How to sow Forsythia suspensa? planting techniques of Forsythia suspensa / sowing in spring / emergence in 8-9 days

In the breeding methods of Forsythia suspensa, sowing and reproduction is a more commonly used method, this method has been tested countless times, so the survival rate is still relatively high, of course, the premise is that you have to master the correct sowing method, so how to sow Forsythia suspensa? What is the planting technology of Forsythia suspensa? Next, the editor will take you to learn about it.

How to sow Forsythia suspensa

About how to sow Forsythia suspensa, there are many things that need to be paid attention to, such as the harvest and storage of seeds, the selection of soil, and so on, so that the survival rate will be high. There are specific planting techniques of Forsythia suspensa in the following. Interested friends can learn about it.

2. Planting techniques of Forsythia suspensa

1. Seed harvesting, September-October harvest

The fruit of Forsythia suspensa usually ripens gradually from mid-September to early October, when we need to harvest it, so as to prevent the seeds from falling off after ripening. Generally, it is necessary to pick forsythia fruit with mature, full, large and heavy grains, then spread it thinly in a ventilated and cool place, and thresh after drying. After careful selection to remove miscellaneous, select neat, full and pest-free seeds, store and keep the seeds, wait until the next spring to plant.

two。 The selection of matrix and good drainage

Before planting Forsythia suspensa, we first need to choose soil. Although this plant does not have high requirements for soil, it is very helpful to choose a suitable soil for its growth. Generally speaking, it is best to choose loose and fertile humus soil as the matrix. This kind of soil has good drainage and air permeability, so it is not easy to have stagnant water.

3. Substrate disinfection, exposure or stir-frying

After we have selected the matrix of Forsythia suspensa, we also need to disinfect it so as to avoid latent diseases and insect pests. During disinfection, we can break it up and put it in the sun to disinfect it, or we can put it in a pan and stir-fry it so that any diseases and insects can be scalded to death.

4. Seeds are precipitated and soaked in warm water.

Before we plant Forsythia suspensa, we can also accelerate the germination of its seeds. First of all, we can choose mature and full seeds, soak them in about 30 ℃ of warm water for about 4 hours, remove them and pack them in wooden boxes or small jars with three times the wet sand, cover them with plastic film, place them in the leeward and sunny place, turn them twice a day, and often keep them moist. After more than 10 days, the seeds germinate and can be sown.

5. Planting method, seedling emergence in 8-9 days

The method of planting Forsythia suspensa is actually relatively simple. First of all, we should apply an appropriate amount of base fertilizer to the basin soil, then sow the seeds evenly on the soil surface, and then cover the soil with 1-2cm. When watering, we should pay attention to watering thoroughly, and the seedlings can emerge in about 8-9 days.

How to sow Forsythia suspensa

How to collect seeds of Forsythia suspensa

When collecting seeds, we should choose the dominant mother plant, which has strong growth, dense branches, full flowers and fruits, and no diseases and insect pests.

Pay attention to observe the time of blooming and fruiting, and grasp the appropriate time to collect seeds to avoid falling off after the seeds are ripe.

Generally, seed collection is to collect mature fruits from mid-September, late September to early October. Forsythia fruits with mature, full, large and heavy grains should be collected, then spread out thinly in a cool and ventilated place, and then threshed after drying.

After careful selection to remove miscellaneous, select neat, full and disease-free seeds, storage and retention of seeds.

How to store forsythia seeds

The survival rate of seeds stored under different conditions was different, and the germination rate of seeds stored in dryers was higher.

If stored with damp sand, the seeds have germinated one after another during storage, so the seedling emergence rate in the later stage of sowing is not as high as that in dryers.

How to sow forsythia seeds

Forsythia seeds are easy to germinate under high temperature, so sowing is generally arranged in spring or winter, spring sowing in the first and middle of April, and winter sowing before freezing.

Because the seed coat of Forsythia suspensa seed is hard, if it is not pretreated and sown directly, it will take more than a month to germinate and unearthed, so the seed can be germinated before sowing.

Select mature and full seeds, soak them in about 30 ℃ of warm water for about 4 hours, remove them, mix them with wet sand, pack them in wooden boxes or small vats, cover them with plastic film, place them in the leeward and sunny place, turn them twice a day, and often keep them moist. After more than 10 days, the seeds germinate and can be sowed.

Before sowing, if the soil is relatively dry, you need to water first, mix the fine sand into the seeds, evenly spread it into the soil, and slightly suppress it after covering the soil, the soil should not be too thick, generally about 1 cm, and then cover the grass to keep moist.

The germinated seeds can emerge 8 or 9 days after sowing, fix the seedlings when the seedlings are 10 cm high, and transplant them when the seedlings are 30 cm high in the first ten days of April of the following year.

What kind of plant is Forsythia suspensa and how to grow it? Cultivation techniques of Forsythia suspensa

Picture: forsythia blossoms

[FAQ] what kind of plant is Forsythia suspensa and how to grow it?

