How to plant yew seeds?

Taxus is known as the "plant giant panda". It is recognized as a rare and endangered natural anticancer plant in the world. It is an ancient relict tree species left over from Quaternary glaciers and has a history of 2.5 million years on earth. Due to the slow growth rate and poor regeneration ability of yew under natural conditions, a large-scale yew raw material forest base has not been formed in the world for a long time, and logging has been banned at present, and most of what is sold in the market is artificial planting, but do you know how to plant yew seeds? The following editor will simply introduce to you how to plant yew seeds.

Seed Collection of Taxus mairei

The seeds of Taxus mairei mature from late September to early October and can be collected when the seeds are crimson. After the seeds were harvested and soaked in water for 3 ~ 5 days, the skin (aril) was washed and dried, and stored in a cool and dry place indoors.

Choose a suitable breeding site

The forest soil with deep soil layer, loose structure, high humus content and good drainage should be selected in the seedling land of Taxus chinensis, which is suitable for raising seedlings. Taxus has the characteristics of shade, drought tolerance and cold resistance, and the soil PH value is between 5.5 and 7.0.

Taxus is shade-tolerant and can grow under dense forests. It is perennial and cannot be a forest. It is more common in the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest dominated by Korean pine. Born on stony or barren soil on the top of the mountain, most of them are shrubby. The average annual temperature in the place of origin is 2 ℃ to 7 degrees, and the average annual precipitation is 750-1000 mm. Mostly scattered under the moist, fertile coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest on shady or semi-shady slopes. Sex likes cool and humid climate, can withstand low temperature below minus 30 ℃, strong cold resistance, the optimum temperature is 20: 25 ℃, it belongs to negative tree species. Like moist but afraid of waterlogging, suitable for planting on loose, moist and well drained sandy loam.

Soil preparation and fertilization of planting land

After the nursery land is selected, the soil preparation and fertilization will be carried out. The newly opened nursery land has fertile soil but does not apply fertilizer. The old seedling land must straighten up the land, apply sufficient fertilizer, turn it over 20 to 25 centimeters in autumn, turn it over and rake it shallowly in spring, and apply rotten fine manure while ploughing, to make a seedbed with a height of 15 centimeters, a width of 1.2 meters and a length of 10 meters.

Accelerating germination of Taxus chinensis seed

The seeds of Taxus mairei belong to deep dormant seeds, which must be treated by accelerating germination before sowing.

1. Burying and sprouting every other year: Taxus seeds are soaked in 45 ℃ warm water for 3 days. When the seeds become milky white, they are disinfected with 1 / 2% copper sulfate solution, then mixed with wet sand with relative humidity of 60%, which is equivalent to 3 times the seed volume, put into grass bags or wooden boxes, and put into the underground cellar. Cellar should be selected in the groundwater level below 2 meters, high terrain, good drainage place, cellar depth of 1.2 to 1.8 meters, strictly prevent rats from entering. In addition, the pit temperature should be checked frequently, and the summer temperature should not exceed 18-20 ℃. When the pit temperature is high, you can set up a shade shed on it or open the pit door at night to cool down. Use this method to cellar the seeds in autumn, bury them in the whole year of the second year, take out the seeds in the third year, spread them out for 24 days, and sow the seeds when 20-30% of the radicles germinate.

2. Overwintering burying and sprouting method: this method is suitable for sowing seeds with picking, that is, the fresh seeds are removed from the seed coat in the autumn, then soaked and sterilized, and then buried with the same wet sand burial method as the other year. Take out the seeds 20-30 days before sowing in the second year, put them on the leeward to the shady slope, cover them with plastic film to warm up, and pay attention to watering to keep them moist, so that some of the seed shells can be used for sowing.

Seed sowing and field management of Taxus mairei

The sowing time is from late April to early May every year, and the sowing rate is 0.045 kg ~ 0.05kg per square meter of seedbed. When sowing, we should pay attention to leveling the bed surface and pouring through the bed water. The seeds are suppressed with wooden rolls on the bed surface, so that the seeds come into contact with the soil, and then cover the river sand, which is 2 or 3 times thicker than the seeds, and then suppressed again after covering the river sand. In the seed germination period, according to the principle of "less watering and frequent watering", it is necessary to prevent bird damage. After the seedlings came out, the Bordeaux solution with a concentration of 1% was sprayed every 7-10 days for a total of 5-7 times to prevent the seedlings from falling ill.

The two-year-old seedbed can be treated with rotten, cooked and dilute feces for 3 times, ammonium sulfate for 1 times and 2 times, and the dosage of ammonium sulfate is 0.1 kg / 10 m each time. Wash the seedlings with clean water in time after spraying to prevent drug damage. Potassium fertilizer was applied again in June and July to improve the quality of seedlings.

Overwintering Protection of Taxus seedlings

Taxus seedlings need to adopt overwintering protection measures. 1-4-year-old seedlings are covered with soil or grass to prevent drought. Before Frosts Descent to the Beginning of Winter, cover the seedlings with soil. The thickness of the soil cover is slightly 4-6 cm over the seedlings, and the time of soil mulching should not be premature, so as not to make the seedlings rot. Remove the cold-proof soil after the Qingming Festival, in order to prevent the seedlings from physiological dryness, it needs to be withdrawn for 2 or 3 times, and the soil should be watered in time.