Culture method of Liquidambar formosana

The price of 5 cm Liquidambar formosana is 35 yuan per plant, 6 cm 50 yuan per plant, 7 cm 90 yuan, 8 cm 150 yuan, 10 cm 260 yuan, 12 cm 400 yuan, 15 cm 800 yuan per plant. The specific price is still based on the local seedling market, and the above prices are for your reference only. Let's take a look at how it should be raised.

How to raise Liquidambar formosana in North America, the breeding methods and matters needing attention of Liquidambar formosana

Liquidambar formosana is native to North America and later used as a hedge in large gardens. Liquidambar formosana is one of the commonly used garden ornamental trees because of its relatively fast growth rate and unique flower pattern. So, let's learn about how to raise Liquidambar formosana in North America, how to cultivate it and what to pay attention to.

How to raise Liquidambar formosana in North America, the breeding methods and precautions of North American Liquidambar formosana:

1. Growth habits: Liquidambar formosana likes light, and it is better to be planted in wet, well-drained acidic soil. Because of the strong adaptability of Liquidambar formosana, it is best to be planted in fertile and moist clay slightly acidic soil.

2. Field management: North American Liquidambar formosana species grow rapidly in moist and drained soil, and growers should replenish water in time when the weather is dry. North American Liquidambar formosana in the seedling growth period is generally in May-August, growers should timely supplement water management, keep the soil water holding capacity at 50%, 60%; in July-August, water consumption should be increased to 70%, 75%. Generally, in the rainy season, growers should remove stagnant water in time to prevent the root rot of Liquidambar formosana.

3. Fertilization management: after the seedlings of Liquidambar formosana survived, the growers should top fertilize in time. For trees planted in fertile soil, topdressing should be carried out every one month. The growers should apply nitrogen fertilizer mainly in the early stage, and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the later stage, which can effectively promote the sturdy seedlings and root growth. Generally, 20-30 kg of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer or 250-300 kg of mature organic fertilizer are applied per mu.

The above is how to raise North American Liquidambar formosana, the breeding methods and matters needing attention of North American Liquidambar formosana, the growers should be carefully managed, and at the same time, they should loosen the soil and weed in time during the seedling growth. North American Liquidambar formosana is a very beautiful garden, which can improve the ornamental value.

