Culture method of Aesculus chinensis

Light and temperature

The cultivation of the seven-leaf tree should be carried out according to its growth habits, first of all, the cultivation of the seven-leaf tree needs sufficient light, so put the seven-leaf tree in a sunny place. The growth of the seven-leaf tree needs fertile, deep, well-drained soil, and the growth temperature should be kept warm. Of course, the seven-leaf tree is also cold-resistant, but in order to grow normally in winter, you must move to a warm and sunny place indoors to avoid frostbite in the cold air.

Watering and fertilizing

The seven-leaf tree should be watered immediately after planting, and the second water should be watered a week later, and the third watering should be carried out on the 10th day after the second watering. After Sanshui, you can pour heavy water once a month and pour it thoroughly.

When entering the growing period of the plant, a small amount of water should be watered from June to August when Rain Water is more, and once a month in the late autumn season, the water should be watered again in early winter, stopped watering after entering winter, and thawed again in March next year, so a large amount of water should be watered in March and watered frequently in spring to keep the plant growing environment moist.

Fertilization: the seven-leaf tree likes fertilizer, so it can be applied with cow and horse manure or rotten leaf fertilizer during the planting period.

During the growth period of the seven-leaf tree, urine fertilizer can be applied in June of the first year to promote the growth of branches and leaves. At the end of August, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be used to increase the anti-freezing ability of the seven-leaf tree, and a rotten leaf fertilizer should be added in autumn.

Reproduction

The seven-leaf tree will generally use the sowing method to collect the seeds on the strong mother tree and be harmless, dry them until they are dried, and then wet and hide the seeds in the well-drained soil, leaving ventilation holes.

Wait until the end of March in spring, use point sowing method to select fertile, well-drained neutral sandy soil to plant, after planting to keep the soil moist, often weed, loosen the soil.

Aesculus chinensis Bunge: deciduous tree with dark brown or grayish brown bark, branchlets, cylindrical, yellowish brown or grayish brown, with yellowish lenticels. The winter buds are large and resinous. Palmately compound, composed of 5-7 small leaves, dark green above, glabrous, and glabrous below except for the base of the middle rib and lateral veins when young. Inflorescences cylindrical, inflorescence rachis puberulent, florets often composed of 5-10 flowers, flat oblique extension, puberulent. Flowers polygamous, male and bisexual, calyx tubular-campanulate, petals 4, white, oblong-Obovate to oblong-oblanceolate. Fruit globose or Obovate, yellowish brown, unarmed, with very dense spots. The seeds are often 1-2 developed, nearly globose, chestnut brown, and the navel is white, accounting for about 1 big 2 of the seed volume. The flowering period is from April to May and the fruiting period is October.

