Conservation methods of rhododendron

1. Sunshine

If you want the cuckoo to blossom normally, you should ensure sufficient light, but do not be exposed to strong light. Azaleas like shady places, so you can avoid sunburn and do some shading treatment properly, which is more conducive to the growth of rhododendrons.

two。 Temperature

The temperature can easily affect the flowering of rhododendron, which should not be too high or too low, it is best to keep it at 20 ℃, move indoors in late autumn and mid-October, and keep it in a sunny place in winter, and the temperature should not be lower than 5 ℃, otherwise it will stop growing.

3. Pick flower buds

In the first few years of cultivation, rhododendron can take off its buds before flowering to speed up the formation of its stem skeleton and promote the growth of branches.

All right, the above is the flowering period and maintenance methods of azaleas, we must enjoy the flowers when the cuckoos are in full bloom.

The cultivation method of azaleas how to preserve azaleas?

Rhododendron is one of the top ten famous flowers in China. Among the ornamental flowers, rhododendron can be called beautiful flowers, beautiful leaves, suitable for soil culture and potted plants, and is the most widely used ornamental flower. There are many categories of azaleas. Most varieties have low plants and natural shape, while a few varieties are tall and majestic with whirling branches and leaves. There are many colors, depending on the variety, there are lilac, sprinkle gold, some have two colors, some flowers have aroma. The capsule is dark brown when mature, and the seeds are dark yellow and fine. According to the different florescence, it can be divided into four categories: spring cuckoo, summer cuckoo, spring and summer cuckoo and western rhododendron. So how to raise cuckoos? Today, the editor will take you to learn how to grow cuckoos.

1. Soil

In general, the cultivation methods of plants and flowers are inseparable from the good soil environment, and the soil environment is more important for the cultivation methods of azaleas. There are many methods for the cultivation of rhododendron culture soil, due to different varieties, but the most important thing is to have the following conditions: loose, unobstructed drainage, good ventilation, acidic soil, rich humus and sufficient base fertilizer.

Second, watering

As we all know, watering is a very important work, and the skill of watering is very important for the cultivation of azaleas. Because of the thin roots of azaleas, we should pay attention to not too much and certainly not too little when watering, as long as it is appropriate. And the watering time is best in the morning and evening, which is good for azaleas to absorb water.

III. Fertilization

Azalea is a very atmospheric flower, she does not need too much fertilizer to grow, so be careful not to fertilize too much, too much fertilizer will make it difficult for azaleas to absorb and die, proper fertilization can make azaleas grow well and bloom beautifully.

Fourth, sunshine

Rhododendron culture method is also a very important and indispensable is the absorption of sunlight, for plants and flowers, it is necessary to promote photosynthesis. Therefore, the growth of azaleas is also inseparable from the sun, but can not be exposed to the sun all day, suitable sunshine can make azaleas bloom more beautiful and moving.

V. matters needing attention

1. The roots of azaleas are as thin as hair, and there are few thick taproots. They are afraid of both dry and wet, especially heavy fertilizer. If too much watering, the root is soaked in water, too dry, branches and leaves atrophy, leaf petal fall off, a great threat to the plant, as for watering heavy fertilizer, it will be life-threatening.

2. after the flower fade, the residual flowers must be cut off to avoid fruiting and wasting nutrition. after the new branches germinate, they should be thinned properly and stay according to the growth of the plant.

3. Rhododendron is most suitable to be planted in muddy basin, because the mud basin absorbs water and breathes air, which is beneficial to the growth and development of roots and luxuriant branches and leaves.

4. Potted azaleas should be placed on the southeast balcony and should be ventilated and moved as little as possible. If it is not ventilated, it is easy to suffer from black spot disease and a large number of fallen leaves.

5. Cuckoos should also have moderate requirements for light, and avoid direct light in summer. Fertilization should grasp the application of thin fertilizer frequently, can be light but not strong, and apply organic compound fertilizer on the basin soil once a month. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed every 10 days for extra-root fertilization. Timely watering, you can also put edible vinegar in the water to increase acidity.

6. timely thinning of buds and leaves, removing part of the buds and leaves that have grown too much and too dense, so that the air is well ventilated and nutrients are concentrated on the buds. After the formation of buds, it is necessary to increase nutrition and apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, otherwise the buds will be transformed into leaf buds.

