Comprehensive control measures of jujube rotten fruit disease with soft jujube meat and wine, smelly mildew and sour taste

Jujube fruit rot can occur before harvest, after harvest and during storage, and is caused by many diseases. The main diseases are jujube ring rot, jujube soft rot, jujube pink rot, jujube aspergillosis, etc. The most important diseases are jujube ring rot and jujube soft rot, which reduce the quality and price of jujube. In order to effectively control jujube fruit rot disease, experienced farmers formulated comprehensive control measures according to the disease factors, and the effect was significant, which was only for reference.

jujube rot

I. Symptoms

1. Ring-pattern fruit rot disease: It occurs in the crispy ripening period of jujube. After jujube is damaged, the disease spot centers on the skin hole of jujube. It first presents water-stained light brown stain, then expands into reddish brown round spot. The affected part of jujube meat turns brown and soft, with wine odor. The serious jujube decays and falls off. Some of the spots have concentric rings of dark and light colors, resulting in jujube shedding and serious loss.

2, jujube soft rot: occurs before and after harvest and storage period, jujube fruit moldy, can not be eaten, loss is great. After jujube is harmed, flesh is soft, brownish, mouldy sour, grow white filiform first, grow small black dot on white filiform next.

II. Rules of occurrence. Fruit rot of jujube is caused by spores of various pathogens distributed in the air, soil and various parts of jujube. When jujube has wound, insect bite, bruise, picking injury, transportation squeeze injury and other wounds, spores invade from the wound and cause rotten fruit. The main factors affecting fruit rot of jujube are rainfall and environmental temperature. The pathogen is transmitted by wind and rain from young fruit stage to near maturity. The incubation period is very long. If there are more rainy days in the late stage of jujube, the disease can occur. After harvest, due to high moisture content of jujube, if not ventilated and dried in time, it is easy to cause various diseases and rot jujube. During storage and preservation of jujube fruit, improper temperature, humidity and air composition ratio in the warehouse are more likely to cause jujube rot disease.

III. Prevention and control methods

1, ring pattern fruit rot disease: ① strengthen management, enhance tree vigor, fundamentally improve jujube disease resistance. (2) Spraying 800 times solution of 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder every 10-12 days for 2-3 times continuously at the young fruit stage and expansion stage of jujube. Before the rotten fruit period, spray 50% carbendazim WP 800 times solution once every 7 days, spray 3 times continuously. (4) After the disease, remove the diseased dates in time and bury them deeply in order to reduce the chance of reinfection.

2. Jujube soft rot: ① When jujube is harvested, try to prevent damage and reduce the chance of pathogen invasion. (2) After harvest, the dates should be dried or dried in time to reduce mildew. Before storage, spray the whole stock or container with 1% formalin. (4) Remove damaged dates, insect dates and diseased dates, and place them in dry, ventilated and low temperature places to prevent moisture. (5) The dates stored in the warehouse shall be fumigated with sulfur in advance. Generally, 4-5 grams of sulfur is used per cubic meter. After disinfection, it is closed for more than 24 hours.