Culture methods and cultivation management of seven-leaf trees 1. Culture methods first select flat land, and then apply sufficient base fertilizer. The base fertilizer used can be soil fertilizer or chicken manure (3000-5000 kg per mu of soil fertilizer and 2-5 square meters of chicken manure per mu). Then arrange the ridges according to the width of 1.6-1.8 meters, rake flat and prepare for sowing. The width of the border is 1.3-1.5 meters. As the Buckeye seedlings are shade-tolerant and vulnerable to sunburn, it is best to plant large seedlings of other tree species along the border to protect the shade from the side light. Mainly by sowing and breeding, it is difficult to maintain the vitality of the seeds. Due to the high water content in the seeds, such as peel dry storage, the germination ability is lost before 1 month. Therefore, the seedlings should be sowed immediately after harvest in early September, the soil yield of the seedlings is weak, the sowing cover should not be too deep, germinate 25-30 days after sowing, and the seedling stage should be shaded properly. Before sowing, the seeds should be treated simply. The method is to soak the seeds with a mixture of carbendazim and phoxim. The preparation method of the mixture is as follows: 50% of carbendazim and phoxim are added with water in the ratio of 1 to 500, and 50% of phoxim is added to water in the ratio of 300 to 500, and then the two are mixed to make a disinfectant. The soaking time is 3-5 minutes, which can kill the virus and prevent underground pests. In a semi-airtight state, it was stored in peat for half a year and maintained 100% vitality. The collected seeds were stacked in a cool and ventilated place to facilitate post-ripening and coloring, and play a certain role in rotting the outer seed coat. Stack thickness not more than 20 cm, turn over and check once a day to avoid mildew. After stacking for 3 to 4 days, the outer seed coat was rubbed, graded, and inferior and inferior seeds were selected. 2. Indoor sand storage is generally used as storage method. Sand storage can be divided into mixed sand storage and stratified sand storage, and sometimes layered sand storage will become mixed sand storage due to turning inspection, so only the method of mixed sand storage is introduced. First of all, we should choose fine sand, the water content should be controlled at 2% to 4%, the indoor air humidity should be kept at 85% to 90%, and the amount of sand should be about 2 times that of seeds. Mix the sand and seeds well and store them on the ground. be careful not to pile them on cement or poorly breathable ground. If placed in a place with poor air permeability, it is very easy to cause "self-tide" or "self-heating" phenomenon of seeds, further promote respiration, and eventually lead to alcoholism and death of seeds. Spread a layer of fine sand 10 centimeters thick on the soil floor, and then spread the seeds evenly. After all stacking, cover with a layer of sand 4 to 6 centimeters thick. In the process of seed storage, it is necessary to check regularly, ventilate and keep the indoor temperature suitable. If the sand is a little dry, spray a small amount of water to keep the humidity. After sand storage, the seeds of Aesculus chinensis are conducive to germination, and the seedlings emerge neatly and have strong stress resistance after sowing. When sowing, each border excavates four sowing ditches with a depth of 5 centimeters. When sowing, it must be noted that the hilum of the seed should be facing down, which is conducive to the rooting and germination of the seed, and the plant distance of 20 cm is more appropriate when sowing. The next step is to cover the soil with a depth of 5 centimeters. after the covering is finished, water should be watered again. When the ground is dry enough to stand, cover the grass 10 centimeters thick for heat preservation and moisturizing, which is necessary for seed growth and safe overwintering of seedlings. From late autumn to the following spring, seeds will take root and sprout one after another. Cover grass can be removed in mid-February, at this time to pay attention to the seedlings have been drilled out of the ground, do not break the buds. Because the ability of the top soil of the seedling of the seven-leaf tree is weak, therefore, after removing the cover grass, it is necessary to keep the soil moist to facilitate the emergence of the seedlings. Under general management, the height of the seedlings can reach 50 cm in the same year, and then replanted in the next spring, and then planted every other year, which can be cultivated for 5-6 years for greening. Transplanting after defoliation in late autumn to sprouting in the following spring must be carried out with mud balls and dried with grass rope after planting to prevent bark from burning and cracking. The culture method of seven-leaf tree, also known as Tianshi chestnut, originated in our country. Like warm slightly humid environment, more cold-resistant, slightly shade-resistant, suitable for growth in deep, fertile and well-drained soil, too strong sunlight or too dry soil is not good for growth. Aquaculture: mainly sowing and breeding, sowing immediately after seed collection in October, seeds are easy to lose their germination power after drying. The soil yield of seedlings is weak, sowing and covering soil should not be too deep, sprout 25-30 days after sowing, and the seedling stage should be shaded properly.

Cultivation: adequate base fertilizer should be applied before planting. In the process of life, there is generally no need for pruning and plastic surgery. Pay attention to watering when the weather is dry. Adult trees should be ditched and fertilized after defoliation every winter, so as to produce more branches and leaves and blossom more in the following year. Diseases and insect pests: there are mainly leaf spot, powdery mildew and anthrax, which can be sprayed with 1000 times of methyl topiramate wettable powder. Pests are harmful to shell insects, caterpillars and beetles, which can be sprayed with 1000 times of phoxim EC. Application: the seven-leaf tree is beautiful in shape, with a crown like a canopy, and its large white inflorescence is like a gorgeous candlestick when it blossoms. It is a spectacle and can be used as a street tree or a backbone landscape tree in scenic spots and small courtyards.