What to do if the rose leaves turn yellow? I'll teach you how to deal with it easily.

Rose leaves yellow is likely to be caused by root damage, root damage is mainly due to the usual large amount of watering, there is a lot of water in the pot. At this time, it is necessary to place the flowerpot in a better ventilated environment and reduce the amount of watering.

In addition, too long without watering flowers leaves will also yellow, because the soil is too dry lack of water and nutrition. At this time, we should quickly pour some water on this flower. If there is too much water shortage, we should water it thoroughly at one time. Don't always water it later.

Improper fertilization will also lead to yellow leaves of flowers, fertilizer must be decomposed before use, otherwise it will lead to flower root rot, so that flower root rot phenomenon. The nitrogen fertilizer in the flower fertilizer can promote the growth of leaves, and the phosphorus fertilizer can promote the flowering of plants faster. If the whole plant lacks nitrogen fertilizer, there will be yellow leaves that do not grow. At this time, it is necessary to apply some nitrogen fertilizer in time to make the leaves grow healthily. Be sure to spread the fertilizer before you apply it.

Rose flowers are always placed in direct sunlight, so if the weather is too hot, the light will be particularly strong, when the leaves easily turn yellow. When breeding, it is best to place it in direct sunlight at seven or eight o'clock in the morning, and then put it in direct sunlight at five or six o'clock in the evening. At noon, it should be placed in a ventilated and shaded place for breeding.

If the pot soil is very hard and hardened, the roots of the flowers and plants cannot breathe normally. In this poor air permeability environment for a long time, the flowers and plants will have various diseases such as yellow leaves and damaged roots. At this time, it is necessary to turn over the soil in the flowerpot in time, or use chopsticks to make some small holes in the soil for ventilation.

Do these management work well and easily deal with garden maintenance in March

March is a busy month when temperatures rise and rain increases, when a variety of garden plant diseases and insect pests are stirring and weeds begin to take root. Nursery stock people want to do a good job in garden maintenance, so what exactly do you want to do? A summary of March maintenance is compiled for reference!

the tree transplant

If deciduous trees are excavated and planted this month, appropriate protective measures should be taken. To dig and plant evergreen trees in time, after planting, root water should be irrigated. Combined with root water, fast-growing roots can be used to promote their rapid rooting and survival. In areas where watering is inconvenient, big tree nutrition express can also be used to supplement water and nutrition.

The seedlings planted in late autumn and early winter last year should be strengthened and managed, and measures such as weir expansion, watering, settlement, filling and plugging, reinforcement and adjustment of support should be taken.

pruning

On the basis of winter pruning, re-pruning shall be carried out to cut off branches with serious branches and damaged branches caused by various reasons; stripping and pruning of trees shall be done well, and redundant buds and branches with improper growth parts shall be removed at any time.

water (green)

In March, the northern, northwest and northeast regions of North China will irrigate green water according to the situation when the temperature rises. In other areas, watering is determined according to precipitation.

lawn maintenance

At the beginning of the month, the grass layer should be cleaned in time to help improve the ground temperature, and the turf for many years should be perforated for ventilation. After vernal equinox, winter cold-season lawn enters spring growth stage, and topdressing can be started in late March to promote rapid growth of lawn after greening. However, water and fertilizer control measures should be taken in March to control the growth of ryegrass in East China and Central China.

pest control

(1)Control of Cichlid

If no control measures are taken when the scale hatches in February, the scale will transfer to the aboveground part of garden plants to cause damage after it is awakened. Therefore, spraying should be taken in the middle and late March at the peak of occurrence of the scale, and the crazy scale can be selected for control, especially for the trunk.

(2)Control of White Scale of Mulberry in Overwintering Generation

Mulberry white scale mainly damages garden plants such as red-leaf peach, green peach, cherry, locust tree, peach tree and cherry. It occurs from Hainan to Liaoning and overwinters as fertilized female insects. In March, the weather turns warm, trees sprout and overwintering female insects begin to lay eggs. According to the occurrence situation in various places, it can be controlled in time, and can be controlled together with the grass scale.

(3)Control of Monochamus bicinctus

The adults of Monochamus bifasciatus began to bite a flat hole in the bark in the middle of February, the peak period of hole emergence was from the middle of March to the first ten days of April, the adults began to lay eggs in the first ten days of March, and the peak period of laying eggs was in the last ten days of March. Therefore, comprehensive control measures such as spraying dry or sealing dry with strong contact killing chemicals such as Ganchongjing to prevent adults from laying eggs or trapping adults with bait trees could be used to control Monochamus bifasciatus at the end of March.

(4)Control of overwintering Diaphania buxus

Buxus sylvestris mainly damages Buxus chinensis, Buxus cristatus, Euonymus microphylla, Ilex chinensis, Euonymus and other plants to overwinter as mature larvae. After the young leaves of Buxus grow out around the vernal equinox, the overwintering larvae directly feed on a large number of Buxus leaves to store nutrients for pupation. Therefore, in East China, Central China and other places, when a large number of overwintering generation of P. chinensis occur in March, timely control will be carried out to reduce the base number of the first generation. Can choose Ye Chongjing, crazy kill and other chemicals for control, yellow box wild borer older larvae will spin silk and damage leaves, application must be uniform, to achieve the purpose of thorough control.

(5)Conservation in South China

In March, the temperature and humidity in South China are suitable, and a large number of diseases and insect pests begin to occur, which should be prevented and controlled in time. Such as damage to small-leaf Lagerstroemia, rose, Murraya and other garden plants white powder disease and egg rust will occur in large areas, can choose 1600 times solution of pink rust control, spray once every 7 days, continuous control 2- 3 times. The pests are mainly piercing-sucking pests, such as aphids, autumn maple leafhoppers, fig thrips and other new shoots of harmful plants, which can be controlled by diluted spraying with pymetrozine mixed with water for 2-3 consecutive times; or by irrigating roots after diluted 1500 times without insects, the control effect can last for more than 4-6 months.

weed control

March is the season when willows are green and grass grows and orioles fly. The weeds in the lawn also begin to turn green and grow rapidly, mainly dandelion, annual weed, shepherd's purse, Veronica, Galium communis, clustered ear, knee, yellow cabbage, etc. among broad-leaved weeds. Cold season grass can be controlled by lawn or grass; warm season grass can be controlled by grass.