Liquidambar formosana Hance Liquidambar formosana Like warm and humid climate, like light, drought resistance barren. It is found in the provinces south of Qinling and Huaihe in China. It is also found in northern Vietnam, Laos, and southern Korea. Resin for medicinal use, can detoxify pain, hemostasis and granulation; roots, leaves and fruits are also used in medicine, there are Qufeng dehumidification, Tongluo blood circulation effect. The wood is slightly harder and can be used for furniture and packing of valuable goods. Liquidambar formosana Hance, deciduous tree, up to 30 meters, DBH up to 1 meter, bark grayish brown. Like warm and humid climate, like light, drought resistance barren. It is found in the provinces south of Qinling and Huaihe in China. It is also found in northern Vietnam, Laos, and southern Korea. Resin for medicinal use, can detoxify pain, hemostasis and granulation; roots, leaves and fruits are also used in medicine, there are Qufeng dehumidification, Tongluo blood circulation effect. The wood is slightly harder and can be used for furniture and packing of valuable goods. Liquidambar tree morphological characteristics branches Liquidambar tree for deciduous trees, up to 30 meters, DBH up to 1 meter, bark grayish brown, square-shaped peeling; small branches gray, pilose, slightly dermatome; bud ovate, about 1 cm long, slightly hairy, scaly bracts coated with resin, dry brown black, shiny. Leaves thinly leathery, broadly ovate, palmate-3-lobed, central lobe longer, apex caudate-acuminate; bilateral lobes spreading; base cordate; upper green, grayish green after drying, not shiny; lower pubescent, or bald, hairy only between axils of veins; palmate veins 3-5, prominent on both upper and lower surfaces, reticulate veins clearly visible; margin serrate, tips of teeth glandular; petiole 11 cm long, often pubescent; Stipules linear, free, or slightly associated with petiole, 1-1.4 cm long, reddish brown, hairy, caducous. The male spikes of Liquidambar formosana are often arranged racemose, stamens numerous, filaments unequal in length, anthers slightly shorter than filaments. Female capitulum has 24-43 flowers, peduncle 3-6 cm long, occasionally lenticular, glandless; calyx teeth 4-7, needle-shaped, 4-8 mm long, ovary lower half hidden in capitulum axis, upper half free, pilose, style 6-10 mm long, apex often curly. Fruit Liquidambar is capitate infructescence globose, woody, 3-4 cm in diam.; capsule lower half enclosed in rachis, with persistent style and needle-like calyx teeth. Seeds numerous, brown, polygonal or narrowly winged. Liquidambar tree ecological habits Liquidambar tree like warm and humid climate, like light, saplings slightly tolerant shade, drought resistant barren soil, waterlogging resistance. Most of them are born on flat land, near villages, and in secondary forests in low mountains. It grows well on moist fertile and deep red and yellow loam soil. Deep-rooted, thick and long taproot, strong wind resistance, not resistant to transplantation and pruning. Seeds have the habit of germination every other year, not cold, north of the Yellow River can not be exposed to winter, not tolerant of salt and drought. In Hainan Island, the dominant species often form secondary forests. They are fire-resistant and have strong sprouting power. The cultivation techniques of Liquidambar formosana seed collection in the seed collection should be selected to grow more than 10 years, no diseases and insect pests occur, grow strong, trunk straight dominant trees as seed mother trees. Liquidambar blossoms in early April and ripens in late October. The ear is spherical, 2.5 - 3.5 cm in diameter, and consists of many capsules. Each capsule has only 1 - 2 fertile black seeds, with obovate short wings at the tip. Fertile seeds winged, black; sterile seeds wingless, yellow, lighter. The fruit dehisces after ripening, and the seeds are easy to scatter. When the color of the fruit changes from green to brown (slightly bluish) and has not yet cracked, it should be shot down for collection. The fruit should be placed in the sun for drying, generally 3~ 5 days. In the process of drying, the fruit should be turned over with a shovel, and the seeds should be taken out after the capsule dehisces. Then remove impurities with a fine sieve to obtain pure seeds of Liquidambar. The seed yield was 1.5%~2.0% based on the weight of fresh fruit. The collected seeds should be stored in sacks and stored in a ventilated and dry place. The best choice of nursery land for Liquidambar formosana is sandy loam with good traffic condition, close distance to water source, deep soil layer, loose soil, fertile soil and pH value of 5.5~6.0. In order to reduce disease, it is better to choose the seedling of Liquidambar formosana on the