Culture methods of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Light and temperature

Chrysanthemum likes light very much, and it is also resistant to high temperature and heat, but it is not too cold-resistant, and its most suitable growth temperature is 15 ℃-35 ℃. During its growth period, it is necessary to ensure sufficient sunshine, and it can also grow in a semi-overcast environment. Plenty of sunshine is required.

Soil

The requirement of Chrysanthemum morifolium on the soil is relatively strict, the soil requires loose, breathable and well-drained soil, it should be noted that the ph value of the soil is not acidic, which will not be conducive to plant growth. We can configure the soil that the chrysanthemum needs, or we can go to the flower shop to buy special soil.

Watering and fertilizing

Chrysanthemum still needs a lot of fertilizer, and it is also very resistant to drought and afraid of waterlogging, but we should pay attention to maintaining the humidity around the plant. In general, the principle of fertilization and watering of chrysanthemum should be followed for a small number of times, especially in the growing period. We should fertilize it early, apply more fertilizer such as phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, keep the plant dry after fertilization, and strictly control watering and fertilization when the plant is blooming.

The above is about the introduction of how to raise chrysanthemum. Let's take a look at what we need to pay attention to in chrysanthemum culture.

The cultivation method and maintenance knowledge of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Today, the Flower Bonsai Network shares with you the articles about the cultivation methods and maintenance knowledge of Chrysanthemum morifolium. Let's take a look.

Introduction of Heavenly Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemum morifolium (scientific name: Gaillardia pulchella), also known as tiger skin chrysanthemum, tiger skin chrysanthemum (Shanghai), central chrysanthemum, corncar chrysanthemum, is a plant of the genus Compositae, which is distributed in North America, tropical America and continental America. It is a kind of annual plant with short growth period, which has been introduced and cultivated artificially.

The chrysanthemum is the state flower of Oklahoma and the county flower of Penghu County, Taiwan Province of the Republic of China. Tianren chrysanthemum is resistant to drought and heat, is not cold-resistant, likes sunshine, and is also resistant to semi-shade, so it is suitable for loose soil with good drainage. Chrysanthemum morifolium is a good wind-proof and sand-fixing plant because of its wind resistance, moisture resistance, strong nature and drought resistance. The chrysanthemum is the state flower of Oklahoma and the county flower of Penghu County, Taiwan.

Morphological characteristics of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Chrysanthemum morifolium is an annual herb. The plant is about 20~60cm tall and the whole plant is pilose. Leaves alternate, lanceolate, rectangular-rounded to spatulate, entire or basal leaves pinnatifid. Petaloid, ligulate flower apex yellow, base brownish purple. Flowering in summer and autumn. The cultivated variety of Chrysanthemum morifolium, ligulate flowers and even inflorescence basin-shaped tubular flowers have developed into funnel-shaped flowers, with large flowers and safflower varieties. The flowering period of Tianren chrysanthemum is from July to October, and the fruit ripening period is from August to October. The flower of chrysanthemum belongs to "head inflorescence", "a flower" is actually "a bunch of flowers", because it contains many tongue-shaped flowers and tube-shaped flowers. The outer tongue-shaped flowers are colorful, like a tarmac that attracts insects; the tube-shaped flowers in the middle look like small balls, and when the tongue-shaped flowers wither, this part develops into fruit clusters, and the seeds inside float with the wind and fall to the ground to grow. In addition, the tongue-shaped flowers of some chrysanthemums grow into tubular, seemingly curved trumpets; some varieties of chrysanthemums have bright yellow flowers with a unique rhyme; and the leaves and pilose of chrysanthemums are also worth observing.

Ecological habits of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Chrysanthemum is fond of high temperature, dry and sunny environment. Its salt tolerance is good, strong wind resistance, drought resistance is good, cold resistance is good, negative tolerance is poor. Chrysanthemum originated in North America, resistant to drought and heat, not cold, like the sun, but also resistant to semi-shade, should be well drained loose soil. It is wind-resistant, moisture-resistant, tough and drought-resistant. It is a good wind-proof and sand-fixing plant. In acid soil, it is not only difficult to obtain strong seedlings, but also wither the lower leaves in midsummer, fertilizer should be applied early for rapid growth, and the ratio of phosphorus and potassium should be higher.

Cultivation techniques of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Chrysanthemum morifolium has good cold resistance and has no special requirements for soil, but sandy soil and well-drained soil are most suitable for its growth and do not like to be wet. It has good drought resistance and can grow well in sunny, dry and hot climates. it is commonly found in felt grass fields and miles along roads from summer to late autumn. In horticulture, the further opening of chrysanthemum can be promoted by removing buds. The aboveground part withered in winter, the root stayed underground for the winter, and sprouted again in spring.

Chrysanthemum morifolium can be propagated by sowing, dividing plants and cutting, but the root cutting method needs certain techniques.

Many cultivated species of Chrysanthemum have been selected, mainly those with red and yellow alternating whorl-shaped disk. The flower head of the recently selected cultivated species "Sundance Bicolor" alternates between red and yellow because it is bright and suitable for planting in the sun. the flower pattern of this cultivated species is very similar to that of the genus Chrysanthemum. The Plume species of Chrysanthemum morifolium is of double petal type, similar to that of cornflower.

