The cultivation of orchids in Yunnan should pay attention to four aspects to make it grow more beautiful and flourish.

In China, more than a thousand species of orchids have been recorded, of which more than 680 are native to Yunnan, accounting for more than 60% of the total. This is because Yunnan's unique climate and environment are very suitable for the growth of orchids. Yunnan orchids are famous both at home and abroad. Some of these rare varieties can be sold for hundreds of thousands of yuan on the market.

People who love orchids are proud to have a pot of Yunnan orchids, but most of us are not professional flower breeding experts. Ailan depends on a simple love. The reason why Yunnan orchids grow so beautiful and vigorous has a lot to do with the local climate and the care of horticulturists. After ordinary people buy orchids back, if they are not properly maintained, they will not only make their beloved orchids grow uglier and uglier, but may even make them "die".

What should be paid attention to in the breeding of orchids in Yunnan? The following is to talk with Ailan people about the four basic points for attention in Yunnan orchid culture.

First, the soil for growing orchids.

Yunnan orchids like acid and alkali, so they should be planted in acidic soil instead of alkaline ones. It can be mixed with horticultural soil and rotten leaves in proportion and used only after complete fermentation. There is a special orchid cultivation soil on the market, and friends who are afraid of trouble can buy and use it directly.

Second, the ambient temperature of the orchid.

Yunnan orchids like a warm climate, and the temperature for proper growth is between 15 and 25 degrees. In the cold winter, the bearable low temperature is minus 5-8 degrees, but by this time it has basically stopped growing and entered the dormant period. Therefore, in order to prevent frost injury, being able to maintain at 3-8 degrees can improve the safe overwintering coefficient. You can put it on the balcony or in the open air in spring, summer and autumn, but move it to the greenhouse in time in winter to prevent the basin soil from freezing.

Third, the soil moisture in the orchid pot.

Many people find it difficult to raise orchids because of the problem of watering. Many orchids are artificially "drowned". Because the orchid is a scaly rhizome, it can store a lot of water, so it can not stand the soil with high humidity for a long time. If the basin soil continues to be too wet and the basin bottom is well drained, this situation exceeds the tolerance of the orchid, there will be rotten roots, resulting in the yellow leaves of the orchid to the death of the whole plant.

But there are also a small number of people know that the orchid is afraid of waterlogging, in order not to let it "wet to death", they do not water it for a long time, as a result, the orchid is "thirsty to death"!

Therefore, the key to raising orchids is to maintain the moisture of the soil, and proper drying and wetting is the "secret" of growing orchids. Too dry and too wet are not conducive to the growth of orchids, so it is better to be wet.

The water requirement of orchids varies at different stages of growth. Each variety needs more water during the vigorous growth period. During the period of suspension of growth, watering should be controlled, as long as the soil is kept a little wet.

In winter, it is necessary to spray water with a temperature similar to that of the environment, not too cold. In the continuous rainy season, let the orchid avoid the continuous rain.

Fourth, the illuminance of the place where the orchid pot is placed.

Most orchids are afraid of bright light. Orchids like a semi-overcast environment, so they need to give it shade in spring, summer and autumn. The orchid potted plant of the family can be placed on the windowsill and balcony where there is no direct sunlight. If you have to put it in the sun, set bamboo curtains and other things to shade it from 9: 00 a.m. to 6: 00 p.m. Expose it to the sun after six o'clock in the afternoon.

The degree of sunshine can be increased accordingly in winter. Among the shade-tolerant varieties of orchids, Cymbidium is the strongest, followed by Jian Orchid, Cymbidium and Chunlan.

How to cultivate Jian Orchid

Jianlan means that the main flower takes root in the middle of summer and golden autumn in China. Its flowers are light yellowish green and fragrant. Different from other kinds of orchids, it has a longer flowering period and can blossom many times, so it is also known as Sijilan. The botanical circle is named after its main producing area, Fujian. Among the people, some varieties of flowers are called Xialan in the middle of summer, some are called Xiahui because of their many flowers, and some of them are called Qiulan or Qiuhui because of their main flowers in golden autumn. Do you want to know the farming method of Jianlan?

