There are about several reasons for the yellowing of elm leaves:

1. Lack of light

two。 Excessive watering causes retting and rotting roots.

3. Phyllodes venereal disease

So, if you want elm bonsai to be green and pleasant again, what should you do? As long as you pay attention to the following three maintenance precautions will be no problem!

Elm bonsai cultivation method Elm bonsai conservation

Elm bonsai cultivation method Elm bonsai conservation

Elm trees, especially elm old piles growing in the wild, have experienced many years of man-made knife chiseling, wind stripping, rain erosion, animal gnawing and so on, gradually forming many different strange postures. Some of them are intertwined, vigorous and simple; some of them are magical, dry roots and new leaves, and there are unique caves. They are excellent materials for making bonsai. This paper puts forward our views on the production and conservation management of elm bonsai for reference.

First of all, the selection of piles should be strict. Try to choose small and medium-sized piles, in order to facilitate balcony cultivation; pile blank must be fresh, withered, no roots do not. The elm old pile that just digs should be planted with plain sand land or planted in earthen basin "raise pile", generally in late autumn to early spring season is appropriate (the survival rate is highest in two or three months before germination). Before planting, the roots and branches should be trimmed as necessary. Viscous sap often flows out from the cut. If the liquid seeps too much, the survival rate will be seriously affected. The biggest disadvantage of all elm varieties is easy to run juice, if the pile blank can not effectively overcome this defect before and after planting, then it is difficult to ensure the survival of pile failure. For this, the incision can be sealed with paint or wax, or a layer of erythromycin ointment or sulfa ointment can be applied, and then sprinkled with fine sand. After the cut is properly treated, do not put it in the basin immediately. Put it in the shade for a few hours to let the wound naturally collect water and form a protective film. This can greatly reduce the occurrence of slurry running after the pile blank is put in the basin. Elm like dry afraid of wet, after planting soil compaction, can not need watering, just spray 1~2 times a day to branches, 3~4 days after watering once permeable. In the future, no water will be poured, and no ponding will be allowed.

Secondly, elm bonsai modeling should be based on the basic shape of the old pile, through the means of coiling, pruning and other means to make straight dry, curved dry, inclined dry, water, cliff, wind blowing, jungle, attached stone and other different forms of bonsai. The modeling time can be either the dormancy period after defoliation or the growth period, but it must avoid the germination period.

The formed elm bonsai is planted in purple sand pots before germination in spring, and attention is paid to selecting sandy soil with loose ventilation, good drainage and rich humus for planting. It is best to use yellow sand: pine needle soil: loess =4:3:3 ratio, this kind of soil both breathable and water retention, but also will not accumulate water. Usually placed in good ventilation, sufficient light maintenance, basin soil had better keep dry. Summer high temperature dry to plant around the ground can be sprinkled, but not directly to the foliage spray, lest the leaves become larger, lose beauty. After the new pile survives, do not be eager to fertilize, which is an important reason for many people to keep blank failure, should be applied again after autumn, fully decomposed thin liquid fertilizer is the best.

Elm germination is very strong, fast growth, growth season to often prune, cut off too long, too messy branches, in order to maintain the elegance of the tree. The best viewing period of elm bonsai is when the new leaves just appear. If all the leaves are removed in the first and middle of August, and the fertilizer and water management is strengthened later, the new leaves will grow again in the last ten days of September, thus improving the viewing value. In winter, move to a cool room with bright light, or bury the pot in the soil of the outdoor leeward, reduce watering, and make the plant fully dormant. Maintenance every 2 to 3 years pot turning once, so that bonsai growth exuberant, vibrant.

elm

Elm tree beautiful, elegant posture, mottled bark, fine branches and leaves, in the courtyard alone planted, clustered planted, or with pavilions, rocks configuration are very suitable. It can also be used as greening tree species in Kuangqu mining area. Elm tree is hard and can be used for industrial materials; its stem bark fiber is strong and can be used as rope and artificial fiber; its roots, bark and tender leaves can be used as medicine to relieve swelling and pain, detoxify and treat heat, and can be used for external treatment of water and fire burns; its leaves can be used as soil pesticide to kill red spiders.

