Culture method of Flame Tree

1. Sunshine and temperature.

Flame tree originated in Africa, is a positive plant, can withstand drought and high temperature, not afraid of strong light, suitable for growth temperature between 20 and 30 degrees. It should be noted that when the flame tree blossoms, it will blossom less if the temperature is not high.

2. Soil.

The flame tree has strong adaptability and has no specific requirements for the soil. However, in order to grow healthily and well after planting, it is best to choose sunny land and sandy soil with deep soil layer and good drainage.

3. Watering.

Flame trees are resistant to drought and generally do not need to be watered. However, in the period of high temperature or drought in summer, it is necessary to pay attention to watering young trees to replenish water.

3. Fertilization.

At the beginning of planting, sufficient base fertilizer should be added, and in the process of growth, fertilizers should be applied according to the principle of frequently applying thin fertilizer, usually three to five times a year. Fertilizers are mainly compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer, which can be added once more in the period of growth and development to promote growth.

4. Reproduction.

Flame trees are usually propagated by cutting, sowing and high pressure, and the breeding season is in spring.

5. Weeding.

When flame trees are planted in the fields, intermediate ploughing and weeding should be carried out in May and June, which can promote the absorption of nutrients by the flame roots. The depth of intertillage depends on the growth of the seedlings.

Flame trees need high temperature when they bloom, so they are often planted in Hong Kong and Taiwan, while in the north of South China, they may not blossom or blossom less because of the low temperature. I believe that after reading the above introduction, everyone must be very fond of the flame tree.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of flame tree Chinese scientific name flame tree

Latin name Spathodea campanulata Beauv.

Also known as fire flower, fountain tree, calyx wood, flame wood

Binomial Spathodea campanulata

The plant kingdom.

Phylum angiosperm

Dicotyledonous class

Subclass synpetalous flower

Order Tubularia

Family Liriodendron

Clan hard bone Lingxiao clan

Belonging to the genus Flame Tree

Plant flame trees

The distribution area is native to Africa and is now widely cultivated in India and Sri Lanka.

Fire Tree (Spathodea campanulata Beauv.) alias Fire Flower, Fountain Tree, Calyx Tree, Flame Tree, is the national tree of the Republic of Gabon. It is a large deciduous tree of Liriodendron family, also known as calyx wood, native to Africa. Between winter and spring, the flowers are cup-shaped, with a height of about 10 meters and a length of 10-12 centimeters, with a large crown, often used as shade trees or street trees. it is also suitable for planting in parks, communities, tourist areas and other places. If you take a closer look, the crimson petals have a golden pattern on the edge, which is extremely gorgeous.

1. Morphological characteristics.

Trees, 10 m tall, bark smooth, grayish brown. Leaves odd-pinnate, opposite, with petiole to 45 cm long; leaflets 13-17, leaf blade elliptic to Obovate, 5-9.5 cm long and 3.5-5 cm wide, apex acuminate, base rounded, entire, abaxially pilose, base with 2-3 veins; petiole short, puberulent. Corymbose racemes, terminal, dense; inflorescence axis ca. 12 cm, brown puberulent, with conspicuous lenticels; pedicels 2-4 cm long; bracts lanceolate, 2 cm long; bracteoles 2, 2-10 mm long. Calyx spathelike, tomentose outside, apex curved and dehiscent, base entire, 5-6 cm long and 2-2.5 cm wide. One side of the Corolla is dilated, the base tightens into a thin tube, the eaves are nearly campanulate, about 5-6 cm in diameter, 5-10 cm long, orange-red, with purplish red spots, protuberant stripes on the inner surface, lobes 5, broadly ovate, unequal, longitudinally pleated, 3 cm long, 3-4 cm wide, orange-red on the outside and orange on the inside. Stamens 4, filaments 5-7 cm long, anthers ca. 8 mm, zigzag. Style 6 cm long, stigma ovoid-lanceolate, 2-lobed. Disk annular, 4 mm tall. Capsule dark brown, 15-25 cm long and 3.5 cm wide. Seeds circumwinged, suborbicular, 1.7-2.4 cm long and wide. The florescence is from April to May. 2. Growth habits

Lighting: positive plants, need strong light.

