To ensure the high quality and high yield of loquat, do a good job of anti-freezing of Dake loquat.

The freezing injury of loquat occurred from December to February of the following year. However, Dake loquat mainly matured from December to February of the following year. In order to ensure a bumper harvest, attention should be paid to anti-cold and cold resistance of loquat. The freezing injury of loquat fruit can be divided into four grades: mild freezing injury:-2.5 ℃-1.0 ℃, moderate freezing injury:-3.5 ℃-2.5 ℃, severe freezing injury:-4.5 ℃-3.5 ℃, severe freezing injury:-4.5 ℃.

Anti-freezing of loquat

Anti-freezing measures:

First, in the mature period of loquat, we should pay attention to the weather forecast, pick medium well loquat in time and go home before frost occurs, and do a good job of frost prevention.

Second, if there are conditions, timely irrigate the tree plate to cover the film before the occurrence of frost; after receiving frost, spray water and wash frost in time. Before sunrise, spray the tree crown with water to frost and increase the temperature and humidity, which can prevent the sunrise frost from absorbing heat and aggravate the frost injury.

Third, in sunny, windless and frosty weather, dig 5 stoves per mu of orchard, put enough garbage, sawdust, leaves and miscellaneous firewood in it, and smoke from midnight to sunrise, which can increase about 2 ℃.

Fourth, build a simple greenhouse before frost, cover the orchard with high-density shading net, or cover the orchard with corn straw, and tie the loquat trees with the upper branches to cover the lower fruit, so as to reduce the frost damage to loquat.

Fifth, strengthen the management of fertilizer and water and control diseases and insect pests. Before the beginning of winter, apply enough farm manure, at least 3000 kg per mu and 40 kg urea, in order to increase the ground temperature, enhance the tree potential and improve the cold resistance.

Post-disaster remedial measures:

First, reasonable pruning. For frozen loquat trees, after the temperature rose steadily, the leaves were picked, pruned and sawed dry with minor injuries.

Second, strengthen the management of fertilizer and water. After the temperature rose steadily, the frozen loquat orchard could loosen the soil and promote the recovery of root system. Before sprouting, spring sprout fertilizer was applied in time, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, thin fertilizer was applied frequently, and annular ditch application method was adopted. For adult trees, 50 kg of clear fecal water can also be applied with an appropriate amount of 0.1%-0.2% urea solution; young trees can be sprayed with a mixture of 0.2%-0.3% urea and 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. If the freezing injury is serious, stop applying pre-bud fertilizer and apply fertilizer after new buds germinate and shoot, mainly nitrogen fertilizer.

Third, timely prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. Before sprouting, stone-sulfur mixture was sprayed in the whole garden to control diseases and insect pests, so as to prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests due to the weakness of loquat trees.

Fourth, properly control the amount of flowers and fruits. The loquat trees with mild freezing injury can control the amount of fruit in 1/2 to 2/3 of the normal year.