Maintenance method of rhododendron plum

1. Selection of potted soil.

Rhododendron plum can be cultivated outdoors on the ground, or can be watched in pots. When potted culture, you should choose a suitable flowerpot according to the size of the rhododendron plant. Put a filter layer of broken tiles on the bottom of the pot before filling, and then fill it with soil composed of garden soil, coarse sand, slag or rotten leaf soil. at the same time, some rotten organic fertilizer can be added to the soil.

2. Sunshine and temperature.

White cuckoo plum likes sunshine and can also grow in shady places. it has strong adaptability to the environment and can resist cold and drought. The suitable growth temperature is 16 to 28 degrees. When the temperature exceeds 30 degrees in summer, it is best to move to a shady place to avoid exposure to the sun.

3. Watering and fertilizing.

Rhododendron plum has a great demand for water and fertilizer in the process of growth. in order to keep the basin soil moist, watering should be timely according to the situation, and the growing period needs to be watered once or twice a month. In the process of growth, fertilizer should be adjusted according to the needs of growth, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied when flowering, and fertilization should be applied once during the winter to ensure the winter.

Culture methods and points for attention of rhododendron plum Chinese scientific name white cuckoo plum

Latin name Exochordaracemosa (Lindl.) Rehd.

Also known as white silk plum, golden melon and fruit, cocoon flower

Binomial Exochordaracemosa

The plant kingdom.

Phylum angiosperm

Subphylum spermatophyta

Dicotyledonous class

Subclass primitive perianth subclass

Mu Qiang Wei Mu

Suborder Rosa

Family Rosaceae

Subfamily Spiraea subfamily

White cuckoo plum

Plant rhododendron plum

Distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hubei and other provinces of China

Subboundary embryonic plant subboundary

Rhododendron plum (scientific name: Exochorda racemosa) is a species of rhododendron plum of Rosaceae. Produced in Henan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Born in shady hillside, 250-500 meters above sea level.

1. Name

White rhododendron plum (Chinese tree taxonomy) total flower rhododendron plum (economic plant manual), cocoon flower (seed plant manual in southern Jiangsu), Jiuhuotou (Anhui local name), golden melon and fruit (Zhejiang local name)

2. Morphological characteristics.

Deciduous shrubs, up to 3-5 m tall, branches weakly spreading; branchlets Terete, slightly angled, glabrous, reddish brown when young, brown when old; winter buds triangular-ovate, apex obtuse, smooth glabrous, dark purplish red. Leaf blade elliptic, long elliptic to oblong-Obovate, 3.5-6.5 cm long and 1.5-3.5 cm wide, apex obtuse or acute-sparsely cuneate, entire, obtusely serrate above sparse middle, upper and lower surfaces glabrous; petiole short, 5-15 mm long, or subsessile; stipules absent.

Terminal raceme, with 6-10 flowers, glabrous; bracts small, broadly lanceolate; flowers 2.5-3.5 cm in diam.; calyx tube shallowly campanulate, glabrous; sepals broadly triangular, ca. 2 mm, apex acute or obtuse, margin acutely serrulate, glabrous, yellowish green; petals 5, Obovate, ca. 1.5 cm long, ca. 1 cm wide, apex obtuse, base with short claws, white Stamens 15-20. 3-4 inserted in a bunch at the edge of disk, opposite to petals; carpels 5, style separated.

Capsule with 5 ridges, pedicel 3-8 mm long, seeds winged. Flowering in May and fruiting in June-August.

3. Growth habits

Like light, but also resistant to semi-shade, strong adaptability, resistant to drought and barren soil, have a certain degree of cold tolerance, can be cultivated in open field in Beijing.

4. Habitat distribution

Born in shady hillside, 250-500 meters above sea level.

Produced in Henan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Born in shady hillside, 250-500 meters above sea level.

5. Cultivation techniques.

The main results are as follows: (1) White cuckoo plum is light-loving, drought-tolerant, slightly shade-tolerant, lax on soil quality, and can grow in both acidic soil and neutral soil.

(2) it can be propagated by sowing, plant division, cutting and tissue culture. Sowing, dividing plants and cutting were more carried out than in spring.

6. Main value

Beautiful branches and leaves, white spring blossoms, is a beautiful ornamental tree species. Root bark, bark: for lumbar pain.

[edible development] these two kinds of rhododendron plum have large and beautiful flowers, and they are both ornamental and edible woody plants. Its buds and tender leaves are edible, which has a long history in our country.

White cuckoo plum trees are beautiful, with many large flowers, as white as snow, and beautiful. It is an excellent tree species to beautify the garden. Its flowers and tender leaves are also extremely rich in high-quality food raw materials. According to the literature reports such as "Chinese Wild vegetable Map", it contains a variety of vitamins and nutrients such as calcium, iron and zinc, which is lower than that of many common vegetables. It can be seen that there is a scientific basis for folk consumption of this substance in our country.

Like many edible woody plants, white cuckoo plums are eaten in many ways. Folks generally pick their tender leaves and buds from April to May, which can be eaten fresh or dried after blanching in water for a rainy day.

