"Seven measures" to prevent and control salt accumulation in fruit trees

Orchard

The increase of soil solution concentration caused by salt accumulation is a common problem in the cultivation of fruit trees (such as peach, nectarine, grape, strawberry, etc.) in greenhouse or solar greenhouse, which makes the absorption of nutrition and water out of balance. resulting in a series of physiological obstacles, seriously affecting the improvement of fruit tree yield and fruit quality, the prevention and control measures are as follows:

1. Apply fertilizer scientifically. In the facility land, more mature organic fertilizers should be applied to fertilize the soil, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increase the replacement capacity of soil base and improve the buffering capacity of soil. When applying chemical fertilizers, attention should be paid to the type, quantity, quality and fertilization methods of chemical fertilizers, and more fertilizers such as superphosphate, calcium phosphate and potassium phosphate which are not soluble in water but easy to be absorbed by soil should be applied.

2. Leaching irrigation. Uncover the greenhouse film during the rainy season and let Rain Water naturally leach the soil or irrigate it. For plots with low-lying, heavy soil and poor drainage, dig drainage ditches nearby, increase the amount of water, and use water to carry salt to the distance. During the growth period of fruit trees, under the premise of not increasing the humidity in the facility, properly increase the number of irrigation and the amount of irrigation, and use water to remove the remaining salt.

3. Deep desalination. The fruit trees planted for many years are deeply turned over after the fruit is harvested, and the grapes and strawberries planted once a year are turned deep in the whole garden before replanting, so that the topsoil is fully mixed and the salt in the topsoil is reduced.

4. Interline mulching. Mulching plastic film between the rows of fruit trees can increase soil temperature, improve soil physical properties, facilitate soil microbial activities, accelerate the decomposition and transformation of soil nutrients, improve the absorption capacity of fruit tree roots, and reduce part of the accumulated salt.

5. Biological desalination. In the rainy summer season, planting Sudan grass with fast growth rate and strong fertilizer absorption ability among fruit trees can absorb a large amount of nitrogen from the soil and remove part of the salt.

6. ploughing and loosening the soil. Through ploughing and loosening the soil and cutting off the soil capillaries, the excessive salt in the soil can be prevented from accumulating on the surface with the upward movement of water.

7. Change soil for improvement. Soil improvement is carried out by changing soil.