morphological characteristics

Deciduous trees, or winter leaves become yellow or red persistent to the next year after the opening of new leaves shed, up to 25 m, DBH up to 1 m; crown widely rounded, trunk base sometimes plate-like roots, bark gray or grayish brown, split into irregular scaly flakes peeling off, exposing reddish brown endodermis, nearly smooth, slightly uneven; annual branches densely pubescent, dark brown; winter buds oval, reddish brown, glabrous. Leaves thick in texture, lanceolate-ovate or narrowly elliptic, sparsely ovate or obovate, veins unequal in length and width on both sides, 1.7 - 8 in length (often 2.5 - 5) cm, 0.8 - 3 (often 1 - 2) cm wide, apex pointed or obtuse, base oblique, wedge or rounded on one side, dark green, glossy, glabrous except for sparsely pilose midvein depression, lateral veins depressed, leaf abaxially lighter, pubescent when young, glabrous or sparsely pilose along veins, or clustered hairs in vein axils, margin obtuse and neatly single serrate from base to apex, sparsely double serrate (as in leaves of budding branches), Lateral veins 10 - 15 on each side, veinlets conspicuous on both sides, petioles 2 - 6 mm long, hairy only above. Flowers autumnal, 3 - 6 in clusters or clustered cymes along veins, tepals cup-shaped above, tubular below, tepals 4, parted to base or near base of cup-shaped tepals, pedicels extremely short, sparsely hairy. Samara elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 10 - 1 ~ 3 mm long, 6 - 8 mm wide, glabrous except for the apical notch stigma surface hairy, fruit wings slightly thick, the base of the stipe about 2 mm long, wings on both sides of the stone part is narrower than the samara, the stone part is located in the middle and upper part of the samara, the upper end is close to the notch, the perianth segments fall off or remain, the fruit peduncle is shorter than the tubular perianth, 1 - 3 mm long, sparsely short hairs. The flowering period is 8~10 months.

growth habit

Born in plains, hills, hillsides and valleys. It grows in acid, neutral and alkaline soils, but the most suitable habitat is warm, fertile and well-drained neutral soil.

geographical distribution

Distribution in Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Henan and other provinces. Japan and Korea are also distributed.

cultivation and management

Bonsai making

(1) Material selection and cultivation measures

Artificial propagation: elms are usually propagated by sowing. 10~11 month seed ripens, fruit wing assumes yellow-brown, should harvest in time, spread out to dry, Yang goes sundries, bagged dry store. Sowing in March of the following spring, broadcast or drill sowing can be. The row spacing of drilling is 25 cm. Sowing is carried out on sunny days without wind. The sowing is covered with fine soil. The seed is not seen. The straw is covered again. About 30 days or so can sprout unearthed, should be timely uncovering grass, appropriate thinning seedlings. During the growth period, water and fertilizer management should be done well, weeding and loosening, and the seedlings of the year can be as high as 30~40 cm. Young saplings are thin and thin, and their leaves are large. Generally, they are not suitable for making bonsai. They should be cultivated for several years. After pruning and shaping, it is good to put them in pots again. In addition, Ulmus pumila can also be used to root propagation, culture pile scene material, the effect is faster, widely used in South China.

Mountain mining: there are many elm trees growing near the water in the mountains south of the Yangtze River, and limestone mountains are more common. Old tree stumps that have been felled for many years can be selected, especially elm stumps growing in barren slopes, river ditches or mountain stone crevices. It is best to grow slowly, grow for a long time, be processed by natural wind waves, have thick roots, vigorous twists and turns, oblique branches and leaves, small leaves and old and clumsy posture. Before budding in spring, carry out mining, cut off unnecessary roots and branches, protect accessory roots and fibrous roots, lay mud and wrap them with wet moss. After digging back, select a ventilated and translucent, loose and moist soil for deep burial cultivation, called "embryo cultivation", wait for root development, new branches and leaves lush, and then on the basin processing modeling. Old piles are used as bonsai materials, which can shorten the processing time of bonsai, and the shape is natural and simple, different from ordinary products, and easy to survive.