7. The main reasons for azaleas falling leaves and not blooming are: too much direct light in summer, frostbite, too much watering, too thick fertilization, too long indoor time, poor air circulation or dark and humid places, acid rain, and so on. so these situations should be avoided in the process of maintenance.

8. Turning the basin and changing the soil do not need to be carried out every year, usually once every 2 to 3 years, with as little damage to the roots as possible. The time should be after the blossom fade or in autumn, and topirazine should be sprayed at the same time to prevent diseases.

9. The pests of azaleas are mainly red spiders and aphids, which can be sprayed with permethrin, and the effect is better, such as not dying after three days, spray again. The disease is mainly black spot, which is caused by muggy environment and lack of light. Measures can be taken to promote air circulation on the one hand and spray Bordeaux solution and carbendazim on the other.

10. The propagation method of rhododendron is mainly cutting. Before and after Grain in Beard, select new branches, 5 cm to 10 cm long, cut off at the bifurcation point, peel off the lower leaves, leave 3 to 4 top leaves, insert the 1x3 of the branches into the soil, spray enough water, and cover with plastic film. It is necessary to strengthen the management at ordinary times and transplant a year later.

The above is the maintenance method of rhododendron introduced by the succulent garden. I hope it can be helpful to you. Welcome to continue to pay attention to the succulent garden and learn more about the conservation of azaleas!

Culture methods of Rhododendron in Rhododendron Culture

The cultivation method of azaleas and how to cultivate beautiful azaleas.

Brief introduction of Azalea

One of the top ten famous flowers in China. Among all the ornamental flowers and trees, it can be called flowers, leaves and beauty, suitable for both ground and potted plants, and the most widely used. Bai Juyi praised and said, "if you take a closer look at the two branches in your hand, it doesn't seem to be in the human world. This thing in the flower is Xi Shi, and the whip Rong peony is the mother." In the natural distribution of azaleas in the world, there are so many species and huge quantities that none of them can compete with Chinese azaleas. China is the treasure house of rhododendron resources in the world! Today, in Jiangxi, Anhui and Guizhou, rhododendron is the provincial flower, and as many as seven or eight cities are designated as city flowers.

It is one of the top ten famous flowers in China. Rhododendron can be said to have beautiful flowers, beautiful leaves and a wide range of uses. As one of the most famous flowers in the world, it is a small shrub in the rhododendron family, with evergreen and deciduous leaves. Rhododendrons are distributed all over the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. Among the more than 900 varieties in the world, there are nearly 600 in China, so the rhododendron has been selected by some enthusiasts as one of the candidate national flowers in China. The colorful azaleas evoke people's warm and beautiful feelings for life, and it also symbolizes the prosperity of the country and the happy life of the people. This is the true meaning of our people's love for cuckoos. Therefore, rhododendron has become the city flower of many cities in China, and it is also the national flower of many countries. It is very beautiful, tubular flowers, with crimson, light red, rose, purple, white and other colors. When the azaleas bloom in spring, the mountains are bright, like rosy clouds around the forest, worthy of the "beauty in the flowers".

2. It has many classifications. Most varieties have low plants and natural shape, while a few varieties are tall and majestic with whirling branches and leaves. Low varieties have many branches, thin and dense branches, young branches hairy, brown or brown. Flowers solitary or in racemes, Corolla campanulate, tubular or broadly funnelform, usually 5-lobed. There are many colors, depending on the variety, there are lilac, sprinkle gold, some have two colors, some flowers have aroma. The capsule is dark brown when mature, and the seeds are dark yellow and fine. According to the different florescence, it can be divided into four categories: spring cuckoo, summer cuckoo, spring and summer cuckoo and western rhododendron.

3. Its living environment. Cuckoos like semi-shady environment, avoid direct exposure to the scorching sun, like cold and humid climate, afraid of hot and dry weather, like acidic soil and water, avoid alkalinity, like loose light loam rich in humus, afraid of clay soil with poor drainage, like light fertilizer water, and avoid applying thick fertilizer water. It has certain requirements for light, but it is not resistant to exposure. There should be deciduous trees or shade in summer and autumn to cover the scorching sun, and the ground is often sprayed with water. Rhododendron shoots are usually in spring and autumn, mainly spring shoots. The most suitable temperature for growth is 15-20 ℃. When the temperature is over 30 ℃ or below 5 ℃, the growth is stagnant. At the same time, it is also resistant to pruning, and hidden buds are easy to germinate after stimulation, which can be used to control the shape of the tree and rejuvenate the tree.