Its tender leaves and buds can be fried, soups and seasoned salads; as ingredients, a variety of vegetarian dishes are cooked, all of which are fragrant and delicious. Buds are used to steam flower cakes, and making snacks is especially popular.

Its dried products can be used for stewing meat, steaming fish, cooking soup, making stuffing and so on.

[health function] Modern research shows that fresh white cuckoo plum leaves contain 6.9 milligrams of carotene and vitamins per 100 grams.

B2 is 0.35 mg, vitamin C 271 mg and other nutrients.

Each gram of dry product contains 9.8 mg of potassium, 10.3 mg of calcium, 3.14 mg of magnesium, 1.5 mg of phosphorus, 0.48 mg of sodium and iron.

154 micrograms, 127 micrograms of manganese, 22 micrograms of zinc, 10 micrograms of copper and other nutrients.

Per 100 grams of fresh flowers contain carotene 2.1 mg, vitamin B2 0.35 mg, vitamin C92 mg and

Its nutrients.

Therefore, it has a variety of health functions, such as beneficial to the liver and eyesight, improving human immunity, anti-oxidation and so on.

White cuckoo plum

The rhododendron plum has beautiful posture, bright and clean leaves, and is as white as snow when it blossoms. It is a good ornamental tree. It is suitable to be decorated in lawns, pavilions, forest edges, roadsides, rockery and courtyard corners. Old trees and ancient stumps are also the material for making bonsai stumps. Before blooming, pick the buds with tender shoots, scald them with boiling water and dry them to make vegetables.

Name: White cuckoo plum

White cuckoo plum

Scientific name: Exochorda racemosa

English name: Common Pearlbush

Aliases: White silk plum, golden melon and fruit, cocoon flower

Family name: Rosaceae

Genus name: Rhododendron

Land: produced in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hubei and other provinces of China

Habits: like light, drought tolerance, slightly shade tolerance. Often grows in shrubs of gravel on low mountain slopes. Both acidic soil and neutral soil can grow and grow vigorously in well-drained, fertile and moist soil. Strong sprouting power. Strong cold resistance

Ecological habits: like warm and humid climate, like sufficient light but also slightly resistant to shade, strong cold resistance, lax soil requirements, more resistant to dry and barren. Both acidic and neutral soils can grow and grow vigorously in well-drained, fertile and moist soil. Strong sprouting ability and tillering ability

Breeding and cultivation: mainly by sowing and breeding. It can also be propagated by cutting. The seeds were sown in September and sown in March of the following year. Cuttings are often used for dormant branches, which are carried out before sprouting in early spring. Distribution of producing area

It is a native tree species in China, mainly producing Shanxi, Henan, Anhui and other provinces. It is cultivated in Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hubei and other places. Morphological characteristics

Deciduous shrubs. Mostly small treelike, up to 3-5m high, branchlets cylindrical, glabrous, slightly angular, reddish brown when young, simple leaves alternate, long oval

White cuckoo plum

Obovate to oblong-Obovate, 3. 5-6.5cm long and 1. 5-3.5cm wide, apex obtuse, base cuneate, entire leaf, both surfaces glabrous, petiole very short, leaf abaxially gray-white. Flowers bisexual, terminal raceme, with 6-10 flowers, all glabrous, shortly pedicellate, calyx tube campanulate, yellowish green, sepals margin apically serrulate, petals Obovate, white, ca. 1.5cm, apex obtuse, base shortly clawed, stamens 15-20, each 3-4 fascicled on the edge of disk, carpels 5, style separated. Capsule, obconic, 5-ridged, shortly fruiting pedicel. The florescence is April. The fruit period is from August to September. Common varieties

1. Red-stalked rhododendron (E.giraldii Hesse): deciduous shrub, which is mainly different from white rhododendron in that the petiole is longer, up to 1.5-2.5cm, often red. Pedicels very short and nearly sessile, with long claws at the base of petals.

two。 E.serratifolia S.Moore: deciduous shrub characterized by sharp serrations above the middle of leaves, abaxial surface of young leaves slightly pilose, petiole 1-2 cm long, pedicel 2-3 cm long. Reproduction and cultivation

Rhododendron plum can be propagated by pressing, softwood cuttage, sowing, transplanting and other methods.

White cuckoo plum

White cuckoo plum 1. Sowing: the seeds can be collected in September and sown in March of the following year. Sowing for about 20-30 days, that is, when the seedlings are sprouted and unearthed in April, when the seedlings are 4-5 cm high, the seedlings can be divided into different stages, and the seedlings should be shaded and protected from sun exposure in the middle of summer. Before sprouting leaves in the early spring of the second year, the bed can be changed and planted separately. Stem tip tissue culture has been applied since the 20th century, which can greatly improve the propagation coefficient of seedlings. Transplanting seedlings should be carried out after defoliation in late autumn or before sprouting leaves in early spring. Small and medium seedlings can be transplanted naked, while large seedlings need to be transplanted with soil balls.