Ulmus elm mining wild old stumps for cultivation, generally at least 2~3 years to take shape, here is a rapid cultivation method, especially suitable for the growth of bonsai. The elm tree piles dug back in early spring shall be planted into earthen pots for cultivation. After survival, attention shall be paid to picking unnecessary buds at any time. From the end of April to the beginning of May, the posture shall be adjusted. When the branches grow to 15~18 cm long, they shall be shaped by climbing with thin metal wires, and attention shall be paid to maintenance and management. When sprouting new branches grow 4~6 leaves, pruning can be carried out. Generally, only two leaves are left on each twig. Nitrogen fertilizer is applied once to promote new buds on the new branches. Repeated pruning and fertilization make the leaves grow dense as soon as possible. As the branches continue to thicken, the metal wires must be removed in time to prevent "sinking wires". For branches that have not yet been finalized, they can be climbed again to fix their shape. In this way, to September a pot elm pile scene can be initially formed.

The key to this rapid prototyping method is mainly to climb the branches before the xylem has hardened, so the production must be especially careful, the thickness of the metal wire should also be selected properly, and the winding should not be too tight to prevent bruising the tender branches. In addition, it is necessary to do a good job of "embryo cultivation" in order to achieve the goal of digging piles for one year to make potted plants.

(ii) Upper basin process

Selection basin: elm pile scene generally appropriate to use glazed pottery basin, can also be used purple sand pottery basin. Basins are diverse in shape, depending on the tree shape, with rectangular basins being the most common. Color is good for simplicity.

Soil: the requirements for soil are not strict, and the adaptability is strong. Potted to loose fertile pastoral soil or rotten leaf soil is appropriate, air permeability and water permeability is good, it is conducive to the development and growth of roots, to maintain the old pile branches luxuriant.

Planting: usually planted before germination in spring between February and March, autumn can also be planted. When planting, the roots will be properly pruned, cut off too long roots, and can be properly lifted. Elm root system developed, suitable for attached stone bonsai. It is difficult to plant additional stones. Generally, stones with deep stone crevices (loose stones can be carved into stone crevices manually) should be selected. After pruning and finishing the roots, they should be embedded in the stone crevices, and the main thick roots should be tied with brown silk to fix them. Take root, pay attention not to bruise the root system as much as possible, available moss mat shop. After taking root, smear wet river soil on the outside of the stone, then wrap it with moss, then plant the root together with the attached stone in the pot soil, carefully maintain for 3~4 years, wait until the root embedded in the stone crevice fully grows and fills the stone gap, then the binding can be released, at this time the root system and the stone form a whole, and the attached stone bonsai of a pot of elm is basically completed.

(III) Posture adjustment technology

Processing: elm can be trimmed modeling, can also be combined with climbing processing. Panza can be used brown wire, can also use metal wire. As elm branches grow faster, so climbing tie materials should be removed in time, so as not to cause "sinkage", affecting the appearance. For the old stumps mined in the mountains, the thick trunk can be cut to reduce the volume, commensurate with the lateral branches, and at the same time increase the ancient interest. The whole posture of elm is generally good before germination in spring or during plum rain season.

Tree: elm plasticity is very strong, suitable for processing into many kinds of tree. Common are straight dry, inclined dry, lying dry, cliff type, attached stone type, planting type and so on. Branches and leaves can either be tied into pieces or pruned into a natural crown. In particular, the shaping of stone-attached elm bonsai can intercept a corner of nature when it is conceived, allowing for certain exaggeration. In order to render the charm of a certain part, trees can be placed above rocks, mainly trees, stones, and not subject to the restriction of "Zhang Shan Chi Shu". In our country bonsai Lingnan faction, Su faction and Yang faction, often take Ulmus chinensis as the main tree species.

maintenance management

Place: elm should be placed in sufficient sunlight, air circulation. Summer does not need shade, winter can be placed outdoors, in order to prevent the basin soil from freezing, can be buried in the soil. Watering: elm love wet, watering should be sufficient, summer temperature high light intensity, morning and evening watering once, but do not make the basin water. Autumn watering can be less, winter such as buried pot soil, can not be watered.

Fertilization: apply manure or cake fertilizer once in winter as base fertilizer, and apply thin organic fertilizer once every half month from April to October (except for plum rain season) to maintain normal growth nutrient needs. Nitrogen and potash are the main fertilizers.

Pruning: elm branches and leaves grow fast, in order to maintain the shape of bonsai should be often pruned, generally in the bud branch elongation to 5~6 cm, only 2~3 leaves remain, the rest are cut off. In order to control growth, buds can also be picked at any time.

Turn over the pot: every 2 to 3 years, the best time to spring before germination, autumn can also be. When turning over pots, about 1B2 old soil can be removed, and part of the old roots can be cut off, and fertile and loose culture soil can be used.