What kind of soil is rhododendron suitable for?

The choice of soil is very important for the growth and development of rhododendron. There are many methods for the cultivation of rhododendron, which vary from variety to variety, but they must have the following conditions: loose, unobstructed drainage, good ventilation, acidic soil, rich humus and sufficient base fertilizer. Usually azaleas thrive when living in acidic loam. If they are in alkaline soil, they soon die of leaf yellow exhaustion. Rhododendron is regarded as an indicator of acidic soil. Generally speaking, rotten leaf soil belongs to acid soil, and pine leaf humus soil is the best, which is an ideal culture soil for planting rhododendron. You can dig under the pine and cypress forest in the mountain area, or you can take soil under the ground where there are many pine and cypress trees in the courtyard. And add appropriate amount of sulfur powder and alum before use to improve its acidity before use. The soil with high humus content is the most suitable for the growth of rhododendron. There is a lot of humus, which can replenish the nutrients in the soil in time, improve the soil structure, preserve soil water, keep fertilizer, aerate, absorb heat and keep heat. It can also reduce the harm of toxic substances in the soil and promote the root system of rhododendron to expand in all directions.

Tongguanshan in Yixing, Jiangsu Province and Montenegro mud, a new product in Fenghua, Zhejiang Province, are most suitable for the growth and development of rhododendron. The cultivated soil can also be self-made. Take 2 parts of weathered mountain topsoil, 1 part of deciduous leaves, 1 part of dry dung of herbivores, mix for 1 year, sift out impurities, and then use. It can also be piled up with 3 parts of mountain skin soil, 3 parts of horse dung, 3 parts of deciduous weeds and 1 part of human feces and urine, which can be screened and used after 1-2 years. The prepared culture soil should be stored indoors to prevent fertility loss due to sun and rain.

What should be paid attention to when turning the azaleas into pots?

Azalea cuttings should be put on the pot if they survive. In flowerpots, mud pots with good permeability are the best, purple sand pots are the second, and glaze pots and porcelain pots are the worst. When going up the pot, you should pay attention to the size of the flowerpot and avoid small seedlings with large pots. If the basin is too large and the basin soil does not exist for a long time, the ventilation will be bad, and the root system is not easy to reach the basin wall, affecting the development of seedlings. General cuttings can choose a mud pot with a diameter of about 10 centimeters, and then turn into a flowerpot on the left side of 15 centimeters a year later. When going up the basin, you should pay attention to do a good job of the drainage layer, first cover the drainage hole with tiles, and then put in the coarse soil particles of 1 big 3, and add a little fine soil. Then put the cuckoo seedlings in, straighten the seedlings with one hand, and fill the pot with the other. Fill can only be filled to 2 cm below the mouth of the basin, not too full, so that it can be watered in the future. Finally, fill the pot around and shake the flowerpot to make the basin flat. After planting, use a spray can to water it once. Note that when boiling water, it must be poured until the bottom of the basin has water seeping out. If the watering is impenetrable, only scratch the decaying layer but not the inner layer, it will dry the potted flowers to death.

There are two situations in which azaleas need to be turned over. First, the seedlings grow up and the roots are full of potted soil, so it is necessary to expand the extension range of Genkang. At ordinary times, you should pay attention to whether there is a root protruding from the drainage hole at the bottom of the basin, and turn the plant into the big basin from the small basin. Second, after the potted flowers grow for 2-3 years, the bloated content of the potted soil is exhausted. In order to supplement nutrients and improve the soil, it is necessary to replace the potted soil.

The turning of azaleas is usually carried out after climbing flowers or before budding in autumn. When turning the basin, remove part of the lodging soil and pay attention to trimming the root with a sharp cut. Old roots are those that grow poorly and are blackened and shriveled. But it should be noted that when the seedlings are turned over, the roots can not be trimmed. When turning the pot, you should pay attention to the root with a soil ball. After putting on the basin, you should also pay attention to the first watering and let it dry in the next few days. If it is too wet, the root cut will rot. Usually it can not be irrigated normally until the new root grows. If you turn the pot in autumn, it is best to do it in October. Although azaleas like to be cold and cool, they should pay attention to heat preservation after turning the pot for the winter. If there is no greenhouse, you can build a shed in the south-facing sun-ventilated place and cover it with plastic film to make it through the winter safely. Rhododendron pot, generally small seedlings turn once a year, big rhododendrons turn the pot once in 2-3 years.