The above are the key points of garden maintenance in March. I hope it will help you. If you want to know more agricultural technology knowledge, please pay attention to Huinong School!

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Family Flower-Raising Practical Complete Book (Part II)

31. What are the benefits of applying fertilizer outside the roots? External root fertilization, also known as foliar fertilization, is a method of fertilizing by spraying chemical fertilizer or trace element diluent on foliar surface and absorbing it through leaf stomata. The main advantages of external fertilization are: low dosage, significant and rapid fertilizer efficiency, no fixation by soil and no influence on root absorption function.

32. Why not apply undecomposed fertilizer? Some flower lovers, often rotten eggs, chicken duck fish viscera, skin, raw horse manure, cake fertilizer buried in the basin soil, this thought can increase nutrients, so that flowers flourish leaves, the result backfired, but hurt the flowers. Why is that? Because the growth and development of flowers rely on the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron... all kinds of nutrients dissolved in water through fermentation in the soil, and the above-mentioned rotten food, without fermentation, is directly buried in the pot, after application of water fermentation to produce high temperature, will directly scald the roots of flowers, coupled with microbial activities, resulting in soil hypoxia, resulting in flower death. At the same time, undecomposed fertilizer will produce a kind of odor when fermenting, attract flies to lay eggs, maggots can also bite roots, endanger flower growth, odor can also pollute the environment. Therefore, flower cultivation should pay attention to the application of fully decomposed fertilizer in order to ensure good growth of flowers.

33. What is the harm of applying rich fertilizer? If the concentration of liquid fertilizer is too high, it will often lead to the withered branches and leaves of flowers, or even the death of the whole plant. What is the reason for this? Because under normal circumstances, the concentration of plant root hair cell solution is greater than that of soil solution, so the osmotic pressure of the two is different. At this time, the soil solution can continuously penetrate into the root hair cell, and the root hair can absorb water and nutrients from the soil to supply the growth and development of flowers. If the concentration of liquid fertilizer is too high (its concentration is greater than the depth of cell solution), there will be a reverse phenomenon, that is, the cell solution will penetrate into the soil solution instead, causing the root cells to lose water, causing the plasmatic wall to separate, and causing the plant to wither and die when it is serious. The reason is similar to the family pickled pickles, salt, vegetables into the water tank, not long, salt water becomes weak, vegetables become wilted. This phenomenon occurs when fertilizer is too much, if the retting system liquid fertilizer is too concentrated, a similar phenomenon will occur. Therefore, the concentration of fertilizer solution applied to potted flowers should not be too high, generally about 0.1% is appropriate. When applying the liquid fertilizer of retting system, it should also be diluted 5~10 times. Family Flower-Raising Practical Complete Book (Part II)

34. Why is eggshell and tea residue harmful to flowers?

In daily life, some people love to buckle egg shells in flowerpots or water flowers with leftover tea, thinking that this is beneficial to flower growth, but in fact it is often counterproductive. Because the egg shell is buckled on the flowerpot, the remaining egg white in the shell will flow into the surface of the pot soil, ferment and generate heat, directly burn the roots of the plant. At the same time, egg white fermentation will produce a kind of odor, attract flies maggots, bite roots, and then easy to induce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, affecting flower growth. Tea contains theophylline, caffeine and other alkalis, which have a relatively destructive effect on organic matter nutrients in the soil. At the same time, residual tea covers the pot surface, which will gradually ferment and rot over time, hinder the pot soil to ventilate, cause hypoxia in the pot, affect the root respiration, and be unfavorable to the growth of flowers. However, after retting the egg shell, take its supernatant for topdressing or shell baking mash, applied into the basin soil, the growth and development of flowers is beneficial. Retting tea residue as base fertilizer application, soil improvement is also beneficial. The flower proverb "seven points by tube, three points by shear" is an important flower cultivation experience. Through pruning, not only can the flower branches be evenly distributed, nutrients saved, plant potential adjusted, excessive growth controlled, so that the flower plant shape neat, elegant posture, and more important is conducive to more flowers. Most flowers bloom on new branches. Only by constantly pruning old branches can new branches be promoted, flowers bloom and fruits bear more fruits.

35. How does air humidity affect the growth of foliage plants?

The water required by foliage plants is easily solved in the process of watering, but the difficulty is their special requirement for air humidity. Because most of them are native to tropical rainforests, they require air humidity of at least 60%. Therefore, air humidity is an important factor in keeping plants green and green. In the northern part of the room, the relative humidity is mostly lower than 60%, under normal circumstances, as long as not less than 50%, most varieties can also grow normally. On the contrary, if the humidity is less than 40%, the leaves of the plant will produce scorched edges and yellow phenomena. At this time, water should be sprayed frequently, or covered with plastic cover, or measures such as deep basin evaporation method should be implemented to improve air humidity. Foliage plants in a dry environment for a long time, not only the leaves lose luster, the growth of the whole plant will also weaken, slow growth or stagnation, until withered death. Plants bought from flower shops often grow poorly, mostly because they are not adapted to the dry air in the room. Therefore, controlling humidity is another key to the conservation and management of foliage plants.