Pest control: elm pests more common elm leaf insects, scale insects, longicorn, thorn moth and moth, etc. Can spray 80% dichlorvos 1500 times liquid control; longicorn harm trunk, available stone sulfur mixture plug insect hole.

Prevention and Control of Common Diseases of Bonsai

There are two kinds of common and harmful diseases of elm stake in bonsai production: root rot and branch broom disease. Serious root rot directly leads to the death of stumps; witches 'broom disease seriously affects the normal growth of stumps, making it difficult for branches to transition for many years. Serious root rot causes stumps to atrophy and branches to lose control and abandon. Root rot: Ulmus root rot symptoms are mainly manifested in the growth period of yellow leaves fall off, branches gradually die, buds do not grow or stop growing halfway. When mining wild elm piles, more attention must be paid to making the cross section of the root neat and not leaving a wound to prevent the invasion of germs. Ulmus stake branch cortex thicker, more water, in the blank before false planting must make the root section properly dry, and can be coated with disinfectant to prevent root disease. Unclean soil with humus and unfermented material should not be selected for false planting. The soil should be disinfected, and water should be strictly controlled during the blank cultivation period. Do not make the roots excessively moist and soaked for a long time, which is easy to promote the breeding of root rot fungi. When turning over the pot, once dark brown rot is found in the root cortex, it should be immediately scraped with sharp tools to see fresh tissue, and the affected part should be coated with 25% wettable powder and carbendazim with a concentration of 1000 times. After the solution is dried, the pot should be placed. At the same time, the necrotic root strips should be cut off and burned. Attention should also be paid to not mixing the scraped residues into the pot soil to prevent reinfection. Wounds heal and new roots can be fertilized to enhance disease resistance. Witches disease: elm tree witches disease mainly harm new shoots and leaves, showing symptoms such as clusters of new shoots, upright upward, early and small leaves of diseased branches, dense branches, etc. The fungus overwinters as mycelium on the injured shoot and invades the shoot in the second year. In winter, when pruning elm piles, we should cut off the clustered school shoots and burn them intensively. Before the buds sprout in early spring, we can spray 5 ° Be stone sulfur mixture, which has remarkable effect. Spraying can be carried out once a week during the growing period, lasting five innings to eradicate witches 'broom disease. During this period, do not spray water on the branches and leaves except for shelter from rain. Keep the leaves dry.

garden value

Elm trunk slightly curved, bark mottled elegant, twigs Wan droop, autumn leaves turn red, is a good ornamental tree and factory greening, four green trees, often solitary planting into a scene, suitable for planting in the pool, pavilion near, can also be matched with rocks, only more pests and diseases. Strong germination, for the production of bonsai good material.

Beautiful tree shape, posture chic, mottled bark, branches and leaves, with high ornamental value. It is suitable to be planted alone, in groups or with pavilions in the garden. It has good ornamental effect as shade tree, street tree or bonsai. Because of its strong resistance, it can also be used as greening tree species in Kuangqu mining area.