How to water the azaleas?

Watering azaleas is a very important task. Because the root system of rhododendron is relatively weak, both waterlogging and drought tolerance, too dry or too wet are disadvantageous to plant growth, so special attention should be paid to water control. If there is a lack of water during the leaf expansion period, the leaves of the azaleas will turn yellow and curl. If they dry badly, they will die. If there is a lack of water when blooming, the petals will be soft and shrivelled, the flowers will droop, the colors will not be bright, and even the flowers will wither and die. Therefore, it must be watered according to the weather, dry and wet air, water content of basin soil and so on.

Watering time should be in the morning and evening, especially in the hot summer is not suitable for watering at noon. Because the roots are stimulated by cold water, the flowers will be hurt. Watering principle is not dry do not water, watering must be thoroughly, strictly prevent half of the water. Spring and autumn are the growth, flowering and budding periods of azaleas. The water supply should be more appropriate, but the flowering period should not be watered too much. Water will make the flowers wither as soon as possible. In general, spring and autumn can be watered every 2-3 days. New shoots sprout in summer, grow vigorously, consume a lot of water, coupled with high temperature and dry air, need to be watered 1-2 times a day. If it hasn't rained for a few days and the air is dry, use a fine-eye spray can to spray water on the flowers and leaves, and spray some on the ground around the flowerpot to increase the air humidity. In the case of Huangmei or rainy days, stop watering and drain the stagnant water from the basin in time. Although the temperature decreases after autumn, the air is dry and the evaporation is still very large, and the basin soil should be often watered to keep the soil moist. During flower bud differentiation, the amount of water should be properly controlled to promote the formation of flower buds. After October, the flowerpot enters the room, the amount of water should be reduced as appropriate, the water content in the branches is less, and the plant tissue is well developed, which can increase the ability of cold resistance. At this time, keep the basin soil a little wet.

How to treat the water quality when watering azaleas?

When watering azaleas, you should pay special attention to the water quality. It is best to use natural Rain Water for water, because natural Rain Water does not contain drugs and impurities such as bleach. The second is river water and pond water, and the third is tap water. Tap water is purified soft water, which contains bleaching powder, liquid chlorine, alum and other chemicals. If this kind of water is used for a long time, it will gradually increase the alkalinity in the basin soil, which is not conducive to the growth of azaleas. Therefore, the water quality must be treated before use. The treatment is to acidify it. Water with neutral or alkaline water quality should be prepared into acidic water. The usual method is to acidify water with ferrous sulfate (green alum) and edible vinegar. If the water quality is too alkaline, ferrous sulfate and edible vinegar can be used together, and the specific dosage can be prepared according to the pH value of water, ferrous sulfate and vinegar. The simple method is to irrigate an aqueous solution containing 0.1%-0.5% ferrous sulfate for a long time, or sprinkle a little ferrous sulfate on the basin surface for 10-15 days. An aqueous solution containing 0.5%-1% vinegar can also be irrigated once in 10-15 days. Watering can also use tap water and well water after drying treatment. Drying water can reduce the harm of harmful ions in tap water, increase the water temperature of well water, eliminate the temperature difference between water and basin soil, and facilitate root absorption. 0.15% ferrous sulfate is also added when using tap water. When watering, it is more beneficial if it can be irrigated alternately with mature fertilizer liquid water. Because the common use of these two kinds of water can not only maintain a certain acidity of the basin soil, but also provide certain nutrients, which is suitable for the growth of azaleas.

How should azaleas be fertilized?

Rhododendron is a kind of flower that does not need big fertilizer. If the fertilizer is applied too much or too thick, it will be harmful to its growth. But this does not mean that it should not be fertilized, but that it should bloom more and more, and that the sky should apply some fertilizer at the right time and in the right amount. Therefore, flower growers summed up eight words of experience in fertilization: "less dry fertilizer, less liquid fertilizer". This is very appropriate and worthy of reference by florists. In general, 1. 2-year-old seedlings do not need to apply fertilizer, because the fertility contained in humus soil is enough to meet the needs of seedling growth and development. For 2-3-year-old plantlets, thin cake fertilizer or thin alum fertilizer and water can be applied every 10-15 days from late spring or tough summer. Plants more than 4 years old can apply about 20 grams of biscuit fertilizer in spring and autumn each year. In the middle of June, available phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied once to promote flower bud differentiation. Fertilization can be stopped after June. After the flower fade, it is the time for the new branch to grow, you can apply a slightly higher concentration of liquid fertilizer, but must not be too thick, do not apply raw fertilizer, otherwise it will damage the root system. Excessive fertilization in summer will make the old leaves fall off and the new ones turn yellow. It is particularly noteworthy that the deviation of azaleas planted at home is not due to lack of fertilizer, but to the damage caused by excessive fertilization. If the leaves are withered and yellow due to excessive fertilizer, the application of fertilizer should be stopped immediately, dry fertilizer should be removed, and more water should be watered to remove the fertilizer in the remaining soil, and some should be washed twice after pouring. In this way, it can grow normally gradually after half a year.