First, how to raise Jianlan

According to the culture method of Jian Orchid, only 1-2 clumps of plants can be planted in the middle of the pot. those with multiple clumps of potted plants should face the old plants in the pot and the new plants towards the edge of the pot, so as to improve the germination rate and growth and development space of the new plants. When planting, put the thickest plant material into the basin up to 15% of the height of the pot. After putting into the orchid plant, spread the root group evenly and beware of the broken orchid root. Slowly fill in the fine plant until 95% of the pot height, shake, so that the fine plant is closely combined with the orchid root, the height of the fine plant in the orchid basin is about 90%, so that for watering, the orchid plant base (false bulb) is semi-exposed on the basin surface, giving it a better chance to get natural light and fresh air.

The growth of Jian Lan is suitable for the annual average temperature of 15-23 ℃. The temperature is hot in summer. 70-80% plastic shading net is used to cool down. For the high temperature caused by excessive light, it should be taken to increase the level and density of shading to cool down. Summer and autumn season has strong light, muggy air, high temperature, should open doors and windows, let orchid air thoroughly convection, promote cooling. Sprinkle water to the passageway and orchid shelf and spray water to the indoor space, which can also promote cooling.

Jian Lan's breeding method, fertilization adopts "according to orchid conditions, look at the seedling fertilizer, rather light than thick, timely thin application". That is, according to the orchid species, seedling potential, physiological characteristics, grasp the opportunity. Dry fertilizer: beef bone powder, plant ash, cake fertilizer and burning soil mixed fertilizer are used alternately with compound fertilizer not less than 4 times a year in the basin. Liquid fertilizer uses rotten organic matter fertilizer to filter dilute solution, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or special flower fertilizer alternately as topdressing or extra-root fertilization, generally every 15 days, spraying leaves with clear water before and after spraying outside the root, flushing dust and liquid residue.

The cultivation of Jianlan should keep the soil moist, but not too much watering. There must be no stagnant water at the roots. Spray more water on the leaves in summer. Fertilizing once every half month during the growing period, the fertilizer liquid must not defile the leaves. High temperature and strong light in midsummer, set up shading facilities, strictly prevent heavy rain, indoor maintenance in winter to avoid frostbite leaves.

2. Culture methods of Jian Lan

Soil: in order to restrain the occurrence of orchid diseases, we should not only properly control the drying and humidity of the basin soil, but also use more mud pots and less glaze pots in the selection of flowerpots.

Fertilization: orchid fertilization depends on the growth of orchids. Those with luxuriant growth and no disease can be fertilized, while those with poor growth can not be fertilized or a small amount of fertilizer can be applied to distinguish whether orchids need to be fertilized. a simpler way is to look at the depth of leaf color. The leaf is yellow and thin is lack of fertilizer, should be topdressing; the leaf is black and the leaf tip is scorched is too much fertilizer, should stop fertilization.

Illumination: orchids are mostly semi-negative plants, and most species are afraid of direct sunlight and need proper shade. Orchids can shine more sunshine to promote their growth in the first and middle of April. It should be properly shaded after late April. The varieties of erect leaves in Xialan and Qiulan had better be placed in the south of the shade to make them receive more sun.

Watering: the principle of Jian Lan watering should be "dry, wet, stop, properly dry". In summer and autumn, watering after sunset is appropriate to dry the leaves of orchids before nightfall, or in the early morning; in winter and spring, it is better to water before and after sunrise. Do not suddenly irrigate with cold water after the sun, so as not to reduce the soil temperature, affect the water absorption of the root system and interfere with the physiological balance. The amount of water should not be too large in order to restrain the occurrence of diseases.

Pruning: keep pruning in orchid culture. When the old leaves are withered and yellow, they should be cut off in time to facilitate ventilation, and the withered tips of some leaves should also be cut off. In particular, the leaves damaged by diseases and insect pests need to be removed in time to avoid infection.

Pest control: Jian Lan is often harmed by anthracnose, black spot and shell insects during its growth. The diseases were sprayed with 500x of carbendazim wettable powder and the pests were sprayed with 1500 times of omethoate EC.

III. A brief introduction to Jianlan

Distribution of origin: abroad is widely distributed in Southeast Asia and South Asia, as far as Japan; in China, it is mainly distributed in Taiwan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other provinces.

Growth environment: born under sparse forests, shrubs, valleys or grasses, widely cultivated all over the country, with many varieties and types.

