Planting method of saffron

Crocus is suitable for warm, moist environments. Crocus can be cold, but afraid of water, afraid of waterlogging. Can be in a semi-shady environment, it is best not to direct sunlight, then we will carefully understand its planting.

1. Selection of soil

Crocus cultivation should be selected good drainage, humus-rich sandy loam cultivation. If the soil is too sticky or damp, it will not grow well.

2. Planting

Crocuses are usually planted in bulbs, which are shaped like a ball of earth with crocus seeds in it, and the density is chosen according to the size of the bulb. Put the bulbs in the well dug, with the main buds facing up, and press them gently into the soil. You can cover them with a thin layer of charred mud.

3. Fertilization

Fertilization, basal fertilizer to sufficient, in order to promote its growth and development, conducive to the expansion of bulbs.

Now you plant crocus, but can not ignore it, there are many post-management to your constant care, crocus can grow healthily oh, and we plant crocus when there are many attention to learn it! Let's go and have a look together!

What's the crocus language? Cultivation method of potted crocus

Do you know what crocus means? Next, I will introduce you to the flower language and planting method of saffron in detail by Xiaobian to help you plant saffron better.

Crocus's Flower Language:

Crocus flower language: colorful, sincere, happy, happy

Yellow crocus flower language: lovelorn

Red crocus: worry about loving me too much

Yellow crocus: trust me

Blue crocus flower language: although I believe you, but still do not trust

Purple crocus flower language: regret loving me

Potted saffron cultivation methods:

planted

Prepare basin soil beforehand, choose fertile loose soil rich in humus. The choice of seed ball must choose a large and plump, no mold spots healthy ball.

In autumn, the seed balls are planted in flower pots. In principle, one plant is planted in one pot, but according to the size of the plants and flower pots, 4~6 plants can be planted in one pot, and the soil after planting is 5~8 cm.

Within a week after planting, put the flowerpot in a cool and ventilated place, and move it to a bright place for maintenance.

watering

Crocus is usually planted in autumn and grows in winter and spring. The climate is cold and dry, so it needs proper watering.

About 20 days after planting emergence, watering once before emergence to facilitate emergence. Water the soil once before winter to increase the temperature. Pour water once in mid-April to reduce the harm of dry hot wind.

When watering, pay attention to, do not pour ice water when the temperature is low, the temperature of the water is equivalent to room temperature, so as not to affect the growth of the plant when the pot soil freezes.

fertilization

Before planting, sufficient base fertilizer should be added to the pot soil, such as cake fertilizer, manure, burning soil, plant ash, chicken and duck dung, etc., and some calcium superphosphate should also be applied.

After rooting, thin liquid fertilizer with balanced nitrogen and phosphorus can be applied every 10 days. Fertilization should not be too thick, so as not to cause excessive leaf growth, affecting the growth of flower buds.

After saffron blooms in October, it should be applied once or twice with quick-acting fertilizer with balanced nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to facilitate the growth and development of corms, so that corms can store enough nutrients for more flowers and good flowers in the coming year.

seed ball storage

From late April to early May, some branches and leaves on the ground of saffron gradually turn yellow, and the seed ball can be dug out from the pot for collection. After digging out, the seed balls are classified, and the rotten and spotted seed balls are disposed of in time, or removed, or thrown away.

Put saffron seed balls in gauze bags and store in a cool, ventilated place with little light. Keep indoor dry. It can be replanted in autumn.

Potted saffron cultivation precautions

variety selection

Saffron in winter and spring season, flower friends in planting, according to the need to choose different varieties. It is suggested to choose spring flowering varieties, spring environment is relatively good, and timely storage of bulbs after flowering, flowering time is longer.

Basin size

Planting pots should choose a pot diameter of 15-20 cm of mud pots, or better permeability of plastic pots. Plant 4-6 large balls per pot, planted in September-October. When can also use small pots, 3~5 cm black plastic pots, a pot of a ball.