If there is no anomaly in summer, the cuckoo will begin the second period of vigorous growth after the Beginning of Autumn. In this short period of time, the dilute solution of phosphate fertilizer such as calcium superphosphate can be applied 1-2 times to meet the needs of plant growth and bud pregnancy. After each fertilization, fresh water should be irrigated every 2 days, and the basin soil should be planed loose once to make the basin soil fully ventilated. After the beginning of winter, as the weather gets colder and the plants stop growing, fertilization should stop immediately. If you do not stop fertilizing, make the plant sprout tender leaves, but will make it difficult for cuckoos to survive the winter, do not be careless.

How to prune azaleas?

Rhododendron has a strong ability to germinate and regenerate. After the flower fades every 1-2 years, it is necessary to change a larger flowerpot and replace it with new culture soil. Experienced flower growers often combine pruning and shaping at the same time when changing pots to consciously prune a beautiful tree. When carrying out sulfur shearing, dense branches, cross branches, slender branches, drooping branches, overgrown branches and disease and insect branches should be cut off, which is not only for the beauty of the tree type, but also to improve the conditions of ventilation and light transmission, and to save nutrients and make the main branches strong. In order to sprout new shoots as soon as possible, so that the coming year can achieve the purpose of more flowers, large flowers and colorful flowers.

After the azalea blooms, its remaining flowers often do not fall for a long time, which will consume a lot of nutrients. In order not to let the nutrients be consumed in vain, the remaining flowers should be picked in time to allow the nutrients to supply the needs of the germination of new skills. In addition, the shorter plants of summer cuckoo, long with a lot of transverse branches, every spring plum, the roots of the branches will sprout a lot of branchlets, in order to make nutrients concentrated supply main branches and flowers, let it grow faster, bigger gills, should also be timely cut off these branchlets. If there are too many flowers, in addition to keeping each branch for a long time, the rest of the flowers should also be removed. Which tree type is good to trim, this can be decided according to their preferences, umbrella shape, circle, semicircle, pagoda shape, square, etc., can be arbitrarily selected, and then deliberately pruned.

How do rhododendrons propagate?

Rhododendron propagation, can be used cutting, grafting, layering, sub-plant, sowing five methods, of which cutting is the most common, the largest amount of propagation; layering into seedlings the fastest, grafting propagation is the most complex, only cutting is not easy to survive the varieties with grafting, sowing mainly with cultivated varieties.

Cuttage propagation, cuttage pots to 20 cm diameter of the new shallow pot as well, because of its good permeability, easy to root. Culturing soil mixed with 20% humus garden soil, 40% horse dung and 40% river sand can be used as substrate. Cutting time in spring (May) and autumn (October) best, when the temperature between 20-25℃, the most suitable cutting. When cutting, select the half-lignified branches of the current year as cuttings, press the knife with extremely sharp pliers; cut 6-10 cm with nodes, cut smoothly and neatly, cut off the lower leaves, leaving only 3-4 leaflets at the top. Buy vitamin B12 injection 1, after opening, the cuttings dipped in the liquid medicine, take out for a while can be cut. Before insertion, the culture soil in the pot should be sprayed with a watering can the day before, but it should not be sprayed too much. The next day, it is just moist, which is most suitable for cuttage. The depth of insertion is 3-4 cm. When planting, first save a hole in the soil with chopsticks, then insert the cuttings, compact them with hands, make the pot soil fully contact with the cuttings, and then pour water once. After inserting, the flowerpot had better be covered with a plastic bag, and the bag mouth should be tied with a belt. When watering is needed, open it again, and tie it again after watering. Cuttings of the pot should be placed in the direct sun without sunlight, cuttage pot soil every day within 10 days to spray water, in addition to rainy days, cloudy days can be sprayed once, dry climate should spray twice, but the amount of water should not be too much every day. 10 days later, always pay attention to keeping the soil moist. 4-5 Shed during the week, until after germination can gradually let it receive some sunlight. It usually takes about 2 months to root. After that, it only needs shade for 2-3 hours at noon, and the rest of the time can be allowed to receive light to facilitate its own production of nutrients in photosynthesis.