2. Cutting can be divided into two methods: old wood cutting and tender wood cutting.

(1) for old branch cutting, dormant branches are used as cuttings, that is, before sprouting leaves in early spring, the strong branches of the previous year are selected and cut together, each cuttings are about 15 cm long, but there should be at least 3 nodes and 2 internodes. The cuttings should be inserted into the soil of the seedbed for 2/3 of the length, must not be inverted, fully watered after compacting the bed soil, easy to root.

(2) softwood cuttings, that is, select the semi-wooded branches of the year, retain a small number of leaves on the upper one or two nodes, remove the leaves on the lower nodes, and insert the lower end of the cuttings into the soil of the seedbed, the cutting length and cutting method are the same as old branch cuttings, which are also easy to take root. When the tender wood cuttings were carried out, the sturdy branches of the current year were selected as cuttings when the plants were growing vigorously from the end of spring to early autumn. After cutting off the branches, select the sturdy parts and cut them into segments 5-15 cm long, each with more than 3 leaf nodes. When cutting cuttings, it should be noted that the upper cut is cut flat at about 1 cm above the uppermost leaf node, and the lower cut is about 0.5 cm below the lowest leaf node, and the upper and lower cut should be flat (knife should be sharp). When hardwood cuttings are carried out, after the temperature rises in early spring, last year's robust branches are selected as cuttings. Each cuttage usually retains 3-4 nodes, and the cutting method is the same as that of softwood cuttings. Attention should be paid to the following management after cutting:

Temperature of rhododendron plum: the optimum temperature for rooting of cuttings is 20 ℃ ~ 30 ℃, which is lower than 20 ℃, and it is difficult and slow for cuttings to take root.

White cuckoo plum

The upper and lower scissors are susceptible to bacterial infection and decay, and the higher the temperature, the greater the proportion of decay. When there is a low temperature after cutting, the heat preservation measure is mainly to wrap the flowerpot or container used for cutting with thin film; when the temperature is too high after cutting, the cooling measure is mainly to shade the cuttings, to cover 50-80% of the sun, and at the same time, spray the cuttings 3-5 times a day, with more times of spraying when the temperature is higher in sunny days, lower temperatures and higher temperatures in rainy days, but less or no spraying times.

Humidity: the relative humidity of the air must be kept at 750.85% after cutting. The basic requirement for cuttings to take root is to ensure that cuttings are fresh and tender and can be used to produce rooting substances before they take root. However, cuttings without rooting can not absorb enough water to maintain their water balance, so it is necessary to reduce the water evaporation of cuttings by spraying: under shaded conditions, the cuttings are sprayed 3-5 times a day. The higher the temperature in sunny days, the more the times of spraying, the lower the temperature in cloudy and rainy days, the less or no spraying. But with excessive spraying, cuttings are easy to be infected by bacteria and rot, because many kinds of bacteria exist in the water.

Light: cutting propagation is inseparable from sunlight, because cuttings continue to carry out photosynthesis to produce nutrients and rooting materials to supply their rooting needs. However, the stronger the light, the higher the temperature in the cuttings, the more exuberant transpiration of cuttings, and the more water consumed, which is not conducive to the survival of cuttings. Therefore, it is necessary to cover 50% of the sun after cutting, and then gradually remove the shading net after the root system grows: remove the sunscreen at 4:00 every afternoon on a sunny day, and cover it before 9:00 the next day.

3. Striping propagation: select strong branches and peel off the bark from about 15cm to 30cm below the top. The width of the peeled wound is about one centimeter, and the depth is limited to just peeling off the skin. Cut a piece of film 10 cm 20 cm long and 5 cm 8 cm wide, put some wet garden soil on it, and wrap it around like a wound. The upper and lower ends of the film are tightly tied and bulged in the middle. Take root in about four to six weeks. Take root

White cuckoo plum

After that, the root system at the edge of the branch was cut off together to form a new plant.

4. Transplanting: when a small seedling is installed in a pot or a large plant that has been cultivated for several years is transferred to a basin, a coarse-grained matrix 2cm thick is first placed at the bottom of the basin as a filter layer, and then sprinkled with a fully mature organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer with a thickness of about 1cm and 2cm, then covered with a thin layer of matrix, about 1cm thick, and then put into the plant to separate the fertilizer from the root system to avoid root burning.

You can choose one of the following substrates for potting: vegetable garden soil: slag = 3RV 1; orchard soil: medium coarse river sand: sawdust (dregs) = 4RU 1v 2; or one of paddy soil, pond mud, and rotten leaf soil. Pour water once after putting on the basin and keep it in a shaded environment for a week. When transplanting the seedlings, first dig the planting hole, sprinkle a layer of organic fertilizer at the bottom of the planting hole as the base fertilizer (base fertilizer), the thickness is about 46.6 cm, and then cover a layer of soil and put it into the seedlings to separate the fertilizer from the roots and avoid burning roots. After putting it into the seedling, backfill the soil, cover the root system, and trample the soil with your feet and water it once.