Elm

Scientific name: Ulmus pumia Linn. Family and genus: Ulmaceae, Ulmus. Deciduous Arbor, native to the north, the wood is several meters high: the skin is exhausted. Summer has scales peeling off, leaves oval, edges serrated, dark green, leathery, and shiny. Small flowers bloom in March and April, and the fruit is flat and round. There are membrane wings. It is called Yuqian and can be used as food. There are three kinds of elm trees: big leaves, middle leaves and leaflets, of which the big leaves are large and thin. The color of the leaves is not as good as that of the middle leaves and lobules, so it is not welcomed by bonsai creators and has been eliminated. The growth rate of the middle leaf is faster than that of the leaflet, and the ornamental value of the leaflet ten is higher than that of the middle leaf, so both of them can coexist, one for those in need. Elm is the most ideal tree species for shaping Lingnan bonsai, and it is one of the five famous trees in Lingnan bonsai, including Jiuli incense, sparrow plum, Fujian tea, elm, all over the sky. It mainly has the following advantages. The growth rate of ① is fast (it is the top of five famous trees). Whether it is the growth rate of embryo material and the use of truncation and branch storage, the tree has a faster speed. ② has small leaves, beautiful shape and dark green color, which meets the requirements of making bonsai. ③ has better trauma, greater plasticity and larger wound healing by electric energy, which can be used to transform the pile head of tree embryo. If it needs to be shrunk, it can heal naturally after cutting off some of it. If you need to expand it, you can use the methods of "hitting" and "picking skin" to make use of its callus and proliferative tissue to become rugged nodules, which not only has the beauty of vigorous strength, but also makes the rich cadres feel bigger. The branches of ④ are soft and not easy to break, which is beneficial to shaping and binding. The root head of ⑤ is well developed, and it can be modified arbitrarily by using the principle of callus to meet the requirements of various tree types, and it is also ideal for shaping the stone type. The germination rate of ⑥ is high, and elm has the highest shade germination rate of all tree species. The whole body is covered with latent buds. In the germination period before the Beginning of Spring, all the tree trunks with wounds germinate. It is very convenient to choose and choose the location of bonsai branches. if you need to grow branches somewhere, make a hole there, and there will be sprouts there until you see the xylem. After growing into a branch, the wound will heal naturally without leaving a very obvious trace. 2. Habits and management of elm like sunshine, cold resistance, not only moist soil, but also hydrophobic, especially in transplanting to prevent waterlogging rotting roots. The germination of elm is so strong that it will sprout wherever there is a wound when it is suitable for the season (during the period of the Beginning of Spring). During the unsuitable season, it is necessary for the whole plant to germinate without leaves (picking off the leaves) to achieve the ideal. If a single branch is cut when it is not suitable for the season (other branches still grow with leaves), it will cause non-germination. Therefore, in modeling, when the size of a branch meets the requirements, the method of early inhibition (binding branches and leaves, limiting the use of light cooperation) is mostly used to limit the growth of this branch. When the branches of the whole plant are in proportion, they will be cut together so that the branches of the whole plant can sprout together, so that the branches can grow evenly. When a branch shrinks when it encounters a disease, electricity can remove the leaves of the whole tree, which can promote the sprouting of the diseased branch and the whole branch together and solve the disease of a single diseased branch. Digging elm transplant should be carried out during the period from Lesser Cold to Greater Cold every year. Digging in this period will make the elm tree survive even if it does great damage to the root system of the elm tree. The farther away from Greater Cold's season, the lower the survival rate of transplant regeneration. 3. Propagation method Elm has become a cultivated species in the south, and there are two methods of reproduction, one is the high-pressure method (commonly known as circle branch), which can be carried out all year round except during the dormant period. High-pressure propagation can get good modeling skills, but the beauty of pile head and root system is not as beautiful as the pile head propagated by root strips, which is often used as commercial bonsai. The second method of reproduction is root insertion. Take the root strips (regardless of size) cut off when digging the pile head of elm trees from Lesser Cold to Greater Cold every year; splice or each piece is about 10 cm in length and instantly planted in fully hydrophobic and breathable mud:!: the hall with enough fixed root water (which should also be covered in case of rain). In a month or so, it will sprout and grow. It is routinely managed. The following year, intercropping was transplanted. Elm trees planted with roots, a few years later, the pile head is strong and rugged, the pit is deeply cracked, and the roots are staggered, which can create works with artistic personality. 4. the common pests in elm are red spider, oyster scale, cotton scale and so on. The damage of the red spider to the elm is that the leaves are gray and dry, and the leaves can be seen to be eaten into a network under the transmission of sunlight (the insect body is too small to be visible to the naked eye). So that the affected trees can not sprout and grow for a long time. The damage of the oyster scale is that the branches of the elm are covered with white filaments, and the damaged branches are thin, die for a long time, and wither the whole branch (refer to the pest control chapter for control methods). The second is sun disease, exposure in the strong sun, elm bark is easy to be scorched, we should try to protect the bark to overcome this disease. The biggest disease of elm bonsai is branch shrinkage. This disease often occurs after the elm becomes a bonsai, which ends well with a bonsai. Watching it shrink in skill and fail to form a scene, if it cannot be overcome in time, it will lose a lot. The main reason why ① causes elm to shrink is that elm is a tree that grows rapidly on the land and has a well-developed root system. After transplanting it into a basin (especially a shallow landscape basin after bonsai), there is not much soil in the basin, and the root system soon fills up the whole basin and intertwines each other into a "root nest". This "root nest" is so tight that it is difficult for water to infiltrate, and the water only overflows on the mud surface, resulting in a shortage of water. the phenomenon of lack of fertilizer weakens the tree gradually. At the same time, after the work is formed, the branches are dense, the nutrition consumption is large and the ventilation condition is poor, resulting in thin branches, weak disease resistance and easy to cause insect pests. These adverse factors are the primary causes of branch shrinkage of elm. The first manifestation of this disease is slow germination (the normal growth should be that the bud keeps the germination state of green), and then the phenomenon of lack of water and fertilizer occurs. The branches inside (poorly ventilated) first aging and shrinking, and gradually spread to the disease of the whole plant. The way to solve the shrinking branch of elm by ② is to pay close attention to the growth state of the plant. If you find the above situation, you can use pry to detect the soil, which is proved to be caused by the lack of water and fertilizer due to the tight "root nest". It is necessary to take immediate measures to loosen the soil deep into the "root nest" with a crowbar, so that water and fertilizer can effectively seep into the soil, and at the same time, fertilizing outside the root, and spraying water to the leaves, and so on, so as to alleviate the symptoms of the disease. when entering the Ⅱ period, turn the basin immediately, remove as much of the root system as possible and replace it with new mud, and the disease will naturally be improved. Experience has proved that elm bonsai should be turned over, cut roots, and changed mud every year (during the period from Lesser Cold to Greater Cold) to ensure normal growth.