How do rhododendrons propagate by layering?

Rhododendron layering propagation is also one of the commonly used propagation methods, generally using high-tech layering. Azalea layering is usually carried out between April and May. The specific operation method is as follows: firstly, taking 2-3-year-old robust branches from the mother plant of potted rhododendron, cutting a circle of about 1 cm wide branch bark with a sharp knife at the position 10-12 cm away from the top of the branch, gently peeling off the sieve tube of phloem, cutting off the channels for downward transportation of organic substances produced by leaves, and gathering them to accelerate cell division and form tumor-shaped protrusions for germination of root buds. Then use a rectangular plastic film to loosely wrap two circles, fasten it with a string at the lower end of the circular incision 2-3 cm, leave the upper end of the plastic film open into a trumpet bag shape, fill it with wet soil and a little moss, tighten the upper end of the bag shape, and move the flowerpot to a place where the sunlight is not direct for daily management. When watering, spray water on the leaves, let the water flow down along the branches, slowly penetrate into the bag, keep the soil in the bag often moist, so as to facilitate the wound healing on the branches, so that new roots can sprout early. About 3-4 months after the roots grow to 2-3 cm long, you can cut off the branches, so that it leaves the mother plant, planted in the new pot soil.

How do rhododendrons breed?

Sowing is sexual reproduction. Due to the low seed setting rate of natural hybridization, artificial pollination is generally carried out to improve the seed setting rate of Rhododendron and obtain more seeds. The main method is to select healthy female parent with good growth and beautiful color when azaleas are in full bloom, move to greenhouse, select 3-4 flowers with big flowers and early flowering in each pot, pick stamens and new buds near flowers, so as to concentrate nutrients, and when mucus appears on flower stigma, dip pollen of male parent with new brush and paint it several times. A week after pollination, the flowerpot will be moved to the outside, strengthen water, fertilizer management, after about 5-6 months of growth and development, to 11 - 12 months can see the fruit gradually from green to brown, the seeds will be mature. Then they will be picked, let it dry, Yang net, placed in a cool and ventilated place.

Rhododendron seeds are very small, not suitable for long-term storage, otherwise the germination rate is low. Evergreen rhododendron seeds should be sown as they are picked and planted in pots in greenhouses; deciduous rhododendron seeds can be sown next spring.

Sowing pots should be shallow earthen pots, sowing soil, can be dug in the back of the hillside surface with moss loose topsoil, pick up stone particles, it is best to use 40% formalin plus 100 times water diluent spray once, disinfection, and then dry. It can also be steamed in steam for 15-25 minutes for disinfection, and then dried to semi-dry. Before sowing, the shallow basin will be watered first, put a layer of about 2 cm charcoal chips in the bottom layer, and then spread a layer of 5-6 cm thick disinfectant soil, scrape flat, slightly compacted, and then evenly divide the seeds on the top, gently press a pressure, do not use a watering can spray water, it is best to use the method of soaking the basin. Cover it with a glass and move it into the greenhouse. When the surface of the basin soil is dry, spray some water in a mist, but not too much. Keep the basin soil moist.

After sowing, it usually takes 5-6 weeks to germinate. When the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, they can be gently sandwiched with small bamboo chips and planted in other pots. Don't plant them too densely. They should be sparse. After planting, they should be shaded by reed mats. Do not let the sun shine directly or let rain fall. When the seedlings are young, do not fertilize, wait until the seedlings grow to nearly 10 cm high in the second year, and then start watering and applying thin fertilizer; generally from late spring to early autumn of the second year, they can be planted separately. In the third year, when the seedlings grow to 20 cm high, if they sprout well, a few seedlings can bloom.

What are the common diseases of azaleas? How to prevent?

Rhododendron diseases mainly include root rot, brown spot, black spot, leaf blight, iron deficiency chlorosis and so on.