36. Why do you need to increase the humidity of the air?

All physiological functions of flowers can only be carried out with water participation. Without water, the metabolic function of flowers will stop, resulting in death. Flowers absorb water in two ways, from soil moisture and air humidity. In the hot season, the air humidity is large, correspondingly reducing the temperature, which is good for the growth of flowers. Some flowers that like humidity can only survive in larger air humidity. For example, orchids, turtles, ferns and begonias require a relative humidity of 80%--85% in summer, but not less than 65%--75% in winter; evergreen ornamental flowers such as hibiscus, white orchids, five-colored plum, jasmine, rubber tree, poinsettia, etc. require a relative humidity of not less than 70% in summer and not less than 60% in winter; Even drought-loving cacti or succulent flowers must have a relative humidity of more than 60% in order to grow well during the summer growing season. Balcony in the building height, hot season strong light, so that the balcony ground, fence, walls and other places absorb more heat, heat dissipation slow, so the balcony temperature is high, reduce the air humidity; usually because of the building high wind, air humidity is not big. Balcony air humidity is in low condition for a long time, flower plant appears dull luster, no vitality, even new bud dry tip, leaf has coke edge, coke spot, seriously affect the growth and development of flowers and flowers, so balcony flower cultivation should increase air humidity. Family Flower-Raising Practical Complete Book (Part II)

37. What kind of soil is commonly used to raise potted flowers? All kinds of flowers and their different stages of growth and development, the soil requirements are also different, usually used basin soil materials, there are roughly the following: plain sand This is a fine sand, pure texture, containing less clay particles, smooth drainage. This kind of soil is often used as the sowing soil of general flowers, or as the branch and bud cuttage of herbaceous flowers and the young branch cuttage soil of woody flowers, and is also the main material for modulation of culture soil. Peat soil, also known as peat soil, is collected from peat bogs. It is formed under the condition of continuous accumulation of organic matter under flooding and anaerobic conditions, and its organic matter content varies, some as high as 80%--90%, and it contains a large amount of fiber and humic acid. Soft quality, fertilizer adsorption and water retention capacity is strong, good water permeability. Turfy soil is acidic or neutral soil, containing organic matter, suitable for slow rooting evergreen flowers and trees cutting soil, or mixed with plain sand for general flower seeding and cutting soil. It can also be used to prepare cultivation soil. A mature loam on the surface of a pastoral soil, used for flower beds or for cultivation. Furnace lime soil has strong drainage permeability and can be used to prepare culture soil. Ash screen slag can be put into the bottom of the basin as a drainage layer. Forest humus is formed by fermentation and decomposition of forest litter, moss and sand after natural accumulation. Humus soil can be cultivated by a little conditioning. River mud is the sediment soil of fish pond and lotus pond, which contains a lot of organic matter. After being dug out in autumn or winter, it can be used as soil for cultivation of aquatic flowers such as lotus and water lily after being dried and weathered in winter and mixed with half of yellow clay. The river mud is dried and repeatedly tamped. After one year, it can be prepared into culture soil. Mountain mud this soil commonly known as orchid soil, Zhejiang mountain production of natural humus soil, is accumulated for many years of deciduous decay, texture is relaxed, both breathable, drainage, but also water and fertilizer conservation, is a good potting soil, acidic, suitable for cultivation of acid-loving soil orchids, azaleas, camellia, etc., and can be used as tree stump bonsai cultivation soil. Guangdong pond mud is fertile pond mud in South China. It is the topsoil deposited at the bottom of fish pond for many years. It is gray and black in color, contains decomposed aquatic animal remains and excreta, rich in organic matter, sufficient nutrients and good drainage. Digging when the pond is dry in winter, drying, crushing and sieving for later use. Large grains can be placed in the bottom of the basin, because it is not easy to break, there is no problem of stagnant water. Neutral or slightly acidic.

38. What are acidic and alkaline soils? Soil pH is a term used to measure the amount of pH in soil. PH value is the symbol of the degree of acidity and alkalinity, and its corresponding value with acidity and alkalinity is shown below: PH value 3-4 5 6 7 8 9 10-11 indicates strong acid weak acid neutral weak alkaline strong alkaline soil pH value less than 7 for acidic soil, soil pH value greater than 7 for alkaline soil. All kinds of flowers and trees adapt to soil pH table: acid-resistant flowers and trees (pH4--5) azalea, cyclamen, gardenia, coleus, purple commelina, ferns, orchids and so on. Suitable for weak acid flowers (pH5- 6) fairy visitors, begonia, amaryllis, primrose, camellia, jasmine, Milan, pine needles, lily, gladiolus, palm, white peony, etc. Adapt to neutral slightly acid flowers (pH6- 7) chrysanthemum, asparagus, rose, narcissus, hyacinth, osmanthus, primrose, asparagus, poinsettia, fuchsia, water taro, clivia, purple magnolia, stem paste Begonia, etc. Suitable for neutral slightly alkaline flowers (pH7-8) rose, pink, geranium, cacti, winter jasmine, boxwood, nantianzhu, sweet pea, trifoliate plum, cypress and so on. 39. How to determine the acid and alkali of basin soil with simple method? The easiest way to determine pH is to buy some pH paper, litmus paper, and a standard color chart from a chemical store. When measuring, take a small spoonful of basin soil and put it in the bottom of a clean bowl. Add a small amount of distilled water to just cover the soil until the test, do not exceed. Then stir and clarify, that is, soil leaching solution. Dip a bamboo stick into a small piece of test paper, red is acidic, yellow is alkaline, the color displayed by the test paper can be compared with the standard colorimetric card, and find out the color card number similar to it, that is, the pH value of the pot soil.

Family Flower-Raising Practical Complete Book (Part II)

