Seed prices and planting methods

Gourd, also known as soaking gourd, kettle gourd, calabash, etc., is an annual climbing herb of the gourd family. The fruit can be eaten as a vegetable when it is not ripe, and it is widely cultivated in tropical to temperate regions of the world. Vines, leaves, flowers and fruits of different cultivation types are different. Let's take a look at the seed price and planting method of gourd.

How much is the gourd seed?

The price of gourd seeds varies greatly from variety to variety, such as about 1-1.5 yuan per bag (5), 0.8-1.3 yuan per bag (8), 50-60 yuan per bag (10), 6-8 yuan per bag (10), and 5-8 yuan per bag (10). The seeds of big-waist gourd are about 5-7 yuan per bag (10 seeds). At the same time, the origin and purchase quantity are also the main reasons that affect the price of gourd seeds.

Cultivation conditions of calabash

1. Temperature: cucurbit is a temperature-loving crop, the seeds begin to germinate at 15 ℃, the optimum growth temperature is 20: 25 ℃, the growth and development is blocked at 9: 10 ℃, and premature senescence is easy to occur at 36-38 ℃.

2. Moisture: the gourd has strong water absorption capacity and large transpiration, so it should be irrigated in time in case of drought, the most water is needed in the flowering and fruiting period, and the water should not be too much in the later stage of fruit development and before harvest.

3. Light: the gourd is resistant to weak light. In order to ensure high yield and high quality, open and sunny areas should be selected to affect the normal growth of melon seedlings and fruits.

4. Soil: gourd has strong adaptability and grows better in slightly acidic soil (pH 6.5-7), and the yield is higher in sandy loam soil with good drainage.

How to accelerate the germination of gourd seeds?

1. Seed treatment: soak the seeds in 500-fold carbendazim solution for 30 minutes after drying for 1 day for 2 days, then wash the seeds with clean water and soak them in 55 ℃ warm water for 6 hours. Pay attention to continuous stirring during soaking, remove the seeds after finishing, soak them with 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 25 minutes, take out the seeds and wash them with clean water, and finally wipe off the mucus on the surface with a dry towel.

2. Sprouting method: soak the towel in clean water and twist it to the extent that it does not run, then spread the treated seeds on the towel with a thickness of no more than 1.5cm, cover the seeds with the same wet towel, fold one side of the two towels, wrap them around the periphery of the plastic bottle, and then pour warm water with a temperature of 30mm 32 ℃ into the plastic bottle. Tighten the bottle cap and wrap the plastic bottle with plastic sheeting to keep the seeds humid.

3, temperature management: when gourd seeds germinate, you can wrap a cotton blanket outside the plastic bottle in order to keep warm, and then put it in a warm place. When the water temperature in the plastic bottle is lower than 28 ℃, you can open the bottle cap and pour out the water inside, and then add new warm water (the temperature is 30-32 ℃). Change the water every 12 hours, and the seeds can sprout after 36-48 hours.

How to sow gourd seeds?

1. Sowing method: gourd root regeneration ability is weak, generally direct seeding in nutrition bowl, sowing 1 grain per bowl, covering nutrient soil 1-2 cm, temperature is controlled at about 25 ℃, seedlings can emerge in 3-4 days.

2. Cooling and ventilation: when 1/3 seeds of gourd are unearthed, it is necessary to cool down to about 18 ℃ and start ventilation to prevent the seedlings from forming tall seedlings, at the same time, let the seedlings see more light as far as possible, enhance the light and function of the seedlings, and improve the resistance.

3. Watering between seedlings: once after cucurbit seedlings, diseased seedlings, weak seedlings and miscellaneous seedlings are removed, and 1 seedling is left in each bowl. watering at seedling stage should be properly controlled, bed soil should not be watered, such as watering should be carried out at noon on a sunny day, ventilation and moisture drainage after watering.

4. refining seedlings to prevent diseases: gourd seedlings gradually increase ventilation one week before planting, prolong ventilation time, reduce temperature and refine seedlings, and improve seedling resistance. Diseases and insect pests during seedling cultivation are similar to cucumbers, so attention should be paid to prevention and control.

Planting method of gourd

1. Basic fertilizer for soil preparation: 2500 kg of farm manure, 150kg of special fertilizer for vegetables or 150kg of compound fertilizer containing sulfur are used as base fertilizer per mu of gourd planting land.

2. Timely planting: the distance between the plants of Huluding is 0.67 meters, digging holes to plant single seedlings, watering and fixing roots. Before ploughing, the weeds were weeded once with gram traces, and then butachlor was sprayed once after soil preparation, before transplanting.

3. Fertilizer and water management: gourd topdressing is carried out according to soil fertility combined with watering. Generally, 15 kg of soybean bran extract, 1.5 kg of biological phosphorus and 1.5 kg of biological potassium are applied per mu 6 days after transplantation, and mixed manure and water are applied every 7 to 10 days.

4, insert pole frame: 10-15 days after gourd planting, insert pole frame, prune and branch, pick the heart, remove the old leaves, adjust the space, make it ventilated and transparent. The directional soil can be cultivated once to make the melon seedlings tilt downwind and avoid turning the seedlings.

Artificial pollination: the gourd usually does not blossom in the morning and rainy days, so it forks and pinches every morning, and pollination begins at 16:00 in the afternoon, and pollination can be stopped after the office.

6. Timely harvest: the hairs of young gourd melons basically fall off, and the suitable harvest time is when the skin color changes. Generally, the harvest time of the first batch of melons is 15-20 days after flowering, and the peak fruit period is 10-12 days after flowering.

Disease and pest control of gourd

1. Fusarium wilt

[harm] it harms the root and the base of the stem vine, the leaves wilt seriously, the appearance of the first disease after flowering and bearing melon seems to be lack of water, it wilts obviously at noon, it can recover sooner or later, the root turns brown or rotten, and the affected part overflows the amber gel.

[prevention and treatment] choose 50% carbendazim 500x diluent, 70% topiramine 600x diluent, fulvic acid 800x diluent, specific Huangweiling 1500 fold dilution, 50% dimethazone 500x diluent, methomyl 600x diluent or agricultural streptomycin and other root irrigation.

2. Anthrax

[harm] at the initial stage, the disease spot was light yellow and nearly round, but in the later stage, the central part of the disease spot was ruptured, and in severe cases, the leaf withered, the petiole appeared light brown stripe, the fruit was infected with light green water stains, and then the middle depression appeared near round dark brown spot.

[prevention and control] choose 70% topiramate 600x diluent, 75% chlorothalonil 500x diluent, methomyl 600x diluent, trimethoprim 1000x diluent, abundant ammonia dilution 1000 times dilution, sulfur suspension 500x diluent cross spray control.

3. Downy mildew

[harm] there are small yellowish spots on the damaged leaves, and lavender mildew appears on the back of the lesion when it is wet.

[prevention and control] choose 58% Rhizoctonia 500-fold dilution, manganese zinc acetate 500-fold dilution, 60% alum 500-fold dilution, clenbuterol 1-fold dilution, Pideli 600-fold dilution, 70% mancozeb 500-fold dilution, and Phytophram 500-fold dilution spray.

4. Insect pests

The pests of gourd include melon aphid, melon fly, Huangshou melon, night moth and so on.

[control] it can be controlled by deep application or sprinkling of Milol and mixed insecticidal spraying of pyrethroid pesticides.