Elm pile planting method: * gummed cut, compacted with plain yellow mud, do not water. Put it in a dark place. Water it after 10 days. Shade. I have been planted for a whole month and have luxuriant branches and leaves.

The oar juice must be prevented from flowing out, and the incision should not encounter water within a week.

* cut off the branches and leaves, one-time repair, pure sand planting (semi-wet), do not water temporarily, leave the room in a cool place, spray water on the branches several times a day, wait until the branches sprout, gradually move from the indoor to the outdoor shade, and then gradually move to the normal sun (avoid at noon). After about a month, you can enter the normal management according to the situation.

Elm trees are distributed all over China, generally transplanting in the dormant period in winter and spring, especially in February and March before sprouting. The branches and roots should be trimmed before planting, and the viscous sap will often flow out from the wound. If the sap exudates too much, it will seriously affect the survival rate. You can also apply a layer of erythromycin ointment on the cut with wax, paint, etc., and then sprinkle with fine sand to prevent sap outflow, but you must not soak it with water, otherwise it will aggravate the loss of sap and cause the root to rett. The plant died. After planting, the soil is compacted, but it is not necessary to water it. Spray clean water on the trunk once or twice a day, and water once after 2 to 3 days. After the maintenance of the plant in a ventilated and transparent place, watering does not dry and does not water, watering is thoroughly, and soil stagnant water is strictly prohibited. The shape of elm bonsai can be either in the growing period or in the dormant period, but it is necessary to avoid the budding period so as not to lose too much sap and affect the plant growth. Its form can be processed into straight dry type, curved dry type, oblique dry type, dry type, water-facing type, cliff type, jungle type and other different forms of bonsai according to the basic shape of the stump. The crown can not only be natural, but also can be shaped by a big tree with a dome, and can be processed into a regular disc shape. The modeling method is to tie and cut at the same time, first using wire to tie out the basic shape, and then fine pruning.

The wound section is smeared with erythromycin or sealed wax, the page is sprayed with water, and it is not too late to stay for a few more days in watering. Otherwise, it will be difficult to survive if you run out of starch. Cut off the roots and add plant ash. It can stop the pulp. Water it a week after planting. Fill up the mud. Then seal the clay with plastic sheeting. Leave it alone. It will sprout around March 20 next spring. The transplant was injured. The immunity is poor. Just put a plastic bag on it. Wait until the bud has 2-3 leaves before removing it. About the time is mid-April, it can't be watered before)

Culture method of Ping an Tree how to raise Ping an Tree in Daquan

Culture method of Ping an Tree how to raise Ping an Tree in Daquan

Aliases: orchid cinnamon, Hongtouyu cinnamon, Hongtoushan cinnamon, Fanglan mountain cinnamon, big leaf cinnamon, Taiwan cinnamon and so on.

Ping an tree, originally produced in Lanyu Island, is a kind of bright green and auspicious Lanyu cinnamon (cinnamon, peace tree, peace wood). In recent years, began to enter the family, will be loved by flower lovers. Produced in southern Taiwan (Orchid Island).