Morphological characteristics: perennial herbs. Leaves 2-6 clustered, band-shaped, soft, curved and drooping, 30-50 (- 80) cm long and 1-1.7 cm wide, thinly leathery, slightly glossy, tip acuminate, margin with obtuse teeth. Scape erect, shorter than leaves, 20-35 cm tall, usually with 4-7 flowers, up to 13 flowers; floral bracts in the middle and upper part of the inflorescence axis less than 1 cm, the lowest 1 to 1.5 cm; flowers bloom from July to September; the flowers are light yellowish green and fragrant.

Jianlan is distributed in the subtropics and is often longer than the forest edge and other areas with plenty of light. Therefore, it likes no extreme heat in summer and autumn and no sub-zero cold growth environment in winter.

IV. The function of Jianlan

1. Beautify the environment: Jianlan plants are vigorous and vigorous, placed in forests, gardens or halls, with luxuriant flowers and leaves and great verve. Several seedlings can also be planted with large high-waisted tube pots, which are green for a long time and are very elegant. The flowers bloom in midsummer, and the cool breeze sends orchid fragrance, which makes people feel more quiet. Is the balcony, the living room, the flower rack and the small courtyard step display good product, appears fresh and childish.

2. Medicinal use: Jian Lan is not only of good ornamental value, but also can be used as medicine. Jian Lan Root has good qi, blood, dampness, detumescence effect, treatment of cough and hematemesis, intestinal wind, blood avalanche, gonorrhea, white turbidity, leucorrhea, fall injury, carbuncle swelling; Jian Lan leaf rational qi, wide medium, clear eye effect, treatment of chronic cough, chest tightness, diarrhea, blindness cataract.

Finally, the cultivation history of Jian Lan is the longest and enduring. Marshal Zhu de once praised and said, "Jianlan is vigorous, vigorous, elegant and heroic." Call on everyone to breed and popularize well. That's all for today's introduction to the breeding methods of Jianlan. Thank you for your appreciation.

How to raise Jian orchid and the method of building orchid culture

Jianlan refers to the orchid which takes root in the middle of summer and golden autumn in China. Its flowers are light yellowish green and fragrant. Different from other kinds of orchids, it has a longer flowering period and can blossom many times, so it is also known as Sijilan. The botanical circle is named after its main producing area, Fujian. Among the people, some varieties of flowers are called Xialan in the middle of summer, some are called Xiahui because of their many flowers, and some of them are called Qiulan or Qiuhui because of their main flowers in golden autumn. Do you want to know the farming method of Jianlan?

Know how to raise Jianlan.

In the culture method of Jianlan, only 1-2 clumps of plants can be planted in the middle of the pot. if the plants are planted in many clusters, the old plants of each clump should be oriented toward the pot and the new plants towards the edge of the pot, so as to improve the germination rate and growth and development space of the new plants. When planting, put the thickest plant material into the basin up to 15% of the height of the pot. After putting into the orchid plant, spread the root group evenly and beware of the broken orchid root. Slowly fill in the fine plant until 95% of the pot height, shake, so that the fine plant is closely combined with the orchid root, the height of the fine plant in the orchid basin is about 90%, so that for watering, the orchid plant base (false bulb) is semi-exposed on the basin surface, giving it a better chance to get natural light and fresh air.

The growth of Jian Lan is suitable for the annual average temperature of 15-23 ℃. The temperature is hot in summer. 70-80% plastic shading net is used to cool down. For the high temperature caused by excessive light, it should be taken to increase the level and density of shading to cool down. Summer and autumn season has strong light, muggy air, high temperature, should open doors and windows, let orchid air thoroughly convection, promote cooling. Sprinkle water to the passageway and orchid shelf and spray water to the indoor space, which can also promote cooling.

Jian Lan's breeding method, fertilization adopts "according to orchid conditions, look at the seedling fertilizer, rather light than thick, timely thin application". That is, according to the orchid species, seedling potential, physiological characteristics, grasp the opportunity. Dry fertilizer: beef bone powder, plant ash, cake fertilizer and burning soil mixed fertilizer are used alternately with compound fertilizer not less than 4 times a year in the basin. Liquid fertilizer uses rotten organic matter fertilizer to filter dilute solution, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or special flower fertilizer alternately as topdressing or extra-root fertilization, generally every 15 days, spraying leaves with clear water before and after spraying outside the root, flushing dust and liquid residue.