Rhododendron suffering from root disease, weak growth, leaf wilting, dry, root surface appears water-stained brown field, serious soft rot, gradually decayed peeling, xylem black. This disease occurs most easily in environments with high temperatures and humidity.

The control method is to disinfect the soil strictly before turning over the pot, and keep the soil loose and moist, so that it has good permeability and avoid ponding. If a diseased plant is found, it is necessary to deal with the diseased plant and the pot soil in time. Treatment, available 0.1% potassium permanganate aqueous solution or 2% ferrous sulfate leaching diseased plants, and then washed with water after re-basin. With 70% of Tobucine wettable powder plus 1000 times water solution spray basin soil, can cure.

Brown spot is a major disease of azalea. At the beginning of the disease, brown spots appear on the leaves, gradually develop into irregular large spots, and many black or gray-brown spots appear on the diseased spots, which make the affected leaves yellow and fall off, affecting the flowering of the current year and the development of flower buds in the next year. This disease often occurs during the rainy season when humidity is high.

The treatment method is to pay attention to ventilation and light transmission of plants at ordinary times, not to make humidity too large, and to increase the application of organic fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer to enhance the plant's ability to resist infection and growth. If the diseased leaves are found, they should be removed in time and burned in a concentrated manner. At the early stage of disease occurrence, 0.5% Bordeaux mixture or 0.4 Baume stone sulfur mixture was sprayed, and 4% flour was added to increase adhesion. Leaf spot disease, black spot disease can also be treated with the same method.

Iron deficiency chlorosis often occurs in areas with alkaline soil. When the disease is mild, only late greening of plants occurs; when it is severe, leaf tissues can all turn yellow and leaf edges are withered. When the disease occurs, the most obvious expression is on the leaves of the top of the plant, which is generally caused by internal iron deficiency.

The control method is to change the nature of iron deficiency in soil and reduce soil alkalinity. Improving clayey soil by applying organic fertilizer. 0.2%-0.3% ferrous sulfate solution can be sprayed directly on iron deficient plants. Can also use chopsticks to poke a few deep 15 cm left holes in the soil around the plant, slowly inject with 1:30 ferrous sulfate aqueous solution, fill the holes to increase soil acidity and reduce alkalinity.

The incidence and environmental conditions of azalea black spot are similar to brown spot, and similar methods can be used to control it.

What are the common pests of azaleas? How to prevent?

Azalea common pests are: red spiders, military with insects, aphids, short must snail and so on. Red spiders are tiny, but they do serious harm to rhododendrons. This kind of pest is most likely to occur in high-rise buildings.

The control method is to kill artificially. Pesticide available 5 degrees of sulfur mixture spray music, but also available walnut leaves, central bamboo leaves, penny each equal throw broken soak juice, diluted with water after 11 sprinkle, with 1000 letter water dichlorvos spray kill is also a good way.

The adult of the army insect is small and flat, about 4 mm long and black. It is the most serious pest to evergreen rhododendron. It often stings and sucks leaf sap behind the leaves. Yellow-white spots appear on the leaves of the injured places, causing the leaves to fall off, causing the tree to weaken and affecting the growth and flowering. Azaleas in greenhouses are prone to this insect.

The main method of prevention and control is to spray with drugs. 90% trichlorfon technical 1000 times solution or 40% omethoate EC 1500 times solution or 50% fenitrothion emulsion 1000-1500 times solution spraying control.

Aphids mainly harm azalea young branches and leaves, light can make leaves lose green, heavy leaves curl, harden and brittle, can not absorb nutrients, affect flowering.

The control method is to pay special attention to aphids in winter. After winter, you can spray 5 degrees of stone sulfur mixture on the plants to eliminate overwintering eggs, shovel weeds near flowers and eliminate insect sources. In the aphid damage period, with 40% dimethoate or omethoate plus 1200 times water solution for continuous spraying, 3-4 times can be effective.

The short-barked cuckoo is one of the important pests of rhododendron. It often sucks sap near the main vein on the back of leaves, forming many oily fields on the back of leaves, and finally causing leaves to fall off. This insect is obovate, about 0.3 mm long, flat, red, dark red, wood red, irregular black spots on the back and irregular black patches on the side. This insect is most common in summer when the weather is hot and dry, and the rainfall decreases immediately.

The control method is to spray the mixture of 0.5 degrees of stone sulfur and 25% insecticide swelling agent 500 times in the middle and late October and early spring March respectively.