Latin name: Cinnamomum kotoense

Peace tree implies good wishes such as peace, family happiness and all the best.

Growth habits of Ping an tree

Safe trees like warm, humid, sunny environment, like light and shade, like warm heat, no frost and snow, foggy and hot places, do not tolerate drought, stagnant water, cold and dry air. It is suitable to use acid sandy soil which is loose and fertile, well drained and rich in organic matter. Its primary environment is rich in Phalaenopsis, so it is appropriate to create a warm and humid environment for it under artificial cultivation conditions. The fruit period is from August to September.

Morphological characteristics of Ping an tree

Small evergreen tree with a height of 10 m to 15 m. Leaf blade opposite or subopposite, ovate or ovate-long elliptic, fruit ovoid, ca. 1.4 cm long, 1 cm in diameter. Fruiting pedicel ca. 1 cm, glabrous. It is not only a beautiful potted foliage plant, but also a very beautiful landscape tree.

Guide for the maintenance of safe trees

Safe tree cultivation medium

It is suitable to use acid sandy soil which is loose and fertile, well drained and rich in organic matter. Watering

Watering to keep the basin soil moist, do not accumulate water. In the period of high temperature in summer or relatively dry air in autumn, including when it is kept indoors in winter, we should often spray water on the leaf surface and the surrounding environment to create a relatively humid local space environment to promote its robust growth. Watering should be controlled after entering autumn, and more spraying and less watering should be done in winter. Fertilizer application

The plants are plump, the leaves are large, and the growth is prosperous, so they need a large amount of fertilizer. Potted safe trees not only require fertile soil, but also apply thin cake fertilizer or alum once a month from mid-spring to early autumn. After entering autumn, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied twice in a row so that it can survive the winter safely. All forms of topdressing should be stopped in winter to prevent fertilizer from injuring the roots and causing the leaves to yellowing or scorching off, otherwise it is difficult to restore the original appearance of the plants.

It needs better light, but it is more shady. After the pot plant enters the summer, it can be transferred in the shade or under the sunshade, then the growth is more ideal. In late spring and early summer, when we encounter the sunny weather after a long rain and beginning to clear up, we should also do a good job of shading in time, otherwise it will also cause burns to the leaves, and it will be difficult to restore the verdant spirit of the leaves in a short time. It is appropriate to put it in a place with plenty of light in winter. Common problems of Ping an Tree what to do if the leaves of Ping an Tree turn yellow

The reason for the yellowing of the leaves of Ping an tree is generally due to incorrect breeding reasons. At this time, the temperature, water condition and fertilization of Ping an tree can be adjusted. The leaves of Ping an tree droop.

In general, the reason for leaf sagging in Ping an trees is mainly due to the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, and Ping an trees like acidic soil, so as long as a little ferrous sulfate and vinegar are added properly when watering, the acidity and basicity of the soil can be changed. at the same time, check whether the soil is drained and breathable. At the same time, the safe tree should be exposed to more sunlight and carry out photosynthesis. What if the safe tree loses its leaves?

The main reasons for the loss of leaves are: 1. Change with the new environment, did not adapt 2. The state of a safe tree dormant when the temperature is too low. 3. Overwatered or unwatered. 4. Apply too much fertilizer or not.

The leaves turn yellow and fall off.

The main reasons for the yellowing or shedding of leaves in Ping an trees are as follows:

One: it is due to accidents or special circumstances, resulting in serious damage to the root system of the plant, resulting in yellowing of leaves.

Second, the yellow and fallen leaves of Ping an tree are caused by freezing injury when the indoor temperature is below 5 ℃.

Third: it is too much watering, resulting in rotten roots at the bottom and causing the plants to yellowing and falling leaves.

Fourth, the water quality is too alkaline, which leads to the slow yellowing of leaves, which is more common in the north, especially in other places.

Fifth: improper fertilization, excessive fertilization and excessive concentration, resulting in water loss, atrophy and necrosis of nutritious fibrous roots.

Six: it is the exposure of the hot sun for a long time, which causes the leaves to wither and turn yellow.

The solution to the yellowing of the leaves of the Ping an tree is: when it is found that the leaves of the tree are yellowing, you should immediately check whether the roots of the tree are growing normally, and if you find that its roots are rotting, immediately remove the decayed parts, yellowing or dead leaves, cut off and replant them.

