Planting time of red chicory

Planting red chicory, try to choose to plant in spring and autumn, the temperature in winter is low, the growth of red chicory is slow, which will lead to small pelleting and low yield due to the influence of temperature. On the other hand, the temperature in summer is too high, which will cause the color of the leaf ball to be less pure. And if you want to provide the right temperature for the cultivation of red chicory, you also need to build a shed on the planting ground to protect it from the sun or the wind and cold.

About the sowing time of red chicory, do you understand now that it is not only necessary to master the planting time for planting red chicory? next, let me talk about what else you should pay attention to about planting red chicory.

Matters needing attention in planting red chicory

The main results are as follows: 1. It is necessary to choose places with high content of loose soil organic matter and apply more substances such as straw and cow dung in the planting process to make the soil fertile and beneficial to the growth of red chicory.

2, the planting distance is also very important, the planting is too dense and too sparse will affect the growth of red chicory, the general distance is about 30 cm, when planting, the soil should be kept moist, but the choice can be watered three days earlier.

3. If you want to make the leaves grow better, you must apply fertilizer every once in a while. Nitrogen fertilizer and urea are indispensable, and you must get rid of insects and weeds. It is best to apply fertilizer once every eight days or so to check the growth.

That's all for today. With regard to planting time and precautions, planting anything is not easy, it takes painstaking efforts, and it's best to hope that everyone can grow delicious red chicory.

Chicory photo album

Chicory is a perennial herb of the genus Cichorium of Compositae. The root is fleshy and short. Stem erect, angled, hollow, much branched. Leaves alternate, long oblanceolate, head-shaped, Corolla ligulate, blue in color. The plant is cold-resistant and drought-tolerant, and likes to live in sunny fields, hillsides and other places. It is distributed both at home and abroad. Chicory is a dual-purpose plant for medicine and food, and chicory leaves can be used to prepare lettuce. It has been introduced and cultivated in Sichuan (Chengdu) and Guangdong. Its root contains inulin and aromatic substances, which can make alternative coffee and promote the activity of digestive organs of the human body. The aboveground part and root of the plant can be used as medicine. The traditional Chinese medicine is chicory and chicory root respectively, which has the effects of heat-clearing and detoxification, diuresis and detumescence, stomach-strengthening and so on. In addition, chicory can also be used as roughage or forage.

Chicory is 40-100 cm tall. Stems erect, solitary, branched or extremely spreading, all stem branches green, angled, covered with extremely sparse long and curved rough hairs or bristles or few glabrous. Basal leaves rosulate, surviving at anthesis, oblanceolate-long-elliptic, including petiole attenuate at base, 15-34 cm long and 2-4 cm wide, base attenuate with winged stalks, capitate inverted to pinnately parted or pinnately parted or margin undivided.

Basic information of chicory

Chinese scientific name: chicory

Latin scientific name: Cichorium intybus L.

Realm: plant kingdom.

Phylum: angiosperm phylum

Class: dicotyledonous class

Subclass: synpetalous subclass

Item: Platycodon grandiflorum

Family: Compositae

Genus: chicory

Classification system: Engler system, 1964

Chicory culture method

Cultivation of plasmoid root

The fleshy root used for softening is suitable for cultivation in the field because of its large demand. Generally, the fleshy root planted in 1 mu of field, the milky yellow (white) variety can be cultivated in a soft bed of 50 square meters and 60 square meters, and the red bud ball variety is 23 square meters.

The main results are as follows: (1) the land chooses the sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose fertile soil, fine crushed soil and good air permeability, and the planting area should be convenient for drainage and irrigation.

(2) before soil preparation, basic fertilizer and border sowing, stubble should be removed as soon as possible, weeds of the previous stubble should be removed, 1.5-2.5 kg carbaryl insecticide per mu should be sprayed, then shallow ploughing with rotary tiller twice, depth about 15 cm, combined with cultivated land, high-quality mature organic fertilizer 3000-5000 kg per mu, and 30 kg superphosphate, or 50 kg long-acting compound fertilizer, evenly spread and rotary ploughing to level the land. Make a small high border in the north-south direction, with a width of about 100 cm. The west side of the border is trenched to form a turtle-backed ridge with a height of about 15 cm at the bottom of the border.