Sowing and reproduction are often sown in summer, and the substrate used for sowing is disinfected. The best way is to put it in a pan and stir-fry it so that any diseases and insects can be scalded to death. Soak the seeds in warm hot water (the temperature is about the same as facial wash) for 3 to 10 hours until the seeds absorb water and expand. For common seeds that germinate easily, this work does not have to be done. For tiny seeds that are difficult to pick up with hands or other tools, wet one end of the toothpick with water, stick the seeds one by one on the surface of the matrix, cover the substrate 1 cm thick, and then put the seeding pot into the water. The depth of the water is 1 stroke 2 feet 2 tap 3 of the height of the flowerpot, allowing the water to soak up slowly. For larger seeds that can be picked up by hand or other tools, put the seeds directly into the substrate and order them at a distance of 3 × 3 cm. After sowing, the substrate was covered, and the thickness of the cover was 2-3 times that of the seed. After sowing, the sowing matrix can be wet with sprayer and fine hole shower, and then drenched later when the potted soil is slightly dry, but still pay attention not to watering too hard, so as not to wash the seeds up; management after sowing: after the seedlings are unearthed, the film should be opened in time, and let the seedlings receive the sun's light before 9:30 every morning or after 3:30 in the afternoon, otherwise the seedlings will grow very weakly. After most of the seeds come out, they need to plant seedlings properly: pull out the diseased and unhealthy seedlings, so that the seedlings left behind have a certain space between each other; when most of the seedlings grow 3 or more leaves, they can be transplanted into the pot.

The branches used for cutting are called cuttings. Usually combined with the heart-picking work, the sturdy, disease-free top tip is taken as a cuttage, and the top tip is cut directly. After cutting, attention should be paid to the following management: temperature: the optimum temperature for rooting of cuttings is 18 ℃ ~ 25 ℃, which is lower than 18 ℃, and it is difficult and slow for cuttings to take root; when the temperature is higher than 25 ℃, the cuttings are easy to be infected by pathogens and rot, and the higher the temperature, the greater the proportion of rot. When there is a low temperature after cutting, the heat preservation measure is mainly to wrap the flowerpot or container used for cutting with thin film; when the temperature is too high after cutting, the cooling measure is mainly to shade the cuttings, to cover 50-80% of the sun, and at the same time, spray the cuttings 3-5 times a day, with more times of spraying when the temperature is higher in sunny days, lower temperatures and higher temperatures in rainy days, but less or no spraying times. When transplanting seedlings in a pot, first put a coarse-grained matrix or ceramsite 2cm thick at the bottom of the pot as a filter layer, sprinkle a layer of fully mature organic fertilizer as base fertilizer with a thickness of about 1cm to 2cm, and then cover it with a layer of matrix, which is about 1cm thick, and then put in the plant to separate the fertilizer from the root system and avoid burning roots. You can choose one of the following substrates for potting. Vegetable garden soil: slag = 3RU 1; or garden soil: medium coarse river sand: sawdust = 4RU 1RU 2; or one of paddy soil, pond mud, rotten leaf soil. Or peat + perlite + ceramsite = 2 + 2 + 1; vegetable garden soil + slag = 3 + 1; peat + slag + ceramsite = 2 + 2 + 1; sawdust + vermiculite + medium coarse river sand = 2 + 2 + 1. Pour water once after putting on the basin and keep it in a shady environment for a week. When transplanting the seedlings, first dig the planting hole, sprinkle a layer of organic fertilizer at the bottom of the planting hole as the base fertilizer (base fertilizer), the thickness is about 46.6 cm, and then cover a layer of soil and put it into the seedlings to separate the fertilizer from the roots and avoid burning roots. After putting it into the seedling, backfill the soil, cover the root system, and trample the soil with your feet and water it once. Coring is usually carried out twice before flowering to promote the germination of more flowering branches; one to two weeks after potting, or when the seedling is 6-10 cm tall and has more than six leaves, remove the top tip and retain the lower 3-4 leaves to promote branching. After 3-5 weeks of the first coring, or when the lateral branch grows to 6-8 cm long, the second coring is performed, that is, the top tip of the lateral branch is removed and the 4 leaves under the lateral branch are retained. After two coring, the plant type will be more ideal and the number of flowering will be more.

Management and maintenance of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Humidity management likes higher air humidity, and too low air humidity will accelerate the withering of a single flower. Also afraid of rain, need to keep the leaves dry at night. The optimum relative humidity of the air is 65-75%. Temperature management is heat-resistant, not frost-resistant. Light management likes plenty of sunshine and slightly withstands half-shade. Like other grass flowers, Chrysanthemum morifolium requires more fertilizer and water, but it is required to follow the fertilization (water) principle of "light fertilizer, less fertilizer, more times, and complete nutrition". Keep leaves and flowers dry at night: summer and autumn are its peak growing season Fertilizer and water management circulates in the order of "Huabao"-- "Huabao"-- clear water-- "Huabao"-- "Huabao"-- clear water (at least twice a week). After entering the flowering stage, fertilizer should be properly controlled to facilitate seed ripening.