Note: when re-planting, you can add some moist fine sand around the cutting position of its root, so that the safe tree can sprout new roots. At this time, watering is appropriately reduced and more water mist is sprayed. For example, after the safe tree produces new leaves, do fertilization work and increase light. This can quickly promote the growth of the safe tree.

Plant origin

Moving legend

The origin of Ping an Tree has a beautiful and moving legend: it is said that a long time ago, a Tianlong was injured and fell to the present Mangkaman Township in Jiutai City. It was dying because of the sun, drought and lack of rain. After hearing the news, the local people spontaneously came to build an Arbor to protect the dragon from the sun, and took turns to water the dragon every day. 19 days later, after recovering from injury, the dragon rose in the clouds. In order to thank these kind-hearted people for saving their lives and bless their happiness and peace, it threw one of its own dragon balls onto the Hujiaqing Pine Ridge in Jiutai City, and soon the dragon ball became an elm tree. The tree has a long distance between the dragon and the tiger, and it will shed tears in dog days. It is the Thanksgiving tears of Tianlong. Whoever drinks the tears of Thanksgiving will have all his wishes come true. The tree is green in winter, and that is the blessing of Tianlong. Whoever can see it will have all the best.

The meaning of peace

Later, the place where Tianlong was injured was named Longpeng (Jiamang Karongpeng Village), and the tree changed by Longzhu was called Pingan Tree. For hundreds of years, people from all over the country came to worship and beg for peace, family happiness and all the best.

Peace tree implies good wishes such as peace, family happiness and all the best.

Pest control

Anthrax

It mainly harms the leaves of seedling and adult plants. Leaf infection, mostly occurs in the leaf surface, leaf tip, leaf edge, brown, irregular shape, in the later stage often expand or merge into gray-brown spots, the edge of brown, wavy, there are many small black spots on the spot, that is, its conidial disk. Conidia are transmitted by wind and rain, and spore germination invades leaves or seedlings when humidity is high, which is easy to occur in continuous rain, lack of sunlight, soil viscosity or moisture retention in the shed, and is the most popular from February to April.

Prevention and control methods: find a small number of diseased leaves, remove and destroy them in time; increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the growing season to improve plant resistance; at the initial stage of the disease, use 25% carbolin wettable powder 500 times liquid, or 60% carbolin wettable powder 700 times liquid, or 75% methyl topiramate wettable powder 600 times liquid, spray alternately, every 10 to 15 days, 3 to 4 times in a row.

Brown spot disease

It occurred on the new leaves of the plant from April to May, the oval yellow-brown disease spot began to appear on the leaf surface, and then expanded continuously, and there were more small black grains in the disease spot on the front of the leaf, and the back of the disease spot was purple, so that the whole leaf yellowed and withered, causing a large number of fallen leaves of the plant.

Prevention and treatment methods: 1% Bordeaux solution can be used for prevention; a small number of diseased leaves should be removed and burned in time; at the initial stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times, or 50% fungicidal aqua regia 1000 times, alternately sprayed every 10 days, 3 to 4 times in a row.

Brown root disease

The leaves of diseased trees gradually turn yellow and droop, turn brown and dry up in severe cases, the stems lose water and dry up, the roots turn brown and rot, and the diseased plants die in a short time. Diseased roots, diseased soil and residual plants left behind are the initial infection sources of the disease, which are transmitted by wind, rain or contact, usually occurring in a single plant.

Control methods: seriously diseased plants and plants withered due to disease should be uprooted and burned, and disinfected with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times. At the initial stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim methyl should be sprayed. Sulfur suspension 800 times liquid, or 50% Gen Fuling wettable powder 800 times liquid, carry on the prevention and control.

Insect pest

① leaf curl

It mostly occurs in summer and autumn, it curls several new leaves into nests, and the larvae lurk to feed on the leaves, which can be sprayed with 800 times of 90% trichlorfon crystals or 100 times of 40% dimethoate EC.

② aphid

The young leaves and new buds of Cinnamomum cassia are easy to be pierced by aphids, which leads to greasy leaves and coal fouling disease, which affects the growth and display of plants. Control method: after spreading plant ash on the plant, rinse it with clean water; spray neem leaf juice, which can effectively kill insects; spray imidacloprid wettable powder 2000 times.