(3) directly sowing or raising seedlings and transplanting

Sow seeds directly in the field. Chicory is suitable for direct seeding, and the fleshy roots obtained by direct seeding are straight and smooth, occupy less land during softening cultivation, and can be planted more to increase unit yield. Mainly sowing in autumn, modern popular varieties in Beijing, such as "ZOOM", "Baihe", red chicory, etc., are suitable for sowing from June to mid-late July; if sowing prematurely, the early bolting rate is very high due to high temperature and long sunshine, and the fleshy root of the plant is not full, small and fine enough if sowed too late, which affects the yield and quality of bud balls. Sowing at the right time, the seedling stage avoided the high temperature period, the early bolting rate decreased greatly, and the plant had sufficient growth time to grow into solid taproots.

a. Sowing rate: 200g / 250g.

b. Sowing method: on the west side of the small high border, open a shallow ditch according to 30 cm row spacing, ditch depth 3 cm, sparse sowing or on demand, cover soil after sowing, about 1 cm thick, should not be too thick. If there is heavy rain during the sowing period, the seeds should be sowed after the heavy rain. If the season is already late, it is necessary to rush to sow on rainy days or before rain. It is appropriate to use on-demand or hole sowing, buckle the plastic film after sowing, and cut the plastic film after emergence. I've seen Miao. The seedling was fixed with 3 ~ 4 true leaves, and the distance between seedlings was 15 cm. Raise seedlings and transplant. If the sowing time encounters continuous heavy rain, direct seeding in the open field is often beaten by Rain Water as soon as the seeds or seedlings are unearthed, resulting in a lack of seedlings and broken ridges, or when the planting land cannot be vacated in time, seedling raising and transplanting should be adopted. The general method of raising seedlings will hurt the roots at the beginning of the seedlings, resulting in the later growth of fleshy straight roots into different roots, or the increase of curved roots and fibrous roots, and the softening cultivation will occupy more land and affect the yield per unit area, so it is best to raise seedlings with small nutritious soil or burrowing plates. The most simple and effective method for raising seedlings is to choose 288-hole seedling trays to raise seedlings. The seedlings should not be injured when transplanting and pulling out seedlings, or the nutritious soil should be filled with old newspaper paper tube, and the survival rate is high.

Chicory characteristics: it is a perennial herb of the genus chicory in Compositae. it is a new forage plant variety selected in New Zealand in the early 1980s. It was approved and registered as a new forage variety by the National forage Variety approval Committee on November 18, 1997. The average height of chicory rosette stage was 40cm, and the average plant height of flowering stage was 170cm, some of which reached 200cm. The stem is erect, hollow with an edge, and more branched. Basal leaves pinnately divided or undivided, dentate, sparsely sericeous, leaf blade 10-40cm long and 5-8cm wide. Cauline leaves are small, lanceolate, heads solitary at the end of branches or 2-3 clusters in leaf axils, flowers ligulate, blue, seeds cuneate, 1000-grain weight 1.2-1.5g.

(1) location of hoarding

It can be located in sunny beds, greenhouses, cellars, greenhouses or even open-field excavated beds, or it can be filled with containers such as high plastic buckets and wooden boxes under idle houses, which can be basically divided into soil cultivation and hydroponic cultivation.

(2) soil cultivation method

Get ready to plant a bed. Choose plastic greenhouses, solar greenhouses or free houses with a stable temperature of 8: 20 ℃, and use clean sandy soil or rough rivers.