The distribution area of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Chrysanthemum morifolium, which is native to the central United States, is a short-growing annual plant, which has been introduced and cultivated artificially.

Chrysanthemum morifolium is distributed in North America, tropical America and continental America.

Garden use of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Chrysanthemum morifolium is a good sand herb for greening, beautifying and fixing sand. Its flower appearance is enchanting, the color is bright, the florescence is long, the cultivation management is simple, and can be used as the material of flower bed and flower bushes. Tending and management: loam or sandy loam is the best cultivated soil. Drainage, sunshine needs good, if the lack of sunshine, it will affect the poor flowering, fertilization once a month. The suitable temperature for childbearing is 10-25 ℃.

The cultural background of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Penghu County Flower

Heavenly chrysanthemum is the county flower of Penghu County, Taiwan Province, China, which can be found everywhere in Penghu, so Penghu is called Chrysanthemum Island.

The whole plant of Chrysanthemum morifolium has pilose, which can prevent the loss of moisture, which is the main reason why Chrysanthemum can survive in the harsh environment. The leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium are slender, the flowers are yellow and red, a few are golden, the stems of the flowers are long and erect, and the seeds float with the wind and grow on the ground. Can be wind-resistant, drought-resistant, moisture-resistant, natural and tough, is a good wind-proof sand plant.

Because of its strong fecundity and vitality, since its introduction to North America, chrysanthemum has flourished at an alarming rate in the Penghu Islands and the central and northern coasts of Taiwan. Today, the beautiful chrysanthemum has become one of the tourist attractions in Penghu, and it has been chosen as the county flower of Penghu because of its tenacity.

The author: the fishing woodcutter begged for the top flower ling with the strong wind, and the achene stopped everywhere. The reward for the expansion of the field is barbaric, and the florescence is fragrant.

The flowery language of Chrysanthemum

The flower words and symbols of the chrysanthemum represent the meaning of unity and concerted efforts.

How to raise Chrysanthemum morifolium

The plant of Chrysanthemum morifolium is low and compact, with a large number of flowers and a long flowering period. Garden cultivation and horticultural cultivation are all very good. How do you raise chrysanthemum that day? Let's take a look at the growth habits and culture methods of chrysanthemum.

1. Growth habits of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Heavenly chrysanthemum likes semi-shade, and it is suitable for loose soil with good drainage. It is wind-resistant, moisture-resistant, tough and drought-resistant, so it is a good wind-proof and sand-fixing plant.

Annual herbs, about 20~60cm tall, pilose throughout. Leaves alternate, lanceolate, rectangular-rounded to spatulate, entire or basal leaves pinnatifid. Petaloid, ligulate flower apex yellow, base brownish purple. Flowering in summer and autumn. The cultivated variety Chrysanthemum cornflower, ligulate flowers and even inflorescence basin-shaped tubular flowers have developed into funnel-shaped flowers, with large flowers and safflower varieties. The flowering period is from July to October and the fruit ripening stage is from August to October.

Tianren chrysanthemum is resistant to drought and heat, is not cold-resistant, likes sunshine, and is also resistant to semi-shade, so it is suitable for loose soil with good drainage. It is wind-resistant, moisture-resistant, tough and drought-resistant. It is a good wind-proof and sand-fixing plant. In acid soil, it is not only difficult to obtain strong seedlings, but also wither the lower leaves in midsummer, fertilizer should be applied early for rapid growth, and the ratio of phosphorus and potassium should be higher.

2. Culture methods of Chrysanthemum morifolium

1. Habits: chrysanthemum is heat-resistant, drought-resistant and cold-resistant, likes yang, avoids waterlogging, and has a long growth period.

2. Propagation: Chrysanthemum morifolium is usually propagated by sowing, cutting, ramet and so on. Sowing can be carried out in both spring and autumn. The seeds emerge in 10-15 days under the condition of 20 ℃, and transplant when they reach 6 true leaves. Ramet propagation can also be carried out in spring and autumn, and healthy plants can be divided into several clumps from the base with quantitative whisker roots and planted in time. Cutting is divided into Greenwood cuttings and root cuttings. Green wood cuttings are better for early summer twigs, and when roots are cut off from the root neck in summer, about 15~20cm roots are cut off, and new plants are planted.

3. Cultivation: in the cultivation measures, Chrysanthemum morifolium should pay attention to applying sufficient basic fertilizer, spraying flower fertilizer, opening ditches and reducing stains, picking hearts and promoting the development of residual flowers in time, so as to promote growth and development. Plant spacing, 30~40cm or 50~60cm.

4. Management of florescence: the matrix should be kept moist during the flowering period of Chrysanthemum morifolium. Lack of water will shorten the florescence. Especially in the full bloom, timely targeted replenishment of water, to keep the perennial root Chrysanthemum moist.

The above is the sharing of the growth habits and breeding methods of Chrysanthemum morifolium. The adaptability and reproductive ability of Chrysanthemum morifolium are very strong, and it is relatively simple to raise them. I hope it will be helpful to everyone.

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