previous rice field. It is not advisable to choose soil or vegetable fields that are too sticky. These soils have more bacteria and are easy to cause root rot of seedlings. Planting seedlings Liquidambar can be sown in winter or spring. Winter sowing germinated earlier and more neatly than spring sowing. The sowing time in southern Anhui is between March 10 and 20 in spring (because the seeds of Liquidambar formosana are small, they can not be treated before sowing). Because the seeds of Liquidambar formosana are small (dry seed weight is only 3.2~5.6g, seed number of 1kg seed is 180,000 ~ 320,000, germination rate of field nursery is 20%~57%, sowing rate is 0.5~ 1.0kg per mu). No treatment before sowing. Sowing can be done in winter or spring, but winter seeds germinate earlier and more neatly than winter seeds. Spring sowing usually takes place in mid-March. Because of the small seed size of Liquidambar formosana L., the germination rate in nursery was only 20%~57%. Sowing can be done in two ways: broadcast and drill. Sowing application is generally more. The seeding method is simple, labor-saving and high in seedling yield, and the seeding rate is 22.5~30.0kg/hm2. The row spacing of drilling sowing is controlled at 20~25cm, the width of furrow bottom is 6~10cm, seeds are evenly scattered in the furrow when sowing, and the general sowing rate is 15.0~ 22.5 kg/hm2. After sowing, cover soil in time, preferably with slightly visible seeds. Fine soil should be screened with sieve before covering, and covered with 1 layer of straw. Also can not cover soil, straw or thatch directly covered in the seedbed after sowing, in order to prevent the grass is blown up by the wind, the application of stick pressure, or with bamboo, film dome cover, not only can play a warm, windproof role, but also can prevent birds and animals harm. Seedling management timely uncovering grass after sowing 25 days or so seeds began to germinate, 45 days seedlings are basically complete. Germination rate ranged from 12.3% to 57%, with an average of 35.6%. When the seedlings are basically neat, they should be removed in time. It is best to remove the grass twice, the first time to remove 1/2, 5 days later to remove the remaining part. Remove the grass gently to prevent seedlings from coming out. Thinning and patching seedlings after grass removal, seedlings grow to 3~5 cm, choose cloudy days or light rain days, timely thinning and patching seedlings. The dense seedlings are removed with bamboo sticks, the soil is removed, the roots are immersed in 0.01% ABT3 or ABT6 rooting powder solution for 1 - 2 minutes, and then replanted on the seedbed lacking seedlings. The plant spacing is generally 5cm× 8cm. After planting, water is poured in time. After thinning, the seedling density of Liquidambar formosana was controlled at about 100 plants/m2. Fertilization and irrigation 40 days after the seedlings were removed, suitable nitrogen fertilizer could be selected for topdressing. The concentration of the first topdressing should be less than 0.1%, and the amount of fertilizer should be 22.5 kg/hm2. After that, according to the actual situation of seedlings, topdressing should be done once every month, the concentration should be controlled at 0.5%~1.0%, and the fertilizer amount should be 45~60kg/hm2. Fertilization should be applied 2 to 3 times throughout the growing season of Liquidambar. Nitrogen fertilizer was mainly applied in the early stage, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were applied in the late stage. Fertilization should be done after 15:00. When the concentration of fertilizer exceeds 0.8%, it should be washed with clean water after fertilization. In case of rain, in order to prevent the seedlings from rotten roots, the accumulated water in the nursery should be removed in time; in case of continuous dry weather, the seedlings should be irrigated in time to meet the needs of seedling growth for water. During the growth of seedlings, it is necessary to loosen the soil and weed in time. When the seedlings are young, they must be pulled manually. When the seedlings of Liquidambar formosana grow to more than 30 cm, chemical weeding can be carried out with 1/3000 concentration of fruit herbicide, and the dosage per mu is 15 ml each time. When spraying, spray the sprayer head at the middle of the row spacing, pay attention not to spray the liquid medicine on the tender leaves and young stems, and the seedlings of Liquidambar formosana are sensitive to the fruit herbicide, so as to avoid phytotoxicity; it is not suitable to spray the fruit solution in the nursery of Liquidambar formosana; If the seedling area is large and chemical weeding is really needed, 25 ml of fruit can be used, 1 kg of water can be added, mixed with 25 kg of fine