Sweet osmanthus cultivation methods and precautions

Sweet-scented osmanthus is a common name for many trees of the genus Oleacea in China, also known as rock cinnamon, rhinoceros, golden millet and so on. It is an excellent garden tree species that integrates greening, beautification and fragrance. It is pure and dusty and can be called unique. It has been deeply loved by the Chinese since ancient times and is regarded as a traditional famous flower. Let's take a look at the breeding methods and matters needing attention of sweet-scented osmanthus.

Growth habits of Osmanthus fragrans

The main results are as follows: 1. Osmanthus fragrans like to be warm and have strong stress resistance. it can survive the winter in the open field in the areas south of Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River in China.

2. Osmanthus fragrans prefer sunshine and can tolerate shade. Under full light, its branches and leaves grow luxuriantly, blossom densely, and grow sparsely in shade.

3. Sweet-scented osmanthus is moist, afraid of flooding and stagnant water, but it also has a certain ability to withstand drought, which may lead to the death of the whole plant in the event of waterlogging.

4. sweet-scented osmanthus is not strict on soil, and can grow except alkaline soil and low-lying land or soil which is too sticky and poorly drained.

Propagation methods of Osmanthus fragrans

1. Sowing: the fruit of sweet-scented osmanthus usually matures from April to May. After harvest, the fruit is drenched with water, the pulp is removed, the seeds are dried naturally in a cool place, and stored with mixed sand. After sand storage, they can be sowed in autumn or spring. Before sowing, the ground should be well prepared, and enough basic fertilizer should be applied. It can also be sowed in the indoor seedbed. When sowing, put the seed navel on the side to avoid the bending of radicle and young stem, which will affect the growth of seedlings in the future.

2. Grafting: sweet-scented osmanthus cut rootstocks from 5 cm above ground before spring germination, cut 1-2-year-old stout branches 10-12 cm long, cut 2-3 cm on one side of the base, cut into a 45-degree slope on the opposite side, cut longitudinally at about 1-inch 3 on one side of the rootstock, about 2-3 cm deep, insert the scion into the incision, align the cambium, bind it with a plastic bag, and then bury it in the soil.

3. Cutting: Osmanthus fragrans cuttings are usually cut into 5-10 cm long with annual branches before sprouting in spring, the lower leaves are cut off, and 2-3 green leaves are left in the upper part, which are inserted in the river sand or loess seedbed, with a row spacing of 3-20 cm, timely irrigation or spraying after planting, and shading, keeping the temperature 20: 25 ℃, and relative humidity 85: 90% can take root and transplant 2 months.

4. Striping: the low-pressure method of sweet-scented osmanthus is to select the flexible parts of the 1-2-year-old branches in the lower part of the low dry mother tree from spring to early summer, cut or girdled into grooves 3-5 cm deep and fix the pressed branches with wood strips. The high-pressure method is to cut or peel 1-2-year-old stout branches from the mother tree in spring with the same low-pressure method, then smear the wound with culture medium, fasten it up and down with plastic bags, and cut off the mother plant for maintenance in autumn.

Culture methods of Osmanthus fragrans

1, basin soil: sweet-scented osmanthus does not have high requirements for soil. The basin soil can be mixed with humus soil or peat, garden soil, sand or river sand (proportion is 5:3:2). After production, the pH should be kept at 5.5-6.5, and the culture soil should be disinfected with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution before loading the pot.

2. Watering: sweet-scented osmanthus watering should grasp the principle of not drying and watering thoroughly, and spray clear water to the leaves once a day. After the Qingming Festival, the sweet-scented osmanthus should be watered once in the open air, which should be watered in the morning and evening in summer and around noon in winter.

3. Fertilization: Osmanthus fragrans should be supplied with sufficient fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied twice during shoot shooting, and phosphorus fertilizer should be applied mainly before flower bud differentiation and flowering. The basin soil should be a little drier before fertilization, and the soil should be loosened first, and should be watered once the next day of fertilization.

3. Pour the basin: sweet-scented osmanthus usually change the soil every 2-3 years, cut off part of the old and withered roots, cover the bottom of the basin with a layer of river sand or vermiculite to facilitate ventilation and drainage, and place rotten cake fertilizer as base fertilizer, the fill must be compacted.

4. Pruning: the shaping of sweet-scented osmanthus should be carried out after autumn. the plants with poor tree shape can cut off the whole top branches at 2 + 3 or 3 + 4. The plants with too dense branches should be thinned, and the overgrown branches, withered branches, disease and insect branches and dense thin branches should be cut off after flowering.

5. Overwintering: sweet-scented osmanthus overwintering room temperature is 0: 5 ℃, relative humidity is 50: 80%. The light in the cold room should be good in winter, especially before the early spring buds began to sprout. Grain Rain was arranged to go out of the room the next year, and first concentrated in the outdoor leeward and sunny place after leaving the room.

6. Diseases: the common diseases of sweet-scented osmanthus are leaf spot, coal pollution, algal spot, root rot, iron deficiency and so on. Leaf spot, coal pollution and algal spot can be controlled by spraying Bordeaux or carbendazim. Root rot should keep the soil loose and permeable and do not accumulate water.

7. Insect pests: the common pests of sweet-scented osmanthus are leaf wasp, whitefly, mite, long white scale, yellow moth and so on. Leaf wasp, whitefly and mites can be sprayed with dimethoate, and the scale can be sprayed with omethoate or fenitrothion when removing the first and second generation nymphs.

Matters needing attention of Osmanthus fragrans

1. The water management of potted sweet-scented osmanthus is very difficult, too much watering often leads to overgrowth, poor drainage and stagnant water in the basin are easy to cause rotten roots, so daily maintenance must pay attention to not watering too much, even in the early stage of flowering, it is necessary to avoid too wet basin soil.

2. Sweet-scented osmanthus is a long sunshine plant, which likes strong light. If the plant does not get enough light during its growth, it will cause its branches and leaves to grow too long, affect the formation of flower buds, and cause it can not blossom, so do not over-shade when breeding.

3. Potted sweet-scented osmanthus does not change pots and soil for many years, which will lead to insufficient nutrition of plants, root knots can not be extended, affecting flowering. For this reason, potted sweet-scented osmanthus should be changed every 1 to 2 years, and a small amount of hoof should be used as base fertilizer, and more phosphorus and potash fertilizer should be applied during the whole growing period.

4. Potted sweet-scented osmanthus should be dormant at low temperature after entering the room in winter. For example, if the room temperature is higher, sweet-scented osmanthus can not get full dormancy, which will make it sprout and spread leaves ahead of time, resulting in thin branches and consuming a lot of nutrients. After leaving the room in spring, it is easy to wither and die in case of drought.

5. Potted sweet-scented osmanthus is not tolerant to smoke and dust. if it is allowed to grow in a place with dirty air, it will lead to poor growth, smaller leaves and easy shedding, and little or no flowering, so it is necessary to prevent sweet-scented osmanthus from being polluted by smoke and dust during breeding.