Suitable temperature for childbearing: 23: 30 ℃

Growth characteristics: tropical tree species grow fast.

Heat-resistant, drought-resistant, moisture-resistant, barren-resistant, brittle and wind-resistant, easy to transplant.

3. Distribution range

Originally from Africa, it is widely cultivated in India and Sri Lanka. It is cultivated in Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan and Yunnan (Xishuangbanna).

4. Cultivation techniques

The fruit ripens when it changes from green to brown. After the fruit is harvested, spread out in a ventilated place, the shell naturally split to get seeds, the seeds are thin and light. Seedlings should be sowed, cover the soil thick 0.5cm or so, pay attention to shade to keep the bed moist. It began to germinate in about 15 days, and the germination rate was 60%. When the seedling height 3~5cm is transferred into the nutrition bag, the one-year-old seedling height 60~80cm can be planted out of the nursery, and if the large seedling is cultivated, it needs to be moved to the human nursery bed. After 3 years of row spacing of 1.5m × 1.5m, the seedling can leave the nursery when the DBH of the seedling reaches about 5cm. As a street tree, the row spacing is 5.6m, the size of the planting hole is 70cm × 80cm, and the base fertilizer is enough. The flame tree has a large crown, more water content in branches and leaves, shallow and less root system, top-heavy and light, and is extremely vulnerable to wind damage. when planting, it should be properly deeply planted and trampled, and then cultivate soil and pruning in time to ensure that the tree shape is solemn and beautiful. When planting flame trees alone in gardens, lawns, parks and other places, the branching point should be set at about 1.5m, and through pruning, the crown should be spherical, umbrella-shaped and so on. Tending and management should be strengthened after planting. In the first 3 years, cutting, weeding, loosening soil, expanding holes and fertilizing 2-3 times a year, and tending 1-2 times a year after 4 years.

Management method of land preparation

Ploughing the subsoil with a depth of 20 to 30 cm, smashing the soil and removing stones, tiles, residual roots and weeds. Apply 400 to 800 kilograms of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. Mahogany seedlings are cultivated in the chamber, which is 20 cm high above the ground and 1.2 meters wide, depending on the topography. There is a 40 cm wide walkway between each hatchback, a 20 × 20 cm drainage and irrigation ditch on the outside of each compartment, and a 40 × 30 cm drainage ditch around the whole plot.

Transplanting seedlings should be carried out in the state of moist soil, and fully sprinkle water 3 hours before seedling emergence, so that the moist soil is attached to the root group and avoid root group injury. The seedlings should be planted while rising, so as not to expose them to strong light for a long time. If long-distance transportation is needed, the roots of the seedlings should be sloped in mud and wrapped in plastic bags. After the whole plot is planted, irrigate it in time. The best planting season is from October to mid-December and from early February to late March. Frost injury is easy to occur from late December to late January. Strong light and high temperature will affect the survival of seedlings after April. Planting can be divided into ditch planting or hole planting, planting 1 to 15000 plants per mu. Bare root transplantation should stretch the root system in the hole, do not make it curl, cover the fine soil, lift slightly, make the root group stretch, then gently compact, pour enough pressure water, and then cover a layer of topsoil to preserve soil moisture. Planting in autumn should avoid freezing in winter, and cold prevention measures should be taken when the temperature drops below 0 ℃. Generally, hay and fallen leaves should be covered on the seedling bed, and the film can also be arched.

Intermediate ploughing and weeding

Intertillage weeding can promote the absorption of nutrients by seedling roots, and the depth of intertillage depends on the depth and growth period of seedling roots. The ploughing of small seedlings should be shallow, the middle seedlings should be deep, the near roots of seedlings should be shallow, and the rows between plants should be deep, generally 3 to 5 cm. Mid-tillage weeding is usually carried out from May to June, and after July, the root system of seedlings has been expanded to between plants and rows, so mid-tillage should be stopped, otherwise the root group will be cut off and the seedlings will be damaged.

