the greenhouse, the temperature should be kept above 12 ℃, after autumn management should be careful, should pay attention to less fertilizer in the later stage, so as to avoid the emergence of autumn shoots. Autumn shoot tissue is young, cold resistance is weak, cold weather will suffer frost damage.

Anti-freezing and keeping warm

Hibiscus is not resistant to frost and must be moved indoors to keep warm before Frosts Descent and the Beginning of Winter. The overwintering temperature should not be less than 5 ℃ to avoid freezing injury, and not higher than 15 ℃ to avoid affecting dormancy. Poor dormancy, poor growth and blossom in the following year. Furniture houses with good thermal insulation conditions facing south can survive the winter and can be covered with paper or plastic film to keep warm when the weather is colder. The first moving room should open windows every day for ventilation, pay attention to the dry and wet changes of the basin soil, and water properly. In the coldest weather, watering can prevent frost injury, but fertilization should be stopped.

Zhu Geun Hua pictures

VI. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests in hibiscus flower

Leaf spot disease

Hibiscus leaf spot is a true disease. It often happens when the weather turns cold at the end of autumn, especially in the north. The initial symptom is that the leaves appear light yellow and reddish yellow spots, and the disease spots are round or oval after enlargement. Under relatively humid conditions, black granules can appear on the disease spots, that is, the conidia of pathogens, and the leaves dry and fall off in the later stage. The key to the prevention and control of the disease is to do a good job of cold prevention, and protective measures should be taken when the strong wind drops temperature after autumn. on this basis, spraying 500,800-fold solution of Dysen zinc or 1500-fold ammonium can have a good control effect.

Stem rot

Hibiscus stem rot is a serious fungal disease which occurs widely day by day. The disease mostly occurs in the rainy season and is serious in high temperature and rainy conditions. Most of the pathogens were infected from the root-stem junction of the plant, and the initial symptom was not very obvious, but the cortex of the damaged part shrunk slightly dark brown, but the subcutaneous tissue began to rot and turned brown. After a week of disease spot around the stem, the plant withered and died. From the foliar point of view, at the initial stage of the disease, the leaves wilted, the edge appeared yellow-brown spots, gradually expanded to the inside, and the leaves dried up and fell off in the later stage. The key to the prevention and control of the disease is to prevent the plant from being washed by rainstorm for a long time, and to dry it with 200-500 times liquid topiramate every 10 days before and after the rainy season. The experiment shows that this method has a good control effect.

Root knot nematode disease

Hibiscus root-knot nematode is also a widely distributed and serious disease. Observed from the aboveground part of the disease, the growth of the leaves was weak at the initial stage, and reddish-brown spots appeared on the edge. And expanded inward, and the leaves dried up and fell off in the later stage. From the underground part, it was found that there were tumors of large and small between the roots of the plant, smooth flesh color in the initial stage, rough brown in the later stage, and pear-shaped female nematodes in the size of needle tips. The prevention and treatment of the disease is difficult. If the number of plants is small, the soil must be exposed to the sun for a long time, and the old soil should not be used again. More plants can also be applied aldicarb granules, according to the 5-inch pot buried in about 0.5 grams plan.

How to raise double hibiscus? Culture methods and matters needing attention of double hibiscus flower

Double hibiscus, also known as hibiscus peony, moon blossom, sour vinegar flower and so on, is the main variety of hibiscus in Malvaceae. The biggest difference with the original variety is that the petals are double, and the flower colors are more abundant, such as red, light red, orange and so on. So, how to raise double hibiscus? The breeding methods and matters needing attention of double hibiscus flower are introduced as follows.

Photo: double hibiscus flower

I. Culture method of double hibiscus

1. Lighting: double hibiscus is a positive tree species, it should be moved outside in early May and placed in a sunny place. If there is not enough light, the buds will fall off easily, the flowers will shrink, and the sunshine should not be less than 8 hours a day.

two。 Fertilization: double hibiscus has a great demand for fertilizer in the growing season, applying dilute liquid fertilizer every 7 to 10 days.

3. Watering: double hibiscus should be well watered during the growing period, not short of water or waterlogged. It is usually watered once a day, once in the morning and evening in the summer. The ground is often sprinkled to moisturize and cool down to prevent young leaves from scorching and flowers from falling early.

Photo: double hibiscus flower

4. Overwintering: double hibiscus moved into the greenhouse after a cool day at the end of October, and the temperature was kept above 12 ℃. Careful management should be taken after autumn, and less fertilizer should be paid attention to in the later stage to avoid sprouting autumn shoots. Autumn shoot tissue is young, cold resistance is weak, cold weather will suffer frost damage.

5. Pruning: double hibiscus can be pruned before and after leaving the room in early spring. Except for 2-3 buds at the base, all the upper branches are cut. Pruning can promote the development of new branches, grow more vigorously, and the plant shape is also beautiful. After pruning, due to the reduction of aboveground consumption, it is necessary to properly control water and fertilizer.

6. Change the basin: the double hibiscus potted soil should choose loose and fertile sandy loam, and the basin should be changed before moving out in early spring and April every year. When changing the basin, it is necessary to replace the new culture soil, cut off part of the overdense curly fibrous roots, apply sufficient base fertilizer, and slightly add phosphate fertilizer to the bottom of the basin.

Photo: double hibiscus flower

Matters needing attention in double hibiscus culture

Double hibiscus flowerpots should be breathable enough. when matching double hibiscus flowerpots, choose vegetarian roast plates with good air permeability, or wooden bucket plates, nutrients, do not apply a single fertilizer, to provide a full range of nutrients, the best light is 8 sunbathing a day. Move outside in early May and put it in a sunny place, which is also the growing season for mulberry. It is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, loosening the soil, pulling grass and so on. Apply dilute liquid fertilizer every 10 days, watering should depend on the dry and wet condition of the basin soil, too dry or too wet will affect flowering.

[editor's conclusion] double Zhu Geun likes high temperature and is afraid of low temperature, which requires special attention in the process of maintenance. The above introduces the breeding methods and matters needing attention of double hibiscus flower. I hope it can be helpful to you!