How to reduce the empty grain of sunflower by affecting the yield of sunflower

Farmers want sunflower seeds to be full, but they often have free shrunken grains, resulting in low yield and low efficiency. Only by understanding the reasons for sunflower empty shrunken grains, can we reduce sunflower empty shrunken grains. The empty shrunken grains in the outer ring of sunflowers are mainly caused by poor pollination, and the empty shrunken grains in the center of sunflowers are mainly caused by lack of fertilizer and water and lack of nutrition. Therefore, to prevent the occurrence of empty sunflower grains is to ensure adequate fertilizer and water, and then to artificially assist sunflower pollination. The specific methods are as follows:

Sunflower

1. Fork in time. "as soon as the branches pop up, they will be knocked off immediately", generally forking for 2 or 3 times to reduce the consumption of nutrients and water and ensure that the sunflower seeds are full and full.

2. Watering in time. Especially sunflowers from budding to flowering can not be short of water. Therefore, timely watering, to ensure that sunflower plants have sufficient water, generally irrigated 3 or 4 times, watering thoroughly, can not form dry soil, but in case of waterlogging or stagnant water, it should be eliminated in time, no drought or waterlogging.

3. Rational fertilization. The combination of base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer, the combination of agricultural fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and micro fertilizer, and the combination of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are the principles of sunflower fertilization. The amount of base fertilizer is more than 2000 kg per mu, mainly farm manure, less seed fertilizer, 15 kg diammonium phosphate per mu, 40 kg plant ash, and quick-acting ammonium bicarbonate, urea, ammonium nitrate and potassium fertilizer. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizer are generally applied in 7-8 pairs of leaves, and the effect is better. The appropriate depth of fertilization is 10-15 cm to improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer.

4. Artificial pollination. Artificial pollination is an effective way to improve the seed setting rate of sunflower. The sunflowers entering the flowering period of 2-3 days were pollinated artificially. Gently touch the sunflower disk with a soft brush, stick the pollen grains of stamens, and pollinate another sunflower disk in the same way. Pollination is usually carried out at 9: 11 am every morning, that is, after the dew dries, no more than 12:00 at the latest, usually pollination 2 times 3 times or 3 times 4 times.

5. Prevent diseases and kill insects. It is mainly used to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. When the temperature reaches 18 ℃, 45 kg of pentachloronitrobenzene and 150 kg of wet sand per hectare are scattered evenly on the ground where sunflowers are planted. Ten days and a half months later, sprinkle again. During the occurrence of sunflower borer larvae in the first ten days of August, 90% of trichlorfon was sprayed with 500 times liquid for 3 times.