Fertilizer and water management

It is suitable to cultivate sandy loam or loam with fertile and well drained soil. Apply sufficient basal fertilizer when planting, and pay attention to replenish water to the young trees during high temperature and dry periods. Flame trees do not have a high demand for fertilizer, but they also need to supplement fertilizer properly during their growth and development, mainly compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer.

For 2-3-year-old safflower trees, the purpose of topdressing is to promote the growth of branches and leaves, and more nitrogen fertilizer can be applied, but phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied in the later stage of seedling growth in autumn. In addition to manure dry and human dung urine, topdressing can also apply rotten pig manure urine, which has a red effect on the flame tree. When cultivated in a large area, chemical fertilizers can also be applied together. For seedlings coming out of the nursery for 2 to 3 years, 1.2 kg of ammonium nitrate, 1.5 kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.5 kg of potassium chloride can be applied every 100 square meters.

Pest control of blight and blight mainly occurred in Rain Water in spring, and both seedlings and adults were harmed. Dark brown spots occur at the injured site and die in severe cases.

Prevention and treatment: transplant with disease-free new soil, the fertilizer used must be rotten, and fresh farm manure must not be used. Remove the diseased plant in time. Before transplanting, disinfect 6 kg of water with 50 ml of 40% formaldehyde per square meter, or mix fine soil with 70% pentachloronitrophenol at 1:30 and sprinkle it on the seedbed soil. Spring seedlings were sprayed with 1000 times of thiophanate methyl or 1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil after one week, once every 10 days and used alternately.

Major insect pests

The main pests are aphids, ulnar moths, yellow armyworm, Plutella xylostella, large and small ground tigers and beetles. Aphids can affect plant growth and induce coal fouling disease; Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera litura do harm to the leaves of their larvae, and in serious cases, they can eat up all the tender shoots in 2 to 3 days; ground tigers and beetles eat their roots with larvae, and ground tigers mainly harm cuttings and seedlings. Large, medium and small seedlings of beetles are harmful. To control aphids, 5% diesel emulsion or Baume 3-5 degree stone sulfur mixture can be sprayed before germination to kill overwintering adults and eggs. Spray the medicine for the second time after falling flowers and the third time in October in autumn. 1500 times methamidophos can be used to control the larvae of Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera litura. The larvae of ground tiger and beetle are underground pests. The control method is to strengthen the management of nursery and not to apply immature organic fertilizer. Ploughing in winter, the overwintering larvae turn to the surface to freeze to death. With 3% carbofuran granules, according to the dosage of 2 kg per mu, trench into the soil 10 to 20 cm deep.

5. Main value

Making hedges with ecological value

Because of its strong adaptability, resistance to pruning, like germination, hedgerow has advantages. In general, the soil of urban greening is poor, and it is impossible for construction waste to be removed well. Flame trees grow better in this poor environment, with strong natural resistance and few diseases and insect pests. As long as they are diligently pruned, the hedges planted in that year will be effective in that year. Flame trees are also suitable for planting on slope protection and so on. The branches of the naturally developed flame tree can grow to 1.2 meters in a year and about 2 meters in two years, and begin to bear flowers and fruits.

Afforestation

As a spherical arrangement, flame trees can be planted at random by means of combination planting, pruning, pruning and shaping.

On the lawn, dotted in the depths of the garden, the red flaming trees and fruits give people a warm feeling in the cold winter. The flame tree ball is regularly arranged on both sides of the road or in the middle of the green belt, which can also play a role in greening, beautification and eye-catching.

Embellish the scenic spot

As the collocation of scenic woodland, flame tree can reflect the natural wild interest.