sand, stacked for 2 hours, spread to dry, and then evenly sprinkled on the seedbed, and gently sweep the sand on the maple seedlings with palm handles (some maple seedlings will be slightly damaged and will resume growth after 10 days). The soil preparation for afforestation and breeding should be selected in warm and humid valleys, lower and middle slopes, and shady and semi-sunny slopes in low hills and hills. Land preparation is completed before winter. It is better to cultivate all the land with hole-like soil preparation on gentle slope, and fish scale pit or hole-like soil preparation on steep slope of mountain area, with hole size of 50cm×50cm×40cm. [5]Plant planting in early March when the climate is more stable afforestation. Generally, the plant spacing is (1.5~3.0) m× (1.5~3.0) m, and the planting is 1110~4440 plants/hm2. Cultivated timber forest can be planted sparsely, and dense planting can be carried out mainly for cultivated fodder forest, raw material forest and timber seedling forest. Mixed forest can be established in hilly and low mountainous areas, mixed with Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata and other tree species, mixed mode is belt or block, mixed proportion of Liquidambar formosana accounts for 30~40%. The mixed forest dominated by Liquidambar formosana should be planted in the regeneration of Chinese fir or Pinus massoniana cutting site, and its proportion should reach about 70%. [5]The new afforestation should be weeded and loosened continuously for 2~3 years, tending twice in May ~ June and September ~ October, weeding is the main in the first year, hole expansion is the main in the second and third years, hole diameter is 60cm, depth is 15cm. Fertilization of young forest should be combined with tending from September to May of the next year, and strip furrow application of organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer should be carried out. Fertilization of mature forest should be carried out in winter. In the second year after afforestation, the branches below 1/3 of the tree base, double branches and competitive branches were removed until the tree became a forest. Pruning should be carried out during the dormant period of trees, and the pruning cuts should be smooth, without damaging the bark and leaving no piles. When the canopy density of the stand is above 0.9, thinning should be carried out when the proportion of crushed trees is 20~30%. The initial age is about 10 years. The first thinning intensity is 25~35% of the total trees, the canopy density after thinning is not less than 0.7, the interval of thinning is not less than 8 years, and the subsequent thinning intensity is 20~30%. After 30 - 40 years, the main cutting is adopted. The disease control of Liquidambar formosana seedlings has strong adaptability. Therefore, pests and diseases are generally not easy to occur. However, when the grass was just opened, diseases and insect pests occurred in a short period of time because the seedlings grew relatively young and tender. Can be 7 days after the removal of suitable agents for spraying, generally available chlorothalonil 2000 times solution. After 20~30 days spray chlorothalonil 1000 times solution, or carbendazim 800~1000 times solution once; when there are pests, can spray methamidophos 1000 times solution for control. During the growth of seedlings, loose soil and weeding should be done well. Because Liquidambar formosana seedlings are sensitive to herbicides, when weed damage occurs, manual weeding is generally adopted, and herbicides cannot be used. Clear litter on afforestation ground, eliminate disease and insect sources; build mixed forest, improve forest ecological environment; clear disease and insect trees, destroy disease and insect habitat environment; scientific fertilization, reasonable thinning. The following methods should be used to control brown sky caterpillar: ① picking cocoons manually;② protecting natural enemies, picking parasitized pupae from cocoons picked in the field and putting them back into the forest or not picking them; ③ chemical control, spraying 3500 times solution of 25% chlorfenuron Ⅲ, 2000 times solution of 20% fenvalerate, 2000 times solution of 25% deltamethrin, or 800 times solution of 40% omethoate on the tree crown at evening with a mobile sprayer, the control effect was above 90%. The control effect is above 95% by spraying pyrethroids into the net curtain;④ poison rope method, mixing 20% fenvalerate and engine oil according to 1:8, soaking paper rope for 0.5h, taking it out and drying, binding it to the chest height of trunk, and the control effect is above 90%; ④ light trapping moth, setting trap lamp in the forest land with heavy harm, trapping adults, the effect is better. Liquidambar formosana