The cultivation of Jianlan should keep the soil moist, but not too much watering. There must be no stagnant water at the roots. Spray more water on the leaves in summer. Fertilizing once every half month during the growing period, the fertilizer liquid must not defile the leaves. High temperature and strong light in midsummer, set up shading facilities, strictly prevent heavy rain, indoor maintenance in winter to avoid frostbite leaves.

The Culture method of Jian Lan

1. Soil: in order to restrain the occurrence of orchid diseases, we should not only properly control the drying and humidity of the basin soil, but also use more mud pots and less glazed pots in the selection of flowerpots.

2. Fertilization: the fertilization of orchids depends on the growth of orchids. Those with luxuriant growth and no disease can be fertilized, while those with poor growth can not be fertilized or a small amount of fertilizer can be applied to distinguish whether orchids need to be fertilized. a simpler way is to look at the depth of leaf color. The leaf is yellow and thin is lack of fertilizer, should be topdressing; the leaf is black and the leaf tip is scorched is too much fertilizer, should stop fertilization.

3. Illumination: orchids are mostly semi-negative plants, and most species are afraid of direct sunlight and need proper shade. Orchids can shine more sunshine to promote their growth in the first and middle of April. It should be properly shaded after late April. The varieties of erect leaves in Xialan and Qiulan had better be placed in the south of the shade to make them receive more sun.

4. Watering: the principle of Jian Lan watering should be "dry, wet and dry". In summer and autumn, watering after sunset is appropriate to dry the leaves of orchids before nightfall, or in the early morning; in winter and spring, it is better to water before and after sunrise. Do not suddenly irrigate with cold water after the sun, so as not to reduce the soil temperature, affect the water absorption of the root system and interfere with the physiological balance. The amount of water should not be too large in order to restrain the occurrence of diseases.

5. Pruning: continuous pruning should be carried out in orchid culture. When the old leaves are withered and yellow, they should be cut off in time to facilitate ventilation, and the withered tips of some leaves should also be cut off. In particular, the leaves damaged by diseases and insect pests need to be removed in time to avoid infection.

Pest control: Jian Lan is often harmed by anthracnose, black spot and shell insects during its growth. The diseases were sprayed with 500x of carbendazim wettable powder and the pests were sprayed with 1500 times of omethoate EC.

Brief introduction of Jianlan

1. Distribution of origin: abroad is widely distributed in Southeast Asia and South Asia, as far as Japan; in China, it is mainly distributed in Taiwan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other provinces and regions.

2. Growth environment: born under sparse forests, shrubs, valleys or grasses, widely cultivated all over the country, with many varieties and types.

3. Morphological characteristics: perennial herbs. Leaves 2-6 clustered, band-shaped, soft, curved and drooping, 30-50 (- 80) cm long and 1-1.7 cm wide, thinly leathery, slightly glossy, tip acuminate, margin with obtuse teeth. Scape erect, shorter than leaves, 20-35 cm tall, usually with 4-7 flowers, up to 13 flowers; floral bracts in the middle and upper part of the inflorescence axis less than 1 cm, the lowest 1 to 1.5 cm; flowers bloom from July to September; the flowers are light yellowish green and fragrant.

Jianlan is distributed in the subtropics and is often longer than the forest edge and other areas with plenty of light. Therefore, it likes no extreme heat in summer and autumn and no sub-zero cold growth environment in winter.

Jian Lan value

1. Beautify the environment: Jianlan plants are vigorous and vigorous, placed in forests, gardens or halls, with luxuriant flowers and leaves and great verve. Several seedlings can also be planted with large high-waisted tube pots, which are green for a long time and are very elegant. The flowers bloom in midsummer, and the cool breeze sends orchid fragrance, which makes people feel more quiet. Is the balcony, the living room, the flower rack and the small courtyard step display good product, appears fresh and childish.

2. Medicinal use: Jian Lan is not only of good ornamental value, but also can be used as medicine. Jian Lan Root has good qi, blood, dampness, detumescence effect, treatment of cough and hematemesis, intestinal wind, blood avalanche, gonorrhea, white turbidity, leucorrhea, fall injury, carbuncle swelling; Jian Lan leaf rational qi, wide medium, clear eye effect, treatment of chronic cough, chest tightness, diarrhea, blindness cataract.

Finally, the cultivation history of Jian Lan is the longest and enduring. Marshal Zhu de once praised and said, "Jianlan is vigorous, vigorous, elegant and heroic." Call on everyone to breed and popularize well.