What happened to the sunflower empty chaff?

Sunflower is a kind of common flower in our daily life, and its seed is the melon seed we often eat. The market demand for sunflowers is very large, so the planting area is also expanding, but more and more sunflowers are being planted, and some problems have gradually emerged. Among them, empty chaff is one kind, which will seriously reduce the yield of sunflowers. So what about the sunflower empty chaff? How to prevent and cure it? Let's take a look at it.

1. Moisture

Reason: sunflowers have strong cold resistance, but they need a lot of water during the disk growth period. if there is a lack of water at this stage, it will lead to an increase in the rate of empty grain and a decrease in yield. The lack of water during production and the lack of timely watering are the main reasons for the empty chaff of sunflowers.

Prevention and control: we should strengthen the water management of sunflower planting, observe the growth of sunflower, and water in time when the soil is too dry. And in the disk growth period, it is necessary to increase the frequency of watering to avoid drought affecting disk growth.

2. Temperature

Reason: sunflowers do not require much temperature, just keep the temperature above 4 degrees when the seeds germinate, and adjust the temperature to about 9 degrees when emerging. However, most of the time it is due to improper temperature management of growers, resulting in seeds after sowing can not adapt, germination and emergence is blocked, affecting the coordinated growth of sunflower reproduction and nutrition, resulting in empty chaff.

Prevention and control: we still have to adjust the surrounding temperature in the process of planting, and try to control the temperature at 8-10 degrees after sowing to promote the seed to take root and emerge. After germination, the temperature should be adjusted to about 30 degrees, and the temperature should not exceed 44 degrees or less than 4 degrees during the whole growth period, otherwise the growth will be seriously affected.

3. Lighting

Reason: we all know that sunflowers like the sun very much, and the leaves and discs of sunflowers have a very strong phototropism. If the light is insufficient, the growth of seedlings is blocked, the development of stems and leaves is lack of nutrition, the rate of flowering and pollination is reduced, and the fruit is insufficient. As a result, the grain of sunflower is not full enough and the rate of empty grain is greatly increased.

Control: sunflower plants will move slowly with the growth of the sun during the growth period, so we should ensure that there is enough light. In case of sudden weather changes, the lights should be turned on in time to make up the light artificially to avoid losing the growth direction of sunflowers and affecting the seed setting rate.

4. Density

Reason: the planting density of sunflower has a lot to do with the variety, and the plant of the oil type is relatively short, although it can be planted in close density. However, if you blindly expand the planting density, the sunflower population structure is chaotic, competing with each other for water, nutrients and light. Resulting in insufficient utilization of light energy and increasing the empty grain rate of sunflowers, not only the yield is insufficient, but also the quality will be greatly affected.

Prevention and control: when we plant, we must control the planting density according to the variety, environment, soil fertility and other aspects to avoid planting too dense, resulting in mutual influence between sunflower plants. It is necessary to create a good growth environment for the growth of sunflowers, reduce the empty grain rate of sunflowers and increase the yield.

Sunflower is a kind of cross-pollinated crop, the success rate of natural pollination is low, and it will also lead to sunflower empty chaff. Therefore, during the period of sunflower pollination, we should use artificial pollination or insect pollination to improve the rate of pollination and reduce the rate of empty grain. Of course, nutrition and continuous cropping are the main causes of sunflower empty chaff, and they are all things that we need to pay attention to in the planting process. Only by reducing the empty grain rate can we ensure high and high yields and expand our own planting benefits.