var. monticola) small trees, branchlets and abaxially bald, often grayish white, base truncate or slightly cordate, persistent calyx teeth slightly shorter. Distributed in Sichuan, Hubei, Guizhou, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces and other mountainous areas, more than 500 meters in the forest. The distribution area of Liquidambar formosana L. grows in the provinces south of Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River in China, from Henan and Shandong in the north to Taiwan in the east, Sichuan, Yunnan and Xizang in the west and Guangdong in the south; it is also found in northern Vietnam, Laos and southern Korea. The medical information and health diet information of Liquidambar formosana are for reference only and cannot be used as a basis for diagnosis and medical treatment. Consult a healthcare professional for any health problems and follow medical advice for treatment of any ailments. Ultimate Flower Protection Mission: Love yourself, proceed from reality and follow the doctor's advice. For disease, do not be careless, do not delay, do not give up hope, brave face, warm the silent world with love, care for the inner flower field attentively. Medicinal value resin for medicinal use, can detoxify pain, hemostasis and granulation; roots, leaves and fruits are also used in medicine, there are Qufeng dehumidification, Tongluo blood circulation effect. Passepartout, the drug part for the fruit of Liquidambar. bitter taste; mild nature. Expelling pathogenic wind and removing dampness; soothing liver and activating collaterals; diuresis. Liquidambar, the resin of the sweet gum tree. pungent and bitter in taste; mild in nature, expelling pathogenic wind and activating blood circulation; detoxifying and relieving pain; stopping bleeding; promoting granulation of Liquidambar formosana root, and the application site is the root of Liquidambar formosana. It tastes pungent and bitter; it is mild in nature. Detoxification detumescence; Qufeng pain. Liquidambar tree bark, the application site for the Liquidambar tree bark. The taste is pungent; the nature is mild. Dehumidification and diarrhea; expelling wind and relieving itching. Liquidambar leaves, the drug site for the leaves of Liquidambar trees. It tastes pungent and bitter; it is mild in nature. Qi circulation to relieve pain; detoxification; hemostasis. Appendix 1. Yellow water in the ear: Liquidambar formosana 15g, decocted in water. 2. Treatment of indigestion: Liquidambar leaves, Centella asiatica, Houttuynia cordata each equivalent, dried and ground, each time 4 to 5g, boiled water delivery service. 3. Treatment carbuncle, mastitis: Liquidambar tree fresh root 30g, Viola 10g, add wine decoction. 4. Treatment of lack of milk: maple tree fruit 7 to 8, water fried red rice wine, brown sugar each amount, after meals service. 5. Treatment of dizziness, headache: fresh maple syrup amount, apply temple. 6. Treatment of acute enteritis: Liquidambar leaf, negundo leaf each 10g, polygonum hydropiper 6g, decoction 2 times a day, 1 dose. 7. Treatment of diarrhea water diarrhea: maple tree bark decoction. Chemical Constituents Twenty compounds were isolated from the fat-soluble constituents of Liquidambar formosana roots. Two new compounds, 3β,6β-dihydroxylation-20-en-28-oic acid-β-glucopyranosyl ester and 2 v-acetoxy-3β,6β-dihydroxylation-20-en-28-oic acid-β-glucopyranosyl ester, were reported. The remaining known compounds were identified as stigmast-4-en-3-one, β-sitosterol,(24R)-3β-hydroxy-24-ethylcholest-5-en-one, β-amyrin, oleic acid, arjunic acid, hederagenin28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester, 28β-glucopyranosyl-23-O-acetyl arjunolic acid, arjunglucoside II, quadranoside I, β-sitosterol glucoside, gallicacid, 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucoside,(+)-catechin,(+)-gallocatechin, 3, 3’-di-O-methylellagic acid-4’-O-β-D-xylopyranoside，3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-（6’-O-galloyl）-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-6-O-syringoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside。The garden use of Liquidambar tree Liquidambar tree in China can be planted in the garden as a shade tree, can be planted alone in the grass, in groups, or on the hillside, pool and other trees mixed plants. If planted with evergreen trees, autumn red and green contrast, will be particularly beautiful. Because Liquidambar has strong fire resistance and resistance to toxic gases, it can be used for greening of factory Kuangqu. However, due to poor pruning resistance, tree transplantation is more difficult, so generally not suitable for street trees. The role of maple tree uses maple tree wood slightly hard, can be made of furniture and valuable goods packaging. Photo Gallery