Sand as the cultivation substrate, paved into a 30 cm thick hoarding bed, leveled ready for use, such as the sunny border can be directly on the ground to dig grooves, about 100 cm 150 cm wide, so that standing on the edge of the trough can reach the center of the trough. The depth is 20cm to 30cm, and the length depends on the site. If temperature control is needed and conditions are available, the floor hotline can be laid at the bottom of the trough and 3 cm of soil can be covered for backup. The treatment of chicory taproot. The fleshy roots of chicory are divided into three grades according to different lengths: large, medium and small. The rotten leaves are broken and the tail end can be cut off if the root is longer than 20cm. Hoarding methods. The roots of different sizes are planted in the hoarding bed, and the fleshy roots of the same level are lined up one by one. The roots thicker than 6cm can be placed close to the yard, and the roots with a transverse diameter less than 6cm should be 2cm apart. After filling a slot, sprinkle sand or soil to fill the gap, pour enough water, and then cover the soil with a thickness of 10cm and 15cm, leaving a space of about 20cm above the trough. Cover it with black film or other shading to block the light. If the temperature is controlled at 18-20 ℃ and the film is opened for inspection in about 20 days, the yellow-and-white bud tip just exposed the covered soil or sand can be removed and the bud ball can be harvested. About 25 kilograms of bud balls are collected per square meter. Used grooves and sandy soil can no longer be hoarded and need to be done elsewhere. In order to prolong the harvest time, the most economical method of hoarding in North China is to dig trenches in the open field before freezing in winter (the method is the same as the protected land) and plant the roots of chicory in the trench, covering about 20 cm of fine sand or river sand. Overwintering with grass curtains or in the open air under natural temperature, but it should be checked frequently in early spring, and the harvest without grass curtains in winter can be extended to early April.

(3) hydroponics

The principle is basically the same as that of soil culture, and it can carry out three-dimensional production and mechanical operation, and the production efficiency is higher. Using the water culture method, the root plant must be washed clean and a small part of the root tip of the fleshy root must be removed, which can promote the growth of the bud ball, make the bud ball more compact and thicker, and have better commercial quality. The water quality should be clean to prevent root soft rot in the process of hydroponic culture. it is best to use flowing water or change water frequently. It is more appropriate for the water level to be below 1pm 2 and 1pm 3 of the fleshy root, and the temperature, humidity and shading should be strictly controlled, especially the temperature should not be higher than 20 ℃. If the temperature is higher than 20 ℃, with the temperature and increase, the weight of the bud ball decreases and the divergence rate increases sharply. The relative humidity of the air in the culture bed should be kept above 95%. The bud balls formed under low humidity conditions are loose, light in weight and fiber, and taste poor when eating. At the same time, because the upper part of the fleshy root is not covered, the bud ball greening will occur in 1-2 hours under weak natural light and weak light. After more than 5 hours, the outer and inner leaves of the bud ball will obviously turn green, and the quality will decline, so the operation should be fast. In order to reduce the time of seeing light indoors as much as possible.

Nutritional value of chicory

Chicory leaves are tender and succulent, rich in nutrition, the content of crude protein in leaf clump stage is 22.87%, the content of crude protein in early flowering stage is 14.73%, with an average of 17%, and the crude protein yield reaches 250kg/ mu. The early flowering stage contains 2.1% crude fat and 30.6% crude fiber. Chicory is rich in amino acids, 9 essential amino acids in leaf clump stage are higher than those in alfalfa meal, and vitamins, carotene and calcium are rich. Chicory has good palatability and high utilization. Cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens and rabbits all like to eat.

Chicory needs value.

The extract of wild chicory flower injected into animals can stimulate the central nervous system and enhance cardiac activity (amplitude increases but frequency slows down) the decoction has antibacterial and convergent effects. Root can increase appetite and improve digestive function; high concentration of extract can increase gastric secretion, but does not increase smooth muscle tension. The ethanol or ether extract of root has antibacterial activity, and its active component may be a sesquiterpene. The root also has the effect of light diarrhea. The seeds have hemagglutinin from non-specific resident plants. There are also reports of carcinogenic hydrocarbons in chicory. Its content is higher than that of other coffee drinks.

Distribution of chicory

Distributed in Beijing (Baihuashan), Heilongjiang (Raohe), Liaoning (Dalian), Shanxi (Fenyang), Shaanxi (Xi'an, Mei County, Zhouzhi), * * (Altay, Haba River, Fuhai, Tacheng, Tori, Yumin, Bole, Shawan, Manas, Urumqi, Miquan, Yining, Chabqar), Jiangxi (Suichuan). Widely distributed in Europe, Asia and North Africa.

The meaning of chicory on the Internet

Chicory, pronounced j ú j chicken. That is, the huge homonym, is a kind of cordial respect, not a kind of irony. Just like the affectionate name of warrior and god is: big, disdainful as prawn (blind). And those who are more powerful than warriors and gods are called giants and gods, so they are affectionately called Ju Ju and write chicory.

For example: kneel to the liberal arts male chicory.