As materials for bonsai and flower arrangement

The flame tree is resistant to pruning, and the main branches are naturally changeable. The viewing period of the flame tree is from autumn to winter, and the fruit is getting redder and redder. For example, the bonsai of the flame tree on display at the Moshan Bonsai Garden on the East Lake in Wuhan every year attracts tourists to linger. The fruit branches of the flame tree are also flower arrangement materials, especially in autumn and winter with chrysanthemum and wax plum as traditional artistic flower arrangement.

Ornamental value tree crown umbrella-shaped, conical, etc., whirling trees, luxuriant feather leaves, large flowers, bright red, blooming on the crown, very much like a torch, with a very high ornamental. Red flowers have been introduced into China, while yellow flowers have not been introduced yet. Flame tree is an excellent ornamental tree species of landscaping in the place of origin. after it was introduced to Hainan, it is known as "a fire in winter" because it blossoms in winter and is also a red flower. Flame tree has great potential for development in the tropics and south subtropics of southern China.

6. Plant culture

The Tree of the birth of Buddha-Flame Flower

In Xishuangbanna, the Dai people believe in Hinayana Buddhism, and many plants related to Buddhism have been widely planted and worshipped, and fireworks is one of them.

More than 2500 years ago, in the northwest of ancient India, at the foot of the Himalayas (present-day Nepal), there was a kingdom of Kapilov. King Jingfan King and Queen Mahaboye married for many years without children, until when the Queen was 45 years old, one night, she dreamt that a white elephant came into the air and broke into her womb-the Queen was pregnant. According to the custom of ancient India at that time, women had to go back to their mother's home to give birth when they became pregnant for the first time. On the eve of giving birth, Queen Mahaboye took a sedan chair carried by an elephant to her mother's house to give birth. When she was walking through Lumbini Garden, she felt a little tired and got off the sedan chair to rest in the garden. When Queen Mahaboye walked under a verdant flaming tree full of golden flowers, and reached out her hand on the trunk, she startled the fetus and gave birth to a generation of sage-Sakyamuni. Therefore, almost every Dai village in Xishuangbanna has temples, and almost every temple is surrounded by fireworks. In addition, some families who do not have children but want to have children often plant a fiery flower in front and behind the house.

It is said that as long as sitting under the worry-free flower tree, anyone will forget all their troubles and be carefree.

The value of the Flame Tree

The ornamental value of Flame Tree

When it comes to the value of this flame tree, the first thing to say is its ornamental. The ornamental value of the flame tree is still very high, it is mainly a kind of flowering plant.

The red flowers of the flame tree look like flames, with a long flowering period and a beautiful plant shape, so it is very suitable for ornamental trees, as landscape trees and courtyard trees are very ornamental.

Secondly, the adaptability of the flame tree is very strong, the flame tree is more resistant to pruning and germinates quickly, and grows faster when breeding. And the flame tree can also grow better in a slightly worse environment, such as in big cities, the soil is relatively poor, and there is a lot of garbage pollution and air pollution. In this case, the flame tree can also grow well. So it is very appropriate to use it as an ornamental tree.

The Medicinal value of Flame Tree

The flame tree is not only ornamental, but also suitable to be used as medicinal plants.

The flame tree has many nicknames, such as rescue food, rescue food, life-saving food and so on, which reflects to a certain extent that the flame tree has high medicinal value.

Flame trees are generally fruits, roots and leaves can be used as medicine, picking fruit in autumn, digging roots in late winter and early spring, leaves can be picked at any time. These parts can play a great role.

The fruit of the flame tree has the effect of eliminating accumulation and stopping dysentery, promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding. Mainly used for dyspepsia and enteritis, dysentery and other symptoms.

The root of the flame tree has the effect of clearing away heat and cooling blood. Mainly used for fall injury, muscle and bone pain, low back pain and other symptoms.

The cotyledons of the flame tree have the effect of clearing away heat and detoxification, can be applied externally, and can treat sores, sores, swelling and poison.