40. What role do the three elements of fertilizer play in potted flowers?

All kinds of mineral elements needed for plant growth and development are the most needed, and the most important ones are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Therefore, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are called the three elements of fertilizer. Their function is: nitrogen fertilizer is also called leaf fertilizer. It can make plants grow rapidly, with luxuriant branches and leaves and thick green leaves. Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied mainly in seedling stage and foliage flowers. The early stage of plant growth, that is, the vegetative growth period, can not be nitrogen deficiency. Generally, it is usually applied from spring to early summer, such as when the plant growth and development stops (after summer), and then continue to apply nitrogen fertilizer, which will make the stems and leaves grow too long, make it difficult for the plant to finally mature, and seriously affect flowering and fruit hanging. And the stems and leaves are weak and vulnerable to diseases and insect pests. Therefore, the application of nitrogen fertilizer should be stopped before the plant enters the reproductive growth stage (flower bud differentiation stage). Human feces and urine, bean cake, ammonium sulfate, urea and so on are all nitrogen fertilizers. Phosphate fertilizer is also called fruit fertilizer. It can promote flower bud differentiation and bud pregnancy, make flowers colorful and fragrant, good fruit quality, and promote plant growth. In the later stage of plant growth and development (reproductive growth period), application is the most effective. Therefore, before flowering, after hanging the fruit, more phosphate fertilizer can be applied. Plants have the ability to store phosphate fertilizer in the body, and can adjust the use according to the growth needs, so it can be fully applied in the base fertilizer at one time. There is a certain limit to the absorption capacity of phosphate fertilizer. Calcium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and phosphate rock powder are all phosphate fertilizer. Potash fertilizer is also called root fertilizer. It can make the stem and root grow strong, not easy to lodge, and enhance the ability of resistance to diseases and insect pests and cold tolerance. It is indispensable in the early stage of plant development, in the seedling stage, shoot stage and after seedling transplanting. More potash fertilizer can be applied. In the later stage of plant development, potash fertilizer contributes to the completion of photosynthesis and plays an important role in the production of water compounds, especially for bulb flowers which can store large amounts of carbohydrates. Therefore, potash fertilizer is indispensable in the whole process of plant growth. Potted flowers put indoors for a long time, due to lack of light, so that photosynthesis is weakened, a large number of potash fertilizer can be applied. Potash fertilizer will not cause fertilizer damage due to excessive application. Plant ash, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and so on are all potash fertilizer.

forty-one。 If the potted soil is short of fertilizer, what is the bad phenomenon of plant growth?

The pot soil is short of fertilizer, the plant is short and thin, the branches are few, the leaves are abnormal, and the growth is robust. Due to the lack of different fertilizer elements, the phenomenon of poor growth is also different: the basin soil is short of nitrogen, the leaves are small, the leaf color is light yellow, the lower leaves are first yellow, and then gradually develop to lose the green of the whole plant, and the lower leaves are more yellow than the upper leaves; the basin soil is phosphorus deficient, the leaves are curly, the leaf color is dark green, the lower leaf veins are yellowed, bronzed, less flowering, underdeveloped roots, slow bud germination. Due to potassium deficiency in the basin soil, the edge of the lower leaf appears brown, and from the tip to the lower leaf, the edge and middle of the leaf become green and white, and various color spots appear between the veins; the basin soil is iron deficient, and scorch brown spots dry up on both sides of the vein and inside the leaf edge, sometimes expanding to form a large area of drying, and only the larger veins remain green.

A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

forty-two。 There are three ways to fertilize potted flowers:

(1) it is very important to apply basal fertilizer to potted flowers. If the basal fertilizer is sufficient, topdressing can be reduced, or even special chemical fertilizer can be used as topdressing, because the pots will be changed after 2 years, which will not affect the quality of potted soil. Organic fertilizer made from rotten human dung, barnyard manure and broken bones, fish, poultry water, rotten vegetables and other domestic waste after full fermentation, which is suitable to be used as base fertilizer for potted flowers. The usage is to mix 10% to 30% of the cultured soil, keep it moist, often turn over, so that the fertilizer and soil are fully mixed, and use it after a winter or high temperature season for 3 months. According to different ingredients, the pots of different flowers can be put on, poured or changed with soil. Hoof horns and poultry hair can be used as base fertilizer and can be placed directly on the bottom of the pot when the flowers are on the pot. Oil meal fertilizers such as sesame sauce dregs, bean cakes and bone meal are used as base fertilizers in the same way as manure, and the amount of oil meal fertilizer mixed into the culture soil is 3% and 5%. Flowers and trees that do not change pots at that time can also open circular trenches along the edge of the basin or symmetrically open short ditches when they are dormant, apply some of the above-mentioned fermented organic fertilizer, and then cover with new culture soil, which can also be used instead of base fertilizer. Inorganic fertilizers (chemical fertilizers) such as phosphate fertilizers can use 0.5% calcium superphosphate and phosphate rock powder, 0.2% ammonium sulfate and 0.1% urea for nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.1% potassium sulfate and potassium chloride for potash fertilizer, which were mixed into the culture soil two weeks ago as base fertilizer. (2) applying topdressing in the growing season of flowers and trees, applying dilute liquid fertilizer to make up for the deficiency of base fertilizer is called topdressing. One part of fermented urine, bean cake water, fish intestine water, rice panning water, etc., is mixed with 10 murmur20 times water, or 0.1% Muthi 0.2% aqueous solution is prepared with urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate, applied 1-2 times a week, once every semimonthly after the beginning of autumn. Topdressing should be mastered: apply more nitrogen and potassium fertilizer during vegetative growth period, apply more phosphorus fertilizer during flower bud formation, loosen the soil one day before fertilization, and water the next morning after fertilization; apply after spring, but not after the Autumn Equinox; apply when budding, but not when budding; apply before rain, sunny day, but not after rain; apply when climate is dry, but not in mildew and rain season; apply when basin soil is dry, but not when basin soil is wet The climate is suitable for more application when the growth is exuberant, and not when the climate is hot and stagnant; new planting, overgrowth and dormancy are not applied; thin fertilizer is applied frequently, but thick fertilizer is not applied; chrysanthemum and jasmine that like fertilizer are applied from light to thick, barren five-needle pine and other pine and cypress, light rather than less; application before and after flowering, not in full bloom; application can be applied sooner or later, not at noon; strong seedlings can be applied more, but weak seedlings should be applied less; do not be too hungry or too full. No ripening, no dilution, no application. (3) external root topdressing is called extra-root topdressing by spraying chemical fertilizer solution above and below the leaves to supplement the deficiency of root fertilization. Due to the increase of fertilizer, the plant growth is robust, the branches are green, the flowers are numerous and colorful, and the disease resistance is also enhanced, but it can not replace soil fertilization. Can only use soluble urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other inorganic fertilizers, in low temperature, high temperature weather, sooner or later. The temperature is high and easy to dry, but it cannot be absorbed. The concentration is 0.1% Murray 0. 2% is not suitable, too light fertilizer efficiency is low, too thick and difficult to absorb.

forty-three。 What problems should be paid attention to when applying fertilizer to potted flowers?

