Planting techniques of Osmanthus fragrans

Sweet-scented osmanthus is an evergreen shrub or small tree of Oleaceae, also known as Cinnamomum osmanthus, Jiuli incense, Golden millet and so on. Osmanthus fragrans is an excellent ornamental and practical tree species that integrates greening, beautification and fragrance. In ancient Chinese poems, the number of works of chanting osmanthus is also considerable, and it has been deeply loved by the Chinese people since ancient times. Let's take a look at the planting techniques of sweet-scented osmanthus trees.

Variety Classification of Osmanthus fragrans

1. Four seasons cassia varieties: four seasons cassia tufted shrubby, tree-shaped low, short and dense branches, round crown. The new leaves are deep red and the old mature leaves are green or yellowish green. The leaf is oval in shape, and the intersection angle between the main vein and the lateral vein of the leaf is very large, close to the vertical state. Flower buds are often solitary or 2-3 superimposed, blooming in batches from September to March every year, and the flower fragrance is not as strong as silver cinnamon, cinnamon and cinnamon. Common varieties are big leaf four seasons cinnamon, leaflet four seasons cinnamon, four seasons flowering laurel, Japanese incense, big leaf Buddha top bead, tooth leaf four seasons cinnamon and other varieties.

2. Cinnamon population: Cinnamomum dioecious, the crown is round, the bark is light gray, smooth and the lenticels are sparse. Leaves leathery, long elliptic or elliptic, flat, margin retrorse, entire, apex occasionally sparsely toothed, base broadly cuneate, apex obtuse or mucronate, lateral veins 8-10 pairs, reticulate veins obvious on both sides, petiole 8-10 mm long. The flower color is orange-red, the Corolla is slightly buckled, the fragrance is light, and the flowering period is from late September to early October. There are big flower cinnamon, tooth cinnamon, cinnamon cinnamon, broad leaf red and other varieties.

3. Jin Guipin population: the crown of Jin Gui is spherical, the tree is strong, and the branches are tall and straight, very close. The bark is gray, the lenticels are round or oval, and the spring shoots are stout. The leaf color is dark green, the leaf blade is oval, the leaf surface is uneven, the leaf edge is microwave curved. Flowers yellow, fragrant, not sturdy, autumn flowering, lemon yellow to golden yellow flowers. The varieties are Dahua Jingui, Daye Huang, Huangchuan Jingui, late Jingui, Yuanye Jingui, Xianning Evening Gui, Ball Gui, Yuanjian Jingui, Liu Ye Su Gui, Jin Shigui, Boye Jingui and so on.

4. Silver cinnamon population: the crown of silver cinnamon is round, the big branches are developed, the branches and leaves are dense and grow well. Bark light gray, lenticels are many and large, shaped like snowflakes, very obvious. The leaf is green or dark green, long oval or oval, the leaf is broad and thick, and the leaf surface is more spreading. Flowering in the first and middle of September, the color of milky yellow to lemon yellow, rich aroma, not strong after flowering, autumn flowering. Varieties are broad-leaf seed silver cinnamon, willow leaf silver cinnamon, hard leaf silver cinnamon, seed silver cinnamon, Jiulong cinnamon, early silver cinnamon, evening silver cinnamon, Baijie, pure white silver cinnamon, Qingshan silver cinnamon, etc.

Planting Environment of Osmanthus fragrans

1. Temperature: sweet-scented osmanthus trees like warmth. The average temperature in the planting area is 14: 28 ℃, the average temperature in July is 24: 28 ℃, and the average temperature in January is more than 0 ℃. It can withstand the lowest temperature of-13 ℃, and the optimum growth temperature is 15: 28 ℃. It can overwinter in the open field in the south of Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River in China. Not very hardy, but compared with other evergreen broad-leaved trees, it is still a relatively hardy tree species.

2. Moisture: sweet-scented osmanthus trees like to be moist, and humidity is extremely important to the growth and development of sweet-scented osmanthus, requiring an average annual humidity of 75-85% and an annual precipitation of about 1000 mm, especially when young and adult trees bloom, which will affect flowering in case of drought. Avoid stagnant water, but also have a certain ability to withstand drought.

3. Light: sweet-scented osmanthus likes sunlight and can bear shade. Under full light, its branches and leaves grow luxuriantly, bloom densely, and grow sparsely in the shade. If potted in the north, it is necessary to pay attention to sufficient light to facilitate growth and flower bud formation. Strong sunlight and shade are disadvantageous to its growth, and it is generally required to light 6-8 hours a day.

4. Soil: sweet-scented osmanthus is not strict on soil, except alkaline soil and low-lying land or soil with too heavy clay and poor drainage, it can generally grow, but the slightly acidic sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage is the most suitable.

5. Air: sweet-scented osmanthus has a certain resistance to harmful gases such as chlorine, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen fluoride, and has a strong ability to absorb dust. It is suitable to be planted in a ventilated and transparent place, likes a clean and ventilated environment, and is not resistant to smoke and dust. often can't blossom after being injured.

Propagation techniques of Osmanthus fragrans

1. Sowing: the fruit of sweet-scented osmanthus usually matures from April to May and can be harvested when the pericarp changes from green to purple-black. Sweet-scented osmanthus seeds have the role of post-ripening, it should be stored in sand for at least half a year, sprinkle water and pile up after harvest, remove the pulp, place in a cool place to dry the seeds naturally, store them with mixed sand, and sow in autumn or spring after sand storage. Before sowing, the ground should be well prepared, and enough basic fertilizer should be applied. It can also be sowed in the indoor seedbed. When sowing, put the seed navel on the side to avoid the bending of radicle and young stem, which will affect the growth of seedlings in the future.

2. Grafting: sweet-scented osmanthus grafted rootstocks are mostly used in privet, lobular privet, wax, water wax, etc., and lobular privet is used in mass propagation of seedlings. Before spring germination, cut the rootstock from 5 cm above the ground, cut the thick 1-2-year-old branches of sweet-scented osmanthus 10-12 cm in length, cut 2-3 cm in length on one side of the base, cut a 45-degree slope on the opposite side, cut longitudinally at about 1x3 on one side of the rootstock, about 2 cm deep, insert the scion into the incision, align the cambium, tie it up with a plastic bag, and then bury it in the soil.

3. Cutting: Osmanthus fragrans cuttings are usually cut into 5-10 cm long with annual branches before sprouting in spring, the lower leaves are cut off, and 2-3 green leaves are left in the upper part, which are inserted in the river sand or loess seedbed, with a row spacing of 3-20 cm, timely irrigation or spraying after planting, and shading, keeping the temperature 20: 25 ℃, and relative humidity 85: 90% can take root and transplant 2 months.

4. Striping: sweet-scented osmanthus can be divided into two types: low pressure and high pressure. the low pressure method is to select the flexible parts of the 1 ~ 2-year-old branches of the lower part of the low dry mother tree from spring to early summer, cut or ring-peeled and pressed into the grooves 3cm deep and fixed with wood strips. The high-pressure method is to cut or peel 1-2-year-old stout branches from the mother tree in spring with the same low-pressure method, then smear the wound with culture medium, fasten it up and down with plastic bags, and cut off the mother plant for maintenance in autumn.