Culture methods and matters needing attention of cactus

Cactus is a kind of plants with high ornamental value in stems, thorns and flowers, also known as grass balls, Changsheng pills, short hair pills, etc., for the spherical cactus plants in the shape of the cactus, the original place is mostly in the desert, like high temperature and dry climate, the stem is spherical or oval, generally blossoms in the early morning or evening, flowers are born in the longitudinal thorns, let's take a look at the breeding methods and matters needing attention of cactus!

The growth habit of cactus

1. Moisture: the cactus is resistant to drought, it should be properly watered in the growing season and slightly dry in the dormant period.

2. Fertilizer: cactus likes fertilizer. Liquid fertilizer can be applied once every 10 to 15 days during the growing period, and the dormant period will stop.

3. Soil: cactus should grow in fertile, well drained and calcareous sandy loam soil.

4. Temperature: the cactus likes warmth, and too high temperature will force it to "hibernate". It can also withstand a low temperature of about 0 ℃.

5. Light: the cactus likes the sun and should be properly sheltered in summer, but excessive shade will lead to its failure to blossom.

The breeding method of cactus

1. Divide the ball: from April to September, cut the seed ball from the mother plant to dry for 2-3 days, or dip it in the plant ash at the cut, and then insert it into the basin or wet sand table, without watering, slightly spray water supply. When dividing the ball, do not break it with your hands, it is best to cut it from the base of the ball with a knife or scissors to prevent the pith from being pulled out. Many seed balls have taken root on the mother plant, and the cuttings should be kept indoors for about 20 ℃. If they are outside, they should be properly shaded, and a new scene can be formed after 1 month.

2. Grafting: from May to July, grass ball, triangular prism, columnar and rattan cactus were used as rootstock, and the thickness of rootstock should be larger than that of scion. First, flatten the top of the rootstock with a knife, then flatten the lower part of the scion, then aim the center of the ball at the central pulp of the rootstock, make it stick closely, and then tie it with a rope and a flowerpot, and then keep it in indoor ventilation or outdoor shade.

3. Sowing: the self-pollination ability of cactus is poor, and artificial pollination is needed to bear fruit. The seed has a life span of 1-2 years and can only germinate at high temperature, so it should be sown from June to July. Soak the seeds in warm water for 2 to 3 days before sowing, the basin soil or sand bed should be mainly loose loam, the sowing depth should be invisible, and the grain distance between seeds should be kept at a distance of 2 cm to 3 cm. Feed water by swimming at the bottom of the basin, covered with white paper or glass, so that the seedlings can fully see the light, do not fertilize.

Culture method of cactus

1. Soil: cactus potted plants can be mixed with 3 portions of rotten leaf soil, garden soil and coarse sand, plus 1 part of plant ash and rotten bone powder. It is appropriate to put a layer of pebbles about 3 cm thick at the bottom of the basin in early spring to facilitate drainage. The planting depth is that the rhizome of the sphere is flat with the soil surface.

2. Light: cactus likes sunny environment, but exposure will slow down the growth rate of cactus, of course, will not be sunburned to death, if you want the cactus to grow faster, it is best to find a shady environment for the cactus when the sun is overheated.

3. Watering: the vast majority of cacti are native to the hot and arid desert wilderness of South and North America, and their roots have a strong ability to absorb water. If they are watered too much, they will fester the roots, and some large cactus will not die even if they are not watered for a year or two.

4. Temperature: the optimum growth temperature of cactus is 20-35 ℃. However, most species prefer large temperature difference between day and night, which is beneficial to the production and accumulation of organic matter under the condition of 35 ℃ in the day and 15 ℃ at night, thus promoting the exuberant growth of the plant.

5. Fertilization: cactus is fond of fertilizer and tolerant to fertilizer. One month after changing pots in spring, topdressing is started, and 10 times of rotten liquid fertilizer mixed with equal amount of 1000 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 1000 times of "Huaduoduo" general fertilizer is applied every 20 days in the growing season, and no fertilizer is applied in winter.

6. Change the basin: when changing the basin, the cactus should cut off some of the old roots and plant them in the basin after 4 days. The planting should not be too deep, and it is advisable to keep the root neck of the ball flat with the soil surface. In order to avoid rotting roots, do not water the newly planted cactus, just spray 2 or 3 times a day.

7. Diseases and insect pests: cactus is prone to diseases and insect pests in an environment with high temperature and poor ventilation. Diseases can be sprayed with carbendazim or topiramate, and pests can be killed by spraying dimethoate, but no matter which liquid is sprayed, it should be carried out outdoors.

Matters needing attention of cactus

The main results are as follows: 1. Cactus should pay attention to its water demand, illumination, fertilizer and other factors in the process of culture, and it may not survive if it is not handled properly.

2, the cactus growth begins in spring and summer, apply fertilizer once every half a month, it is best to apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer, in addition to appropriate sunshade, do not expose yourself to the hot sun.

3. The pot cactus should be moved indoors in winter, the room temperature above 5 ℃ can survive the winter safely, and the pot soil should be relatively dry, otherwise it is easy to rot the roots.

4. Cactus is not suitable for watering too much water, otherwise the root will rot. It is best to water it once a month in spring and summer, and two to three months in autumn and winter.

5. The cactus likes the sun and is not afraid to dry. Pay attention to watering it thoroughly.

6. Cactus pots should be changed in spring. Cactus balls that have just changed pots should not be watered immediately. They should not be watered until 1 week later.