The flower proverb says, "whether to live depends on water, and whether it is long depends on fat." Rational fertilization is one of the key problems in the maintenance of potted flowers. Proper fertilization, strong seedlings and luxuriant leaves, large flowers and fruits, improper fertilization, shrinking branches and leaves, weak plants, and even death. Family potted flower fertilization should pay attention to the following points: (1) fertilization according to different flowers and trees and turbid different growth periods. The flower proverb says: "clear orchid, turbid jasmine." It means that orchids like clear and light fat, and jasmine like thick fat. In general, flowers and trees prefer light fertilizer, while those who like thick and fat are few. Although jasmine likes to be thick and fat, it can be fat only in the summer, under the cooperation of sunshine and water. If you apply thick fertilizer as soon as you get out of the room, that's too bad. Although chrysanthemum likes big fertilizer, in the early growth stage, the application of too much nitrogen fertilizer will only grow, and it is difficult to form buds. Only in the process of forming buds, can the amount and concentration of fertilizer be gradually increased. Gardenia, rhododendron, camellia, jasmine and other acidic soil flowers and trees, can not apply ammonia water, sodium nitrate and other alkaline fertilizers. Bulb flowers and flowers and trees that need to be re-cut every year should be fertilized with more phosphorus and potash fertilizer. Overwintering fertilizer should be applied in the first half of the frost to improve cold resistance; budding fertilizer should be applied before sprouting in early spring to make buds enlarge and sprout quickly; when spring shoots will ripen, fertilizers should be applied to promote flower bud differentiation and full buds; thin nutritional fertilizer should be applied after flowering to restore tree potential and then blossom or hang fruit. In the full flowering stage and the early stage of fruit setting, fertilizer and water should be controlled, otherwise it is easy to drop flowers and fruits. Growing rapidly in seedling stage, applying more nitrogen and potassium fertilizer. More phosphate fertilizer should be applied before flowering and when budding. (2) loosen the soil before fertilization, so that fertilizer and water permeate quickly and are easily absorbed, and be careful not to let fertilizer and water fall on leaves and buds, thus affecting growth. Acid fertilizers such as human feces and urine, calcium superphosphate and ammonium carbonate should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as plant ash and ammonia, otherwise they will be neutralized and lose their fertilizer effect. Alkaline basin soil should choose acid fertilizer, acid basin soil should choose alkaline fertilizer. Fertilization must not be single, the combined application of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium can improve the fertilizer efficiency; the combined application of inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer can prolong the fertilizer efficiency, prevent the consolidation of basin soil, and improve the properties of basin soil, such as ventilation, water seepage, water conservation, fertilizer conservation and so on.

(3) when fertilizing on the balcony, we should pay attention to environmental hygiene, and at the same time, we should pay attention not to dirty the clothes dried on the balcony downstairs, and affect the neighborhood relations.

Practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two) 44. How to put the flower seedlings on the pot? Pots means that flowers begin to be cultivated in pots, also known as pots. The large seedlings of woody flowers are generally placed in the basin from the beginning of December to the end of March when the flowers and trees are dormant or just germinating, otherwise they will affect the normal growth and development and weaken the tree potential, so it will take a long time to rejuvenate. Concentrated cuttage propagation, after rooting and putting leaves, should divide the seedlings into pots in time. The new seedlings sown should be put on the pot when they grow up. In most perennial root flowers, they should be put on the pot at the beginning of budding. When the bare root seedlings are on the pot (the roots of the seedlings are without soil), the seedlings with delicate or damaged roots should be planted with plain sandy soil for a period of time, pay attention to windbreak in spring, shade when necessary in summer, and so on, after the root system is strong, and then pour the pot to plant with culture soil. Strong bare root seedlings or seedling roots with soil, as well as persistent root flowers on the pot, according to the seedling growth and habits, use the culture soil on the pot, and add some base fertilizer appropriately. Before putting on the pot, you should choose the appropriate flowerpot according to the size and growth speed of the seedling, and be careful not to put the seedling on the big pot. The use of the new basin should be thoroughly soaked with water first, and the old basin often has water stains and sundries, which should be washed clean. The basin hole is padded with tiles or blocked with weeds. For flowers that are afraid of waterlogging, according to the size of the flowerpot, the cushion at the bottom of the pot should be 4 cm thick, and the residue or coarse sand from the culture soil should be used as the drainage layer. Pottery and porcelain flowerpots should use broken tiles as the drainage layer, which is thicker than the tile pot. A layer of subsoil is laid on the drainage layer, and its thickness is determined according to the depth of the basin and the size of the plant. Stems and roots that are strong can be planted deeply, and stems and roots are fleshy and not too deep. There should be a nozzle in the upper part of the basin, and the depth of the nozzle should be filled with water at a time to permeate the bottom of the basin. Those with bare roots should pile the bottom soil into a mound in the center of the basin, straighten the seedlings with one hand, spread the roots evenly, fill the soil with the other hand, and gently lift the seedlings up as they are filled, so that the roots extend downward at an angle of 45 ℃. For flowers with longer roots, the seedlings can be rotated to make the roots curl evenly in the basin. After any flowers are put on the pot, the mound must be solid, so as not to make the soil under the pot solid or hollow. Compacted by hand pressing, it is easy to hurt the root. The soil used in the upper basin should be moist, that is, it should be clutched into a lump and dispersed as soon as it is rubbed. After putting on the basin, it is appropriate not to water temporarily in a place that takes shelter from wind and dampness, and the dry weather can spray water at any time to protect seedlings. Generally, it should be watered thoroughly after 48 hours in 4muri, which can not only prevent root rot and atrophy, but also promote the rapid growth and rejuvenation of new roots. After putting it in the shade for about 7 days, move it to a sunny place or under the shade shed according to the habits of the flowers and seedlings, and transfer to normal maintenance. Combined with the pot, the plant should be pruned, and the excessively long fibrous roots, diseased branches, overdense branches and leaves should be cut off. For excessively weak plants and flowers and trees that bloom on current year's branches, they can be cut off from 10 cm from the base of the stem to promote the growth and development of sprouting robust branches.

forty-five。 Why do potted flowers change pots? How to pour and change the basin?