[expert answers]

Brief introduction:

Forsythia Hong Kong, commonly known as a string of gold, is a deciduous shrub of the genus Forsythia of the family Oleaceae. Forsythia suspensa blossoms in the early spring, the fragrance of the flower is light, the branches are golden and lovely, it is a fine flowering shrub in early spring, the plant height is about 3 meters, the branches are clustered, the branchlets are yellow, the arch is drooping and hollow. Leaves opposite, simple or 3-foliolate, ovate or ovate-elliptic, margin dentate. Corolla yellow, 1-3 in leaf axils; fruit ovoid, ovate-elliptic or long-elliptic, apex beak-acuminate, surface sparsely lenticellate; fruiting pedicel 0.7-1.5 cm long. The florescence is from March to April and the fruiting period is from July to September. Born in thickets on mountain slopes, under forests or grasses, or in sparse forests in valleys and gullies, 250-2200 m above sea level. The fruit can be used as medicine. Produced in Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, western Anhui, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan.

How to grow forsythia? Cultivation techniques of Forsythia suspensa

1. Land selection and preparation

The seedling land had better choose the sandy land with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage; the cuttage seedling land had better use sand land (good permeability, easy to root), and should be close to the place with water for irrigation. In order to facilitate cross-pollination and improve the seed setting rate of Forsythia suspensa, it is necessary to choose mountainous areas or gentle slopes with thick soil layer, loose fertility, good drainage and leeward to the sun, so as to dig holes for planting. It can also be planted sporadically in wasteland, roadside, field edge, corner, front and back, courtyard gap. After the land is selected, before sowing or planting, turn the land deeply, apply sufficient base fertilizer, apply 3000 kilograms of base fertilizer per mu, mainly barnyard manure, spread evenly to the ground. Deep turn about 30 cm, leveling rake fine border, border width 1.2 meters, height 15 cm, border ditch width 30 cm, border surface is tile back shape. Planting holes should be dug in advance. Plant after applying enough base fertilizer.

2. Raising seedlings

Forsythia can be propagated by seed, cuttage, striping, plant division and other methods, and seed and cutting propagation is the main method in production.

Seed breeding: the seed coat of Forsythia suspensa seed is hard, without pretreatment, direct seeding nursery, it takes more than 1 month to germinate and unearth. Therefore, budding treatment can be carried out before sowing. This method can be used in new introduction areas. The specific method is as follows: select mature and full seeds, soak them in about 30 ℃ of warm water for about 4 hours, remove them, mix them with wet sand and pack them in wooden boxes or small vats, cover them with plastic film, place them in the leeward and sunny place, turn them twice a day, and often keep them moist. After more than 10 days, the seeds germinate and can be sowed. The seedlings can emerge 8-9 days after sowing, and about 20 days earlier than the seeds without pretreatment. If the land is dry, first water the border, and sow seeds when the topsoil is slightly loose. Spring sowing before and after the Qingming Festival, and winter sowing before freezing (seeds do not need to be treated, seedlings can emerge the following year). When sowing, on the finished border surface, open a ditch with a depth of 1 cm according to the row spacing of 20 Mel 25 cm, mix the seeds with fine sand, spread them evenly into the ditch, cover the soil flat, and suppress them slightly. The seedlings can be unearthed in 10-15 days. The amount of seed used per mu is about 2-3 kg. Cover the soil should not be too thick, generally about 1 cm, and then cover the grass to keep moist. After the seeds were unearthed, the grass was unearthed immediately. When the seedling height is 10 cm, the seedling is fixed according to the plant distance of 10 cm, and when the seedling height is about 30 cm in the first ten days of April of the following year, it can be transplanted in the field.

Striping propagation: the drooping branches of the plant are buried in the soil in spring and cut off from the mother plant in the following spring. Generally, cuttage propagation is the main method, and seedlings should be planted on fertile soil with sunny and good drainage. If the land is not selected properly and the soil is barren, the growth is slow and the yield is low. Withered branches, weak branches and over-dense and over-old branches should be cut off every year after flowering. At the same time, pay attention to rhizosphere fertilization.

Cutting propagation: after defoliation in autumn or before sprouting in spring, cuttings can be cut, but it is better in spring. Select 1-2-year-old sturdy twigs and cut them into cuttings that are 30 cm long. The top cut should be 0.8 cm away from the first node. Each cuttings must have 2-3 nodes. Then the lower end of the joint is cut into a plane. In order to improve the survival rate of cuttings, the cuttings could be divided into 50 roots and a bundle, soaked in 500ppmABT rooting powder or 500-1000ppm indole butyric acid solution for 10 seconds, and dried. In the south, there are more cuttings in the open field in early spring, while in the north, the cuttings are more in summer. Before cutting, rake the seedling bed fine and flat, make a high border, 1.5 meters wide, according to the row spacing of 20 × 10 cm, obliquely insert into the border, insert 18-20 cm deep into the soil, expose the uppermost section of the branch to the ground, and then bury the soil for compaction, and often water the soil during drought to keep the soil moist, but not too wet, otherwise the cuttings will blacken and rot. Under normal management, the seedling rate of cuttings can be as high as 90%. To strengthen field management, the height of seedlings can reach more than 50 cm after autumn, and can be planted in the following spring.