How to grow saffron? Crocus cultivation techniques

Saffron is also called saffron, saffron, its stigma is a valuable Chinese herbal medicine, there are sedative, expectorant effect, indications yellow gallbladder, hepatosplenomegaly, menstruation, fever and other diseases. Crocus is widely cultivated in all parts of our country. The following is an introduction to saffron planting technology, the content is only for the reference of the majority of growers.

1. Plant characteristics

Crocus, also known as crocus, crocus, crocus flowers but does not bear fruit, through the bulb for asexual reproduction. Saffron likes mild, cool climate, afraid of hot, relatively cold, suitable for growth at a temperature of 5℃~25℃. The soil is preferably fertile sandy soil. Bulbs dormancy summer autumn root sprouting leaves. It blooms in late October. Flowers bloom by day and wither by night. Most of our country adopts the method of field propagation and indoor flower picking. The silk has high effective components and excellent quality. Crocus sativus can be cultivated in most areas.

2. Prepare before saffron is put on shelves

1. House selection

Housing should choose to sit north to south, good ventilation, spacious and bright rooms.

2. Shelf design

Saffron shelves are designed to be 1.5-1.8 meters long, 1 meter wide and 1.8-2 meters high.

3. Disinfection

Use 25% carbendazim 500 times solution to disinfect bed surface, bedstead and tray to prevent disease.

3. Indoor management technology of saffron

1, on the shelf

In the first year of planting, it is necessary to purchase a single healthy ball weighing 20-30 grams and free of mildew and disease spots. The seeds can last 8-10 years. Crocus bulbs yield about twice a year, after the second year in the bulbs do not need to invest can also expand the planting scale to increase planting efficiency. The seeds will be ready for sale in mid-to-late August. Before putting on shelves, seed balls should be soaked in 25% carbendazim 500 times solution for 20 minutes to prevent disease occurrence. Place the bulbs in a single layer tightly packed tray, head up and bottom down, and place the tray on a wooden shelf.

2. Management of germination stage

From late August to mid-September is the flower bud differentiation period, the room temperature should be kept at 24~27℃; the indoor humidity should be maintained at 70-80% to promote germination. From late September to mid-October, the seeds begin to sprout, the room temperature should be kept at 16~23℃, the indoor light should be gradually brightened, and the natural light should be enhanced. Indoor humidity should be controlled at about 80%.

3. Management of flowering period

The flowering period is from late October to mid-November, and the suitable temperature is 15~18℃, otherwise it is easy to produce dead flowers. Humidity is controlled at 70-80%.

4. Keep the terminal buds and strip off the lateral buds

From late September to mid-November, corms grow many lateral buds. In order to cultivate large corms and improve the yield of filaments, lateral buds should be peeled off in time. Generally, corms with less than 20 grams have 1 main bud, corms with 20~30 grams have 2 main buds, and corms with more than 30 grams have 3 main buds.

5. Flower picking

Indoor bulbs bloom at the end of October and end in mid-November, with flowering lasting about 15 days. Flowers are picked before they bloom. Generally, it is collected twice a day at 8~10 o 'clock in the morning and 1~3 o' clock in the afternoon. Flowers are picked the same day.

6, take silk

The flowers also need to be stripped in time, this process is called silk. The pistil of saffron is composed of three connected stigmas and the style below. Its most effective part is the red stigma of the pistil. The way to get the filaments is to peel the petals gently, pinch them off at the bifurcation point of the filaments, and remove the red part of the style. Be careful not to leave the style too long, too long will affect the quality of the filaments. Production requirements on the day of flower picking, peeling flowers, take silk. If the flowers are not peeled that night after picking, the flowers pile up together to generate heat and cause the filaments to deteriorate easily.

7, processing methods and storage

In order to ensure the quality of filaments are now mostly used artificial drying. Spread the collected saffron stigma thinly on white paper and bake in a drying oven at 35-40 degrees for 6-8 hours. Store dried filaments in a cool, enclosed place.