After three years of cultivation of potted flowers and trees, the roots are covered with flowerpots, and the potted soil is depleted of nutrients. Due to long-term watering, the potted soil is alkalized, the soil is hardened, the air permeability is poor, and the water is not preserved. Even if topdressing is often applied, the flowers and trees will not grow well. At the same time, flowers and trees grow up, the original flowerpots have not adapted to the growth and development of flowers and trees, so it is necessary to pour the pots and change the pots. Pouring and changing pots is the regular work of growing flowers. It will not grow well if the potted flowers do not pour and change pots for many years. By pouring the pot and changing the pot, the size of the flowerpot can be commensurate with the seedlings and the nutritional conditions can be improved. Pour the pot, generally after a period of growth after the pot, transplant to a larger pot, or the original bare roots of plain sandy soil on the pot, moved to the culture soil for planting. When pouring the basin, the original soil block does not move, and there is no damage to the root and aboveground parts, so the time of pouring the basin is generally not limited by the season. When pouring the basin, the original basin soil should not be too wet and too dry. When the plant is out of the basin, hold the base of the plant with one index finger and the middle finger, and the palm is close to the soil surface; with the other hand, hold up the bottom of the basin and turn it over, gently take off the edge of the basin with the palm, and then remove the drainage layer at the bottom of the clod, and plant the outer fibrous root in a large basin.

Pot change refers to the cultivated potted flowers, which are carried out in combination with shaping and pruning before spring germination in order to keep the plant shape beautiful and grow vigorously for a long time. The pot change is generally carried out before spring germination, and can be changed after flowering in early spring, such as wax plum, camellia, plum blossom, Yingchun and so on. Jasmine, rose, mulberry, pomegranate and other fast-growing, flowering potted flowers should be changed every year, camellia, rhododendron, citrus, pines and cypresses and other slow-growing potted flowers can be changed once every 2-3 years. Do not water the basin a few days before changing the basin so that the soil is detached from the basin wall. Cut off the old soil of the original soil ball 1 stroke 3, and cut off some coiled roots and old roots. Potted flowers have been finalized, the original plant can be changed to the original pot, generally use a larger basin, after taking off the pot, the netted fibrous root and rotten root should be removed, some of the original soil should be removed and replaced with culture soil. Some flowers can be split in combination with changing pots.

A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two) 46. What if the root system of the plant grows full in the basin? When do potted foliage plants grow to change pots? It is necessary to observe whether the soil on the surface of the basin expands, or roots emerge from the hole at the bottom of the basin, which shows that the root system in the basin has grown full, so it is necessary to turn the basin and change the soil in time, otherwise the plant will weaken due to malnutrition or airtight. First of all, to remove the plant from the flowerpot, cut off the old and rotten roots, shake off some of the old soil on the root system, find a larger flowerpot, put a few small stones at the bottom of the pot, first fill in a small amount of new soil, put the plant into the pot, and then gradually add the new soil until it is filled and compacted. If you only want to change the soil and do not change the size of the flowerpot, you should shake off the old soil from the root system and cut off the old leaves. Only in this way can the water absorbed by the roots and evaporated by the leaves be kept in balance.

forty-seven。 Why are some grass flowers not suitable for transplanting?

The taproot flowers of grass flowers which are not suitable for transplanting have straight main roots and few lateral roots. after cutting off the main roots during transplanting, the lateral roots do not grow vigorously and the ability to absorb nutrients is reduced, so transplanting is not easy to survive or poor growth and development. For example, morning glory, Yu Mei, and Linnaeus fall into this category. This kind of grass is best cultivated by direct sowing. If transplanting is needed, it can be germinated in a small pot soon after sowing. When the seedlings grow up, they are removed from the pot and transplanted, so as not to damage the main root. Some grass flowers are not resistant to transplantation, such as violets, cinnamon, etc., can not be transplanted many times or bare root transplantation, as far as possible from the big block, can not be scattered.

forty-eight。 Why do some flowers and plants need to be transferred several times?

Cultivated grass flowers are usually raised in batches to beautify the environment or arrange flower beds, requiring neatness and beauty. But often to some grass flowers planted in the flower bed the survival rate is not high or the growth is very thin, can not achieve the ideal beautification effect. The main reason is that the measures of transplanting squatting seedlings are disadvantageous in the process of raising seedlings. Some herbaceous flowers, such as impatiens, chrysanthemum, zinnia, marigold, and so on, are easy to pull up and fall down. If you want to cultivate short, strong, neat, drought-resistant, and flood-resistant flowers, you have to move the seedlings several times to squat. When the sowing seedlings grow 2 true leaves, the seedlings should be divided into bare roots in time, with a row spacing of 10 cm, watered after planting, and then watered again after 3 days, and then when the topsoil is not sticky, the seedlings should be loosened and squatted in time. Squatting time depends on the weather, generally about a week, it is seen that the seedlings begin to water when they wilt at noon, and combined with fertilization, the seedlings grow obviously after fertilization, and water again. When the branches and leaves of the plant line have been matched, the seedlings are transferred and planted again. Cut off the main root when moving the seedling, promote the lateral root to proliferate, cut the tuo with a diameter of 8murmur10cm, water the seedling twice after planting, loosen the soil in time after each watering, and combine with fertilization when watering. From sowing to planting in the flower bed, the grass flowers, which have been transferred three times by 2muri, grow and thrive, and the planting is not wilting, neatly consistent. The planting of grass flowers raised in the family should not be too dense, and the seedling growth stage should also have a squatting process, and should often loosen the soil and fertilize in order to thrive. Cutting propagation of a bunch of red, chrysanthemum, etc., must also be cultivated as the method in order to raise the ideal flower seedlings. A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