Split propagation: after "Frosts Descent" or before sprouting in spring, the young strips that occurred next to the tree for more than 3 years were dug out with soil for transplanting or the whole tree was shaved out for transplanting. Generally, a plant can be divided into 3-5 plants. The key to using this method is to make each small plant with a little fibrous root, so that the survival rate is high and the effect is quick.

3. Colonization

Before planting, fertilize in the hole first, apply rotten stable fertilizer or soil fertilizer and appropriate amount of compound fertilizer in each hole (see soil selection and soil preparation). When planting, the root system of the seedling should be stretched, layered and solid, and the soil cover at the planting point should be higher than the hole surface, so as to avoid the cave soil sinking after rain, which is not conducive to survival and growth. In order to overcome the self-flowering sterility of the same plant of Forsythia suspensa and improve the pollination rate, the planting points of long-style flowers and short-style flowers must be arranged reasonably. According to relevant reports, the fruiting rates of these two different types of flowers growing in different environments at the same time are very different. Under the condition of interphase cultivation (interrow mixing), the fruiting rate was 63.9%, under natural conditions.

For the plots with more results, the result rate is only 47%. Therefore, if the same cultivation is changed to inter-plant mixed planting, the fruiting rate is higher, because the long-styled flower plants and short-styled flowers are surrounded by each other, and pollination is less affected by wind direction, slope direction, uphill and downhill than inter-row mixed pollination, which can obviously improve the pollination rate. When forsythia was mixed, the configuration of two adjacent long-style plants and short-style plants were different, and they should be staggered up and down, that is, the plants with single-row, double-row and double-row configuration were the same. Except for the florescence, it is difficult to distinguish between the long-styled and short-styled plants of Forsythia suspensa, especially the seedlings. In order to meet the needs of production, it can be propagated by cutting, pressing and dividing plants respectively when it blossoms, mainly by cutting, because of its wide source of propagation materials, high utilization rate and high propagation coefficient, which can meet the needs of afforestation. As a result, the problem of insufficient seedlings in mixed planting of two different types of flower plants can be solved.

4. Ploughing and weeding

Weeding should be often loosened at the seedling stage, and weeds should be ploughed and weeded once a year next to the forsythia tree every winter after planting, and the weeds around the plant can be eradicated or pulled out by hand.

5. Fertilization

Frequent application of thin fertilizer at seedling stage can also be trenched between rows. After planting, in combination with loose soil weeding, rotten stable fertilizer, cake fertilizer or soil miscellaneous fertilizer were applied every winter, the dosage was 2 kg per young tree and 10 kg per fruiting tree, which was applied by digging holes or trenching beside forsythia plants, covering soil after application, choking roots and cultivating soil, in order to promote the growth of young trees and blossom and bear more fruit. Where there are conditions, fertilization can be increased once before flowering in spring.

After forsythia tree pruning, each plant was treated with 2 kg of plant ash, 200 g of calcium superphosphate, 250 g of cake fertilizer and 100 g of urea. Open an annular ditch under the canopy and apply it to cover the soil and cultivate the soil to preserve soil moisture. Early forsythia can be intercropped with dwarf crops between rows.

6. Drainage and irrigation

Pay attention to keep the soil moist, timely ditch irrigation or watering during the dry season, and trench drainage in the rainy season to avoid stagnant water and rotten roots.

7. Shaping and pruning

After planting, when the young tree of Forsythia suspensa is about 1 meter high, after defoliation in winter, the top tip is cut off at 70 miles 80 cm from the ground in the trunk. And then in summer by picking the heart, multi-branching. In different directions, 3-4 fully developed lateral branches were selected and cultivated into main branches.

After that, 3-4 strong branches were selected on the main branch and cultivated into the secondary main branch, and on the secondary main branch, the lateral branches were released. Through several years of shaping and pruning, it forms a natural happy tree with low dry crown, hollow and outer circle, ventilation and light, sparse branchlets and early fruit.

At the same time, the withered branches, wrapped branches, overlapping branches, crossed branches, slender branches, overgrown branches and disease and insect branches were cut off every winter. During the growth period, we should also carry out appropriate thinning and deletion. For the fruiting branches that have blossomed and fruited for many years and began to grow old, it is also necessary to cut short or re-cut (that is, 2 big branches), which can promote the emergence of strong branches below the cutting mouth, restore the tree potential and improve the fruiting rate.

[editor's comment] Forsythia suspensa is not strict on the soil and is easy to feed. It is a medicinal plant. Its fruit is used as medicine to clear away heat and detoxification. It mainly treats diseases such as wind-hot cold, sore throat and acute nephritis. It can also be fed on dry land, cold and barren, that is, it is afraid of waterlogging. Special attention should be paid to drainage and irrigation to avoid stagnant water causing rotting roots. The above is the first agricultural economic editor for you to introduce forsythia cultivation techniques and a variety of key points analysis, I hope to help you.