IV. Field Cultivation Management

1. Treatment of seed balls

Seed bulbs with collected filaments are planted in the field in the middle of November, and seeds are soaked in 500-600 times solution of 25% carbendazim for 20 minutes before planting to prevent diseases and insect pests.

2. Soil preparation

Crocus likes rotation and avoids continuous cropping. Choose a well drained, loose, fertile sandy plot. The previous crop had better be planted with beans, corn, rice and other crops. Crocus sativus belongs to shallow root plants with fibrous roots. It is very important to apply sufficient basal fertilizer. Apply 4000-5000 kg of decomposed farm manure per mu. Pay attention to spreading fertilizer evenly on the ground.

3. Make a bed

Combine with plowing, mix the base fertilizer into the soil and rake it evenly. According to the north-south direction, the furrow width is 1 meter, the height is 20 cm, and the furrow spacing is 30-40 cm. The advantage of ridge cultivation is to increase soil aeration, not easy to rot roots, in cold weather is also conducive to mulching plastic film, improve the warming and moisture preservation effect of plastic film mulching. Furrows on the ridge surface are about 8 cm deep. The furrows are spaced about 20 centimeters apart, and then the seed balls can be sown.

4. Seed balls

Saffron is propagated as a corm, on which there are many main buds and lateral buds. The main buds bloom and the lateral buds do not bloom. Each bud can form a small bulb, and the female corm can grow 6-15 small bulbs. If you don't wipe the bud, the more small stems, the lower the yield of flowers. Before planting, according to the principle of keeping big and getting small, keeping strong and getting weak, we should strip off redundant lateral buds. Saffron planting needs a large amount of seed balls, about 500 kg per mu. Row spacing is 15-20 cm, plant spacing 10 cm, depth 3-6 cm. Corm main bud upward cover soil compaction. Reasonable depth is also an effective measure to increase silk yield, which not only meets the growth of corms, but also inhibits the germination of new lateral buds. After sowing is completed, root water should be poured once to make the seed ball have enough water supply to grow. 5-7 Days later, it can be applied again with human and animal manure and water, and 3000-4000 kg per mu can promote early rooting of bulbs.

5. Coating

In late November, if the weather is below 5 degrees, it will be covered. Cover the film with clods to compact the film, play a role in freezing and raising the temperature of the soil, but also reduce weed growth and promote bulb growth.

6. Uncover the film

From late February to early March, the temperature rises again, and the corms can be opened when they enter the green period. Clean up the removed membrane so as not to pollute the environment.

7. Cultivation

After removing the film, it should be loosened and weeded in time. The depth of intertillage is 2-3 cm, and care should be taken not to damage the roots of the plants when intertillage.

8. Topdressing

The bulb reviving stage is also the rapid growth and weight increase stage of the seed bulb. After removing the film, topdressing should be done in time. 3000-4000 kg of human and animal manure should be applied per mu together with watering. After half a month, topdressing should be done once. In March to April, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaves once every 10-15 days, and continuously sprayed for 2-3 times to promote rapid growth of corms.

9. Remove lateral buds

April saffron into the late growth of the field, if found to grow lateral buds to remove lateral buds in time, so as not to affect the growth of large bulbs.

10. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The main disease of saffron is rot disease and the pest is Robin root mite. The control method is to spray 500 times solution of 25% carbendazim on the roots of plants after removing the film. If aphids appear on leaves, dimethoate can be used to control them.

11. Harvest

The bulbs can be harvested when the branches and leaves of saffron turn yellow in the middle and late May. When harvesting, the roots of the bulbs are dug up with a hoe, and after being dug out, the branches and leaves are removed, and the bulbs are dried in the field for two days before being collected in the storage room. Store in a cool and windy place.

The above is saffron cultivation technology, I hope to help you, if you want to know more agricultural technology knowledge, please pay attention to Huinong School!

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