forty-nine。 What are the tasks of pruning flowers and trees? Pruning is one of the important means to cultivate flowers and trees, all flowers and trees will lose their due ornamental value if they are allowed to grow naturally. Pruning can not only create a good plant shape, but also regulate the rational distribution and supply of nutrients in the body, prevent branches and leaves from growing, which is conducive to flower bud differentiation and bud pregnancy, and can create good ventilation and light transmission conditions to reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

fifty。 How to trim and reshape foliage plants? Some large foliage plants, such as rubber tree, Guanyin bamboo, cocoa coconut, tortoise back bamboo, goose palm wood and so on, are larger, if they are pruned frequently, they can promote plant growth and make them strong and beautiful. Topping can make the plant leaves dense, the plant shape symmetrical, prevent excessive growth; cut off the excess lateral buds, can make the plant upright and straight. Some smaller plants, such as cold water, bean green and aloe vera, need to be pruned to look beautiful and luxuriant. therefore, bad branches must be cut off before the new buds begin to grow in order to maintain a beautiful shape. In order not to let foliage plants grow arbitrarily and to determine an uncertain height, it is often necessary to cut off the terminal buds of stems or branches to inhibit growth and make them dwarf or clump. This is different from the general pruning principle of outdoor plants.

fifty-one。 Will long-term indoor flower cultivation affect health? Some people worry that the long-term indoor display of plants will affect human health, in fact, this is unfounded. Plants carry out photosynthesis during the day, giving off far more oxygen than they need to breathe. Although photosynthesis stops at night, its breathing is also very weak. Foliage plants, in particular, breathe more weakly than flowering plants (flowering plants breathe the most during budding and flowering) and require less oxygen. Some people have done such an experiment: through respiration, one molecule of oxygen can produce one molecule of carbon dioxide, while the amount of oxygen needed to light two matches is equivalent to the overnight respiration of two or three indoor plants. It can be seen that the carbon dioxide exhaled by ornamental plants is minimal. From this point of view, indoor plants have no effect on human health. On the contrary, many indoor ornamental plants are also good for people. For example, begonia, asparagus, Tianmen winter, etc., in addition to absorbing carbon dioxide gas, but also can separate germicidal substances, have the role of preventing colds, typhoid, laryngitis and other diseases. In addition, plants can also reduce indoor dust, clean the air and increase negative oxygen ions, so that people can live in a fresh and healthy environment. A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

fifty-two。 Why are most modern indoor ornamental plants dominated by foliage plants? People are inseparable from nature, in today's world, in high-rise cities, people can not have courtyard green space, can only use indoor plants to lead nature to their own room, and it is foliage plants that have an absolute advantage in indoor plants. A few pots of ornamental plants are placed in the bedroom, study or reception room, not only to add color to the family, but also to scan the green and colorful "works of art" cultivated in person after work or between "pen ploughing". You will feel tired and relaxed. Foliage plants have different shapes and colorful leaves, which can be evergreen all the year round, so they can be watched all the year round without being restricted by the seasons, especially in order to appreciate the posture and color of their leaves. Secondly, foliage plants are more shade-tolerant and prefer warm and humid environments. In terms of light and nutrients, foliage plants have much lower needs than flowers and fruit plants. Some flowering plants also have the characteristics of foliage plants, such as oleander, orchid, gentleman orchid, flaming crane, orchid, dwarf Jialan and so on. Foliage plants are mostly ideal materials for indoor greening and decoration. In China, foliage plants are still in the ascendant. Although they have occupied major hotels and restaurants, they have not been widely used in family rooms. It is believed that foliage plants will enter thousands of households in the near future.

fifty-three。 What kinds of foliage plants are suitable for family cultivation? Some plants win with their leaves rather than flowers. Their greatest feature is that they are not limited by the blooming and falling of flowers, and can be watched at any time throughout the year. Some of them are shaped, such as tortoise back bamboo, star anise gold plate, brown bamboo, asparagus, kidney fern and so on. There are also color watching, such as mahogany, red maple, red back cinnamon, purple duckweed and so on. There are also lush shapes and colors, such as colored leaf grass, purple goose down, evergreen flowers and leaves, and so on. There are not only flowers but also leaves of gentleman orchid, pearl orchid, four seasons arrows and so on. In the family room, put a few pots, do not have a beautiful novel fun. Here are several easy-to-grow species that are suitable for families:

fifty-four。 What are the flowers suitable for hanging pots? Hanging basin flowers are the decoration of balconies and interior landscaping. It can make full use of space and is most suitable for the environment with small balcony and bedroom area. Flowerpot hanging indoor, balcony outside, window, branches and leaves swaying with the wind, do not have some fun. The lifting basin device is made sure to be firm. The height of the hanging basin is based on the principle that it does not interfere with daily life. In addition to using nylon ropes, the chains of hanging lamps and lanterns are more beautiful. The maintenance of hanging basin flowers, in addition to referring to the maintenance of pot flowers, but also often change the direction of the hanging basin, so that different parts can accept the sun. The type of Xiyang can not be hung indoors for a long time. Flowers suitable for hanging pots should have soft, drooping branches or scape. For example, purple metatarsal grass, drooping potted grass, hanging bamboo plum, Saxifraga, etc., are all species that are easy to cultivate. The latter three are introduced as follows: the practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two)

fifty-five。 What are the characteristics of climbing plants? Is it suitable for family cultivation? In the wonderful nature, plants come in a variety of shapes. The stems of some plants are soft and can not stand upright and need to be wound or attached to other things to grow upward, so they are called climbers. All kinds of climbing plants, according to the way of climbing, can be divided into: (1) winding climbing, such as morning glory, pineapple, Polygonum multiflorum, honeysuckle, wisteria, etc., can be wound on other things to climb upward growth. (2) attached climbing species, such as grapes and towel gourd climbing by tendrils, climbing tigers by suckers, American cotton, Lingxiao, ivy, etc.

fifty-six。 How to buy foliage plants? The selection and purchase of foliage plants should be combined with the actual situation and requirements of the exhibition room, hall and bedroom, such as the size, light, temperature and the effect of decoration. At the beginning of cultivation, you should choose varieties that are easy to cultivate, and then choose those varieties that are more difficult to raise after you have accumulated rich experience. For example, cold water flowers and red-edged plantains can quickly adapt to the environment and are easy to grow well, while plants such as taro and bamboo taro should be extra careful. When you go to the market to buy, you should choose plants with bright leaves, rich luster, no yellow leaves and disease spots. Also look at the bottom hole of the basin and choose the hole that does not need to be pierced by the root. In addition, the plant shape is neat and beautiful, the growth is exuberant, and it is better if there are no overgrown branches. On the way home, cover the newly bought plants with plastic bags to prevent wind or damage. Due to the bumpy road, the shaking of the plant will cause the roots to loosen. After going home, the plant should be placed in a wet zone where there is no strong light and good ventilation, keep the basin soil moist to make it root, and then put it in the position after a few days, which is called slow seedling treatment. After slow seedling treatment, the plant can adapt to the indoor growth environment and begin to grow.

fifty-seven。 How to choose flowerpots?

Potted flowers and trees, the material and volume of flowerpots have a great impact on the growth of flowers and trees, so the reasonable selection of flowerpots is very important. The ideal flowerpot should have: light material, easy to carry; durable, not easy to break; color, shape, thickness, size can be suitable for the growth of flowers and trees, and there should be a variety of specifications and models; low price and other conditions.

A practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part two) 58. What safety problems should be paid attention to when installing balcony flower racks? The balcony flower rack is generally installed on the balcony railing, in order to make use of the space, it is extended to the outside of the balcony, so only the side that is shelved on the balcony railing is the focal point, while the other side that stretches out the balcony is hung with lead wire. For safety, it is best to extend the outside of the balcony under the flower rack, and then support, so that it is more solid, safe and reliable. The flower rack protrudes from the three sides outside the balcony, using steel bars or boards to make a barrier about 15 centimeters high to prevent the flowerpot from falling. Some flower racks on the balcony do not do this barrier, when drying clothes on the balcony or doing other housework activities, it is easy to knock off the flowerpot and hurt people, which must attract the attention of the balcony florists.

fifty-nine。 How to set up a shade when growing flowers on the balcony?

Growing flowers also needs to be set up in a shade. The balcony area is small, such as raising a small number of strongly positive flowers such as crape myrtle, jasmine, peach blossom, citrus, pulpy and 2012 grass flowers, or you can avoid setting up a shade shed. If you want to raise some shade flowers at the same time, you need a shade; and in the hot summer, some sunny flowers such as wax plum, sweet-scented osmanthus, gardenia, and mulberry should also be properly shaded; there are also some sunny flowers, such as rose and cactus, which also need shade at noon. The shade canopy can be installed near the window of the balcony. Install a flower rack at the bottom of the window, although there are not many potted flowers. However, the planting and maintenance operation is very convenient, and the shade shed can also play the role of sunshade curtains for indoor heat prevention and cooling. If set up a shadow shed on the balcony flower rack, it will hinder drying clothes and quilts on the balcony, and it will also affect other housework activities on the balcony. For this reason, the shade shed should be installed on the window next to the balcony. In this way, positive flowers are raised on the balcony flower shelf, and negative flowers are raised under the window shade shed, which do not interfere with each other. The shade shed does not need to be covered with special materials such as bamboo and Reed poles, but can be done with shelves planted with climbing flowers and trees, which not only plays a role in shade sheds, but also beautifies balconies and windows. The balcony shade canopy cannot be too high, except the shade shed on the window must be installed according to the window height, the shade shed on the flower rack should be less than 1.2 meters. Balcony potted flowers are controlled at about 80 cm, too high to block the wind, not easy to erect, too low maintenance operation is not convenient. In addition to shading at the top of the shade, shade should also be taken into account on the west side, but ventilation should also be considered. It is better to plant small vines and climbing plants with smaller leaves in the shade shed, because the area of the shade is small, so honeysuckle and wood incense are the most ideal. Although Lingxiao is a big vine, its leaves are smaller and the gap of sunlight penetration is also small, so its shading effect is better than that of grapes with large leaves. If you want to make a higher degree of shade, you can also plant some herbaceous climbing plants, such as pineapple, morning glory, lentils, etc., the beautification effect is better.

sixty。 Where should the large foliage plants be put indoors?

Those with a growth of more than 1.2 meters are generally called large foliage plants, and most of them are woody. Common large-scale foliage plants are: cycad, southern sequoia, rubber tree, tortoise back bamboo, southern bamboo, variable leaf wood, star anise gold plate, oleander, brown bamboo, Zhu banana, dragon blood tree, green apple made into totem pole, ivy and so on. The plants of these plants are chic and unrestrained, full of boldness, and have a wide range of decoration, so they are suitable to be placed in a larger bedroom. Small room, not suitable to use large plants to layout, because in this way, not only plants occupy a lot of space, but there is no decorative effect, so that the room appears to be more crowded. Large foliage plants, placed on the ground, or next to a writing desk, or a corner of a wall, or the corner of a sofa, when placed, it is best to put a more beautiful basin on the outside of the tile basin, such as porcelain basin, ceramic basin or plastic basin, or even glass steel basin. The color of the basin should be in harmony with the furniture in the room. Of course, when placing these foliage plants, we must pay attention to meeting their ecological conditions. If the indoor does not have the conditions for the growth of plants, but for some happy event or the need to entertain guests, but also to render, creating an elegant and comfortable environment, then the display of these large plants had better be limited to a day or two, and then evacuated. Many flower management units have the business of renting flowers, and they are both economical and affordable for many customers to go out and rent flowers.

Recommended Reading: a practical Collection of Family Flower cultivation (part I)